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and records any packet loss. The results of the test are printed in the form of a statistical summary of the response
packets received, including the minimum, maximum, and the mean round-trip times, and sometimes the standard
deviation of the mean.
Port VLAN
Port-based VLANs are created by assigning ports to a VLAN.
QoS
QoS
（
Quality of Service
）
is the ability to provide different priority to different applications, users, or data flows, or
to guarantee a certain level of performance to a data flow. Delay sensitive applications such as real-time HD
streaming multimedia, voice over IP, online games and IPTV, which are often transferred on networks where the
capacity is a limited resource. Thus, a network should be able to provide a real time lag-free Internet experience.
Providing guaranteed quality of service now becomes the secret of success in end-to-end business network solution.
When configured properly, the QoS can help effectively manage network resources.
STP/RSTP/MSTP
The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is a network protocol that ensures a loop-free topology for any bridged Ethernet
local area network. The basic function of STP is to prevent bridge loops and the broadcast radiation that results
from them. Spanning tree also allows a network design to include spare (redundant) links to provide automatic
backup paths if an active link fails, without the danger of bridge loops, or the need for manual enabling/disabling of
these backup links. In 1998, the IEEE802.1w introduced Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP). RSTP provides
significantly faster spanning tree convergence after a topology change, introducing new convergence behaviors and
bridge port roles to do this. RSTP was designed to be backward compatible with standard STP. Standard
IEEE802.1D-2004 combines RSTP and STP while staying backward compatible with STP.
SNMP
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is a component of the Internet Protocol Suite for managing devices
on IP networks. The SNMP allows reverse network objects to join the network management architecture. It
monitors networks by analyzing Traps or notifications received on network management systems.
Tag Priority
Tag Priority is a 3-byte field in 802.1Q frame, which indicates priority level.
TCP
The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the two original components of the suite, complementing the
Internet Protocol (IP), and therefore the entire suite is commonly referred to as TCP/IP. TCP provides a
communication service at an intermediate level between an application program and the Internet Protocol (IP).
TELNET
Telnet is a network protocol used on the Internet or local area networks to provide a bidirectional interactive
Summary of Contents for G3224P
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