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Selecting the Correct Router Bit
There are five basic types of router bits: straight, up shear, down shear,
combination (also called compression) and form tools (round over, ogee,
etc.). Each type of bit has a specific application for use.
Straight Router Bits
These are the standard router bits that are commonly used with handheld
routers and are readily available at home centers. They will work but will
generally not produce the edge finishes that are available with the spiral
designed router bits.
Up Shear Router Bits
These bits have flutes that are spiraled upward (a standard twist drill is an
example of this type of bit). This bit design removes the chips from the kerf
but has a tendency to chip the top surface, especially on veneers or
melamine surfaces.
Ball Nose Router Bits are a variation of the up shear bit design but have
radiuses on the ends. These bits are typically used for 3D surfacing
applications.
Down Shear Router Bits
These bits are similar to the up shear but with an opposite spiral that actually
tends to pack the chips into the kerf. These bits prevent chipping the material
surface, especially with veneers or melamine surfaces, and are an excellent
choice for machining dadoes and other joinery that do not extend completely
through the material.