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2.13 Fault Locator
2.13.1 Application
When the fault point is determined by measuring the impedance to it using local voltages and
currents, the measurement error is increased by the phase difference between the local and
remote currents flowing into the fault point. The error is also increased when the fault is beyond
the junction in a three-terminal line.
The fault locator incorporated in the GRL100 measures the distance to fault on the protected line
using local and remote voltages and currents. In principle, the measurement is free from the
errors that are inherent with the impedance measuring method mentioned above.
To measure the distance to fault, the fault locator requires minimum 2 cycles as fault duration
time.
The fault locator utilizes the remote voltage and current that are transmitted for the current
differential protection and out-of-step protection.
The measurement result is displayed as a percentage (%) of the line length and the distance (km)
and is displayed on the LCD on the relay front panel. It is also output to a local PC or RSM
(Relay Setting and Monitoring) system.
The measurement has a fixed error and a proportional error. The latter is proportional to the
current differential protection setting DIFI1 and inversely proportional to the differential current
Id. Thus, the lower the differential setting or the larger the fault current, the smaller the error is.
In the case of a two-terminal application, the nominal measurement error is within
±
1km when
the line length is shorter than 100km and
±
1% when it is longer than 100km under the conditions
that the DIFI1 setting is lower than 0.5
×
In (In: rated current) and the differential current is larger
than 2
×
In. In the case of a three-terminal application, the nominal measurement error is within
±
2km when the line length is shorter than 100km and
±
2% when it is longer than 100km under the
condition that the DIFI1 setting is lower than 0.25
×
In and the differential current is larger than
2
×
In.
This measurement requires local and remote voltages and currents, so it does not operate for a
switch-onto-fault or for a fault while the line is energized from one terminal and the other
terminal is out of service.
When one of the terminals is out of service in a three-terminal application, the fault between the
junction and the out-of-service terminal is located and displayed as being on the junction.
Fault location is enabled or disabled by setting "Fault locator" to "ON" or "OFF" on the "Fault
record" screen in the "Record" sub-menu.
Содержание GRL100-101A
Страница 8: ... 7 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 6 7 4 Resumption of Service 220 6 7 5 Storage 220 7 Putting Relay into Service 221 ...
Страница 223: ... 222 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 ...
Страница 228: ... 227 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 Appendix B Signal List ...
Страница 256: ... 255 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 Appendix C Variable Timer List ...
Страница 258: ... 257 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 Appendix D Binary Output Default Setting List ...
Страница 269: ... 268 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 ...
Страница 270: ... 269 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 Appendix E Details of Relay Menu ...
Страница 279: ... 278 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 ...
Страница 288: ... 287 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 Appendix G Typical External Connection ...
Страница 326: ... 325 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 Appendix J Return Repair Form ...
Страница 330: ... 329 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 Customer Name Company Name Address Telephone No Facsimile No Signature ...
Страница 331: ... 330 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 ...
Страница 332: ... 331 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 Appendix K Technical Data ...
Страница 343: ... 342 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 ...
Страница 344: ... 343 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 Appendix L Symbols Used in Scheme Logic ...
Страница 347: ... 346 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 ...
Страница 348: ... 347 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 Appendix M Multi phase Autoreclose ...
Страница 351: ... 350 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 ...
Страница 352: ... 351 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 Appendix N Data Transmission Format ...
Страница 358: ... 357 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 Appendix O Example of DIF and DIFG Setting ...
Страница 360: ... 359 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 Appendix P Programmable Reset Characteristics and Implementation of Thermal Model to IEC60255 8 ...
Страница 364: ... 363 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 Appendix Q IEC60870 5 103 Interoperability ...
Страница 377: ... 376 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 ...
Страница 378: ... 377 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 Appendix R Failed Module Tracing and Replacement ...
Страница 384: ... 383 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 Appendix S PLC Setting Sample ...
Страница 386: ... 385 6 F 2 S 0 8 3 5 Appendix T Ordering ...
Страница 392: ......