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Appendix B

StillColor

PCI/PXI-1408 and NI-IMAQ for Win95/NT

B-4

©

National Instruments Corporation

Figure B-1. Classical Decoding

Figure B-2. StillColor Decoding

Note:

You can find color versions of the illustrations in this appendix in the
online version of this document included with your NI-IMAQ software kit.

Both pictures are approximately 80 by 80 pixels in size and are acquired
using an NTSC composite video signal. Figure B-1 uses classic
decoding algorithms including bandpass/bandstop and comb filtering.
Figure B-2 was acquired using the PCI/PXI-1408 and the StillColor
algorithm.

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Summary of Contents for IMAQ PCI-1408

Page 1: ...Software for Windows 95 NT High Quality Monochrome Image Acquisition Boards for PCI PXI and CompactPCI Bus PCI PXI 1408 and NI IMAQ for Win95 NT October 1997 Edition Part Number 321325B 01 Copyright 1996 1997 National Instruments Corporation All rights reserved ...

Page 2: ... Denmark 45 76 26 00 Finland 09 725 725 11 France 01 48 14 24 24 Germany 089 741 31 30 Hong Kong 2645 3186 Israel 03 6120092 Italy 02 413091 Japan 03 5472 2970 Korea 02 596 7456 Mexico 5 520 2635 Netherlands 0348 433466 Norway 32 84 84 00 Singapore 2265886 Spain 91 640 0085 Sweden 08 730 49 70 Switzerland 056 200 51 51 Taiwan 02 377 1200 United Kingdom 01635 523545 National Instruments Corporate H...

Page 3: ... USE OF PRODUCTS OR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF This limitation of the liability of National Instruments will apply regardless of the form of action whether in contract or tort including negligence Any action against National Instruments must be brought within one year after the cause of action accrues National Instruments shall not be liable for ...

Page 4: ...al area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense Notices to User Changes or modifications not expressly approved by National Instruments could void the user s authority to operate the equipment under the FCC Rules This device complies with the FCC rules only if used with shielded interface cables of suitable qual...

Page 5: ...I with CompactPCI 1 2 What You Need to Get Started 1 3 Software Programming Choices 1 4 National Instruments Application Software 1 4 NI IMAQ Driver Software 1 5 Optional Equipment 1 6 Unpacking 1 7 How to Set up Your IMAQ System 1 7 Chapter 2 Configuration and Installation Board Configuration 2 1 VIDEO0 Input Mode 2 3 External CLK and Synchronization Input Mode 2 4 Switch S1 2 5 Installation 2 5 ...

Page 6: ... 3 5 PCI Interface 3 5 Board Configuration NVRAM 3 5 Video Acquisition 3 6 Start Stop Conditions 3 6 Acquisition Window Control 3 6 Programming Video Parameters 3 8 Acquisition Modes 3 10 Chapter 4 Signal Connections BNC Connector 4 1 I O Connector 4 1 I O Connector Signal Connection Descriptions 4 2 Chapter 5 Configuration Utility Introduction 5 1 Using IMAQconf 5 1 Description Tab 5 2 Camera Tab...

Page 7: ...p Your IMAQ System 1 8 Figure 2 1 PCI 1408 Parts Locator Diagram 2 2 Figure 2 2 PXI 1408 Parts Locator Diagram 2 3 Figure 2 3 Configuring VIDEO0 with Jumper W1 2 4 Figure 2 4 Configuring PCLK VSYNC HSYNC and CSYNC with Jumper W3 2 4 Figure 2 5 Switch S1 2 5 Figure 3 1 1408 Device Block Diagram 3 2 Figure 3 2 Video Line 3 7 Figure 3 3 Video Field 3 8 Figure 4 1 BNC Connector Pin Assignment 4 1 Figu...

Page 8: ...d Settings 5 13 Figure 5 10 LUT Tab Settings 5 15 Figure 5 11 Normal LUT 5 16 Figure 5 12 Inverse LUT 5 16 Figure 5 13 Log LUT 5 17 Figure 5 14 Exponential LUT 5 17 Figure 5 15 Binary LUT 5 18 Figure 5 16 Inverse Binary LUT 5 19 Figure 5 17 Operating Mode Tab 5 20 Figure 5 18 Diagnostics Settings 5 23 Figure B 1 Classical Decoding B 4 Figure B 2 StillColor Decoding B 4 Figure B 3 White Light and t...

Page 9: ...I IMAQ Software for Windows 95 NT is organized as follows Chapter 1 Introduction describes the PCI 1408 and PXI 1408 devices lists what you need to get started describes software programming choices optional equipment and custom cables and explains how to unpack and set up your 1408 device Chapter 2 Configuration and Installation explains how to configure and install your 1408 device Chapter 3 Har...

Page 10: ... you can find each one Conventions Used in This Manual The following conventions are used in this manual Angle brackets containing numbers separated by an ellipses represent a range of values associated with a bit or signal name for example ACH 0 7 A hyphen between two or more key names enclosed in angle brackets denotes that you should simultaneously press the named keys for example Control Alt D...

Page 11: ... PCI PXI 1408 and the NI IMAQ Software for Windows 95 NT is one piece of the documentation set for your image acquisition system You could have any of several types of manuals depending on the hardware and software in your system Use the different types of manuals you have as follows Software documentation You may have both application software and NI IMAQ software documentation National Instrumen...

Page 12: ...ments PXI Specification rev 1 0 PICMG CompactPCI 2 0 R2 1 Customer Communication National Instruments wants to receive your comments on our products and manuals We are interested in the applications you develop with our products and we want to help if you have problems with them To make it easy for you to contact us this manual contains comment and configuration forms for you to complete These for...

Page 13: ...age acquisition The 1408 device ships with NI IMAQ the National Instruments complete image acquisition driver software you can use to directly control your 1408 device Using NI IMAQ you can quickly and easily start your application without having to program the board at the register level Featuring low cost and high accuracy the 1408 device is ideal for both industrial and scientific environments ...

Page 14: ...ts vendors to develop sub buses that coexist with the basic PCI interface on the CompactPCI bus Compatible operation is not guaranteed between CompactPCI devices with different sub buses nor between CompactPCI devices with sub buses and PXI The standard implementation for CompactPCI does not include these sub buses Your PXI 1408 device will work in any standard CompactPCI chassis adhering to the P...

Page 15: ...on for LabWindows CVI IMAQ BNC 1 shielded 75 Ω BNC cable for VIDEO0 included with the 1408 device IMAQ A2504 video cable optional for trigger and additional camera support IMAQ A2514 video cable optional for complete trigger additional camera and external synchronization support BNC to RCA adapter included with your 1408 device Your Pentium based PCI PXI or CompactPCI computer running Windows 95 o...

Page 16: ...ws CVI IMAQ Library a series of functions for using LabWindows CVI with the 1408 device is included with the NI IMAQ software kit The LabWindows CVI IMAQ Library is functionally equivalent to the NI IMAQ software IMAQ Vision for G is an image acquisition processing and analysis library that consists of more than 400 VIs for using the PCI PXI 1408 with LabVIEW and BridgeVIEW You can use IMAQ Vision...

Page 17: ...d low level functions for maximum flexibility and performance Examples of high level functions include the functions to acquire images in single shot or continuous mode An example of a low level function is configuring an image sequence since it requires advanced understanding of the 1408 device and image acquisition NI IMAQ also internally resolves many of the complex issues between the computer ...

Page 18: ...o a BNC connector block IMAQ A2504 A 14 pod BNC cable which routes all video trigger and synchronization signals to a BNC connector block IMAQ A2514 RTSI bus cables for connecting the 1408 device to other IMAQ or DAQ hardware Other National Instruments DAQ devices for enhanced triggering timing or input output For more specific information about these products refer to your National Instruments ca...

Page 19: ...mputer chassis before removing the board from the package Remove the board from the package and inspect the board for loose components or any other signs of damage Notify National Instruments if the board appears damaged in any way Do not install a damaged board in your computer Never touch the exposed pins of connectors How to Set up Your IMAQ System Use Figure 1 2 to install your software and ha...

Page 20: ...Qconf as described in Chapter 5 Configuration Utility in this document Look at the self documented example source code on your distribution diskettes for your application language and environment Use the NI IMAQ Function Reference Manual when you need specific information about individual NI IMAQ functions Read the NI IMAQ release notes and follow the instructions to install your NI IMAQ software ...

Page 21: ...Board Configuration This section describes how to configure the following options on the 1408 device VIDEO0 input mode External CLK and synchronization input mode All other configuration options are software configurable Figures 2 1 and 2 2 show the locations of user configurable jumpers and switches as well as factory default settings on the PCI 1408 and PXI 1408 devices respectively ...

Page 22: ...IMAQ for Win95 NT 2 2 National Instruments Corporation Figure 2 1 PCI 1408 Parts Locator Diagram 1 W3 2 25 Pin DSUB Connector 3 BNC Connector 4 W1 5 Assembly Number 6 Product Name 7 Serial Number 8 RTSI Bus Connector 9 Logical Address Switch S1 2 9 3 4 1 5 7 8 6 ...

Page 23: ...he input mode for either RSE or DIFF When in RSE mode the video input uses one analog input line which connects to the video multiplexer circuitry The negative input to the video multiplexer is tied internally to analog ground When in DIFF mode the video input uses two analog input signals One signal connects to the positive input of the video multiplexer circuitry while the other input signal con...

Page 24: ... mode the input uses one analog input line which connects to the synchronization selection circuitry The negative input to the synchronization selection circuitry is tied internally to analog ground For RSE mode populate all five sets of jumpers on W3 as shown in Figure 2 4 In DIFF mode the input uses two analog input signals One signal connects to the positive input of the synchronization selecti...

Page 25: ... achieve the best noise performance you should leave as much room as possible between the PCI 1408 and other boards and hardware The following are general instructions but consult your computer user manual or technical reference manual for specific instructions and warnings 1 Plug in but do not turn on your computer before installing the PCI 1408 device The power cord grounds the computer and prot...

Page 26: ...ce the computer cover Your PCI 1408 is now installed PXI 1408 You can install a PXI 1408 in any available 5 V peripheral slot in your PXI or CompactPCI chassis Note The PXI 1408 has connections to several reserved lines on the CompactPCI J2 connector Before installing a PXI 1408 in a CompactPCI system that uses J2 connector lines for purposes other than PXI see Using PXI with CompactPCI in Chapter...

Page 27: ...uration and Installation National Instruments Corporation 2 7 PCI PXI 1408 and NI IMAQ for Win95 NT 7 Visually verify the installation 8 Plug in and turn on the PXI or CompactPCI chassis Your PXI 1408 is now installed ...

Page 28: ...r high speed data transfer scatter gather DMA controllers that control the transfer of data between the first in first out FIFO memory buffers and the PCI bus nonvolatile and static RAM for configuring registers on power up and programming the DMA controllers and acquisition and region of interest control circuitry that monitors video signals The board also includes powerful trigger circuitry incl...

Page 29: ... 4 43 MHz notch filter to remove color information from a PAL signal Programmable Gain and Offset The 1408 device uses programmable gain and offset circuitry to optimize the input signal range PCI Interface and Scatter Gather DMA Controllers 25 Pin DSUB Connector BNC PCI Bus PCLK HSYNC VSYNC Mux Generated PCLK HSYNC VSYNC CSYNC Mux Genlock and Synchronization Circuitry VCO and PLL Circuitry Pixel ...

Page 30: ...hronization Circuitry The genlock and synchronization circuitry receives the incoming video signal and generates a PCLK HSYNC and VSYNC signal for use by the acquisition and control circuitry The synchronization circuitry interacts with the voltage controlled oscillator VCO and phase locked loop PLL circuitry which generates and controls the PCLK VCO and PLL Circuitry The VCO and PLL circuitry con...

Page 31: ...can configure each of these lines to start or stop acquisition on a rising or falling edge In addition you can drive each line asserted or unasserted similar to a digital I O line You can also map onboard status values HSYNC VSYNC ACQUISITION_IN_PROGRESS and ACQUISITION_DONE to the lines Acquisition and Region of Interest Control The acquisition and region of interest control circuitry monitors th...

Page 32: ...ry buffers PCI Interface The 1408 device implements the PCI interface with a National Instruments custom application specific integrated circuit ASIC the PCI MITE The PCI interface can transfer data at a maximum rate of 132 Mbytes s in master mode which maximizes the available PCI bandwidth 1408 devices can generate 8 16 and 32 bit memory read and write cycles both single and multiple In slave mod...

Page 33: ...sition You can use either software or triggers to start and stop acquisitions instantaneously or after capturing a desired number of frames or fields Use this feature for post or pre trigger applications Frame field selection With an interlaced camera and the PCI PXI 1408 in frame mode you can program the 1408 device to start or stop acquisition on any odd field or any even field Acquisition Windo...

Page 34: ...d a line count Line count The line count is the total number of horizontal lines in the picture Video line A video line consists of an HSYNC back porch active pixel region and a front porch as shown in Figure 3 2 Figure 3 2 Video Line Picture aspect ratio The picture aspect ratio is the ratio of the active pixel region to the active line region For standard video signals like RS 170 or CCIR the fu...

Page 35: ...erating an internal PCLK the 1408 device uses a programmable clock generator with an advanced VCO circuit This circuitry generates a PCLK frequency from 11 to 16 5 MHz depending on the horizontal count The standard sampling rate for RS 170 NTSC video signals is 12 3 MHz and the standard sampling rate for CCIR PAL is 14 75 MHz To correct for external pixel aspect ratio errors of up to 9 the VCO cov...

Page 36: ...ble the region of interest circuitry the board transfers only a selected subset of the digitized frame to system memory Scaling down The scaling down circuitry also controls the active acquisition region The 1408 device can scale down a frame by reducing pixel lines or both For active pixel selection the PCI PXI 1408 can select every pixel every other pixel every fourth pixel or every eighth pixel...

Page 37: ...tput on the DSUB connector for use by other image acquisition boards or to synchronize multiple cameras CSYNC external mode In CSYNC external mode the 1408 device receives an incoming video signal composite or luminance and an external CSYNC from an external connector The 1408 device takes the incoming video signal and CSYNC and generates HSYNC VSYNC and PCLK signals External lock mode You can use...

Page 38: ...25 pin DSUB I O connector You can configure the BNC connector only for RSE mode Note Jumper W1 must be installed when using BNC input Figure 4 1 BNC Connector Pin Assignment I O Connector The 25 pin DSUB connector connects to all video signals VIDEO0 VIDEO1 VIDEO2 and VIDEO3 the external digital I O lines and triggers and external signals To access these connections you can build your own custom c...

Page 39: ... represents the A D sampling clock You can select PCLKIN to be TTL or RS 422 mode depending on the jumper W3 configuration In RS 422 mode both PCLKIN and PCLKIN receive the PCLK signal The PCLKIN polarity is programmable HSYNCIN Use HSYNCIN when the 1408 device is in external lock mode HSYNC is a synchronization pulse produced at the beginning of each video scan line that keeps a video monitor s h...

Page 40: ... is programmable CSYNCOUT CSYNCOUT is a TTL output of the internal CSYNC signal In CSYNC external mode CSYNCOUT maps directly to CSYNCIN In standard mode the synchronization circuitry of the 1408 device generates CSYNCOUT TRIG 3 0 Triggers 3 0 are TTL I O lines used to start or stop an acquisition or output an acquisition status You can program the triggers to be rising or falling edge sensitive Y...

Page 41: ...that let you implement small image processing functions in the hardware Performs snap and continuous video acquisition for diagnostics and verification Creates new camera files for non standard cameras Saves acquired images to a bmp format Using IMAQconf To configure your IMAQ device make sure the device is properly installed see Chapter 2 Configuration and Installation and then run the IMAQconf c...

Page 42: ...ab IMAQconf automatically fills in this information StillColor Composite PAL or NTSC Camera Mode StillColor RGB Tri CCD Camera Mode Red Green and Blue Linked to Channel 1 2 and 3 StillColor Disabled Monochrome Mode Advanced Camera Settings 2 CLAMP Start Stop and ZERO Start Stop Are Specific to Composite Mode Basic Camera Settings Attributes Are Common to All Three Modes Advanced Camera Settings 1 ...

Page 43: ...tion Tab Save Interface Button Snap Function Button Grab Function Button Histogram Function Button Available Interfaces Diagnostic Function Button Interface Name Type of Board Base Address of Board List of Serial Numbers of Installed Boards Board Revision IRQ of Board monochrome mode Multi Snap Function Button StillColor mode ...

Page 44: ...ab Figure 5 3 Camera Tab You use IMAQconf to configure each active video channel You can configure only one video channel at a time You can access VIDEO0 through the BNC connector or the 25 pin DSUB connector You can access all other video signals only via the 25 pin DSUB connector The Camera tab includes four buttons that pop up additional configuration dialog boxes These buttons are as follows B...

Page 45: ...ra settings dialog boxes for a monochrome acquisition from a monochrome or color camera and for a StillColor acquisition from an RGB camera Figure 5 4 Monochrome and Color Used as Monochrome Video Line Refer to Figures 5 4 and 5 5 for parameter timing information as you use the Basic Advanced and StillColor dialog boxes for a StillColor acquisition from a color composite camera Front Porch A B C R...

Page 46: ...Instruments Corporation Figure 5 5 Composite Color Video Line Front Porch Reference Pixel 0 Back Porch X Blanking Horizontal Sync Active Video X Shift Start Burst Start Burst Stop Blanking Start Blanking Stop Width Acquisition Window Clamp or Zero Stop Clamp or Zero Start Color Burst ...

Page 47: ...tandard camera choose RS 170 NTSC CCIR or PAL If you are using a nonstandard camera choose AREA SCAN Mode You can place the 1408 device in frame or field mode Use frame mode with interlaced video signals In frame mode the PCI PXI 1408 waits for a programmable odd or even field before starting a video acquisition In addition the 1408 device combines the odd and even fields into one video frame in s...

Page 48: ...adjustment of the black and white reference levels of 20 15 and 10 mV steps Monitor the displayed histograph to choose the appropriate gain level Interlace This specifies whether the camera is interlaced or non interlaced Reference Level This setting optimizes the input signal range and includes two components White The 1408 device uses a programmable white reference level to optimize the input si...

Page 49: ... from the beginning of the horizontal synchronization pulse The Start parameter specifies the rising edge of the internally generated pulse while the Stop parameter specifies the falling edge of the pulse Advanced camera settings include HSYNC Start and HSYNC Stop These settings define the positioning and duration of the internally generated horizontal line synchronization pulse To generate a nega...

Page 50: ...onochrome or color camera StillColor Composite mode The clamping pulse must be positive CLAMP Stop CLAMP Start and must be applied on each line somewhere during the horizontal synchronization pulse of the video signal The duration of the pulse CLAMP Stop CLAMP Start should be as long as possible and greater than five samples Figure 5 5 illustrates the correct position of CLAMP Start and CLAMP Stop...

Page 51: ... of the internally generated vertical synchronization pulse For standard video the value of HCOUNT 8 is recommended Sync Detect This setting defines the comparator voltage used to detect a horizontal synchronization pulse The reference level is the voltage of the sync tips For a typical video signal the sync tips is approximately 300 mV below the blanking level and the highest detection value of 1...

Page 52: ...ing parameters Figure 5 8 Basic StillColor Settings Basic StillColor settings include Brightness IRE This parameter adjusts the brightness of the acquired picture Brightness is valid only in composite mode The unit is IRE which is a percentage of the white level The default value is 0 which corresponds to no correction Contrast This parameter adjusts the contrast of the acquired picture Contrast i...

Page 53: ...images to average for each image returned by NI IMAQ Advanced This button brings up the Advanced color dialog box as shown in Figure 5 9 Figure 5 9 StillColor Advanced Settings Advanced StillColor settings include Burst Start and Burst Stop These values define the position of the color burst in the composite video signal The color burst is placed in the back porch after the horizontal synchronizat...

Page 54: ...ult to the color red You can move this point to another hue value by adding or subtracting an offset angle The Hue Offset Angle is expressed in degrees Clean Chroma NTSC only This parameter enables or disables the bandpass filter that cleans the chroma information before final demodulation You can use this filter if the camera delivers a poor quality signal that results in vertical color bars in t...

Page 55: ...ok up table LUT to implement simple imaging operations such as contrast enhancement data inversion gamma manipulation or other nonlinear transfer function Figure 5 10 shows the LUT tab settings Figure 5 10 LUT Tab Settings You can control the LUT through the NI IMAQ software or you can select a predefined LUT in the IMAQconf configuration utility ...

Page 56: ...is effectively disabled as shown in Figure 5 11 Figure 5 11 Normal LUT Inverse When you select this option the LUT inverts the gray levels as shown in Figure 5 12 Figure 5 12 Inverse LUT Normal LUT Stored Value Sampled Data 0 50 100 150 200 250 255 300 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 255 Inverse LUT 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 255 Stored Value Sampled Data 255 ...

Page 57: ...shown in Figure 5 13 Figure 5 13 Log LUT Exponential When you select this option the LUT converts the sampled data to a logarithmic form that produces greater contrast in the white region as shown in Figure 5 14 Figure 5 14 Exponential LUT Log LUT 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 255 Stored Value Sampled Data 255 Exponential LUT 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 0 25 50 75 100 12...

Page 58: ...elect this option the LUT converts the sampled data to a binary image of black or white as shown in Figure 5 15 The threshold point is determined by the number you set in the Binary Threshold box Figure 5 15 Binary LUT Binary LUT 128 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 255 Stored Value Sampled Data 255 ...

Page 59: ...16 The threshold point is determined by the number you set in the Binary Threshold box Note The Binary Threshold option specifies the threshold point for the binary and inverse binary LUTs This option is disabled for the other LUTs Figure 5 16 Inverse Binary LUT Operating Mode Tab The Operating Mode tab contains settings for video synchronization signals Figure 5 17 displays the Operating Mode tab...

Page 60: ...oming video signal and generates a CSYNC signal The internal CSYNC signal generates the PCLK HSYNC and VSYNC signals The 1408 device acquisition control circuitry uses these signals to store the acquired data in PCI memory You can control each of these signals in software The board parameters adjust the pixels per line to generate PCLK the horizontal start to generate HSYNC and the vertical start ...

Page 61: ...xternal lock mode the 1408 device receives PCLK HSYNC and VSYNC from the external connector When you select external lock mode the HSYNC polarity VSYNC polarity and PCLK polarity fields also become valid You can configure each signal to be active high or active low rising or falling edge sensitive Note The Signal Polarity option is active and the CSYNC Source and PCLK Select options are disabled i...

Page 62: ...omplete the configuration choose the File Save option to save the resulting configuration so that the NI IMAQ software can reference it Testing Your Configuration After setup use IMAQconf to test your configuration using the Grab and Snap functions located either in the utility toolbar or under the Acquire menu see Figure 5 2 You can use the resulting image and histograph to modify your configurat...

Page 63: ...input signal range Diagnostics The Diagnostics button lets you run diagnostic tests on the board Pressing this button brings up the dialog box shown in Figure 5 18 Figure 5 18 Diagnostics Settings Select the tests you want to perform Click the Start button to start the diagnostics The diagnostics will run each test that has been specified by the appropriate checkbox These tests will be executed th...

Page 64: ...ured image in bitmap bmp format if you select File Save from the pull down menu or right click in the video window and select File Save Storing the image serves two purposes First it saves a reference picture Second you can use the 1408 device to acquire images that you can later modify with virtually any image processing application without using NI IMAQ ...

Page 65: ...ported RS 170 NTSC 60 Hz Interlaced mode 60 fields s CCIR PAL 50 Hz Interlaced mode 50 fields s Variable scan Programmable Video Input Quantity Four monochrome Input impedance 75 Ω VIDEO0 RSE or DIFF BNC or DSUB VIDEO 3 1 RSE or DIFF DSUB Frequency response 20 MHz 3 dB typ Antichrominance filter Programmable disabled 3 58 MHz notch filter or 4 43 MHz notch filter Filter characteristics Attenuation...

Page 66: ... to noise ratio 48 dB typ Sampling rate 5 to 20 MHz externally clocked Pixel aspect ratio Programmable VCO range 11 0 to 16 4 MHz External Connections Trigger sense TTL Trigger level Programmable rising or falling PCLKIN sense Selectable TTL or RS 422 PCLKIN level Programmable direct or invert HSYNCIN sense Selectable TTL or RS 422 HSYNCIN level Programmable rising or falling VSYNCIN sense Selecta...

Page 67: ...er 5 ns peak PCI Interface PCI initiator master capability Supported PCI target slave capability Supported Data path 32 bits Card voltage 5 V only Card type 32 bit half size card Parity generation checking error reporting Supported Target decode speed Medium 1 clock Target fast back to back capability Supported Resource locking Supported as a master and slave PCI interrupts Interrupts passed on IN...

Page 68: ... Sustained 100 Mbytes s Power Requirements Voltage 5 V 1 34 A 12 V 100 mA 12 V 50 mA Physical Dimensions 10 668 by 17 463 cm 4 2 by 6 875 in Weight 0 127 kg 0 028 lb Environment Operating temperature 0 55 C Storage temperature 20 70 C Relative Humidity 5 90 noncondensing MTBF 181 259 h at 25 C Emissions EN 55011 1991 Group 1 Class A at 10 m FCC Class A at 10 m ...

Page 69: ...ed for very accurate color acquisition A composite color camera transmits the video signal on a single wire The signal is composed of two components that are added together These components are A monochrome video signal that contains the gray level information from the image and the composite synchronization signals This signal is the same as a standard monochrome video signal such as RS 170 NTSC ...

Page 70: ... of up to 10 frames s You can use StillColor in applications that require high quality images of still or very slowly moving objects StillColor supports many different image representations used in scientific or industrial applications such as RGB bitmap and single plane hue saturation luminance and intensity StillColor also supports image averaging of up to 128 frames to increase the dynamic rang...

Page 71: ...esulting from one frame are almost cancelled by artifacts in following frames This system takes advantage of the slow response time of the human eye to obscure most of these problems The situation is different in a single frame acquisition where a single image is needed A single image usually clearly shows the result of a bad color luminance separation Typical weakness of traditional separation te...

Page 72: ...of the illustrations in this appendix in the online version of this document included with your NI IMAQ software kit Both pictures are approximately 80 by 80 pixels in size and are acquired using an NTSC composite video signal Figure B 1 uses classic decoding algorithms including bandpass bandstop and comb filtering Figure B 2 was acquired using the PCI PXI 1408 and the StillColor algorithm ...

Page 73: ...signal The IMAQ device must acquire three consecutive frames but the same perfect separation of the color and luminance information can be achieved after manipulation of these images After separating the color and luminance signals the StillColor algorithm then decodes and rebuilds the color image As shown in Figure B 2 the result does not show any of the artifacts encountered in traditional color...

Page 74: ... one of many image representations supported by the driver See the Introduction to Color section later in this appendix for more information on image representations For a StillColor RGB snap connect the three camera channels red green and blue to Video 1 Video 2 and Video 3 respectively on the PCI PXI 1408 device Specify a channel for the video synchronization signal by selecting that channel as ...

Page 75: ... from ultraviolet to infrared in a smooth transition You can represent a good approximation of white light by selecting a few reference colors and weighting them appropriately The most common way to represent white light is to use three reference components such as red green and blue R G and B primaries You can simulate most colors of the visible spectrum using these primaries For example video pr...

Page 76: ...ions can be produced using NI IMAQ and StillColor RGB The most common image representation is 32 bit RGB format In this representation the three 8 bit color planes red green and blue are packed into an array of 32 bit integers This representation is useful for displaying the image on your monitor The 32 bit integer organized as where the high order byte is not used and blue is the low order byte T...

Page 77: ...imes the 8 bit representation of the plane from the same image The 16 bit representation is generally only used if you are performing averaging on your image For example averaging an image 16 times requires four extra bits 16 to represent the increased dynamic range In this case using the 16 bit representation may increase the dynamic range of your image Luminance Intensity Hue or Saturation are d...

Page 78: ...les the following guidelines must be met For the video inputs use a 75 Ω shielded coaxial cable For the digital triggers and synchronization signals twisted pairs for each signal yield the best result For the 25 pin DSUB connector use AMP part number 747912 2 or equivalent For information on connector pin assignments see the I O Connector section in Chapter 4 Signal Connections Connector specifica...

Page 79: ...ese systems does not answer your questions we offer fax and telephone support through our technical support centers which are staffed by applications engineers Electronic Services National Instruments has BBS and FTP sites dedicated for 24 hour support with a collection of files and documents to answer most common customer questions From these sites you can also download the latest instrument driv...

Page 80: ... to obtain support Telephone Fax Australia 03 9879 5166 03 9879 6277 Austria 0662 45 79 90 0 0662 45 79 90 19 Belgium 02 757 00 20 02 757 03 11 Brazil 011 288 3336 011 288 8528 Canada Ontario 905 785 0085 905 785 0086 Canada Quebec 514 694 8521 514 694 4399 Denmark 45 76 26 00 45 76 26 02 Finland 09 725 725 11 09 725 725 55 France 01 48 14 24 24 01 48 14 24 14 Germany 089 741 31 30 089 714 60 35 H...

Page 81: ..._______________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ National Instruments hardware product model __________ Revision ______________________ Configuration ___________________________________________________________________ National Instruments software product ____________________________Version ____________ Configuration __...

Page 82: ...boards _________________________________________________ DMA channels of other boards ___________________________________________________ Interrupt level of other boards ___________________________________________________ Other Products Computer make and model ______________________________________________________ Microprocessor _______________________________________________________________ Clock...

Page 83: ...ors _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________...

Page 84: ... 1408 and NI IMAQ for Win95 NT Glossary Numbers Symbols percent positive of or plus 5V 5 V signal negative of or minus per plus or minus Ω ohm Prefix Meaning Value p pico 10 12 n nano 10 9 µ micro 10 6 m milli 10 3 k kilo 103 M mega 106 G giga 109 ...

Page 85: ...al number address character code that identifies a specific location or series of locations in memory ANSI American National Standards Institute antichrominance filter removes the color information from the video signal API application programming interface AQ_DONE signals that the acquisition of a frame or field is completed AQ_IN_PROGRESS signals that the acquisition of video data is in progress...

Page 86: ...ch as the PCI bus typically the expansion vehicle to which I O or other devices are connected C C Celsius cache high speed processor memory that buffers commonly used instructions or data to increase processing throughput CCIR Comite Consultatif International des Radiocommunications a committee that developed standards for color video signals chrominance the color information in a video signal CMO...

Page 87: ...ducers and test probes or fixtures and inputting them to a computer for processing 2 collecting and measuring the same kinds of electrical signals with A D or DIO boards plugged into a computer and possibly generating control signals with D A and or DIO boards in the same computer dB decibel the unit for expressing a logarithmic measure of the ratio of two signal levels dB 20log10 V1 V2 for signal...

Page 88: ...ulse from an external source that triggers an event such as A D conversion F field For an interlaced video signal a field is half the number of horizontal lines needed to represent a frame of video the first field of a frame contains all the odd numbered lines the second field contains all of the even numbered lines FIFO first in first out memory buffer the first data stored is the first data sent...

Page 89: ... video signal s brightness level and the voltage level needed to produce that brightness genlock circuitry that aligns the video timing signals by locking together the horizontal vertical and color subcarrier frequencies and phases and generates a pixel clock to clock pixel data into memory for display or into another circuit for processing GND ground signal GUI graphical user interface an intuiti...

Page 90: ...ics Engineers IMAQconf a configuration and diagnostic utility included with IMAQ devices in inches INL integral nonlinearity A measure in LSB of the worst case deviation from the ideal A D or D A transfer characteristic of the analog I O circuitry instrument driver a set of high level software functions such as NI IMAQ that controls specific plug in computer boards instrument drivers are available...

Page 91: ... quantifying data or computer memory kbytes s a unit for data transfer that means 1 000 or 103 bytes s Kword 1 024 words of memory L library a file containing compiled object modules each comprised of one of more functions that can be linked to other object modules that make use of these functions line count the total number of horizontal lines in the picture LSB least significant bit luminance th...

Page 92: ...kly by changing addresses on the local processor MSB most significant bit MTBF mean time between failure mux multiplexer a switching device with multiple inputs that selectively connects one of its inputs to its output N NI IMAQ driver software for National Instruments IMAQ hardware noninterlaced a video frame where all the lines are scanned sequentially instead of divided into two frames as in an...

Page 93: ...nal PFI programmable function input PGIA programmable gain instrumentation amplifier picture aspect ratio the ratio of the active pixel region to the active line region for standard video signals like RS 170 or CCIR the full size picture aspect ratio normally is 4 3 1 33 pixel picture element the smallest division that makes up the video scan line for display on a computer monitor a pixel s optimu...

Page 94: ...d and processed at a later time region of interest a hardware programmable rectangular portion of the acquisition window relative accuracy a measure in LSB of the accuracy of an ADC it includes all nonlinearity and quantization errors but does not include offset and gain errors of the circuitry feeding the ADC resolution the smallest signal increment that can be detected by a measurement system re...

Page 95: ...lows the DMA controller to reconfigure on the fly SRAM static RAM StillColor a post processing algorithm that allows the acquisition of high quality color images generated either by an RGB or composite NTSC or PAL camera using a monochrome video acquisition board sync tells the display where to put a video picture the horizontal sync indicates the picture s left to right placement and the vertical...

Page 96: ... control signal used in a PLL to generate a stable pixel clock VI Virtual Instrument 1 a combination of hardware and or software elements typically used with a PC that has the functionality of a classic stand alone instrument 2 a LabVIEW software module VI which consists of a front panel user interface and a block diagram program video line a video line consists of a HSYNC back porch active pixel ...

Page 97: ...ruments Corporation Y YUV a representation of a color image used for the coding of NTSC or PAL video signals The luminance information is called Y while the chrominance information is represented by two components U and V representing the coordinates in a color plane ...

Page 98: ... BNC connector avoiding VIDEO0 connection with 25 pin DSUB connector note 4 1 pin assignments figure 4 1 signal connections 4 1 VIDEO0 input 2 3 board configuration See configuration Brightness IRE parameter StillColor dialog box 5 12 bulletin board support D 1 Burst Start and Burst Stop settings StillColor dialog box 5 13 C cables custom cable specifications C 1 optional equipment 1 6 required ca...

Page 99: ...e B 7 CompactPCI specifications 1 2 composite color video cameras color acquisition B 5 modulated signal B 1 monochrome video signal B 1 composite synchronization See CSYNC configuration 2 1 to 2 5 See also installation board configuration NVRAM 3 5 external CLK and synchronization input mode 2 4 parts locator diagram PCI 1408 2 2 PXI 1408 2 3 setting up IMAQ system 1 7 to 1 8 Switch S1 2 5 VIDEO0...

Page 100: ...D 1 functional overview 3 1 to 3 5 G Gain setting for camera 5 8 gain and offset circuitry programmable 3 2 genlock and synchronization circuitry 3 3 GND signal table 4 3 Grab button becoming Multi snap button in StillColor mode 5 22 testing configuration 5 22 valid only in monochrome mode note 5 22 H hardware overview 3 1 to 3 10 8 bit ADC and LUT 3 3 acquisition and region of interest control 3 ...

Page 101: ...2 StillColor Modes dialog boxes figure 5 2 StillColor settings 5 12 to 5 14 testing your configuration 5 22 to 5 23 installation See also configuration procedure for 2 5 to 2 7 setting up IMAQ system 1 7 to 1 8 unpacking the PCI 1408 1 7 intensity defined B 8 hue saturation luminance and intensity planes B 9 Interlace setting for camera 5 8 interlaced video 3 9 internal pixel clock specifications ...

Page 102: ...22 Signal Polarity 5 21 Slave Acquisition Mode 5 20 to 5 21 StillColor Mode 5 21 to 5 22 Composite 5 22 Disabled 5 21 RGB 5 21 P PAL color standard B 1 parts locator diagram PCI 1408 2 2 PXI 1408 2 3 PCI interface overview 3 5 specifications A 3 to A 4 PCI PXI 1408 devices See also hardware overview features and overview 1 1 to 1 2 optional equipment 1 6 requirements for getting started 1 3 settin...

Page 103: ...ization input mode 2 4 VIDEO0 input 2 3 to 2 4 RTSI bus 3 4 S S1 switch 2 5 saturation 32 bit HSL and HSI B 9 defined B 7 hue saturation luminance and intensity planes B 9 Saturation parameter StillColor dialog box 5 12 Scale parameter Operating Mode tab 5 22 scaling down circuitry 3 9 scatter gather DMA controllers 3 5 SECAM color standard B 1 Setup Correction value StillColor dialog box 5 14 Set...

Page 104: ...B 1 color standards B 1 color theory B 7 to B 9 image representations B 8 to B 9 white light and visible spectrum figure B 7 composite color video B 2 to B 5 acquisition methods B 5 advantages B 5 traditional color decoding B 2 to B 4 defined B 2 overview B 1 to B 2 RGB color acquisition B 6 Switch S1 2 5 Sync detect setting for camera 5 11 synchronization circuitry 3 3 synchronization input mode ...

Page 105: ...le 4 2 VIDEO 3 1 VSYNC acquisition window control 3 6 genlock and synchronization circuitry 3 3 PCLK HSYNC VSYNC mux 3 4 setting for camera 5 11 VSYNCIN W W1 jumper input mode control for VIDEO0 input 2 3 to 2 4 required for BNC input note 4 1 W3 jumper external CLK and synchronization input mode 2 4 X X Shift parameter StillColor dialog box 5 14 Z ZERO Start and Stop settings for camera 5 10 ...

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