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This document is printed from SPI². Not for RESALE

SEBU8311-02

55

Maintenance Section

Re

fi

ll Capacities

•

“ASTM D975”, Grade 1D S15, and Grade 1D S500

•

“JP7 (MIL-T-38219)”

•

“NATO F63”

Note:

JP7 and NATO F63 can only be used if the

sulfur level meets the speci

fi

cations that are listed

in tables 37 and 38. An analysis of a sample of fuel

must be conducted in order to check the sulfur level.

Group 3 Speci

fi

cations (Aviation Fuels)

This group of fuel speci

fi

cation must be used only

with the appropriate fuel additive. This fuel WILL

reduce engine life and performance.

•

“NATO F34 (MIL-DTL-83133E)”

•

“NATO F35 (MIL-DTL-83133E)”

•

“NATO JP8 (MIL-DTL-83133E)”

•

“NATO F-44 (MIL-DTL-5624U)”

•

“NATO JP5 (MIL-DTL-5624U)”

•

“Jet A (ASTM D1655)”

•

“Jet A1 (ASTM D1655)”

Note:

All the above fuels can ONLY be used if the

sulfur level meets the speci

fi

cations that are listed

in tables 37 and 38. An analysis of a sample of fuel

must be conducted in order to check the sulfur level.

Note:

These fuels are only acceptable provided

that these fuels are used with an appropriate fuel

additive. These fuels must meet the requirements

that are stated in tables 36, 37 and 38. Fuel samples

should be analyzed for the compliance. These fuels

MUST NOT exceed lubricity wear scar diameter of

0.46 mm (0.0181 inch). The fuel lubricity test must be

performed on a HFRR, operated at 60 °C (140 °F).

Refer to “ISO 12156-1 ”. Fuels must have minimum

viscosity of 1.4 centistokes that is delivered to the fuel

injection pump. Fuel cooling may be required in order

to maintain minimum viscosity of 1.4 centistokes that

is delivered to the fuel injection pump.

Group 4 Biodiesel

Biodiesel is a fuel that can be de

fi

ned as mono-alkyl

esters of fatty acids. Biodiesel is a fuel that can

be made from a variety of feedstock. The most

commonly available biodiesel in europe is Rape

Methyl Ester (REM). This biodiesel is derived from

rapeseed oil. Soy Methyl Ester (SME) is the most

common biodiesel in the United States. This biodiesel

is derived from soybean oil. Soybean oil or rapeseed

oil are the primary feedstocks. These fuels are

together known as Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME).

Raw pressed vegetable oils are NOT acceptable for

use as a fuel in any concentration in compression

engines. Without esteri

fi

cation, these oils gel in the

crankcase and the fuel tank. These fuels may not be

compatible with many of the elastomers that are used

in engines that are manufactured today. In original

forms, these oils are not suitable for use as a fuel

in compression engines. Alternate base stocks for

biodiesel may include animal tallow, waste cooking

oils, or a variety of other feedstocks. In order to use

any of the products that are listed as fuel, the oil

must be esteri

fi

ed.

Note:

Engines that are manufactured by Perkins

are certi

fi

ed by use of the prescribed Environmental

Protection Agency (EPA) and European Certi

fi

cation

fuels. Perkins does not certify engines on any other

fuel. The user of the engine has the responsibility

of using the correct fuel that is recommended by

the manufacturer and allowed by the EPA and other

appropriate regulatory agencies.

Recommendation for the use of biodiesel

The neat biodiesel must conform to “EN14214”

or “ASTM D675” regulations. A maximum of 10%

mixture of biodiesel can be used in mineral diesel fuel.

The mineral diesel fuel must conform to “EN590”,

“ASTM D975” or “BS2869 Grade A2” regulations.

In North America, biodiesel and mixtures of biodiesel

must be purchased from the BQ9000 authorized

manufacturers and BQ9000 certi

fi

ed distributors.

In other areas of the world, the use of biodiesel that is

authorized and certi

fi

ed by an appropriate biodiesel

quality body is required.

Note:

When biodiesel, or any blend of biodiesel is

used, the user has the responsibility for obtaining the

proper local exemptions, regional exemptions, and/or

national exemptions that are required for the use

of biodiesel in any Perkins engine that is regulated

by emissions standards. Biodiesel that meets

“EN14214” is acceptable. The biodiesel must be

blended with an acceptable distillate diesel fuel at the

maximum stated percentages. However, the following

operational recommendations must be followed:

Содержание 402D

Страница 1: ...nted from SPI Not for RESALE SEBU8311 02 January 2010 Operation and Maintenance Manual 402D 403D 404D Industrial Engine GG Engine GH Engine GJ Engine GK Engine GL Engine GM Engine GN Engine GP Engine...

Страница 2: ...at appears under the warning explains the hazard and can be either written or pictorially presented Operations that may cause product damage are identified by NOTICE labels on the product and in this...

Страница 3: ...Engine 11 Engine Starting 11 Engine Stopping 11 Electrical System 12 Product Information Section Model Views 13 Product Identification Information 23 Operation Section Lifting and Storage 25 Gauges a...

Страница 4: ...Items in the maintenance schedule are referenced to detailed instructions that follow Recommended service should be performed at the appropriate intervals as indicated in the Maintenance Interval Sch...

Страница 5: ...oline or harsh chemicals could loosen the adhesive that secures the warning signs The warning signs that are loosened could drop off of the engine Replace any warning sign that is damaged or missing I...

Страница 6: ...from SPI Not for RESALE 6 SEBU8311 02 Safety Section Safety Messages g01324126 Illustration 2 A Location of warning label 1 402D 05 2 403D 07 3 403D 11 4 403D 15 403D 15T and 403D 17 5 404D 15 6 404D...

Страница 7: ...erform maintenance on the engine with the equipment in the servicing position Refer to the OEM information for the procedure for placing the equipment in the servicing position Pressure Air and Water...

Страница 8: ...essure in the air system in the hydraulic system in the lubrication system in the fuel system or in the cooling system before any lines fittings or related items are disconnected Coolant When the engi...

Страница 9: ...ame Exhaust shields if equipped protect hot exhaust components from oil or fuel spray in case of a line a tube or a seal failure Exhaust shields must be installed correctly Do not weld on lines or tan...

Страница 10: ...n cause fires Consult your Perkins dealer or your Perkins distributor for repair or for replacement parts Check lines tubes and hoses carefully Do not use your bare hand to check for leaks Use a board...

Страница 11: ...l protective covers must be installed if the engine must be started in order to perform service procedures To help prevent an accident that is caused by parts in rotation work around the parts careful...

Страница 12: ...heck the electrical wires daily for wires that are loose or frayed Tighten all loose electrical wires before the engine is started Repair all frayed electrical wires before the engine is started See t...

Страница 13: ...ews i02590436 Model View Illustrations The following model views show typical features of the 400 series engines Due to individual applications your engine may appear different from the illustrations...

Страница 14: ...This document is printed from SPI Not for RESALE 14 SEBU8311 02 Product Information Section Model Views g01300431 Illustration 10 Typical view of the 403D 15T engine...

Страница 15: ...on 11 Front and right side view of the 404D 22T Engine 1 Fuel shutoff solenoid 2 Number one fuel injector 3 Water pump 4 Lower engine oil filler cap 5 Throttle lever 6 Cover plate for the accessory dr...

Страница 16: ...ontrolled with a mechanically actuated fuel injection pump The engine cylinders are arranged in line The cylinder head assembly has one inlet valve and one exhaust valve for each cylinder Each cylinde...

Страница 17: ...that control the engine rpm Some fuel injection pumps have a governor that is electrically controlled A gerotor oil pump is located in the center of the idler gear The engine oil pump sends lubricatin...

Страница 18: ...l Counterclockwise Valve Lash Setting Inlet 0 20 mm 0 008 inch Valve Lash Setting Exhaust 0 20 mm 0 008 inch Injection Indirect 1 Naturally Aspirated 403D 07 Engine g00852304 Illustration 14 A Exhaust...

Страница 19: ...el Counterclockwise Valve Lash Setting Inlet 0 20 mm 0 008 inch Valve Lash Setting Exhaust 0 20 mm 0 008 inch Injection Indirect 1 Naturally Aspirated 403D 15 Engine g00852304 Illustration 16 A Exhaus...

Страница 20: ...flywheel Counterclockwise Valve Lash Setting Inlet 0 20 mm 0 008 inch Valve Lash Setting Exhaust 0 20 mm 0 008 inch Injection Indirect 1 Turbocharged 403D 17 Engine g00852304 Illustration 18 A Exhaust...

Страница 21: ...Counterclockwise Valve Lash Setting Inlet 0 20 mm 0 008 inch Valve Lash Setting Exhaust 0 20 mm 0 008 inch Injection Indirect 1 Naturally Aspirated 404D 22 Engine g00296424 Illustration 20 A Exhaust...

Страница 22: ...el Counterclockwise Valve Lash Setting Inlet 0 20 mm 0 008 inch Valve Lash Setting Exhaust 0 20 mm 0 008 inch Injection Indirect 1 Turbocharged 404D 22TA Engine g00296424 Illustration 22 A Exhaust val...

Страница 23: ...Number Plate is located above the fuel injection pump on the right side of the cylinder block The following information is stamped on the Serial Number Plate Engine serial number Model and Arrangement...

Страница 24: ...ne Refer to illustration 25 The equipment manufacturer must install the label to the equipment This is recommended by Perkins Shibaura Engines Limited The label must be attached to the equipment near...

Страница 25: ...s distributor for information regarding fixtures for correct engine lifting i02593735 Engine Storage If the engine will not be started for several weeks the lubricating oil will drain from the cylinde...

Страница 26: ...e the drain plug 1 from the side of the cylinder block in order to drain the engine Ensure that the drain hole is not restricted 4 Open the tap or remove the drain plug at the bottom of the radiator i...

Страница 27: ...811 POWERPART Lay Up 2 around the rocker shaft assembly Replace the filler cap or the valve mechanism cover Seal the vent of the fuel tank or the fuel filler cap with waterproof tape Remove the altern...

Страница 28: ...t Temperature Typical temperature range is 71 to 96 C 160 to 205 F The maximum allowable temperature with the pressurized cooling system at 90 kPa 13 psi is 110 C 230 F Higher temperatures may occur u...

Страница 29: ...hutoff The fuel shutoff solenoid is located on the fuel injection pump When the fuel shutoff solenoid is activated the solenoid moves the fuel rack to the OFF position g01305771 Illustration 28 1 Fuel...

Страница 30: ...ins products of combustion which may be harmful to your health Always start and operate the engine in a well ventilated area and if in an enclosed area vent the exhaust to the outside Do not start the...

Страница 31: ...rting motor to cool Then repeat steps 2 through step 5 7 Turn the engine start switch to the OFF position in order to stop the engine i02177935 Starting with Jump Start Cables Improper jump start cabl...

Страница 32: ...rechargeable Refer to Operation and Maintenance Manual Battery Replace and Testing and Adjusting Manual Battery Test i01903609 After Starting Engine Note In temperatures from 0 to 60 C 32 to 140 F th...

Страница 33: ...e fuel economy Perkins design and technology in manufacturing provides maximum fuel efficiency in all applications Follow the recommended procedures in order to attain optimum performance for the life...

Страница 34: ...cy stop button refer to the OEM information Ensure that any components for the external system that support the engine operation are secured after the engine is stopped i03756631 After Stopping Engine...

Страница 35: ...ose heat immediately upon shutdown This means that an engine can be shut down for a period of time and the engine can still have the ability to start readily Install the correct specification of engin...

Страница 36: ...ted in order to warm up completely the carbon deposits become thicker This can cause the following problems Free operation of the valves is prevented Valves become stuck Pushrods may become bent Other...

Страница 37: ...the engine s maximum power and the engine s fuel efficiency When Group 2 diesel fuels are used the following components provide a means of minimizing problems in cold weather Glow plugs if equipped E...

Страница 38: ...storage tank and into the engine fuel tank Fuel Filters It is possible that a primary fuel filter is installed between the fuel tank and the engine fuel inlet After you change the fuel filter always p...

Страница 39: ...filters will require additional oil Refer to the OEM specifications for the capacity of the auxiliary oil filter 2 The Total Lubrication System includes the capacity for the Crankcase Oil Sump plus th...

Страница 40: ...mpartment or System Minimum Maximum Crankcase Oil Sump 1 8 9 L 9 4 qt 10 6 L 11 2 qt Total Lubrication System 2 1 More than one style of sump may be used on these engines Use these values to estimate...

Страница 41: ...System in this row 2 The Total Cooling System capacity includes the capacity of the Engine plus the External System Enter the value for the capacity of the Total Cooling System in this row 404D 15 Eng...

Страница 42: ...that operate at various conditions Only use commercial oils that meet the following classifications EMA DHD 1 multigrade oil preferred oil API CH 4 multigrade oil preferred oil ACEAE5 In order to mak...

Страница 43: ...on deposit for engines that use aluminum pistons single piece Oil performance is also established for engines that operate in areas with high sulfur diesel fuel All of these improvements allow the API...

Страница 44: ...f the oil change intervals for any type of oil Re refined Base Stock Oils Re refined base stock oils are acceptable for use in Perkins engines if these oils meet the performance requirements that are...

Страница 45: ...e engines may be equipped with an oil sampling valve If oil analysis is required the oil sampling valve is used to obtain samples of the engine oil The oil analysis will complement the preventive main...

Страница 46: ...erty Maximum Limit Chloride Cl 40 mg L Sulfate SO4 100 mg L Total Hardness 170 mg L Total Solids 340 mg L Acidity pH of 5 5 to 9 0 For a water analysis consult one of the following sources Local water...

Страница 47: ...tment with an SCA at the initial fill Read the label or the instructions that are provided by the OEM of the product In stationary engine applications and marine engine applications that do not requir...

Страница 48: ...illed operate the engine until the coolant level reaches the normal operating temperature and until the coolant level stabilizes As needed add the coolant mixture in order to fill the system to the sp...

Страница 49: ...ifreeze glycol concentration in order to ensure adequate protection against boiling or freezing Perkins recommends the use of a refractometer for checking the glycol concentration Perkins engine cooli...

Страница 50: ...nt is contaminated or whenever the coolant is foaming i02959101 Fluid Recommendations Fuel Specification Glossary ISO International Standards Organization ASTM American Society for Testing and Materia...

Страница 51: ...5 Distillation C 10 at 282 C 539 6 F maximum 90 at 360 C 680 F maximum D86 ISO 3405 Flash Point C legal limit D93 ISO 2719 Thermal Stability Minimum of 80 reflectance after aging for 180 minutes at 15...

Страница 52: ...FRR test If the lubricity of a fuel does not meet the minimum requirements consult your fuel supplier Do not treat the fuel without consulting the fuel supplier Some additives are not compatible These...

Страница 53: ...of less than 4000 ppm Table 38 Territory Fuel Requirements from 2010 EPA Ultra Low Sulfur 15 ppm maximum Sulfur Power Ultra Low sulphur 10 ppm maximum for less than or equal to 37 kW Low sulphur 300...

Страница 54: ...mbustion Classification of the Fuels Diesel engines have the ability to burn a wide variety of fuels These fuels are divided into four general groups Ref to table 39 Table 39 Fuel Groups Classificatio...

Страница 55: ...oil Soybean oil or rapeseed oil are the primary feedstocks These fuels are together known as Fatty Acid Methyl Esters FAME Raw pressed vegetable oils are NOT acceptable for use as a fuel in any conce...

Страница 56: ...the user is prepared to accept some risk then limit biodiesel to a maximum of B5 Examples of applications that should limit the use of biodiesel are the following Standby Generator sets and certain em...

Страница 57: ...commended This is due to potential damage to the fuel system or the engine Your fuel supplier or the fuel manufacturer will add the appropriate supplemental diesel fuel additives Perkins recognizes th...

Страница 58: ...asks 1 Stop the engine 2 Wait for ten minutes Do not loosen the high pressure fuel lines in order to remove air pressure from the fuel system Engine Oil To relieve pressure from the lubricating system...

Страница 59: ...any of the ECM pins g01143634 Illustration 31 4 Connect the welding ground cable directly to the part that will be welded Place the ground cable as close as possible to the weld in order to reduce th...

Страница 60: ...Every 500 Service Hours Fuel System Filter Replace 83 Every 500 Service Hours or 1 Year Battery Electrolyte Level Check 64 Cooling System Supplemental Coolant Additive SCA Test Add 69 Engine Air Clea...

Страница 61: ...re thoroughly with clean water 8 Dry the core with compressed air Direct the air in the reverse direction of the normal flow 9 Inspect the core in order to ensure cleanliness Pressure test the core If...

Страница 62: ...an Belts Inspect Adjust Inspection To maximize the engine performance inspect the belts for wear and for cracking Replace belts that are worn or damaged For applications that require multiple drive be...

Страница 63: ...or death Ensure proper ventilation for batteries that are in an enclosure Follow the proper procedures in or der to help prevent electrical arcs and or sparks near batteries Do not smoke when batteri...

Страница 64: ...1 L 1 qt of clean water Use a solution of ammonium hydroxide Thoroughly rinse the battery case with clean water i02323088 Battery or Battery Cable Disconnect The battery cables or the batteries should...

Страница 65: ...the water pump the water temperature regulator and the hoses if necessary Drain Pressurized System Hot coolant can cause seri ous burns To open the cooling system filler cap stop the engine and wait...

Страница 66: ...system filler cap Inspect the gasket that is on the cooling system filler cap If the gasket that is on the cooling system filler cap is damaged discard the old cooling system filler cap and install a...

Страница 67: ...5 L 1 3 US gal per minute to avoid air locks Cooling system air locks may result in engine damage 3 Fill the cooling system with clean water Install the cooling system filler cap 4 Start and run the e...

Страница 68: ...his will allow you to accurately check the coolant level This will also help in avoiding the risk of introducing an air lock into the coolant system 1 Observe the coolant level in the coolant recovery...

Страница 69: ...Necessary NOTICE Do not exceed the recommended amount of sup plemental coolant additive concentration Excessive supplemental coolant additive concentration can form deposits on the higher temperature...

Страница 70: ...er NOTICE Failure to replace your water temperature regulator on a regularly scheduled basis could cause severe engine damage Perkins engines incorporate a shunt design cooling system and require oper...

Страница 71: ...orrect air cleaner element Check the precleaner if equipped daily for accumulation of dirt and debris Remove any dirt and debris as needed Operating conditions dust dirt and debris may require more fr...

Страница 72: ...the element is properly cleaned and inspected When the primary air cleaner element is cleaned check for rips or tears in the filter material The primary air cleaner element should be replaced at least...

Страница 73: ...er element with damaged pleats gaskets or seals Discard damaged primary air cleaner elements Storing Primary Air Cleaner Elements If a primary air cleaner element that passes inspection will not be us...

Страница 74: ...The air cleaner element should be cleaned or the air cleaner element should be replaced when one of the following conditions occur The yellow diaphragm enters the red zone The red piston locks in the...

Страница 75: ...damage may occur if the breather assembly is not working correctly 5 For turbocharged engines install a new joint 6 and the spacer 5 6 Install a new diaphragm and plate 4 for the breather assembly int...

Страница 76: ...Drain the crankcase with the oil warm This draining method allows the waste particles that are suspended in the oil to be drained correctly Failure to follow this recommended procedure will cause the...

Страница 77: ...ap Refer to the Operation and Maintenance Manual for more information on lubricant specifications Fill the crankcase with the correct amount of oil Refer to the Operation and Maintenance Manual for mo...

Страница 78: ...he test fluid can pierce the skin and cause serious injury to the operator Always keep the tip of the fuel injection nozzle pointed away from the operator and into the fuel collector and extension NOT...

Страница 79: ...com ponent containing fluids Dispose of all fluids according to local regulations and mandates Use the following procedure in order to prime the fuel system If air enters the fuel system the air must...

Страница 80: ...Priming the system Ensure that the air is removed from the primary filter Loosen vent screws 1 Refer to illustration 49 Operate the priming pump When fuel free from air flows from the vent screw tight...

Страница 81: ...ectrical priming pump 9 Fuel transfer pump g01304597 Illustration 54 10 Connector bolt 11 Fuel return line 12 Connector bolt Hand Priming Pump 6 In order to identify the hand priming pump refer to ill...

Страница 82: ...ctrical priming pump refer to illustration 53 1 Ensure that fuel valve 2 for the fuel filter that has an element is in the ON position Refer to illustration 50 2 Loosen vent screw 3 4 or 5 on the fuel...

Страница 83: ...suitable cover over discon nected fuel system component NOTICE Care must be taken to ensure that fluids are contained during performance of inspection maintenance test ing adjusting and repair of the...

Страница 84: ...is drained into a suitable container g01334895 Illustration 58 Typical example Note Do not fill the fuel filter with fuel The fuel will not be filtered and the fuel could be contaminated Contaminated...

Страница 85: ...Prime i02627223 Fuel System Primary Filter Water Separator Drain Fuel leaked or spilled onto hot surfaces or elec trical components can cause a fire To help pre vent possible injury turn the start swi...

Страница 86: ...fuel tank after operating the engine in order to drive out moist air This will help prevent condensation Do not fill the tank to the top The fuel expands as the fuel gets warm The tank may overflow So...

Страница 87: ...system and the hoses for the coolant system Pressurized System Hot coolant can cause seri ous burns To open the cooling system filler cap stop the engine and wait until the cooling system components a...

Страница 88: ...idle This will help in the removal of debris and the drying of the core Slowly reduce the engine speed to low idle and then stop the engine Use a light bulb behind the core in order to inspect the cor...

Страница 89: ...and clean the electrical connections Refer to the Systems Operation Testing and Adjusting Manual Electric Starting System Test for more information on the checking procedure and for specifications or...

Страница 90: ...oil leaks or coolant leaks loose bolts worn belts loose connections and trash buildup Make repairs as needed The guards must be in the correct place Repair damaged guards or replace missing guards Wip...

Страница 91: ...st the current drain of the starting motor Check the condition and the electrolyte level of the batteries unless the engine is equipped with a maintenance free battery Check the condition of the gauge...

Страница 92: ...y be certified to comply with exhaust emission standards and gaseous emission standards that are prescribed by the law at the time of manufacture and this engine may be covered by an Emissions Warrant...

Страница 93: ...Equipment Check 70 E Electrical System 12 Grounding Practices 12 Emergency Stopping 34 Emissions Certification Film 24 Emissions Warranty Information 92 Engine Clean 70 Engine Air Cleaner Element Dual...

Страница 94: ...tration 7 Pressure Air and Water 7 H Hoses and Clamps Inspect Replace 86 Replace the Hoses and the Clamps 87 I Important Safety Information 2 L Lifting and Storage 25 M Maintenance Interval Schedule 6...

Страница 95: ...This document is printed from SPI Not for RESALE SEBU8311 02 95 Index Section Warranty Section 92 Water Pump Inspect 91 Welding on Engines with Electronic Controls 58...

Страница 96: ...This document is printed from SPI Not for RESALE 96 SEBU8311 02 Index Section...

Страница 97: ...on in the Operation and Maintenance Manual Delivery Date Product Information Model Product Identification Number Engine Serial Number Transmission Serial Number Generator Serial Number Attachment Seri...

Страница 98: ...This document is printed from SPI Not for RESALE 2010 Perkins Engines Company Limited All Rights Reserved Printed in U K...

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