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GRT Avionics Mini-X EFIS, Инструкция по установке и эксплуатации

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Revision A9                                                                                                                                                                         9

GRT Avionics                                                                                                      Mini-X Installation, Setup & User Manual

1.4  AHRS Specifications and Limitations

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Maximum Angular Rate: 250 deg/sec

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Maximum G-Limit : 4G for unlimited time, 10G  for up to 20 seconds. G-limit affects accuracy of
the readout, but exceeding it will not damage the instrument.

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Ambient Temperature Range for full accuracy: -10°F to +150°F

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Airspeed Range : 30-335 mph IAS (stock AHRS) or 50-600 mph IAS (High-Airspeed version)

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Altimeter Range : -2000 to +40,000 feet

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Magnetometer Type:  Internal (Mini-B and stock Mini-X) or External remote (Mini-AP and optional
for Mini-X). When the External magnetometer is installed, it overrides the Internal, which is then
used only in the unlikely event of failure of the remote unit.

1.4.1  Mini-X AHRS and Loss of GPS Data

Normal Operation

Attitude data will be full accuracy when valid external magnetometer data or GPS ground track

data  is available. If no valid external magnetometer is available, and the GPS ground track data is
lost (because the airplane is moving less than 4 mph, or the GPS is not able to provide position
data), and the AHRS will attempt to use its internal magnetometer. If the internal magnetometer
is too inaccurate due to magnetic disturbances near the instrument, the ground track display on
the PFD screen will show dashes.  The AHRS will provide full accuracy attitude information for at
least 5 minutes.

CAUTION: 

If the EFIS is unable to provide any heading or track data  (the heading/ground track

display on the PFD screen is shown as dashes) for extended periods of time (more than 5 minutes)
the attitude data could become less accurate.

Содержание Mini-X EFIS

Страница 1: ...Mini X EFIS Installation Setup and User Manual Revision A9 14 January 2020...

Страница 2: ...Mini X Installation Setup User Manual GRT Avionics Revision A9 2 3133 Madison Ave SE Wyoming MI 49548 616 245 7700 www grtavionics com Copyright 2014...

Страница 3: ...image of North Up map presentation with compass rose Section 6 4 Added information about the Synthetic Approach Section 7 4 A4 29 Aug 2014 1d Fixed typographical errors in Section 4 6 and 4 7 A5 11 Fe...

Страница 4: ...r upgrade must be accompanied by a Service Request Form downloadable from the GRT website Support section Satisfaction Guarantee If for any reason you are unhappy with your GRT product you may return...

Страница 5: ...ctor Definition 15 2 2 General Wiring Guidelines 17 2 3 Power Connections 17 2 4 Autopilot Source Switch Optional 18 2 5 Magnetometer Wiring Optional Recommended 18 2 6 Inter Display Communication 19...

Страница 6: ...timeter Calibration 32 4 9 Full Altimeter Calibration Using Air Data Test Set 33 4 10 Airspeed and Wind Calibration 35 4 11 Angle of Attack AOA Installation and Calibration 37 5 1 Primary Flight Displ...

Страница 7: ...8 7 1 GPS CDI Bar 59 7 2 Flight Planning with the Mini 59 7 3 Airport Facilities Information Radio Tuning 65 7 4 Synthetic Approach SAP 66 8 1 Autopilot 68 8 2 Trig TT22 Transponder 69 8 3 Graphical E...

Страница 8: ...ferences for Installation In addition to basic mechanical hand tools a D sub pin crimper is required in most installations A basic 4 way indent crimper is available from SteinAir for less than 35 We s...

Страница 9: ...of the remote unit 1 4 1 Mini X AHRS and Loss of GPS Data Normal Operation Attitude data will be full accuracy when valid external magnetometer data or GPS ground track data is available If no valid e...

Страница 10: ...RT Avionics Revision A9 10 Figure 1 1 Mini Dimensional Drawing all models GRT Mini 01 Mar 2014 Notes Cutout dimensions 4 15 x 3 30 Unit is centered within the cutout Mounting screws are 4 Mounting bol...

Страница 11: ...are displayed between button presses refer to Section 4 3 General Preferences for more information 1 5 1 Overview of Pages Softkeys The Mini X has a Primary Flight Display page a Flight Plan entry pag...

Страница 12: ...igation Source Synthetic Vision Display Options Settings Main Menu Turn to adjust Altimeter Setting Press for Autopilot PFD Level 3 Softkeys typical Error or Warning Details Manually Record or Play De...

Страница 13: ...views HSI Screen Dimmer or Trans ponder Turn to adjust map range Press once for Heading Bug Press again for Map Selection Tool cursor and Nearest selection softkeys Map Level 2 Softkeys typical Choos...

Страница 14: ...ug Press again for Map Selection Tool cursor and Nearest selection softkeys Error or Warning Details More items Turn to adjust map range Press once for Heading Bug Press again for Map Selection Tool c...

Страница 15: ...titude calculations when the Mini does not have a serial connection to a working GRT Horizon or Sport EFIS display unit Use Trig TT22 A and B connections for control and encoder information for the TT...

Страница 16: ...Mini X Installation Setup User Manual GRT Avionics Revision A9 16 GPS Antenna Mini USB Port DB15 Connector male Pitot Port Static Port Figure 2 1 Rear Case View Connector Placement...

Страница 17: ...ns typically found in aircraft Some consideration should be given to avoid routing wires near antennas or other locations that could impart high levels of electromagnetic signals on the wiring The che...

Страница 18: ...om the Support Documentation Autopilot section of our website for more information on wiring and setup of the GRT autopilot Note In autopilot wiring setup documentation the Mini is treated the same as...

Страница 19: ...ltimeter setting and screen dimming can be made from any display unit and will be applied to all Designate one serial port pair for the Mini and another for the GRT display you want to connect it to a...

Страница 20: ...sponder directly to ground to allow the transponder to power up Option 2 Wire the Trig to both the Mini and one other GRT EFIS screen Applicable only to Sport SX and Horizon HX HXr Because Sport and H...

Страница 21: ...he same For example the Mini can take GPS position from a handheld GPS but it can t talk back to the GPS therefore the GPS only requires the IN half of the serial port The Mini transmits encoder data...

Страница 22: ...Connections The pitot static connections on the back of the Mini are labeled P pitot and S static and take a 1 8 27 NPT male fitting To facilitate installation and removal of the Mini unit quick disco...

Страница 23: ...on its side for easier mounting The side of a wing tip rib is a simple place to put it The arrow on the magnetometer should be parallel with the centerline of the airplane for yaw Pitch attitude is no...

Страница 24: ...for the Mini are found on the Set Menu pages To access 1 Press any key to display the softkey labels then press NEXT until a SET MENU softkey appears 2 Press SET MENU to access the main menu as displ...

Страница 25: ...may choose to display the Map or HSI If you have two Minis installed one can be set to the PFD while the other can default to the Map page Speed Distance Units Choose your preferred units for the airs...

Страница 26: ...of the magnetometer if installed 1 Access Set Menu AHRS Maintenance Scroll to Set Instrument Orientation 2 Enter the offset in degrees for each axis Positive corrections correspond to right roll pitch...

Страница 27: ...f information The Magnetic Heading field contains instantaneous data on magnetic heading only 4 Observe the Magnetic Heading and verify it does not change by more than 2 degrees while doing the follow...

Страница 28: ...he magnetic heading should be approximately correct if this step was correctly performed and the magnetometer is not located near excessive magnetic inteference 4 7 Fine Magnetometer Calibration Proce...

Страница 29: ...out 30 degrees of 360 4 Access Set Menu AHRS Maintenance Scroll to and select Magnetometer Calibration field on this screen 5 Press Start soft key The first question is Are you sure Press YES if you a...

Страница 30: ...be reduced to about 2 degrees Accurate magnetic heading is required for the AHRS to display accurate heading data and to allow accurate wind speed direction calculations The graph will also show the c...

Страница 31: ...etometer be installed in a good location on the airplane and the AHRS be mounted accurately Due to the steep angle of the earth s magnetic fields only about 20 degrees off vertical the attitude data f...

Страница 32: ...ta test set and may be performed on an annual basis or as needed as follows 1 Position the aircraft at a location with a known elevation 2 Turn on the Mini and allow at least 5 minutes to elapse befor...

Страница 33: ...ads 0 feet 8 Set the altimeter test set to 30 000 ft and note the Mini altimeter reading 9 Calculate the scale factor as follows Calculate the Altitude Error as Altitude_Error GRT Sport_Altimeter_Read...

Страница 34: ...10000 15000 etc and adjusting the corresponding entry until the altimeter reads this altitude 13 The accuracy of the scale factor adjustment can be verified by noting a small altitude error less than...

Страница 35: ...mprovement in the accuracy of the winds can be achieved by performing this calibration The Mini does not provide any means to correct the indicated airspeed as this would result in the Mini showing a...

Страница 36: ...ain constant heading and altitude until the count down timer reaches 0 The Mini will average the data until the timer reaches 0 8 Turn to the reciprocal heading when prompted When established on this...

Страница 37: ...ic block on the rear of the instrument Calculated AOA Installation No installation is required as the angle of attack is computed from the AHRS pitch attitude true airspeed and vertical speed Note tha...

Страница 38: ...Mini X Installation Setup User Manual GRT Avionics Revision A9 38 airplane near stall speed When performing this step minimal power should be used and the flaps should be in the retracted position...

Страница 39: ...because the Mini s location on the instrument panel will usually have too much electromagnetic interference for precise measurement of heading The Mini X and Mini AP come standard with synthetic visi...

Страница 40: ...points to the predicted speed of the aircraft in 5 seconds at the current rate of acceleration V Speed Reference Markers The airspeed tape also features three programmable V speed reference markers th...

Страница 41: ...rectangle Five hundred foot increments are depicted by a hollow marker The baro setting is displayed in the lower right corner The terrain clearance color band on the edge of the altimeter tape shows...

Страница 42: ...esired altitude into the Altitude Preselect Window 2 Press the knob to set the bug to the selected altitude 3 If an autopilot with vertical navigation capability is connected and engaged the system wi...

Страница 43: ...splayed numerically even if the visual indicator is maxed out 5 5 Track Heading Indicator The heading tape covers a 70 span and is presented on top of the PFD screen In addition to the large HDG or TR...

Страница 44: ...heading in the Heading Select Window right The numerical compass position of the bug will display in the window above the left knob and the visual bug indicator will slide across the heading tape of t...

Страница 45: ...ce Index The Attitude Reference Index is always the in the same position relative to the aircraft The horizon line pitch ladder and sky pointer move in relation to it providing the indications of pitc...

Страница 46: ...Ladder Offset should not normally be moved Adjusting this for varying flight conditions can be dangerous when those conditions change again potentially leading to spacial disorientation in instrument...

Страница 47: ...flown crabbed crosswind approach the heading nose will point to the upwind side but the flight path marker center of mass will be superimposed on the virtual runway because that is where the airplane...

Страница 48: ...y until the G limits settle below the threshold See Trim Indicator notation Setting Up the G Meter Enter the maximum positive limit and minimum negative limit of your aircraft in the G Meter Minimum a...

Страница 49: ...ss synthetic vision database status for troubleshooting access the Set Menu Display Unit Maintenance Database Maintenance page 5 9 1 Terrain Alerts Terrain features are presented on the primary flight...

Страница 50: ...irports with multiple runways NOTE Turf runways will be depicted as black strips even though they are not paved Private runways can be added to the database by adding them as User Waypoints To display...

Страница 51: ...nu Primary Flight Display 2 Scroll to Waypoint Balloons and select ON or OFF 5 9 6 Course Ribbons Course ribbons are a form of enroute Highway In The Sky They connect waypoint balloons and draw a path...

Страница 52: ...e boxes move up and down according to the altitude bug forming a visual corridor that is centered on the set course and altitude Enroute HITS will appear only if Enroute HITS is turned ON in the Prima...

Страница 53: ...th labeled extended runway centerlines Topographical features Cities towns major roads borders rivers lakes obstacles and terrain Terrain can be color coded as a visual proximity warning Airplane symb...

Страница 54: ...f this manual Software Updates Database Maintenance NOTE Databases from external GPS units are not capable of populating the moving map They can only transmit GPS position flight plan data and autopil...

Страница 55: ...ce for each map feature or leave it in the default setting 3 Select OFF to never display the feature on the map Auto Declutter Automatically remove items from the map in congested areas starting with...

Страница 56: ...0 arc in front of the airplane symbol CENTER Displays the compass as a 360 compass rose with the airplane symbol in the center HSI Displays an HSI with bearing pointers CDI and compass rose NORTH Disp...

Страница 57: ...t map settings as defined in the Moving Map setup menu Shows basic map background either olive or black as set up in Section 6 3 4 with no topography shading 6 4 4 Map Topography Shading The SHADE opt...

Страница 58: ...ne intersects the waypoint or airspace in question The edges of selected airspace glow turquoise The dimensions are displayed on the map and in a data box below the airplane symbol When airspace is hi...

Страница 59: ...atically from 5 0 nm full scale when enroute to 1 0 nm full scale in terminal phase within 30 nm of the destination to 0 3 nm during approach phase Approach phase can be detected by the GRT only when...

Страница 60: ...or NAVAID to bring up a list of nearest waypoints 4 Use the knob to scroll through the list Highlight the one you want then press the softkey 5 The Active Direct To flight plan page appears Verify the...

Страница 61: ...cursor HINT If the next letter or number is in a different column you can simply press the softkey under the next character s column to automatically advance the cursor 5 After the waypoint identifier...

Страница 62: ...f the flight plan highlight the second waypoint in the leg and press SET LEG Knob Sidebar Functions Press the knob to activate the sidebar cursor Clr FP Clear all displayed waypoints and start over Us...

Страница 63: ...ni 3 Press the Flight Plan softkey The Mini will automatically open the External Flight Plan page listing all the waypoints in the active flight plan on the external GPS 4 Press EXIT to follow the fli...

Страница 64: ...t the USB drive into the USB port of the Mini 3 Press the FLIGHT PLAN softkey to bring up the Flight Plan page 4 Turn the knob to highlight Import Flight Plan and press the knob to activate 5 Press UP...

Страница 65: ...Press FLIGHT PLAN softkey to bring up the Active Flight Plan page 2 Turn the knob to highlight the airport or navaid in the flight plan list 3 Press the knob to activate the sidebar cursor above the k...

Страница 66: ...ot approved for IFR use Synthetic Approach is available only when the following conditions are met 2 The last waypoint in the flight plan is an airport included in the GRT navigation database with inf...

Страница 67: ...Turn the left knob to highlight the desired runway in a white outline box then press the knob to select it Notice the black SAPXX appears as the pending lateral and vertical autopilot guidance shown a...

Страница 68: ...nd wiring GRT servos autopilot switches and flight testing please see the For information on the autopilot annunciators modes and other general usage please refer to the which is applicable to all GRT...

Страница 69: ...t with GRT Trig Adapter set the Input and Output of the wired serial port to TT22 and the baud rate to 9600 4 Follow the instructions in the GRT Trig TT21 22 Supplement for full setup and checkout pro...

Страница 70: ...cally enters ALT mode when the EFIS senses an indicated airspeed of 35 knots Under 35 knots it assumes ground operation and reverts to the STBY mode 8 2 5 Code Selection 1 Press the XPDR softkey to br...

Страница 71: ...ll data making detection of unsafe engine conditions easy and relieving the pilot of many traditional engine monitoring duties In addition to the typical engine monitoring functions the EFIS includes...

Страница 72: ...Mini X Installation Setup User Manual GRT Avionics Revision A9 72 Variable Group Press DATA Softkey to Cycle Main Dials Fuel Environmental Group Engine Display Breakdown Bar Graphs...

Страница 73: ...es Pressing any key will display softkey labels and pressing the NEXT softkey will display the second set of softkeys The DATA softkey provides the page selection They are identified as TEMP Temperatu...

Страница 74: ...y Engine Page Similar to the exhaust gas temperature page this page provides a reviewable up to the last 10 minutes time history graph for both the EGT and CHT temperatures With higher performance air...

Страница 75: ...to GRT Avionics that is perfect for evaluating efficiency especially during cruise Featured on this page is Specific Fuel Consumption read more about it below as well as miles per gallon over the gro...

Страница 76: ...difficult to detect by the human senses Precise EGT monitoring is also a great tool for saving fuel The What and Why of CHT EGT Time History Traditional CHT and EGT temperature gauges display current...

Страница 77: ...engine behavior If or when you suspect that the engine might be running abnormally make it a habit to look at the EGT times history Problems with a single cylinder will be noted as one EGT abruptly c...

Страница 78: ...this action has stopped the increase Note that we use a limit significantly below the manufacturer s limit of 480 to give us time to control the temperatures before they get close to the manufacturer...

Страница 79: ...large EGT time history helps you visualize your progress during leaning Cylinders are numbered in sequence from left to right 2 Press the LEAN softkey to highlight the LEAN selection 3 Slowly lean th...

Страница 80: ...s described below The totalizer shows an estimate of the TOTAL fuel on board but NOT individual fuel tank levels in airplanes with multiple tanks Fuel Flow must be calibrated for full accuracy This is...

Страница 81: ...mount last entered so if you always top it off or fill it to the tabs it is kept in memory for convenience The second number is the Fuel Flow MAX FUEL value set on the Set Menu Graphical Engine Displa...

Страница 82: ...al Alarm Both the EIS and the EFIS include interval alarms For airplanes with multiple fuel tanks good fuel management requires the pilot to periodically manage the fuel in these tanks We find the int...

Страница 83: ...longer operating at maximum efficiency Every 0 01 increase in SFC represents about 2 5 in additional fuel burn With Constant Speed Propellers Any change up or down in SFC from its normal post leaning...

Страница 84: ...tation The left side contains entries for the manifold pressure values representing 55 power and 75 power at sea level The right side contains values for the change in horsepower with altitude for a g...

Страница 85: ...DEMO and stores it in a more compact and easy to use format Data is always added to the end of the GRT Flight Data Log CSV file on the USB flash drive Keep in mind that data on the USB stick can be r...

Страница 86: ...momentarily to write the data to the USB stick The bigger the file the more continuous data you will get The smaller the file the more often it will save the data Specify maximum recording time in mi...

Страница 87: ...data parameters that are continually written to the USB stick Go to SET MENU General Setup Demo Settings Press the knob to open the page USB Flight Data Logger On Off When On the Mini will record dat...

Страница 88: ...ulated by the EFIS by combining a variety of sensor data AOA calculated in this manner has the benefit that does not require any dedicated hardware The drawbacks are that the calculated AOA is depende...

Страница 89: ...judgment of the pilot The accuracy of this AOA indexer and its stall warning is affected by EFIS sensor errors and the accuracy of the calibration procedure The EFIS calculation of angle of attack and...

Страница 90: ...ginally created to give pilots a maximum pitch angle reference when performing a windshear escape maneuver While this may be of little use for the typical experimental aircraft pilot it provides a vis...

Страница 91: ...beta software that you should ONLY download if you would like to experiment with untested features 4 Software available for the Mini includes Display Unit software adds new features and corrects bugs...

Страница 92: ...T Make sure the filename does not have any numbers in parenthesis after it The Mini will not recognize the file if the name has been changed Example MiniUP dat is the only name recognized for Mini dis...

Страница 93: ...Press the YES softkey 3 The display will transfer the new AHRS software directly from the USB stick This may take up to 3 minutes When the upload is finished the AHRS module will reboot and resume no...

Страница 94: ...e Mini may be turned off by pressing the right knob and following the on screen instructions or by pressing and holding the knob for more than 5 seconds Charging and Battery State Indication The batte...

Страница 95: ...bration Status will indicate Waiting for charge rate 3 Apply external power and let the battery charge to 100 Calibration Status will indicate Waiting for full charge while charging When the charge re...

Страница 96: ...Mini X Installation Setup User Manual GRT Avionics Revision A9 96...

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