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litres is 12,375 / 5000 = 2,48 °d.
This means that the water in the installation must be softened
to a value of 2.48 °d or less. The following table shows the other
examples of maximum water hardness in °d.
In all cases, the maximum hardness of the water in the
installation must be less than 25°d.
2.12. WATER TREATMENT
• In the case of water softening by ion exchange, the mixed ion
exchange is preferred. Additional pH buffering should then be
provided.
• Avoid cation exchange with K+ or Na+. If cation exchange
with K+ or Na+ is used, pH control is required to limit the pH
variation over time.
• In the case of water softening by anion exchange, only
methods using sulphur (SO42-) as negative ion are allowed.
Ion exchange methods using Cl- or CO32- negative ions are
not allowed. If demineralization is used, a chemical additive
will be added for pH control.
• Never fill the system with distilled water, as this will seriously
corrode the aluminium heat exchanger.
• In order to limit the risk of corrosion, the water conductivity
should preferably be less than 100
μ
S/cm.
• The conductivity of untreated installation water should not
exceed 600
μ
S/cm.
• If the installation water is treated with one of the products
described below and according to the manufacturer's
instructions, the conductivity must not exceed 1500
μ
S/cm.
• If the conductivity is higher than the specified values, empty
the system and clean and fill with clean tap water according
to EN 14336, preferably with recommended cleaning
products.
• There are many products in the market claiming to clean and
protect the heating systems. Unfortunately, there are a few
products that have actually proved this in practice. For this
reason, Warmhaus only allows the following quality products
for water treatment;
Manufacturer: Fernox (www.fernox.com)
- Cleaner F3 : Removes corrosion, lime and sludge
- Protector F1 : Protects against corrosion, lime and sludge
- Alphi-11
: Prevents freezing and provides protection
against corrosion and lime
Manufacturer: Sentinel (www.sentinelprotects.com)
- X 100
: General inhibitor protection
- X 200
: Noise reduct
- X 300
: System cleaner for new installations
- X 400
: System renewing sludge cleaning for old
installations
- X 500
: Protective antifreeze and general protection
Manufacturer: Clariant (www.antifrogen.clariant.com)
Antifrogen-L : antifreeze (mono ethylene glycol)
(Note: Antifrogen-N is toxic, Antifrogen-L is
recommended)
Note that all these products must be used strictly in accordance
with the instructions of the water treatment manufacturers.
WE ALSO STRONGLY RECOMMEND THE
FOLLOWING:
• Use a register to fill, refill, completely fill water, water quality
measurements and water treatment.
• Use only non-diffusing material, especially for underfloor
heating.
• Always install air discharge devices at the highest point in the
installation.
• In order to avoid as much as possible of filling, refilling and
completely filling, place ball valves near the boiler on the
installation and in strategic locations (anticipating future
expansion of the system).
• Install a water meter to check the amount of filled, refilled, and
completely refilled water.
• Install a filter in return.
• In case of any doubt, install a plate heat exchanger to
hydraulically separate the boiler from the installation.
• Prevent leaks; If there is a leak, repair it as soon as possible.
We recommend that you add this description of the
preventive water treatment to your installation and operating
manual.
The above-mentioned water quality requirements apply to
aluminium heat exchangers.
The requirements of other parts in the installation are not taken
into account.
ABD Conversion:
1 litre
= 0,264 USA gallon
1 °dH
= 0,959 gpg
1 kW (NCV) = 3,792 MBTU/s (GCV)
1 litre/kW
= 0,0697 USA gallon/BTU/s
All information contained in the above descriptions is based on
reasonable research, but does not guarantee any end result.