This document is printed from SPI². Not for RESALE
42
SEBU8311-02
Maintenance Section
Re
fi
ll Capacities
API Oils
The Engine Oil Licensing and Certi
fi
cation System by
the American Petroleum Institute (API) is recognized
by Perkins. For detailed information about this
system, see the latest edition of the “API publication
No. 1509”. Engine oils that bear the API symbol are
authorized by API.
g00546535
Illustration 29
Typical API symbol
Diesel engine oils CC, CD, CD-2, and CE have
not been API authorized classi
fi
cations since 1
January 1996. Table 24 summarizes the status of
the classi
fi
cations.
Table 24
API Classi
fi
cations
Current
Obsolete
CF-4, CG-4, CH-4
CE
CF
CC, CD
CF-2
(1)
CD-2
(1)
(1)
The classi
fi
cations CD-2 and American Petroleum Institute
CF-2 are for two-cycle diesel engines. Perkins does not sell
engines that utilize CD-2 and API CF-2 oils.
Terminology
Certain abbreviations follow the nomenclature of
“SAE J754”. Some classi
fi
cations follow “SAE J183”
abbreviations, and some classi
fi
cations follow the
“EMA Recommended Guideline on Diesel Engine
Oil”. In addition to Perkins de
fi
nitions, there are other
de
fi
nitions that will be of assistance in purchasing
lubricants. Recommended oil viscosities can be found
in this publication, “Fluid Recommendations/Engine
Oil” topic (Maintenance Section).
Engine Oil
Commercial Oils
The performance of commercial diesel engine
oils is based on American Petroleum Institute
(API) classi
fi
cations. These API classi
fi
cations are
developed in order to provide commercial lubricants
for a broad range of diesel engines that operate at
various conditions.
Only use commercial oils that meet the following
classi
fi
cations:
•
EMA DHD-1 multigrade oil (preferred oil)
•
API CH-4 multigrade oil (preferred oil)
•
ACEAE5
In order to make the correct choice of a commercial
oil, refer to the following explanations:
EMA DHD-1 –
The Engine Manufacturers
Association (EMA) has developed lubricant
recommendations as an alternative to the API oil
classi
fi
cation system. DHD-1 is a Recommended
Guideline that de
fi
nes a level of oil performance for
these types of diesel engines: high speed, four stroke
cycle, heavy-duty, and light duty. DHD-1 oils may
be used in Perkins engines when the following oils
are recommended: API CH-4, API CG-4, and API
CF-4. DHD-1 oils are intended to provide superior
performance in comparison to API CG-4 and API
CF-4.
DHD-1 oils will meet the needs of high performance
Perkins diesel engines that are operating in many
applications. The tests and the test limits that are
used to de
fi
ne DHD-1 are similar to the new API
CH-4 classi
fi
cation. Therefore, these oils will also
meet the requirements for diesel engines that require
low emissions. DHD-1 oils are designed to control the
harmful effects of soot with improved wear resistance
and improved resistance to plugging of the oil
fi
lter.
These oils will also provide superior control of piston
deposits for engines with either two-piece steel
pistons or aluminum pistons.
All DHD-1 oils must complete a full test program
with the base stock and with the viscosity grade of
the
fi
nished commercial oil. The use of “API Base
Oil Interchange Guidelines” are not appropriate for
DHD-1 oils. This feature reduces the variation in
performance that can occur when base stocks are
changed in commercial oil formulations.