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Cabletron Systems reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information
contained in this document without prior notice. The reader should in all cases consult Cabletron
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The hardware, firmware, or software described in this manual is subject to change without notice.

IN NO EVENT SHALL CABLETRON SYSTEMS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT,
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Cabletron has tested its software with current virus checking technologies. However, because no
anti-virus system is 100% reliable, we strongly caution you to write protect and then verify that the
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Cabletron Systems makes no representations or warranties to the effect that the Licensed Software is
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Copyright © 1996 by Cabletron Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America.

Order Number: 9031977-E1 October 1996

Cabletron Systems, Inc.
P.O. Box 5005
Rochester, NH 03866-5005

SPECTRUM

,

MiniMMAC

,

FNB

,

Multi Media Access Center

, and

DNI

are registered trademarks,

and

Portable Management Application

,

IRM

,

IRM2

,

IRM3

,

IRBM

,

ESXMIM

,

ETSMIM

,

EMME

,

EMM-E6

,

ETWMIM

,

FDMMIM

,

FDCMIM

,

MicroMMAC

,

MRXI

,

MRXI-24

,

NB20E

,

NB25E

,

NB30

,

NB35E

,

NBR

,

SEHI

,

STHI

,

TRBMIM

,

TRMM

,

TRMM-2

,

TRMM-4

,

TRMMIM

,

TRXI

,

Media

Interface Module

,

MIM

, and

Flexible Network Bus

are trademarks of Cabletron Systems, Inc.

UNIX

and

OPENLOOK

are trademarks of Unix System Laboratories, Inc.

OSF/Motif

and

Motif

are

trademarks of the Open Software Foundation, Inc.

X Window System

is a trademark of X Consortium,

Inc.

Ethernet

and

XNS

are trademarks of Xerox Corporation.

Apple

and

AppleTalk

are registered

trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc.

Banyan

is a registered trademark of Banyan Systems, Inc.

DECnet

is a registered trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation.

Novell

is a registered trademark

of Novell, Inc.

CompuServe

is a registered trademark of CompuServe.

Sun Microsystems

is a

registered trademark, and

Sun

,

SunNet

, and

OpenWindows

are trademarks of Sun Microsystems,

Inc.

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Содержание SPECTRUM

Страница 1: ...Portable Management Application for the 7C03 7C04 and 7C04 R SmartSwitch Hubs User s Guide The Complete Networking Solution ...

Страница 2: ......

Страница 3: ...nties to the effect that the Licensed Software is virus free Copyright 1996 by Cabletron Systems Inc All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Order Number 9031977 E1 October 1996 Cabletron Systems Inc P O Box 5005 Rochester NH 03866 5005 SPECTRUM MiniMMAC FNB Multi Media Access Center and DNI are registered trademarks and Portable Management Application IRM IRM2 IRM3 IRBM ESXMIM...

Страница 4: ...inoperative 3 Reproduced for safekeeping archives or backup purposes 4 Modified adapted or combined with other computer software provided that the modified combined or adapted portions of the derivative software incorporating restricted computer software are made subject to the same restricted rights 5 Disclosed to and reproduced for use by support service contractors in accordance with subparagra...

Страница 5: ...2 5 Selecting the Application Display Mode 2 6 COM Port and FDDI Front Panel Displays 2 8 FDDI Port Display Forms 2 8 FDDI Color Codes 2 10 The Switch Application Display 2 10 Switch Port Display Forms 2 11 Switch Port Color Codes 2 12 The Bridge Application Display 2 13 Bridge Port Display Forms 2 13 Bridge Port Color Codes 2 15 The Interface Application Display 2 15 Interface Port Display Forms ...

Страница 6: ...d Falling Thresholds Work 3 6 Configuring an Alarm 3 7 Disabling an Alarm 3 9 Viewing an Alarm Log 3 10 Chapter 4 FDDI Management Port Configuration 4 2 Enabling or Disabling FDDI Ports 4 5 Charts Graphs and Meters 4 5 Viewing the FDDI Port Chart 4 6 Changing the Measurement of Data 4 7 Viewing FDDI Port Meters 4 7 Viewing FDDI Port Graphs 4 8 Alarm Configuration 4 9 SMT MAC Configuration 4 13 Cha...

Страница 7: ...iltering Database Dynamic Ageing Time 6 17 Changing Forwarding and Static Database Entries 6 18 Deleting a Static Table Entry 6 19 Finding a Filtering Database MAC Address 6 20 The Spanning Tree Protocol Window 6 20 Changing Spanning Tree Parameters 6 24 The Spanning Tree Port Parameters Window 6 25 Changing a Port s STA Parameters 6 27 Creating Bridge Traffic Charts Graphs and Meters 6 27 The Bri...

Страница 8: ...Contents vi ...

Страница 9: ...rkgroup SmartSwitch supplies all the features of the 7C04 along with the additional fault tolerance provided by a pair of redundant load sharing power supplies and a removable fan tray The 7C04 R can also accept the new double wide NIM modules in slots 3 and 4 for additional front panel connectivity At the heart of each 7C0x SmartSwitch hub is its 7X00 SmartSwitch Control Module which supervises a...

Страница 10: ...nnections via Fast Ethernet Port Interface Module slots The 7A06 01 which provides a redundant ATM uplink connection via two front panel ATM Port Interface Module slots Available APIMs provide connectivity for all standard ATM speeds and media types The available modules provide your SmartSwitch hub with key mission critical features such as redundant links alarm thresholding and full error breakd...

Страница 11: ...g and switching and with general network management concepts Chapter 1 Introduction to SPMA for the 7C0x SmartSwitch describes the 7C0x SmartSwitch User s Guide and the conventions used in this and other SPMA manuals explains where to find information about the 7C0x SmartSwitch and tells you how to contact Cabletron Systems Technical Support Chapter 2 Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View describes ...

Страница 12: ...dule and are explained in the SPECTRUM Portable Management Application Tools Guide Charts Graphs and Meters Community Names Global Find MAC Address MIB I II MIBTree Path Telnet TFTP Download Trap Table UPS Charts Graphs and Meters are accessible from the Hub View and the command line the Global MAC Address tool is accessible from the Hub View the platform console window Tools menu and the command ...

Страница 13: ...isplays SPMA runs under a variety of different operating systems and graphical user interfaces To maintain a consistent presentation screen displays in this and other SPMA guides show an OSF Motif environment If you re used to a different GUI don t worry the differences are minor Buttons boxes borders and menus displayed on your screen may look a bit different from what you see in the guide but th...

Страница 14: ...w Figure 1 2 which lists all footer messages that have been displayed since the window was first invoked This window can help you keep track of management actions you have taken since launching a management application Figure 1 2 The History Window Use the scroll bars provided to choose what to display in a window that s been resized Click here to display footer message history ...

Страница 15: ...windowing system By convention menu buttons under the Motif windowing environment are activated by clicking the left mouse button referred to as mouse button 1 in SPMA documentation and there is no response to clicking the right button mouse button 3 Under OpenWindows menu buttons can be activated by clicking the right button and convention dictates that the left button activates a default menu op...

Страница 16: ...tandard Time at 603 332 9400 By mail Cabletron Systems Inc PO Box 5005 Rochester NH 03866 5005 By CompuServe GO CTRON from any prompt By Internet mail support ctron com By FTP ctron com 134 141 197 25 Login anonymous Password your email address By BBS 603 335 3358 Modem Setting 8N1 8 data bits 1 stop bit No parity For additional information about Cabletron Systems products visit our World Wide Web...

Страница 17: ...u can select the Hub View option from the icon menu specific directions for creating a 7C0x SmartSwitch icon and accessing the icon menu can be found in the appropriate Installing and Using guide If you are running the 7C0x SmartSwitch module in a stand alone mode type the following at the command line spmarun fps IP address community name The community name you use to start the module must have a...

Страница 18: ...irst in the above command temporarily sets the environment variables SPMA needs to operate be sure to use this command any time you launch an application from the command line This script is automatically invoked when you launch an application from the icon menu or from within the Hub View If there is a hostname mapped to your 7C0x SmartSwitch s IP address you can use hostname in place of IP addre...

Страница 19: ...n described in the SPMA Tools Guide To view a name which is longer than the field click to place your cursor in the text box and use the arrow keys to shift the display Device Location A text field that you can use to help identify the device you can assign a device location via the MIB I II application described in the SPMA Tools Guide To view a location which is longer than the field click to pl...

Страница 20: ... platform and from the command line if you are running in stand alone mode See Chapter 1 Introduction to SPMA for the 7C0x SmartSwitch for a complete list of applications available to the 7C0x SmartSwitch and how to access each one Clicking mouse button 1 on the Quit button closes all Hub View application windows any open applications which can also be accessed from the command line or from the ic...

Страница 21: ...type Click button 1 or button 3 to display the Module menu Port Index Click button 1 to toggle the interface between enabled and disabled click button 3 to display the Port menu bridge display mode only FDDI Front Panel Status For FDDI modules only a separate Front Panel display shows the status of the individual A and B ports that together form a single interface Click either button to access the...

Страница 22: ...ement applications note that this option is only available for devices configured to operate in switch mode Bridge which displays bridging status in the port displays and provides menu access to bridge management note that this option is only available for devices configured to operate in bridge mode Interface which displays each port s MIB II status and statistics None which removes all interface...

Страница 23: ...2 5 to display the Module menu 2 Drag down to Application Display then across to select the display mode you want Note that only three selections are available at any one time either Bridge or Switch depending on the device s current configuration Interface and None When you change the application display mode the port display form will change to the default form for the chosen mode you can change...

Страница 24: ...tion in the front panel port displays for any installed FDDI NIM Admin Displays the connection state of each port CON connecting the port is trying to establish a link but has not yet been successful Ports which are not connected and which have not been disabled by management will display this status ACT active the port has been enabled by management and has successfully established a link SBY sta...

Страница 25: ... term average of the bit error rate which represents the quality of the physical link It is computed when the port is connected and every 10 seconds thereafter The value of the LER Estimate can range from 10 4 to 10 15 but is always displayed as the absolute value of the exponent for example if the port s LER Estimate is computed to be 10 5 the value displayed in the Port Status box will be 5 whic...

Страница 26: ...alid Link signal and is able to communicate with the station at the other end of the port s cable segment Blue indicates that the port has been disabled through management or that it is in a standby state Yellow indicates that the port is enabled but does not currently have a valid connection This usually indicates that the device at the other end of the segment is turned off or that no cable segm...

Страница 27: ...s at any given time Admin State An interface s Administrative State is the state currently requested by management note that this may not always be the same as the actual or Operational state described below ENB enabled the port is administratively enabled DIS disabled the port is administratively disabled Oper State An interface s Operational State is its actual state note that this may not alway...

Страница 28: ...s in the process of switching to access mode Unkn unknown on boot up all switch interfaces have a type value of unknown this value will convert dynamically as required by the connected node Switch Port Color Codes The color codes assigned to each port interface in Switch Application mode indicate the following status conditions Red the port is administratively enabled but not operational This stat...

Страница 29: ...lt display mode for devices configured for traditional bridging Figure 2 9 The Bridge Application Display and Menus For more information about the Bridge View application see Chapter 6 Using the 7C0x Bridge View for more information about viewing source addresses see Viewing the Source Address List page 2 24 and for more information on enabling and disabling a bridge interface see Enabling and Dis...

Страница 30: ...ceived that were filtered at the selected interface Sr Frames Forwarded Displays the rate at which source route frames are being forwarded across the selected interface in a frames second format Note that this option is currently grayed out as no Token Ring NIMs are yet available Bridge Port Number Displays the index number assigned to each bridge port interface Bridge ports are indexed from left ...

Страница 31: ...ation information for the bridged topology Magenta the port is in a Listening or Learning state Orange the port is on line but filtering blocking traffic from going across the 7C0x SmartSwitch from one network segment to another Bridge topology information is still being forwarded Red the physical interface has malfunctioned the port is broken The Interface Application Display The Interface Applic...

Страница 32: ...e port is not operational this may be because it has been administratively disabled it has malfunctioned in some way or it is attempting to move into a testing state Note that the color code described in the following section page 2 20 that accompanies this display will indicate which of these three conditions has caused the OFF state TEST the port is being tested Link Status A port s Link Status ...

Страница 33: ...vely doubles the defined wire speed Possible values are 10M 10 megabits per second for standard Ethernet 100M 100 megabits per second for Fast Ethernet FDDI and ATM Interface Number Displays the index number assigned to each interface Index numbers are assigned in an XXXXYY format where X slot index times 10 000 and Y port index For example an interface index of 30017 would be assigned to port 17 ...

Страница 34: ...ed errors as a percentage of the total load experienced by that port Total indicate the total number of packets that contained errors as a percentage of total load Nucast non unicast shows a value for each active port that indicates what percentage of the total packets received at or transmitted by that port were non unicast that is broadcast or multicast packets You can view the non unicast perce...

Страница 35: ...otal number of errors experienced by the port Available error types are CRC Alignment the number of packets processed by a port that had a non integral number of bytes alignment errors or a bad frame check sequence Cyclic Redundancy Check or CRC error expressed as a percentage of the total number of error packets experienced by the port Fragments the number of packets processed by a port that were...

Страница 36: ...indicate link status Magenta indicates either that a testing mode has been requested but is not yet in effect or that testing is taking place Viewing Device Configuration If you need to call Cabletron s Technical Support about a problem with the Hub View application or your 7C0x SmartSwitch hardware you ll need the information provided in the Device Configuration window To launch the window 1 Clic...

Страница 37: ...on level of the 7X00 controller module s boot prom Top Level Serial Number Displays the serial number assigned to the 7X00 controller module This serial number contains information about the date and location of manufacture and the hardware revision level Base MAC Address Displays the MAC address of the 7X00 controller module s Host interface the interface that connects to the 7C0x hub s switching...

Страница 38: ...ck either mouse button on the Display Mode box in the Hub View to launch the Interface menu drag down to Interface List and release The Interface List window Figure 2 12 will appear Figure 2 12 Interface List Window The Interface List window displays an IF for each interface and the MAC Address physical address associated with each interface The first two interfaces are the 7X00 controller module ...

Страница 39: ...witching operations To launch the Switch Status window 1 If necessary put the Hub View into the Switch Application Display mode click either mouse button on the Module Index or Module Type box to display the Module menu drag down to Application Display then across to select Switch 2 Click either mouse button on the Display Mode box in the Hub View to launch the Switch menu drag down to Status and ...

Страница 40: ...evices which have been configured to operate in traditional bridging mode you can use the Source Addresses option available from the Bridge Port menu to view a list of all the MAC addresses that are communicating through a selected bridge interface To open the Source Addresses window 1 If necessary put the Hub View into the Bridge Application Display mode click either mouse button on the Module In...

Страница 41: ...naging the Hub In addition to the performance information described in the preceding sections the Hub View also provides you with the tools you need to configure your hub and keep it operating properly Hub management functions include setting polling intervals launching a variety of SPMA Tool applications including FDDI management applications and the Bridge View application performing all availab...

Страница 42: ...odule menu drag down to Application Display then across to select Interface 2 Click either mouse button on the Display Mode box in the Hub View to launch the Interface menu drag down to MIB II and release The MIB I II tool is described in detail in Chapter 2 of the SPMA Tools Guide Find MAC Address The newest member of the family of SPMA Tool applications the Global Find MAC Address tool gives you...

Страница 43: ...ther mouse button in the Port Status or Port Index box for the COM port you wish to configure the COM port menu will be displayed Remember the COM port menus are available in all Application Display modes 2 Drag down to UPS and release If the COM port menu does not include the UPS selection that COM port has not yet been configured for UPS operation see Configuring COM Ports page 2 36 for more inf...

Страница 44: ... in Chapter 5 ATM Configuration Accessing Bridge Management For 7C0x SmartSwitches which are configured to operate as traditional bridges you can use the Bridge menu to launch the Bridge View application To do so 1 If necessary put the Hub View into the Bridge Application Display mode click either mouse button on the Module Index or Module Type box to display the Module menu drag down to Applicati...

Страница 45: ...at SPMA will use for each SmartSwitch you are managing use mouse button 1 to select the Save As Defaults option 6 If you wish to replace existing values with the current set of default values use mouse button 1 to select the Use Defaults option 7 Click mouse button 1 on once your changes are complete Changes take effect after the current polling cycle is complete You can set the update intervals f...

Страница 46: ...n parameters and for COM ports you can select the operation you wish the port to perform and set any associated speed parameters FDDI Ethernet and Fast Ethernet Port Configuration windows are available from the Interface Application Display Port menus the COM Port menu is available in all Application Display modes Configuring Ethernet and FDDI Ports The Port Configuration window available for both...

Страница 47: ...dard wire speeds 10 Mbps for Ethernet 100 Mbps for FDDI are available Full Duplex In Full Duplex Mode an interface can both receive and transmit packets at the same time effectively doubling the available wire speed to 20 Mbps for Ethernet or 200 Mbps for FDDI Be sure to click on to set your changes Note that the interface s current mode can be determined by the field selected in the window you ca...

Страница 48: ...mode 100Base FX fiber ports can be configured to operate in their standard 100 Mbps mode or in full duplex mode This window also displays the mode currently in effect on the selected interface and provides some information where it is available about the interface s link partner To access the Port Configuration Window 1 If necessary put the Hub View into the Interface Application Display mode clic...

Страница 49: ...ase FX or 100Base FX Full Duplex If the port is still initializing not linked or if there is no port module installed in the slot this field will display Unknown Desired Operational Mode Displays the operational mode that you have selected for this port and allows you to change that selection The following operational modes are available for each port 100Base TX Auto Negotiation 10Base T 10BASE T ...

Страница 50: ... Advertised Abilities also do not restrict the local node s ability to set up a link with a partner who is not currently Auto Negotiating Remote Capabilities When the local node is set to Auto Negotiation this field will display the advertised abilities of the remote link even if the remote link is not currently set to auto negotiate Possible values for this field are 100Base TX Full Duplex 100Bas...

Страница 51: ...wever you must still be sure that both link partners are set to the same operational mode or the link will be unstable To set your desired operational mode 1 Click in the Desired Operational Mode field to display the menu of available options drag down to select the operational mode you wish to set For 100Base TX ports the available options are 10Base T 10 Mbps connection Standard Mode 10Base T Fu...

Страница 52: ...w minutes for mode changes to be completely initialized particularly if the link partners must negotiate or re negotiate the mode you may need to refresh the window a few times before current operational data is displayed Configuring COM Ports You can use the COM Port Configuration window Figure 2 18 to specify the function each of the two RS232 COM ports available on the 7X00 Controller module wi...

Страница 53: ...t Note that if you select this option an additional option UPS will appear on the COM Port menu use the resulting window to configure specific UPS settings SLIP Select this option to use the selected COM port as a SLIP connection for out of band SNMP management via direct connection to a serial port on your network management workstation Note that when you configure the port as a SLIP connection y...

Страница 54: ... enable or disable any bridging interface To do so 1 If necessary put the Hub View into the Bridge Application Display mode click either mouse button on the Module Index or Module Type box to display the Module menu drag down to Application Display then across to select Bridge 2 Click mouse button 1 on the bridge interface you wish to enable or disable or Click mouse button 3 on the bridge interfa...

Страница 55: ...anning Tree operations Nodes connected to that network segment can still communicate with one another but they can t communicate with other networks connected to the bridge When you enable bridging for the interface the port moves from the Disabled state through the Listening and Learning states to the Forwarding state bridge port state color codes will change accordingly NOTE For more information...

Страница 56: ...Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View 2 40 Managing the Hub ...

Страница 57: ...configure your device s response to an alarm condition when a threshold is crossed the SmartSwitch can create a log of alarm events send a trap notifying your management workstation that an alarm condition has occurred or both you can even configure an alarm to enable or disable bridging on the offending port in response to a rising or falling alarm condition CAUTION The current version of the Bas...

Страница 58: ...an application from within the Hub View If you wish to configure alarms via the Basic Alarm Configuration window be sure to use a write community name with at least Read Write access If you only wish to view alarms a community name with Read access will be sufficient If there is a hostname mapped to your 7C0x s IP address you can use hostname in place of IP address to launch this application Pleas...

Страница 59: ...nterface installed in your 7C0x SmartSwitch hub In Octets Kb Total Errors Broadcast Multicast Use these fields at the top of the window to change the alarm type whose status is displayed in the list box For example if the In Octets Kb option is selected the information in the list box pertains to the status of the In Octets Kb alarm type for each installed interface Before you configure an alarm o...

Страница 60: ...om bottom to top rather than top to bottom the Port displayed here will reflect that indexing scheme IF Number Displays the interface number assigned to each available interface Interface indexing follows an XXXXYY scheme where X slot index times 10 000 and Y port index For example an interface index of 30017 would be assigned to port 17 on the module installed in slot 3 of the chassis IF Type Dis...

Страница 61: ...l be sure to set your thresholds accordingly Rising Action Indicates whether or not a rising alarm occurrence will initiate any actions in response to the alarm condition Enable if bridging will be enabled at the selected interface in response to a rising alarm Disable if bridging will be disabled at the selected interface in response to a rising alarm and None if no actions have been configured f...

Страница 62: ...until the opposite threshold is met or crossed Therefore if your threshold pair spans a wide range of values and network performance is unstable around either threshold you will only receive one event in response to what may be several dramatic changes in value To monitor both ends of a wide range of values set up two pairs of thresholds one set at the top end of the range and one at the bottom Fi...

Страница 63: ...hat the editable fields will display the alarm parameters assigned to the selected interface with the lowest index number however any changes you make in these fields will be set to all selected interfaces 3 In the Interval field enter the amount of time in seconds over which the selected variable will be sampled At the end of the interval the sample value will be compared to both the rising and f...

Страница 64: ...lf For more information on how actions are triggered see How Rising and Falling Thresholds Work page 3 6 8 Click in the Falling Threshold field enter the low threshold value for this alarm Remember compared values are always relative or delta values the difference between the value counted at the end of the current interval and the value counted at the end of the previous interval be sure to set y...

Страница 65: ...sh to disable the selected alarm type Remember the editable fields in the lower portion of the window will display the alarm parameters for the selected interface with the lowest index number but the selected alarm type will be disabled for all selected interfaces 3 Click on The selected alarm type on the selected interface s will be disabled and the list box display will refresh to reflect those ...

Страница 66: ...e that is stored in a log entry In combination with the logEventIndex value described above the logIndex provides the instance values assigned to each table object use these instance values to sort out individual log entries For example the values of all logTable OIDs with the instance 7 1 apply to the first occurrence of alarm index 7 the values of all OIDs with the instance 7 2 apply to the seco...

Страница 67: ...le information the OID of the alarm variable including its instance which corresponds to the 7C0x interface on which the alarm was configured The instance value is the last value in the OID string Other descriptive information provided includes whether it was a rising or falling event the index number assigned to the alarm the alarmSampleType always 2 or delta the value that triggered the alarm th...

Страница 68: ...Basic Alarm Configuration 3 12 Viewing an Alarm Log ...

Страница 69: ...dividual A and B ports Alarm Configuration allows you to set the LER Alarm and LER Cutoff thresholds for the FDDI interfaces installed in the SmartSwitch hub SMT MAC Configuration lets you see information about the configuration of your FDDI modules Station Management SMT entities the operating state of the ring to which each is connected the physical state of the PHY A and B front panel ports and...

Страница 70: ... front panel index FP 1 or FP 2 and port type A or B All other functionality is identical Note too that due to a software anomaly port mapping is not provided for any hub which contains more than one FDDI module that is ports will be indexed by SMT and port physical index rather than by front panel index and port type Future versions of SPMA will correct this anomaly NOTES The spmarun script invok...

Страница 71: ...P 2 as illustrated above if you have launched the application from the command line or if your 7C0x hub has more than one FDDI NIM installed the front panel designations will not appear For multiple NIMs SMT entities will be indexed from left to right in the hub and from top front panel port 1 to bottom front panel port 2 on each module Port Index Displays the index number assigned to each port If...

Страница 72: ...connections are theoretically legal although some are not desirable Disabled the port has been disabled by management note that this status does not indicate whether or not there is a physical link connected to the port Connection A port s connection is defined by its own port type A or B and the port type to which it is connected For example a normal connection for a FDDI A port would be A B a th...

Страница 73: ...rts Graphs and Meters You can view both an FDDI Port Chart and FDDI Port Meters and if you are running SPMA in conjunction with HP Network Node Manager or IBM NetView an FDDI Port Graph for your module by clicking on the appropriate buttons located at the bottom of the Port Configuration window NOTES Graphing capabilities are provided by an application that is included in HP Network Node Manager a...

Страница 74: ... there for at least 80 ns or when the line state goes from Active to Unknown and remains there for at least 320 ns A growing LEM Count usually indicates a physical problem with the connectors or the cable between a port and the node at the other end of its cable segment If you can wiggle the cable and watch the LEM Count increase you know you have a faulty cable or connector Dirt or film on the co...

Страница 75: ...and restart Cumulative totals click mouse button 1 on the appropriate shadowed button To exit the FDDI Port Chart window click Viewing FDDI Port Meters To view the FDDI Port Meters window highlight one or more ports in the scroll list and click The FDDI Port Meters window Figure 4 4 will appear Each of the meters provided displays a single statistic in a format that lets you know at a glance if th...

Страница 76: ...e segment If you can wiggle the cable and watch the LEM Count increase you know you have a faulty cable or connector Dirt or film on the connector cable ends can also add to the LEM Count LEM Reject Rate The number of times the port s link has exceeded the configured LER Cutoff level and been removed as faulty disabled by station management expressed as rejects per second SMT automatically re enab...

Страница 77: ...he command line stand alone mode 1 From the appropriate directory type spmarun fddialrm IP Address community name NOTES The spmarun script invoked first in the above command temporarily sets the environment variables SPMA needs to operate be sure to use this command any time you launch an application from the command line This script is automatically invoked when you launch an application from wit...

Страница 78: ...ort is in an alarm state and red indicates that the port s LER Estimate has equaled or exceeded the LER Cutoff threshold and the port has been disabled SMT Index Displays the index number of the Station Management SMT entity to which each port is attached Each FDDI NIM module has two SMT entities one for each front panel interface If you have launched the Alarm Configuration application from the H...

Страница 79: ... to be 10 5 the value displayed will be 5 which represents an actual rate of 1 250 bit errors per second The lowest LER Estimate numbers represent the highest bit error rates as summarized in the figure below Figure 4 6 LER Estimate Values LER Alarm The Link Error Rate LER Alarm field displays the threshold at which a port will enter an alarm condition A port in an alarm condition will display a y...

Страница 80: ...e lower portion of the window provides the fields you need to configure the alarms 1 In the Port List Box select the port or ports for which you would like to edit the alarm thresholds You can select or de select any ports by clicking on them or you can use the Configure Alarm For field if you select All Ports all available ports will be automatically selected if you select Single Port only the po...

Страница 81: ...FDDI Utilities then across to select SMT MAC Configuration from the command line stand alone mode 1 From the appropriate directory type spmarun fddicnfg IP Address community name NOTES The spmarun script invoked first in the above command temporarily sets the environment variables SPMA needs to operate be sure to use this command any time you launch an application from the command line This script...

Страница 82: ...llustrated above if you have launched the application from the command line or if your 7C0x hub has more than one FDDI NIM installed the front panel designations will not appear For multiple NIMs SMT entities will be indexed from left to right in the hub and from top front panel port 1 to bottom front panel port 2 on each module Version Displays the operational SMT version being used by each SMT e...

Страница 83: ... currently inserted possible values are Isolated the node is isolated from all available rings Local A the Aport is inserted into a local path the B port is not inserted into a local path Local B The B port is inserted into a local path the A port is not inserted into a local path Local AB both the A and B ports are inserted into a local path Wrap A the secondary path is wrapped to the A port Wrap...

Страница 84: ...s this state on assertion of Ring_Operational Ring Op the MAC being managed is part of an operational FDDI ring Detect the ring has not been operational for longer than T_Non_Op time Duplicate address conditions that prevent ring operation are detected in the Detect state Non Op Dup positive indications have been received that the address of the MAC under control is a duplicate of another MAC on t...

Страница 85: ...ssociated with the dual ring Isolated the MAC is not associated with any physical path SPMA cannot determine the current MAC path Charts Graphs and Meters You can view both an FDDI MAC Chart and FDDI MAC Meters and if you are running SPMA in conjunction with HP Network Node Manager or IBM NetView an FDDI MAC Graph for each available MAC entity by clicking on the appropriate buttons at the bottom o...

Страница 86: ...e Count Displays the total number of frames received by the selected MAC Error Count Displays a count of error frames that were detected by the selected MAC that had not been detected previously by another station An error frame is any received frame that does not meet frame validity criteria each frame must have a starting delimiter a frame control field zero or more additional data symbols and a...

Страница 87: ...ays the difference in value for the selected data between the current poll interval and the last interval Cumulative displays the total since the Cumulative button was selected Clear resets Cumulative totals to zero this option is not available in the Absolute or Delta modes To change the type of measurement or to clear and restart Cumulative totals click mouse button 1 on the appropriate shadowed...

Страница 88: ...ames that contain an unknown error measured in frames per second When the MAC encounters a frame of this type whose validity is in doubt it increments the Lost Frame counter and strips the remainder of the frame from the ring replacing it with idle symbols Frame Error Ratio Where the other meters show a snapshot of network performance the Frame Error Ratio compares the total number of Lost and Err...

Страница 89: ...d alone mode 1 From the appropriate directory type spmarun fddicpol IP Address community name NOTES The spmarun script invoked first in the above command temporarily sets the environment variables SPMA needs to operate be sure to use this command any time you launch an application from the command line This script is automatically invoked when you launch an application from within the Hub View If ...

Страница 90: ...onfiguration DH when both A and B are connected to M ports a dual homing configuration results See the following page for more information on dual homing Table 4 1 FDDI Connection Rules A B S M A V U T V V U V DH B V V U T V U V DH S V U V U V V M V DH V DH V X CAUTION Though technically legal under FDDI connection rules the undesirable A S and B S connections will deprive your device of the redun...

Страница 91: ...concentrator DAC and connect the B port of the same device to an M port on another DAC SMT will automatically make the B M connection active and place the A M connection in stand by the A M connection will only become active if the B M connection should fail Once the B M connection is restored it is automatically re activated and the A M connection goes back into standby mode Dual homing will not ...

Страница 92: ...e general information about each station To access the Station List window Figure 4 11 from the Hub View 1 Click either mouse button on any Module Index or Module Type text box to display the Module Menu remember this menu is the same for all application display modes 2 Drag down to FDDI Utilities then across to select Station List from the command line stand alone mode 1 From the appropriate dire...

Страница 93: ...front panel interface or SMT entity selected in the Scope field beginning with the selected interface and traveling upstream Remember if you launch the Station List application from the command line no front panel designations will appear each FDDI interface will be listed by its SMT index only Entry An index number assigned to each station in the ring The front panel interface or SMT entity curre...

Страница 94: ...he primary path to restore the ring Isolated The node is isolated from the ring a node in this state will be the only one displaying in the station list A A Twisted The ring is in a twisted configuration because the node s A port has been connected to another A by necessity somewhere on the ring a B port is connected to another B and a third station has both an A A and a B B connection The ring ca...

Страница 95: ...lated from the primary ring and residing alone on the secondary ring B B Twisted Wrapped The ring is twisted due to the node s B B connection as above in addition the ring is wrapped bringing any node isolated by the twist back into contact with the stations on the main ring Unknown SPMA is unable to determine the node s topology state ...

Страница 96: ...FDDI Management 4 28 Viewing the Station List ...

Страница 97: ... s SecureFast switching An ATM network uses two types of virtual channels or circuits Switched Virtual Circuits or SVCs and Permanent Virtual Circuits or PVCs SVCs are created and dismantled dynamically on an as needed basis and require no management definition PVCs however must be manually configured The AToM MIB window provides the means for accomplishing these configurations Accessing the AToM ...

Страница 98: ...n the Hub View If you wish to configure or delete any PVCs from the ATom MIB window be sure to use a community name with at least Read Write access If you only wish to view configured PVCs a community name with Read access will be sufficient If there is a hostname mapped to your 7C0x s IP address you can use hostname in place of IP address to launch this application Please note however that the ho...

Страница 99: ... VPI for example you can assign a VCI of 14 as many as four times once with a VPI of 0 once with a VPI of 1 and so on Remember it is the combined VPI and VCI designations assigned to a channel that creates the grouping of virtual connections AAL Type This field indicates which AAL protocol type is currently in use on the Virtual Channel Circuit VCC An instance of this object only exists when the l...

Страница 100: ...n has been enabled This field is not currently supported by firmware and will display only a value of 0 Selecting the Add button launches the Create Channel window which allows you to configure additional PVCs Selecting the Delete button deletes the selected connection Selecting Update refreshes the connection information displayed in the list box Configuring Connections To configure new Permanent...

Страница 101: ...unking between ATM switches 4 In the VCI text box enter the Virtual Channel Identifier you wish to assign to this connection Allowable values are 0 to 1023 for each VPI For example you could assign the same channel identifier say 25 as many as four times once with a VPI of 0 once with a VPI of 1 and so on Again remember that it is the combination of VPI and VCI that will be used to direct cells th...

Страница 102: ...ATM Configuration 5 6 Configuring Connections ...

Страница 103: ...s Bridges are used in local area networks to connect two or more network segments and to control the flow of packets between the segments Ideally bridges forward packets to another network segment only when necessary Bridges are also used to increase the fault tolerance in a local area network by creating redundant bridge paths between network segments This is so that in the event of a bridge or b...

Страница 104: ...anagement system you can select the Bridge View option from the icon menu specific directions for creating a 7C0x SmartSwitch icon and accessing the icon menu can be found in the appropriate Installing and Using SPECTRUM for guide If you are using the Hub View you can select the Bridge Mgmt option from the Bridge menu available only in Bridge Application Display mode or if you are running in a sta...

Страница 105: ...reas of the window to initiate management tasks The following diagram shows you how to display the Bridge Traffic View Device and Port menus Figure 6 1 Mousing Around the Bridge Traffic View To display the Device menu 1 Click on in the Bridge Traffic View front panel To display a Port menu 1 Click mouse button 3 in a Bridge Port box Each box represents a bridge port Click button 3 anywhere within ...

Страница 106: ...e device s internal 24 hour clock which you can set in the Bridge Status window see The Bridge Status Window page 6 11 Device Name This field displays the name you ve assigned to this device in the Bridge Status window see The Bridge Status Window page 6 11 Device Location This field displays the location you ve assigned to this device in the Bridge Status window see The Bridge Status Window page ...

Страница 107: ... the Bridge Status window Display a summary of bridge statistics Open the Filtering Database window Open the Find MAC Address window Open the Special Database window Open the Spanning Tree Protocol window Open the Polling Intervals window If you need to call Cabletron s Technical Support about a problem with the Bridge View you ll need the information provided in the Information window Figure 6 2 ...

Страница 108: ...e buttons located at the bottom of the Bridge Traffic View See the next section Choosing Bridge Traffic Information Bridge Traffic View Buttons for instructions on using these buttons Choosing Bridge Traffic Information Bridge Traffic View Buttons The four buttons at the bottom of the Bridge Traffic View control the type of information that appears in some of the Bridge Port box fields The Port nu...

Страница 109: ...rt is able to participate in bridging and the Spanning Tree Algorithm Disabled The port cannot participate in bridging or Spanning Tree operations A port s State indicates whether or not the port is forwarding packets and participating in the exchange of BPDUs The Spanning Tree Algorithm determines the state of each port in order to maintain an active topology with no data loops As a port moves fr...

Страница 110: ...Port boxes displays the total number of frames forwarded by this bridge port to another port on the bridge during the last polling interval When you click on Percentage the Forward field in the Bridge Port boxes displays the percentage of all frames received by the port from its network segment that were also forwarded to another port on the bridge during the last polling interval The Detail View ...

Страница 111: ...Using the Detail View Window 6 9 Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View Figure 6 3 Detail View Showing Four Ports ...

Страница 112: ...s the total frames transmitted and received by the port Port summary information includes Port Index at the top of the Bridge Port box Port Status Bridge Port State and Frames Forwarded You can display Frames Forwarded as a delta value the total number of frames forwarded by this bridge port to any other port on the bridge during the last polling interval or as a percentage value showing the perce...

Страница 113: ...ion for any of the Bridge Status window fields 1 Display the Device menu by clicking on the Front Panel button 2 In the Device menu drag down to Status and release 3 In the Status window highlight a text box type in the new information press Enter or Return on the keyboard to set your changes before selecting a new field Figure 6 5 Bridge Status Window The Bridge Statistics Window The Bridge Stati...

Страница 114: ... index a unique value for each network interface to which this port connects Only a WAN port will connect to more than one interface simultaneously PortCircuit When dealing with X 25 virtual circuits it s possible for two Port Indexes to have the same IfIndex In such a case Port Circuit contains the value of a MIB object instance unique to the port otherwise Port Circuit is equal to 0 0 For exampl...

Страница 115: ...ocated on the network from which the packet was received the bridge filters does not forward the packet If the destination address is located on a different network the bridge forwards the packet to the appropriate network If the destination address isn t found in the Filtering Database the bridge forwards the packet to all networks To keep Filtering Database entries current older entries are purg...

Страница 116: ... button 1 on the appropriate selection box to view either the Forwarding or Static database Figure 6 7 Filtering Database Window Two fields at the top of the Filtering Database window provide information about the Filtering Database Ageing Time secs The current setting of the bridge s Dynamic Ageing Timer used to purge Forwarding entries from the Filtering Database or to purge static entries subje...

Страница 117: ...ort number Status Indicates how the entry got into the database learned The address was copied into the database from the source address field of a received frame self Identifies one of the bridge ports management Indicates an entry that was entered into the database manually The status field of all static entries in the Forwarding Table will display management invalid The entry is a learned entry...

Страница 118: ...X X X X X X X 25 26 27 X X X X X Status Indicates the assigned permanence of the entry permanent The entry won t be aged out or deleted on reset deleteOnReset The entry will be deleted when the bridge is reset deleteOnTimeout The entry is subject to the ageing timer The buttons at the bottom of the window provide the following functions The Delete button is only available when the Filtering Databa...

Страница 119: ...Filtering Database before being purged due to inactivity Purging older entries ensures that the Filtering Database is always using current information to make filter forward decisions To change the Dynamic Ageing Time 1 In the Filtering Database window click mouse button 1 on the Change Ageing Time button to open the Change Ageing Time window Figure 6 8 Changing the Filtering Database Ageing Time ...

Страница 120: ...ow 1 Open the Filtering Database window by clicking on the Front Panel button drag down to Filtering Database to display the Filtering Database window 2 If the Filtering Database window displays Forwarding entries highlight the entry you want to change and click on the Add to Static Table button or If the Filtering Database window displays Static entries highlight an entry and click on the Change ...

Страница 121: ...Port To change an entry 1 Click mouse button 1 on the port in the Receive Port list box that you want to specify as the receive port for the entry in the Static Address field remember that if All is selected the entry will be applied to packets received on any port 2 Click mouse button 1 on any port or ports in the Forward To Ports list that you want to be displayed in the Filtering Database windo...

Страница 122: ...one that selects one of two or more available bridge paths between two end stations basing its decision on factors associated with each of the bridges in the path A Designated Port Bridge for a network segment relays frames toward the Root Bridge or from the Root Bridge onto the network segment When data passes from one end station to another across a bridged local area network it is forwarded thr...

Страница 123: ...col Window The Spanning Tree Protocol window displays the following information Spanning Tree Version The version shows the Spanning Tree Protocol type employed by this bridge IEEE 802 1d DEC LAN 100 None You must use either 802 1d or DEC to interconnect all bridges in a network using parallel bridges By default a Cabletron bridge turns on the 802 1d Spanning Tree All of Cabletron s bridge product...

Страница 124: ...ime that will be in effect when the bridge for which you are setting the parameters becomes the Root Bridge Forward Delay The length of time in seconds that controls how long a bridge port remains in each state Forwarding Learning Listening etc when moving toward the Forwarding state During a topology change the Forward Delay is also used as the Filtering Database Ageing Time which ensures that th...

Страница 125: ...bridge adds a cost to a particular path that a frame must travel For example if each port in a particular path has a Path Cost of 1 the Root Cost would be a count of the number of bridges along the path This field will read 0 if an interface on the 7C0x SmartSwitch is the Root Bridge See Changing a Port s STA Parameters page 6 27 to find out how to set a port s Path Cost Hold Time The minimum time...

Страница 126: ...Root Hello Time The Hello Time that will be implemented if this bridge is the Root or becomes the Root The IEEE 802 1d specification recommends that Hello Time 2 seconds with an allowable range of 1 to 10 seconds The Spanning Tree Port Table button opens the window in which you set Spanning Tree parameters for individual bridge ports see The Spanning Tree Port Parameters Window page 6 25 for more ...

Страница 127: ...down to Spanning Tree The scroll list at the top of the window lists each bridge port available on the device and its current port priority Below the Port List the window includes the following Priority Port If two or more ports on the same bridge are connected to the same network segment each port will receive the same device level values for Root ID Root Cost and Bridge ID in Configuration BPDUs...

Страница 128: ...field in received configuration BPDUs Designated Root The unique Bridge Identifier of the bridge that is assumed to be the Root Bridge on the network this information is contained in the Configuration BPDUs Designated Bridge Displays the MAC address and priority component of the Bridge ID for the bridge that is believed to be the Designated Bridge for the network segment associated with this port ...

Страница 129: ... port s Spanning Tree parameters appear in the boxes below the list 2 Highlight and edit the Priority and Path Cost boxes as required After you type in the new value in a box press Enter or Return on the keyboard Creating Bridge Traffic Charts Graphs and Meters The Bridge application uses the SPMA Charts Graphs and Meters tools to depict bridge statistics describing activity at the bridge port lev...

Страница 130: ...idge Traffic View click mouse button 3 on a bridge port to display the Port menu 2 Drag down to Forwarding Statistics Transparent and release to open the Statistics window NOTE Graphing capabilities are provided by an application that is included in HP Network Node Manager and IBM NetView therefore graphs are only available when SPMA is run in conjunction with one of these network management platf...

Страница 131: ...eing forwarded Frms Fwd The total number of frames forwarded to from the selected port to from the other bridge ports during the last polling interval of Total In the Frames forwarded to each Bridge Port list box this is the percentage of all frames forwarded to the selected port that were then forwarded to other bridge ports during the last polling interval In the Frames forwarded from each Bridg...

Страница 132: ...ng Thresholds You can define notification thresholds for bridge port forwarding levels and then have SPMA use those thresholds to do one or more of the following Color code the Bridge Port display boxes Send Internet mail to a registered user Launch a program on your management workstation To open the Forwarding Thresholds window 1 Click button 3 anywhere within a Bridge Port display box in the Br...

Страница 133: ...dge at preset intervals as defined in the Polling Intervals window accessed from the Bridge View Device menu A port s traffic level can pass from one range to the next and then back to the original level between polls from SPMA When this occurs SPMA won t record that the threshold has been passed because the event was never observed A traffic level is the specified value of forwarded frames as a p...

Страница 134: ...nges click on the Low Mid or High buttons to the left of the range fields drag to highlight the desired color and release The selected color will be displayed on the button and will be used in the Bridge Port boxes when the color s corresponding range is reached 3 In the Notification Options section you can enable disable threshold event logging enable disable the Bridge Port box colors and assign...

Страница 135: ...chosen will be saved to the bridge database b If you select As Default the chosen options and conditions will be saved as default values The saved information will be used for any IP not having an entry in the bridge database c If you select By IP the options and conditions chosen for that IP will be saved to the bridge database and the next time the application is run for this device the saved va...

Страница 136: ...clear all logs or just the current log 1 Click on the Clear button and then select the appropriate choice either Current Log or All Logs To change the number of entries retained by the log 1 Highlight the Max Number line type a new number and press Return on the keyboard NOTE Log entries are stored in the SPMA software When the maximum number of entries is reached the entries get aged out as neces...

Страница 137: ...rt menu 2 In the Port menu click button 3 on Forwarding Thresholds and then drag right to Transparent 3 In the Forwarding Thresholds window deselect the Log Changes in State box 4 Click on the Apply button and then click on either Selected Only or All Changing Polling Intervals Much of the information displayed in the Bridge Traffic View is gathered periodically rather than continuously You can ed...

Страница 138: ... to the bridge In Transparent bridges the disabled port does not forward any packets nor does it participate in Spanning Tree operations When you enable a port on a Transparent bridge the port moves from the Disabled state through the Blocking Learning and Listening states to the Forwarding state Enabling and Disabling a Transparent Bridge Port To enable or disable a Transparent bridge port 1 In t...

Страница 139: ...ransparent bridge port the port s display box turns blue When you enable a Transparent bridge port the port s color changes to indicate the forwarding threshold range Port color codes are only active if the Color box is selected in the Forwarding Thresholds window Color codes are on by default ...

Страница 140: ...Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View 6 38 Enabling and Disabling Ports ...

Страница 141: ...a defined set of objects For example 7C0x bridging information is organized into its own component and SecureFast switching resides in a separate component RMON functionality is contained within its own component and an ATM component will be instantiated whenever a 7A06 01 NIM is installed in the SmartSwitch chassis The 7C0x SmartSwitch MIB consists of up to nine components each of which is descri...

Страница 142: ...es at ip icmp udp and snmp groups from MIB II and the objects that provide Local Management functionality are also included The community names assigned to this MIB component provide the gateway that all SPMA applications use to access all information in the other components even if those components have different community names the Chassis MGR community names are the same as those assigned via L...

Страница 143: ...ress testing frame status version IDs and upstream neighbor addresses SWITCH Services The SWITCH Services MIB component instantiated only when the 7C0x has been configured currently via Local Management to operate in SecureFast switching mode provides the objects necessary for SecureFast switching operation including administrative and operational status port types switch capacity connection table...

Страница 144: ...l such as those provided by SunNet Manager or HP Network Node Manager to access MIB information For these kinds of tools you must supply the precise community name assigned to the component that contains the information you want For devices which support the new global community names like the 7C0x SmartSwitch this only means that you must make note of the automatic modifications that are made for...

Страница 145: ... 2 14 bridge port state 6 7 blocking 6 7 broken 6 8 disabled 6 7 forwarding 6 8 learning 6 8 listening 6 7 bridge port status 6 7 disabled 6 7 enabled 6 7 bridge port Traffic levels 6 31 Bridge Protocol Data Units BPDUs 6 2 6 20 Bridge Statistics window 6 11 Bridge Status window setting and changing information 6 11 Bridge Traffic View buttons 6 6 Bridge View access levels 6 2 changing front panel...

Страница 146: ...geing Time 6 13 6 17 E Enabling or Disabling FDDI Ports 4 5 Encapsulation Type 5 4 Errors Ethernet RMON 2 19 MIB II 2 18 Execute Program 6 32 F falling action 3 5 3 8 falling alarm threshold 3 1 falling threshold 3 5 3 7 3 8 FDDI connection rules 4 22 FDDI Front Panel Status 2 5 FDDI MAC Chart Window 4 18 FDDI SMT A 3 fddialrm 4 9 fddicnfg 4 13 fddicpol 4 21 fddiptcf 4 2 fddislst 4 24 Filtering Da...

Страница 147: ...n 3 11 logEventIndex 3 10 logIndex 3 10 logTime 3 11 M MAC Address 4 25 6 5 management entry status 6 15 manipulating the Hub View display 2 2 Max Age 6 22 Max Connections 2 24 maximum log entries 6 34 maximum transfer unit 6 13 Media Type 4 4 Menus always available 2 6 Bridge mode 2 6 Interface mode 2 6 Switch mode 2 6 Meters tool accessing 6 27 MIB component A 1 descriptions A 4 MIB I II 1 4 2 3...

Страница 148: ...0 2 26 self entry status 6 15 Send Mail 6 32 set bridge port thresholds 6 31 Sfs Admin Status 2 23 Sfs Operating Status 2 24 SMT Connection Policy 2 28 SMT Index 2 10 4 3 4 10 SMT MAC Configuration 2 28 Software Version 2 21 Source Address 6 15 Source Routing button 6 8 Spanning Tree Algorithm STA 6 2 6 20 version 6 21 Spanning Tree Port Table 6 26 accessing 6 25 Spanning Tree Protocol window 6 21...

Страница 149: ... 26 U unique community names A 3 unused resources 3 9 UPS 1 4 configuration tool 2 27 Uptime 6 4 V VC MUX 802 3 Bridging 5 4 viewing an alarm log 3 1 3 5 3 10 Virtual Channel Identifier VCI 5 3 Virtual Path Identifier VPI 5 3 W Web site 1 8 ...

Страница 150: ...Index Index 6 ...

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