Perkins 402D, Руководство по эксплуатации и обслуживанию, Страница: 44 / 98

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44 SEBU8311-02
Maintenance Section
Re fi ll Capacities
Table 25
Percentage of Sulfur in
the fuel Oil change interval
Lower than 0.5 Normal
0.5 to 1.0 0.75 of normal
Greater than 1.0 0.50 of normal
Lubricant Viscosity Recommendations
The correct SAE viscosity grade of oil is determined
by the minimum ambient temperature during
cold engine start-up, and the maximum ambient
temperature during engine operation.
Refer to Table 26 (minimum temperature) in order
to determine the required oil viscosity for starting a
cold engine.
Refer to Table 26 (maximum temperature) in order
to select the oil viscosity for engine operation at the
highest ambient temperature that is anticipated.
Generally, use the highest oil viscosity that is
available to meet the requirement for the temperature
at start-up.
Table 26
Engine Oil Viscosity
Ambient Temperature EMA LRG-1
API CH-4
Viscosity Grade
Minimum Maximum
SAE 0W20 − 40 °C ( − 40 °F) 10 °C (50 °F)
SAE 0W30 − 40 °C ( − 40 °F) 30 °C (86 °F)
SAE 0W40 − 40 °C ( − 40 °F) 40 °C (104 °F)
SAE 5W30 − 30 °C ( − 22 °F) 30 °C (86 °F)
SAE 5W40 − 30 °C ( − 22 °F) 40 °C (104 °F)
SAE 10W30 − 20 °C ( − 4 °F) 40 °C (104 °F)
SAE 15W40 − 10 °C (14 °F) 50 °C (122 °F)
Synthetic Base Stock Oils
Synthetic base oils are acceptable for use in
these engines if these oils meet the performance
requirements that are speci fi ed for the engine.
Synthetic base oils generally perform better than
conventional oils in the following two areas:
•
Synthetic base oils have improved fl ow at low
temperatures especially in arctic conditions.
• Synthetic base oils have improved oxidation
stability especially at high operating temperatures.
Some synthetic base oils have performance
characteristics that enhance the service life of the
oil. Perkins does not recommend the automatic
extending of the oil change intervals for any type of
oil.
Re-re fi ned Base Stock Oils
Re-re fi ned base stock oils are acceptable for
use in Perkins engines if these oils meet the
performance requirements that are speci fi ed by
Perkins. Re-re fi ned base stock oils can be used
exclusively in
fi nished oil or in a combination with
new base stock oils. The US military speci fi cations
and the speci fi cations of other heavy equipment
manufacturers also allow the use of re-re fi ned base
stock oils that meet the same criteria.
The process that is used to make re-re
fi ned base
stock oil should adequately remove all wear metals
that are in the used oil and all the additives that
are in the used oil. The process that is used to
make re-re fi ned base stock oil generally involves the
process of vacuum distillation and hydrotreating the
used oil. Filtering is adequate for the production of
high quality, re-re fi ned base stock oil.
Lubricants for Cold Weather
When an engine is started and an engine is operated
in ambient temperatures below − 20 °C ( − 4 °F), use
multigrade oils that are capable of fl owing in low
temperatures.
These oils have lubricant viscosity grades of SAE
0W or SAE 5W.
When an engine is started and operated in ambient
temperatures below − 30 °C ( − 22 °F), use a synthetic
base stock multigrade oil with an 0W viscosity grade
or with a 5W viscosity grade. Use an oil with a pour
point that is lower than − 50 °C ( − 58 °F).
The number of acceptable lubricants is limited in
cold weather conditions. Perkins recommends the
following lubricants for use in cold weather conditions:
First Choice – Use oil with an EMA DHD-1
Recommended Guideline. Use a CH-4 oil that has
an API license. The oil should be either SAE 0W20,
SAE 0W30, SAE 0W40, SAE 5W30, or SAE 5W40
lubricant viscosity grade.
Second Choice – Use an oil that has a CH-4
additive package. Although the oil has not been
tested for the requirements of the API license, the oil
must be either SAE 0W20, SAE 0W30, SAE 0W40,
SAE 5W30, or SAE 5W40.