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5.5. Fault reports
A fault report is a record of specific events in the period of time when a fault occurs. On
the one hand, an oscillography record is very extensive information, but only short
regarding time for a significant number of faults. Also, event recording can be filled with
general events, which provide no information of a fault (tables change, local pulsing, etc.)
whereby it could be filled with general information, losing any fault information. Therefore,
having a specific events record for the fault period is of significant help to resolve an
incident.
This record has a 20 fault capacity, and each fault can store 24 events. At any moment,
the information of the twenty most recent fault reports is available. Each new fault report
generated is stored on the oldest, is lost, therefore, the information of this one.The fault
report is time limited by means of a fault Pickup and a fault end, and these must be clearly
established.
Twenty fault reports are generated and they are registered in non-volatile FRAM memory.
Fro
m the HMI, by pressing key “◄” or by navigating through the menus, you will gain
access to fault reports. The information displayed is as follows:
•
Date-time at which the fault started.
•
List of all events occurred in the equipment during the fault
The fault Pickup is the same as that of the oscillography, i.e. an oscillography shall always
be associated to the fault report. The fault end shall depend on whether the recloser is
active. If the recloser is prohibited, when all Pickup ups disappear it is understood that the
fault has disappeared (this includes the circuit breaker fault). With the recloser permitted,
the fault end is given by the final condition of the recloser, regardless of whether it has
been successful or it has become blocked. As a general rule, the following logic shall
provide the fault end:
5.6. Real-Time Clock (RTC )
For events, oscillographies and alarms the protection equipment required a clock for date
and time stamping. This clock must keep the date and time even with no power supply, for
up to 72 hours (With the capacity charged beforehand).
If there is an events queue, and the clock is synchronised with a date and time prior to the
last stored event, the relay does not reorder the queue, but rather it stores the new events
after the events already in the queue.
This clock can be synchronised with another clock in various ways:
•
From the HMI. In this case the date and time can be entered using a keyboard. The
relay will save a new event indicating that it has been synchronised.
•
By protocol. There are two options in this case:
o
Local protocol. The performance is identical to the HMI, the relay synchronises
the date and time and executes a new synchronisation event.
o
Remote protocols. These protocols can include continuous synchronisation
sections. For this reason, the execution of synchronisation events is
inappropriate.