manualshive.com logo in svg

Siemens SIPROTEC 7SA511, Instruction Manual

The Siemens SIPROTEC 7SA511 is a reliable and efficient protection relay system. This multi-functional device ensures the safety of electrical power systems. Its comprehensive Instruction Manual is available for free download on manualshive.com, providing users with detailed guidance on installation, configuration, and operation of this advanced product.

Share
Download
background image

2SHUDWLQJ LQVWUXFWLRQV

6$

9

&*&

   

8 0 ( $ 6

8 

 

9

9ROWDJH WKUHVKROG SKDVHWRSKDVH EHORZ ZKLFK WKH

YROWDJH IDLOXUH PRQLWRU RSHUDWHV

6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH

/DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH

9

9

   

8 0 ( $ 6

, !

   

,  , Q

0LQLPXP FXUUHQW WR GHWHFW D YROWDJH IDLOXUH

6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH

/DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH

,

1

,

1

7KH VHWWLQJ YDOXHV RI WKH IXVH IDLOXUH PRQLWRU DG

GUHVVHV  DQG  KDYH WR EH FKRVHQ VR WKDW LW

SLFNV XS UHOLDEO\ LQ WKH FDVH RI VLQJOH SKDVH YROWDJH

IDLOXUH FULWHULRQ  [ 8

 EXW RQ WKH RWKHU KDQG GRHV

QRW SLFNXS LQ WKH FDVH RI HDUWK IDXOWV LQ DQ HDUWKHG

QHWZRUN ,

(

PXVW WKHUHIRUH EH VHW DW D FRUUHVSRQG

LQJO\ VHQVLWLYH OHYHO EHORZ WKH VPDOOHVW IDXOW FXUUHQW

LQ WKH FDVH RI HDUWK IDXOWV

7KH IXQFWLRQ

k

)XVH IDLO

XUH PRQLWRUl PXVW QRW EH FKRVHQ IRU OLQHV LQ

HDUWKHG QHWZRUNV LQ ZKLFK HDUWK IDXOWV ZLWK VPDOO

RU ]HUR HDUWK FXUUHQWV FDQ RFFXU

 IRU H[DPSOH

ZKHQ IHHGHU WUDQVIRUPHUV PD\ QRW EH HDUWKHG ,Q

QRQHDUWKHG QHWZRUNV WKLV IXVH IDLOXUH PRQLWRU LV QRW

PHDQLQJIXO DQG ZLOO EH LJQRUHG E\ WKH 6$ 7KH

IXVH IDLOXUH PRQLWRU FDQ EH VZLWFKHG RII XQGHU DG

GUHVV 

   

) 8 6 (  ) $ , /

2 1

2 ) )

)XVH IDLOXUH PRQLWRU LV

21

VZLWFKHG RQ

2))

VZLWFKHG RII

   

) ) 0

  8 R !

 

9

'LVSODFHPHQW YROWDJH 

8

 DERYH ZKLFK IXVH IDLO

XUH VKRXOG EH GHWHFWHG

6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH

/DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH

9

9

   

) ) 0

, H 

   

,  , Q

(DUWK FXUUHQW DERYH ZKLFK QR IXVH IDLOXUH LV DV

VXPHG

6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH

/DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH

,

1

,

1

Summary of Contents for SIPROTEC 7SA511

Page 1: ... QVWUXFWLRQ 0DQXDO 1XPHULFDO LVWDQFH 3URWHFWLRQ 5HOD 6 3527 6 9 2UGHU 1R LJXUH OOXVWUDWLRQ RI WKH QXPHULFDO GLVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ UHOD 6 LQ KRXVLQJ IRU VXUIDFH PRXQWLQJ 6LHPHQV ...

Page 2: ... ZLWKLQ VSHFLILHG YROWDJH OLPLWV RZ YROWDJH GLUHFWLYH RQIRUPLW LV SURYHG E WHVWV WKDW KDG EHHQ SHUIRUPHG DFFRUGLQJ WR DUWLFOH RI WKH RXQFLO LUHFWLYH LQ DFFRU GDQFH ZLWK WKH JHQHULF VWDQGDUGV 1 DQG 1 IRU 0 GLUHFWLYH DQG WKH VWDQGDUGV 1 IRU ORZ YROWDJH GLUHFWLYH E 6LHPHQV 7KH GHYLFH LV GHVLJQHG DQG PDQXIDFWXUHG IRU DSSOLFDWLRQ LQ LQGXVWULDO HQYLURQPHQW 7KH GHYLFH LV GHVLJQHG LQ DFFRUGDQFH ZLWK WKH L...

Page 3: ...V 6HUYLFH FRQGLWLRQV HVLJQ LVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ 3RZHU VZLQJ VXSSOHPHQW RSWLRQDO RQO ZLWK LPSHGDQFH IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ 7HOHSURWHFWLRQ LQWHUIDFH 8VHU GHILQDEOH ORJLF IXQFWLRQV 7KHUPDO RYHUORDG SURWHFWLRQ DUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ LQ QRQ HDUWKHG V VWHPV RSWLRQDO LJK UHVLVWDQFH HDUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ LQ VROLGO HDUWKHG V VWHPV RSWLRQDO XWR UHFORVXUH RSWLRQDO 6 QFKURQLVP DQG YROWDJH FKHFN RSWLRQDO DXOW ORFDWLRQ Q...

Page 4: ...UPLVVLYH RYHUUHDFK WUDQVIHU WULS ZLWK LUHFWLRQDO FRPSDULVRQ IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ RQH UHOHDVH 8QEORFNLQJ PRGH ZLWK LUHFWLRQDO XQEORFNLQJ PRGH ZLWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ ORFNLQJ PRGH 2YHUUHDFKLQJ RQH FRPSDULVRQ YLD SLORW ZLUHV 5HYHUVH LQWHUORFNLQJ HDN LQIHHG PHDVXUHV HFKR IXQFWLRQ 7UDQVLHQW EORFNLQJ 8VHU GHILQDEOH ORJLF IXQFWLRQV WULS FRPPDQGV DQG DQQXQFLDWLRQV PHUJHQF RYHUFXUUHQW WLPH SURWHFWLRQ 7KHUPDO RYHUO...

Page 5: ...ODWLRQ LQVWUXFWLRQV 8QSDFNLQJ DQG UHSDFNLQJ 3UHSDUDWLRQV 0RXQWLQJ DQG FRQQHFWLRQV 0RGHO 6 4 4 444 IRU SDQHO VXUIDFH PRXQWLQJ 0RGHO 6 4 4 444 IRU SDQHO IOXVK PRXQWLQJ RU 4 444 IRU FXELFOH LQVWDOODWLRQ KHFNLQJ WKH UDWHG GDWD RQWURO G F YROWDJH RI ELQDU LQSXWV QVHUWLQJ WKH EDFN XS EDWWHU KHFNLQJ WKH 6 WUDQVPLVVLRQ OLQN RQQHFWLRQV KHFNLQJ WKH FRQQHFWLRQV RQILJXUDWLRQ RI RSHUDWLRQ DQG PHPRU IXQFWLRQV 2...

Page 6: ...HUUHDFK WUDQVIHU VFKHPHV DGGUHVV EORFN 2YHUUHDFK WUDQVIHU VFKHPHV DGGUHVV EORFN 6HWWLQJV IRU XVHU GHILQDEOH ORJLF IXQFWLRQV DGGUHVV EORFN 6HWWLQJV IRU HPHUJHQF RYHUFXUUHQW WLPH SURWHFWLRQ DGGUHVV EORFN 6HWWLQJV IRU WKHUPDO RYHUORDG SURWHFWLRQ DGGUHVV EORFN 6HWWLQJV IRU PHDVXUHG YDOXH PRQLWRULQJ DGGUHVV EORFN 6HWWLQJV IRU HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ LQ V VWHPV ZLWK LVRODWHG RU FRPSHQVDWHG VWDU SRLQW DGGU...

Page 7: ...LRQ IRU QRQ HDUWKHG V VWHPV LI ILWWHG 7HVWLQJ WKH KLJK UHVLVWDQFH HDUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ IRU HDUWKHG V VWHPV LI ILWWHG 7HVWLQJ WKH LQWHUQDO DXWR UHFORVH IXQFWLRQV LI ILWWHG 7HVWLQJ WKH LQWHUQDO V QFKURQLVP DQG YROWDJH FKHFN IXQFWLRQV LI ILWWHG RPPLVVLRQLQJ XVLQJ SULPDU WHVWV XUUHQW YROWDJH DQG SKDVH VHTXHQFH FKHFNV LUHFWLRQ FKHFN ZLWK ORDG FXUUHQW DUWK IDXOW FKHFNV IRU QRQ HDUWKHG V VWHPV LI XVHG ...

Page 8: ...WLFXODU SUREOHPV DULVH ZKLFK DUH QRW FRYHUHG VXIILFLHQWO IRU WKH SXUFKDVHU V SXUSRVH WKH PDWWHU VKRXOG EH UHIHUUHG WR WKH ORFDO 6LHPHQV VDOHV RIILFH 7KH FRQWHQWV RI WKLV LQVWUXFWLRQ PDQXDO VKDOO QRW EHFRPH SDUW QRU PRGLI DQ SULRU RU H LVWLQJ DJUHH PHQW FRPPLWPHQW RU UHODWLRQVKLS 7KH VDOHV FRQ WUDFW FRQWDLQV WKH HQWLUH REOLJDWLRQV RI 6LHPHQV 7KH ZDUUDQW FRQWDLQHG LQ WKH FRQWUDFW EHWZHHQ WKH SDU WLH...

Page 9: ...DLQ ZLWKLQ WROHUDQFH DUH REYLRXVO LQKHUHQW IHDWXUHV 6HULDO LQWHUIDFHV DOORZ FRPSUHKHQVLYH FRPPXQLFD WLRQ ZLWK RWKHU GLJLWDO FRQWURO DQG VWRUDJH GHYLFHV RU GDWD WUDQVPLVVLRQ D VWDQGDUGL HG SURWRFRO LQ DF FRUGDQFH ZLWK 9 9 DQG LV XVHG DV ZHOO DV DFFRUGLQJ 1 VHOHFW DEOH 7KH GHYLFH FDQ WKHUHIRUH EH LQFRUSRUDWHG LQ RFDOL HG 6XEVWDWLRQ XWRPDWLRQ QHWZRUNV 6 7KH V VWHP LQWHUIDFH LV VXLWHG WR FRPPXQLFDWLRQ...

Page 10: ...QGHUUHDFK WUDQVIHU WULSSLQJ 3877 SHUPLVVLYH RYHUUHDFK WUDQVIHU WULSSLQJ 3277 LQ UHOHDVH RU EORFN PRGH HDG IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ SURYLGHV KLJK VSHHG RSHUDWLRQ DW HLWKHU OLQH HQG ZKHQ VZLWFKLQJ PDQXDOO RQWR D EROWHG IDXOW PHUJHQF RYHUFXUUHQW IXQFWLRQ ZLWK WZR VWDJH GHILQLWH WLPH RYHUFXUUHQW FKDUDF WHULVWLF DQG VHSDUDWH HDUWK FXUUHQW VWDJH IRU kHPHUJHQF RSHUDWLRQl LI YROWDJH WUDQVIRUPHU P F E WULSV RU IRU...

Page 11: ... IDXOW GLVWDQFH LQ RKPV SULPDU DQG VHF RQGDU NLORPHWHUV DQG OLQH OHQJWK RSWLRQDOO ZLWK SDUDOOHO OLQH PXWXDO FRPSHQVDWLRQ 7KH VWDQGDUG IXQFWLRQV DOVR LQFOXGH WZR ORJLFDO IXQFWLRQV ZLWK WLPH VWDJHV ZKLFK FDQ EH GHILQHG E WKH XVHU LQ RUGHU WR FRPELQH GHOD RU SURFHVV H WHUQDO VLJQDOV FRQWLQXRXV VHOI PRQLWRULQJ ULJKW IURP WKH FLU FXLWV WKURXJK WKH FXUUHQW DQG YROWDJH WUDQVIRUPHU LQSXWV WR WKH WULSSLQJ ...

Page 12: ...IRU WKH KRXVLQJ LV 3 IRU WKH WHUPLQDOV 3 RU GLPHQVLRQV SOHDVH UH IHU WR LJXUH 6 4 4 444 LQ KRXVLQJ 3 IRU SDQHO IOXVK PRXQWLQJ RU 6 4 4 444 IRU FXELFOH LQVWDOODWLRQ 7KH KRXVLQJ KDV IXOO VKHHW PHWDO FRYHUV DV ZHOO DV D UHPRYDEOH IURQW FRYHU ZLWK WUDQVSDUHQW SODVWLF ZLQGRZ IRU SDQHO PRXQWLQJ 3ODVWLF JXLGH UDLOV DUH EXLOW LQ IRU WKH VXSSRUW RI SOXJ LQ PRGXOHV 1H W WR WKH JXLGH UDLO DW WKH ERW WRP RQ W...

Page 13: ... HVLJQ 6 9 KRUL RQWDO SRVLWLRQ YHUWLFDO SRVLWLRQ FRQVHFXWLYH FRQQHFWLRQ QXPEHU HDY FXUUHQW FRQQHFWRU H J 9ROWDJH FRQQHFWRU H J LJXUH RQQHFWLRQ SOXJV UHDU YLHZ KRXVLQJ IRU IOXVK PRXQWLQJ H DPSOH ...

Page 14: ... IRU SDQHO VXUIDFH PRXQWLQJ 3 QWHUIDFH IRU RSWLFDO ILEUH EHORZ 5HVHW DQG SDJ LQJ EXWWRQV 0D WHUPLQDOV IRU FURVV VHFWLRQ PD PP 2SWLFDO ILEUH FRQQHFWRUV LQWHJUDWHG 60 FRQQHFWRU ZLWK FHUDPLF SRVW H J IRU JODVV ILEUH XP DUWKLQJ WHUPLQDO LPHQVLRQV LQ PP LJXUH LPHQVLRQV IRU KRXVLQJ 3 IRU SDQHO VXUIDFH PRXQWLQJ ...

Page 15: ... HDY FXUUHQW FRQQHFWRUV 6FUHZHG WHUPLQDO IRU PD PP 7ZLQ VSULQJ FULPS FRQQHFWRU LQ SDUDOOHO IRU PD PP XUWKHU FRQQHFWRUV 6FUHZHG WHUPLQDO IRU PD PP 7ZLQ VSULQJ FULPS FRQQHFWRU LQ SDUDOOHO IRU PD PP 2SWLFDO ILEUH FRQQHFWRUV LQWHJUDWHG 60 FRQQHFWRU ZLWK FHUDPLF SRVW H J IRU JODVV ILEUH XP LJXUH LPHQVLRQV IRU KRXVLQJ 3 IRU SDQHO IOXVK PRXQWLQJ RU FXELFOH LQVWDOODWLRQ ...

Page 16: ...LWK LVRODWHG VHULDO LQWHUIDFH VLPLODU 9 RU 56 ZLWK VHULDO LQWHUIDFH IRU RSWLFDO ILEUH FRQQHFWLRQ 2SHUDWLQJ ODQJXDJH HUPDQ QJOLVK UHQFK DXOW GHWHFWLRQ V VWHPV 2YHUFXUUHQW IDXOW GHWHFWRUV 2YHUFXUUHQW DQG YROWDJH FRQWUROOHG XQGHULPSHGDQFH 8 DQG SRO JRQDO LPSHGDQFH IDXOW GHWHFWRUV 2YHUFXUUHQW DQG XQGHULPSHGDQFH 8 IDXOW GHWHFWRUV 0HDVXUHG FXUUHQW LQSXW IRU HDUWK FXUUHQW QSXW IRU UHVLGXDO FXUUHQW RI SUR...

Page 17: ...R 5HFORVXUH 3 2 3DUDPHWHU KDQJH 2YHU IDFLOLW 6 6 QFKURQLVP DQG YROWDJH KHFN ZLWKRXW 5 ZLWKRXW 6 ZLWKRXW 3 2 ZLWK 5 SROH ZLWK 6 ZLWKRXW 3 2 ZLWK 5 SROH ZLWK 6 ZLWKRXW 3 2 ZLWKRXW 5 ZLWK 6 ZLWK 3 2 ZLWK 5 SROH ZLWK 6 ZLWK 3 2 ZLWK 5 SROH ZLWK 6 ZLWK 3 2 6XSSOHPHQWV 36 3RZHU 6ZLQJ RSWLRQ LJK UHVLVWDQFH DUWK DXOW SURWHFWLRQ IRU HDUWKHG V VWHPV ZLWKRXW 36 ZLWKRXW ZLWK 36 ZLWKRXW ZLWKRXW 36 ZLWK ZLWK 36...

Page 18: ...O UPV l 1 IRU VHFRQG l 1 IRU VHFRQGV l 1 FRQWLQXRXV G QDPLF LPSXOVH l 1 KDOI F FOH 2YHUORDG FDSDELOLW FW FLUFXLW IRU KLJKO VHQVLWLYH HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ WKHUPDO UPV IRU VHFRQG IRU VHFRQGV FRQWLQXRXV 2YHUORDG FDSDELOLW YW FLUFXLWV WKHUPDO UPV 9 FRQWLQXRXV X LOLDU VXSSO X LOLDU GF YROWDJH VXSSO YLD LQWHJUDWHG GF GF FRQYHUWHU X LOLDU YROWDJH 8 9 GF 9 GF 9 GF WR 9 GF WR 9 GF WR 9 GF 2SHUDWLQJ UDQJHV...

Page 19: ...SROH VXEPLQLDWXUH FRQQHFWRU DFFRUGLQJ 62 IRU FRQQHFWLRQ RI D SHUVRQDO FRPSXWHU RU VLPLODU 7UDQVPLVVLRQ VSHHG DV GHOLYHUHG DXG PLQ DXG PD DXG QWHUIDFH IRU GDWD WUDQVIHU WR D FRQWURO FHQWUH 6WDQGDUGV VLPLODU 9 9 WR 77 56 WR 3URWRFRO DFFRUGLQJ WR RU 1 7UDQVPLVVLRQ VSHHG DV GHOLYHUHG DXG PLQ DXG PD DXG 7UDQVPLVVLRQ VHFXULW DPPLQJ GLVWDQFH G RQQHFWLRQ GLUHFWO DW KRXVLQJ WHUPLQDOV FRUH SDLUV ZLWK LQGLYL...

Page 20: ...ERWK SRODULWLHV S 5L 8 DQG FODVV 5DGLR IUHTXHQF HOHFWURPDJQHWLF ILHOG 9 P 0 WR 0 QRQ PRGXODWHG UHSRUW FODVV 5DGLR IUHTXHQF HOHFWURPDJQHWLF ILHOG 9 P 0 WR 0 0 N DPSOLWXGH PRGXODWHG FODVV 5DGLR IUHTXHQF HOHFWURPDJQHWLF ILHOG SXOVH 9 P 0 UHSHWLWLRQ IUHTXHQF PRGXODWHG 19 FODVV GXW F FOH DVW WUDQVLHQWV DQG FODVV N9 QV N EXUVW OHQJWK PV UHSHWLWLRQ UDWH PV ERWK SRODULWLHV 5L 8 GXUDWLRQ PLQ RQGXFWHG GLVWX...

Page 21: ...YH PLQ F FOH LQ RUWKRJRQDO D HV 9LEUDWLRQ DQG VKRFN GXULQJ WUDQVSRUW 6WDQGDUGV DQG 9LEUDWLRQ VLQXVRLGDO FODVV WR PP DPSOLWXGH WR J DFFHOHUDWLRQ VZHHS UDWH RFWDYH PLQ F FOHV LQ RUWKRJRQDO D HV 6KRFN KDOI VLQH FODVV DFFHOHUDWLRQ J GXUDWLRQ PV VKRFNV LQ HDFK GLUHFWLRQ RI RUWKRJRQDO D HV RQWLQXRXV VKRFN KDOI VLQH FODVV DFFHOHUDWLRQ J GXUDWLRQ PV VKRFNV HDFK GLUHFWLRQ RI RUWKRJRQDO D HV OLPDWLF VWUHVV ...

Page 22: ... VWDWLRQV IURP N9 XSZDUGV VKRXOG EH VFUHHQHG ZLWK D VFUHHQ FDSDEOH RI FDUU LQJ SRZHU FXUUHQWV DQG HDUWKHG DW ERWK VLGHV 1R VSHFLDO PHDVXUHV DUH QRUPDOO QHFHVVDU IRU VXE VWDWLRQV RI ORZHU YROW DJHV W LV QRW SHUPLVVLEOH WR ZLWKGUDZ RU LQVHUW LQGLYLGX DO PRGXOHV XQGHU YROWDJH Q WKH ZLWKGUDZQ FRQGL WLRQ VRPH FRPSRQHQWV DUH HOHFWURVWDWLFDOO HQ GDQJHUHG GXULQJ KDQGOLQJ WKH VWDQGDUGV IRU HOHFWURVWDWLFDOO...

Page 23: ...WHFWLRQ XQGHU LPSHGDQFH IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ RSWLRQDO KDUDFWHULVWLF WZR VWDJH ZLWK VHWWDEOH LQFOLQDWLRQ 9ROWDJH FRQWURO E 8SK H RU 8SK SK VHOHFWDEOH 6HWWLQJ UDQJHV PLQLPXP FXUUHQW SLFN XS SK WR k 1 VWHSV k 1 8QGHUYROWDJH SLFN XS 8SK H 9 WR 9 VWHSV 9 8SK SK 9 WR 9 VWHSV 9 URS RII UDWLRV SK DSSUR 8SK H 8SK SK DSSUR 0HDVXULQJ WROHUDQFHV DFFRUGLQJ 9 SDUW PSHGDQFH IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ IL LPSHGDQFH RSWLRQDO KDUDF...

Page 24: ...LWLYLW G QDPLFDOO XQOLPLWHG 7LPHV 6KRUWHVW WULSSLQJ WLPH DSSUR PV URS RII WLPH DSSUR PV 7LPH VWDJHV 6HWWLQJ UDQJHV V WR V VWHSV V IRU DOO VWDJHV RU L H VWDJH LQHIIHFWLYH 7LPH H SLU WROHUDQFHV RI VHW YDOXH RU PV OO VWDJHV FDQ EH VHW WR RSHUDWH LQ IRUZDUG RU UHYHUVH GLUHFWLRQ RU QRQ GLUHFWLRQDO 7KH VHW WLPHV DUH SXUH GHOD WLPHV 2YHUFXUUHQW HPHUJHQF SURWHFWLRQ ZLWK PHDVXUHG YROWDJH IDLOXUH H J 97 VHF...

Page 25: ...SURWHFWLRQ PRGHV VHOHFWDEOH 3HUPLVVLYH XQGHUUHDFK WUDQVIHU WULS IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ DFFHOHUDWLRQ RQH DFFHOHUDWLRQ VSHFLDO RQH 7UDQVPLW VLJQDO SURORQJDWLRQ V WR V VWHSV V 7UDQVPLW VLJQDO GHOD V WR V VWHSV V 5HFHLYHG VLJQDO SURORQJDWLRQ V WR V VWHSV V 3HUPLVVLYH RYHUUHDFK WUDQVIHU WULS UHOHDVH RYHUUHDFKLQJ RQH UHOHDVH IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ RQH GLUHFWLRQDO XQEORFNLQJ RQH XQEORFNLQJ IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ RQH GLUHFWLR...

Page 26: ... WR VWHSV 7LPH FRQVWDQW U WR PLQ VWHSV PLQ 7KHUPDO ZDUQLQJ VWDJH 3ZDUQ 3WULS WR UHIHUUHG WR WULS WHPSHUDWXUH ULVH VWHSV XUUHQW ZDUQLQJ VWDJH ZDUQ 1 WR VWHSV 7ULS WLPH FKDUDFWHULVWLF W U ô OQ Æ N ô 1 É Æ SUH N ô 1 É Æ N ô 1 É W WULS WLPH U WLPH FRQVWDQW ORDG FXUUHQW SUH SUHORDG FXUUHQW N IDFWRU DFFRUGLQJ WR UHIHU DOVR WR LJXUHV DQG URS RII UDWLRV 3 3WULS DSSUR 3 3ZDUQ DSSUR ZDUQ DSSUR 7ROHUDQFHV UH...

Page 27: ...OXH WLPH FRQVWDQW 3DUDPHWHU VHWWLQJ YDOXH WLPH FRQVWDQW IRU SUHORDG W U ô OQ Æ N ô 1 É Æ SUH N ô 1 É Æ N ô 1 É W U ô OQ Æ N ô 1 É Æ N ô 1 É LJXUH 7ULS WLPH FKDUDFWHULVWLF RI RYHUORDG SURWHFWLRQ ZLWKRXW SUHORDG LJXUH 7ULS WLPH FKDUDFWHULVWLF RI RYHUORDG SURWHFWLRQ ZLWK SUHORDG ...

Page 28: ...OH YROWDJH PHDVXUHPHQW SKDVH WR HDUWK 8 IDXOWHG SKDVH 9 WR 9 VWHSV 9 8 XQIDXOWHG SKDVHV 9 WR 9 VWHSV 9 0HDVXULQJ WROHUDQFH DFFRUGLQJ 9 SDUW RI VHW YDOXH LUHFWLRQDO GHWHUPLQDWLRQ 0HDVXULQJ SULQFLSOH PHDVXUHPHQW RI DFWLYH DQG UHDFWLYH SRZHU 3LFN XS YDOXH H DFWLYH RU UHDFWLYH FRPSRQHQW P WR P VWHSV P 7 DQJOH HUURU FRUUHFWLRQ WR VWHSV IRU RSHUDWLQJ SRLQWV RI WKH 7 FKDUDFWHULVWLF 0HDVXULQJ WROHUDQFH DF...

Page 29: ...HU FKDQJH RI GLUHFWLRQ DSSUR PV 7ULS GHOD WLPH V WR V VWHSV V DFN XS WLPH 7 GLUHFWLRQDO V WR V VWHSV V DFN XS WLPH 7 QRQ GLUHFWLRQDO V WR V VWHSV V FKR GHOD WLPH V WR V VWHSV V FKR SXOVH GXUDWLRQ V WR V VWHSV V FKR EORFN GXUDWLRQ V WR V VWHSV V 7UDQVLHQW EORFNLQJ WLPH V WR V VWHSV V DLWLQJ WLPH IRU WUDQVLHQW EORFNLQJ V WR V VWHSV V 7LPH H SLU WROHUDQFHV RU PV QYHUVH WLPH HDUWK IDXOW EDFN XS SURWHF...

Page 30: ...OD SDUDPHWHU 7 H HDUWK IDXOW FXUUHQW VHW HDUWK IDXOW SLFN XS YDOXH SDUDPHWHU H WUHPHO LQYHUVH 9HU LQYHUVH 7 FRUUHVSRQGV WR WKH XVXDO WLPH PXOWLSOLHU 70 1RUPDO LQYHUVH W Æ É ô7 V W Æ É ô7 V W Æ É ô7 V LJXUH 7ULSSLQJ WLPH FKDUDFWHULVWLFV RI LQYHUVH WLPH HDUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ ...

Page 31: ... WR V VWHSV V 6 QFKURQLVP DQG YROWDJH FKHFN RSWLRQDO 2SHUDWLRQ PRGHV KHFN SURJUDPV IRU DXWR UHFORVH V QFKUR FKHFN GHDG OLQH OLYH EXV FKHFN GHDG EXV OLYH OLQH FKHFN GHDG EXV GHDG OLQH FKHFN RU FRPELQDWLRQV KHFN SURJUDPV IRU PDQXDO FORVH VDPH DV IRU DXWR UHFORVH LQGHSHQGHQW VHWWLQJ 9ROWDJHV 8 IRU GHDG OLQH RU GHDG EXV FKHFN 9 WR 9 VWHSV 9 8 IRU OLYH OLQH RU OLYH EXV FKHFN 9 WR 9 VWHSV 9 8 PHDVXUHPHQ...

Page 32: ...K VHFRQGDU 8 NP WR 8 NP VWHSV 8 NP 3DUDOOHO OLQH PXWXDO FRPSHQVDWLRQ FDQ EH RUGHUHG DV DQ RSWLRQ VHWWLQJ RI PDWFKLQJ UHIHU WR 6HFWLRQ 0HDVXULQJ WROHUDQFHV DFFRUGLQJ 9 SDUW RI OLQH OHQJWK ZLWKRXW LQWHUPHGLDWH VLQXVRLGDO TXDQWLWLHV LQIHHG IRU VF DQG 8VF 81 6HFRQGDU YDOXHV DUH UHODWHG RQ 1 IRU 1 WKH YDOXHV DUH WR EH GLYLGHG E 2XWSXW RI IDXOW GLVWDQFH LQ NP RU PLOHV RU SHUFHQWV RQO IRU KRPRJHQHRXV OLQ...

Page 33: ...YDOXHV RI RYHUORDG SURWHFWLRQ FDOFXODWHG WHPSHUDWXUH ULVH UHODWHG RQ WULS WHPSHUDWXUH ULVH DUWK IDXOW PHDVXUHG YDOXHV LQ QRQ HDUWKHG V VWHPV D U DFWLYH DQG UHDFWLYH HDUWK FXUUHQW PRGHOV ZLWK VHQVLWLYH UHVLGXDO FXUUHQW LQSXW LQ SULPDU DQG P DW UHOD LQSXW 0HDVXUHG YDOXHV SODXVLELOLW FKHFNV 6XP RI FXUUHQWV SKDVHV DQG HDUWK 6XP RI YROWDJHV SKDVHV DQG HDUWK SKDVH WR SKDVH SKDVH WR SKDVH DJDLQVW SKDVH W...

Page 34: ...LPH 6DPSOLQJ UDWH LQVWDQWDQHRXV YDOXH SHU PV DW LQVWDQWDQHRXV YDOXH SHU PV DW LUFXLW EUHDNHU RSHUDWLRQ ORJ 1XPEHU RI VWRUHG WULS HYHQWV FDXVHG E 6 XS WR GHFLPDO GLJLWV SROH VHJUHJDWHG 1XPEHU RI VWRUHG UHFORVH HYHQWV XS WR GHFLPDO GLJLWV IRU HDFK NLQG RI DXWR UHFORVXUH 7RWDO RI WULSSHG FXUUHQWV XS WR GHFLPDO GLJLWV SOXV DIWHU GHFLPDO SRLQW SROH VHJUHJDWHG 7ULS FRPPDQG DQG DQQXQFLDWLRQV YLD ELQDU LQ...

Page 35: ...DQG YROWDJHV IURP WKH PHDVXUHPHQW WUDQVIRUPHUV RI WKH VZLWFK JHDU DQG PDWFK WKHP WR WKH LQWHUQDO SURFHVVLQJ OHYHO RI WKH XQLW SDUW IURP WKH JDOYDQLF DQG ORZ FDSDFLWLYH LVR ODWLRQ SURYLGHG E WKH LQSXW WUDQVIRUPHUV ILOWHUV DUH SURYLGHG IRU WKH VXSSUHVVLRQ RI LQWHUIHUHQFH 7KH ILO WHUV KDYH EHHQ RSWLPL HG ZLWK UHJDUG WR EDQGZLGWK 0 5HVHW 5 0 6 1 N ELQDU LQSXWV FDQ EH PDUVKDOOHG GLVSOD FKDUDFWHUV VLJQD...

Page 36: ...DO GLVSOD RQ WKH IURQW Q LQWHJUDWHG PHPEUDQH NH ERDUG LQ FRQQHFWLRQ ZLWK D EXLOW LQ DOSKDQXPHULFDO GLVSOD HQDEOHV FRPPXQLFDWLRQ ZLWK WKH XQLW OO RSHUDWLRQDO GDWD VXFK DV VHWWLQJ YDOXHV SODQW GDWD HWF DUH HQWHUHG LQWR WKH SURWHFWLRQ IURP WKLV SDQHO UHIHU 6HFWLRQ 8VLQJ WKLV SDQHO WKH SDUDPHWHUV FDQ EH UHFDOOHG DQG WKH UHOHYDQW GDWD IRU WKH HYDOXDWLRQ RI D IDXOW FDQ EH UHDG RXW DIWHU D IDXOW KDV RFFX...

Page 37: ...WV I WKHUH LV QR VLJQLILFDQW GLIIHU HQFH EHWZHHQ QRUPDO RSHUDWLRQ LQFOXGLQJ RYHU ORDG DQG VKRUW FLUFXLW LQ WHUPV RI WKH FXUUHQW ZKLFK ZLOO IORZ H J LQ QHWZRUNV ZLWK KLJKO IOXFWXDWLQJ V VWHP LPSHGDQFH RU ZKHUH VKRUW FLUFXLW FXUUHQW OLPLWLQJ GHYLFHV DUH LQVWDOOHG WKHQ XQGHU LPSHG DQFH IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ YROWDJH FRQWUROOHG FXUUHQW RU LPSHGDQFH IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ PXVW EH XVHG LWK WKHVH RSWLRQV FRPSUHKHQVLYH...

Page 38: ...XSSUHVVHG WR SUHYHQW IDXOW SLFN XS E WKH RVFLOOD WLRQ WUDQVLHQWV RQ WKH RFFXUUHQFH RI D VLPSOH HDUWK IDXOW 3LFN XS LV HQDEOHG DJDLQ IROORZLQJ DQ DGMXVW DEOH GHOD WLPH 7 H 3 6 DGGUHVV WKLV LV QHFHVVDU VR WKDW WKH GLVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ LV VWLOO DEOH WR UHFRJQL H D FURVV FRXQWU GRXEOH HDUWK IDXOW ZLWK RQH EDVH SRLQW RQ D VSXU IHHGHU I KRZHYHU DQ HDUWK IDXOW LV DOUHDG SUHVHQW LQ WKH V VWHP WKLV LV GHWHF...

Page 39: ...EHWZHHQ ORDG RSHUDWLRQ DQG D VKRUW FLU FXLW HVSHFLDOO LQ WKH FDVH RI ORQJ KLJK ORDGHG OLQHV WKH FKDUDFWHULVWLFV FDQ EH VHW GHSHQGHQW RQ WKH SKDVH DQJOH WKH 5 VHFWLRQ 5 WKHQ DSSOLHV WR SKDVH DQJOHV DERYH D VHWWDEOH YDOXH WKH 5 VHF WLRQ 5 EHORZ 7R DYRLG LQWHUPLWWHQW SLFN XS VLJQDOV QHDU WKH ERUGHU OLQHV RI WKH FKDUDFWHULVWLF D K VWHUHVLV RI LV SUR YLGHG 3KDVH DQJOH GHSHQGHQFH FDQ VHSDUDWHO EH DFKLHY...

Page 40: ... ZKHQ RI WKH UHVSHFWLYH FXUUHQW LV IDOOHQ EHORZ RU RI WKH UH VSHFWLYH YROWDJH LV H FHHGHG 7KH GHYLFH KDV WKUHH VXFK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ PRGXOHV HDFK RI ZKLFK LV FRQWUROOHG E WKH SKDVH HDUWK YROW DJHV RU WKH SKDVH SKDVH YROWDJHV 3DUDPHWHUV DUH XVHG WR GHILQH ZKHWKHU WKH YROWDJHV 83K RU WKH YROWDJHV 83K 3K DUH GHFLVLYH RU ZKHWKHU WKLV GH SHQGV RQ WKH HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ DV GHVFULEHG LQ 6HFWLRQ 7KLV HQ...

Page 41: ...KDVH FXUUHQWV ORRS YROWDJHV DQG RXWSXW UHVXOWV LQ WKH FDVH RI SLFN XS RI RQO RQH IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ PRG XOH LI FRQWURO ZLWK SKDVH SKDVH YROWDJHV LV VHOHFWHG 7KH PHDVXUHG OLQH ORRS LQ WKLV FDVH LV LQGHSHQGHQW RI WKH HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ DQG WKLV PHWKRG LV WKHUH IRUH QRW VXLWDEOH IRU HDUWKHG V VWHPV LUUHOHYDQW LUUHOHYDQW 7DEOH LQH ORRSV DQG SKDVH DQQXQFLDWLRQV ZLWK VLQJOH SKDVH YROWDJH FRQWUROOHG IDXO...

Page 42: ...G VWDUSRLQW L H ZLWK HDUWK IDXOW OLPLWLQJ DLGV VR FDOOHG UHVLVWDQFH HDUWKLQJ Q WKHVH FDVHV RQO HDUWK IDXOWV DUH WR EH GHWHFWHG E WKH YROWDJH FRQ WUROOHG IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ W LV XVXDOO HYHQ XQGHVLUDEOH WKDW SKDVH SKDVH VKRUW FLUFXLWV OHDG WR XQGHU LP SHGDQFH IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ 7KH PHDVXUHG ORRS LV LQGHSHQGHQW RI WKH SDUDPHWHU 3 8 76 7DEOH VKRZV WKH DVVLJQPHQW RI WKH SKDVH FXUUHQWV ORRS YROWDJHV DQG RXWSX...

Page 43: ...OHFWLRQ LV VXFK WKDW IRU HDFK W SH RI IDXOW WKH FRUUHFW PHDVXUHG YDOXHV DUH XVHG IRU WKH FDOFX ODWLRQ RU PXOWLSOH IDXOWV ZKHUHE PRUH WKDQ WZR SKDVHV RU HDUWK DUH LQYROYHG RQH RI WKH SRVVLEOH IDXOW ORRSV ZLOO EH JLYHQ SUHIHUHQFH 7KH VHOHFWLRQ RI YDOLG VKRUW FLUFXLW ORRSV YDULHV FRQ VLGHUDEO GHSHQGHQW XSRQ ZKHWKHU WKH V VWHP VWDU SRLQW LV HDUWKHG LVRODWHG RU FRPSHQVDWHG 3HWHUVHQ FRLO FFRUGLQJO WKH W...

Page 44: ...LQW OHDG RI WKH FXUUHQW WUDQVIRUPHU VHW RI D SDU DOOHO OLQH IRU SDUDOOHO OLQH FRPSHQVDWLRQ RI WKH IDXOW OR FDWRU LI WKLV RSWLRQ LV DYDLODEOH WKH UHOD FDOFXODWHV WKH HDUWK IDXOW FXUUHQW IURP WKH VXP RI WKH WKUHH SKDVH FXUUHQWV I WKH YROWDJH WUDQVIRUPHUV KDYH UH VLGXDO YROWDJH ZLQGLQJV WKHVH VKRXOG EH FRQQHFWHG LQ RSHQ GHOWD WR WKH YROWDJH LQSXW SURYLGHG IRU WKH SXUSRVH WKLV DOORZV WKH UHOD WR JLYH ...

Page 45: ... 76 LUUHOHYDQW SKDVH ORRSV DXOW GHWHFWLRQ ORRS 6HOHFWHG VHWWLQJ SDUDPHWHU 6HOHFWHG 1 3 3 3 76 1 3 3 3 76 LUUHOHYDQW 3 6 57 21 3 6 3 6 21 21752 3 8 76 3 8 76 3 8 76 7DEOH 6HOHFWHG PHDVXUHPHQW TXDQWLWLHV LQ HDUWKHG V VWHPV ZLWK LPSHGDQFH IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ ...

Page 46: ...LHQW WR HOLPLQDWH RQH IDXOW 7KH VHFRQG IDXOW UHPDLQV LQ WKH QHWZRUN DV D VLPSOH HDUWK IDXOW KLFK RQH RI WKH IDXOWV ZLOO EH LQ WHUUXSWHG LV GHSHQGHQW XSRQ WKH GRXEOH HDUWK IDXOW SULRULW ZKLFK LV VHW WR EH WKH VDPH WKURXJKRXW WKH ZKROH JDOYDQLFDOO FRQQHFWHG QHWZRUN LWK 6 WKH IROORZLQJ GRXEOH HDUWK IDXOW SULRULWLHV FDQ EH VHOHFWHG DF FOLF EHIRUH EHIRUH DEEUHYLDWHG DF FOLF DF FOLF EHIRUH EHIRUH DEEUHY...

Page 47: ...HOHYDQW SKDVHV DXOW GHWHFWLRQ ORRS 6HOHFWHG VHWWLQJ SDUDPHWHU 6HOHFWHG 3 6 35 3 6 35 3 6 35 3 6 35 3 6 35 3 6 35 3 6 35 7DEOH 6HOHFWHG PHDVXUHPHQW TXDQWLWLHV LQ QRQ HDUWKHG V VWHPV ZLWK RYHUFXUUHQW IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ RU XQGHULPSHGDQFH IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ ...

Page 48: ...0HWKRG RI RSHUDWLRQ 6 9 LUUHOHYDQW LUUHOHYDQW SKDVH ORRSV DXOW GHWHFWLRQ ORRS 6HOHFWHG VHWWLQJ SDUDPHWHU 6HOHFWHG 3 6 35 3 6 35 3 6 35 3 6 35 3 6 35 FRQWLQXHG QH W SDJH ...

Page 49: ...HWKRG RI RSHUDWLRQ 6 9 SKDVH ORRSV DXOW GHWHFWLRQ ORRS 6HOHFWHG VHWWLQJ SDUDPHWHU 6HOHFWHG 3 6 35 3 6 35 3 6 35 7DEOH 6HOHFWHG PHDVXUHPHQW TXDQWLWLHV LQ QRQ HDUWKHG V VWHPV ZLWK LPSHGDQFH IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ ...

Page 50: ...FWLRQ JLYHQ LQ IRU X WKH LQ VWDQWDQHRXV YDOXHV RI SKDVH WR SKDVH YROWDJH DQG IRU L WKH GLIIHUHQFH RI WKH SKDVH FXUUHQWV DUH XVHG H J LJXUH ô ÆGL GW GL GW É 5 ô L L X X RU FDOFXODWLRQ RI D SKDVH WR HDUWK ORRS DFFRUGLQJ WR LJXUH ô ÆGL GW ô GL GW É 5 ô ÆL 5 5 L É X 5 DQG DUH WKH UHTXLUHG LPSHGDQFH FRPSRQHQWV 7KH FDOFXODWHG UHDFWDQFH LV WKH OLQH UHDFWDQFH XS WR WKH SRLQW RI IDXOW 7KLV GHWHUPLQHV WKH G...

Page 51: ... WKH FDOFXODWLRQ 7KH UHIHUHQFH YROWDJH IRU ERWK D SKDVH HDUWK ORRS DQG D SKDVH SKDVH ORRS LV DOZD V DW ULJKW DQJOHV WR WKH VKRUW FLUFXLW YROWDJHV LJXUH 7KLV LV FRQ VLGHUHG LQ WKH FDOFXODWLRQ RI WKH GLUHFWLRQDO YHFWRU 7DEOH VKRZV WKH DOORFDWLRQ RI PHDVXUHG YDOXHV IRU WKH FDOFXODWLRQ RI GLVWDQFH DQG GLUHFWLRQ WR WKH SRVVLEOH IDXOW ORRSV 7KH WKHRUHWLFDO GLUHFWLRQDO OLQH LV VKRZQ LQ LJXUH Q SUDFWLFH W...

Page 52: ...JKW XS WR WKH UHOD ORFDWLRQ F W V DUH FOHDUO UHFRJQL HG DV kIRUZDUGVl LJXUH E KHQ WKH FXUUHQW IORZV LQ WKH RSSRVLWH GLUHF WLRQ WKH GLUHFWLRQDO FKDUDFWHULVWLF FKDQJHV LPPHGL DWHO LJXUH F 7KHQ WKH UHYHUVHG FXUUHQW ZKLFK LV GHWHUPLQHG E WKH VRXUFH LPSHGDQFH 6 IORZV WKURXJK WKH PHDVXULQJ SRLQW FXUUHQW WUDQVIRUPHU M 6 5 6 6 6 D E 6 M 6 6 F 5 LJXUH LUHFWLRQDO FKDUDFWHULVWLF ZLWK VRXUFH LPSHGDQFH ZLWKRXW...

Page 53: ...RQ 6 9 6 k 8 8 8 E EHIRUH IDXOW LQFHSWLRQ D DIWHU IDXOW LQFHSWLRQ 6 M 5 E E 6 M 5 E F 8 8 8 9ROWDJH YHFWRU GLDJUDP IRU HDUWK IDXOW RQ ORDGHG OLQH LJXUH LUHFWLRQDO FKDUDFWHULVWLF ZLWK VRXUFH LPSHGDQFH DQG ORDG WUDQVSRUW ...

Page 54: ...DQFH SKDVH HDUWK 7 HOD HVLGHV WKHVH LQGHSHQGHQW RQHV WZR FRQWUROOHG RQHV DUH DYDLODEOH ZKLFK FDQ EH DFWLYDWHG E ORJ LFDO FRQGLWLRQV 2YHUUHDFK RQH IRU RQH H WHQVLRQ H J IRU WHOHSURWHFWLRQ DXWR UHFORVXUH RU FRQWUROOHG YLD ELQDU LQSXW ZLWK WKH VHWWLQJ SDUDPHWHUV 5HDFWDQFH UHDFK 5 5HVLVWDQFH SKDVH SKDVH 5 5HVLVWDQFH SKDVH HDUWK 7 7 RU GHOD HG LI UHTXLUHG VHSDUDWH WLPH VHWWLQJV IRU VLQJOH SKDVH DQG PXO...

Page 55: ...0HWKRG RI RSHUDWLRQ 6 9 M 5 DXOW GHWHFWLRQ 7 7 7 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 7 i 7 5 FD E 7 7 7 LJXUH 7ULSSLQJ FKDUDFWHULVWLFV ...

Page 56: ...II UHVHW RI PLQLPXP FXUUHQW PRQLWRU 1 8S WR WKDW SRLQW WKH WULSSLQJ FLUFXLW PXVW EH EURNHQ E DQ DX LOLDU FRQWDFW RQ WKH FLUFXLW EUHDNHU 6ZLWFK RQWR IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ I RQH VZLWFKHV D GHDG EXW VKRUW FLUFXLWHG OLQH RQWR D OLYH EXV EDU LW LV HVVHQWLDO LQ JHQHUDO WKDW WKLV OLQH EH LPPHGLDWHO GLVFRQQHFWHG 8VLQJ GLVWDQFH SURWHF WLRQ DORQH KRZHYHU GLVFRQQHFWLRQ IRU IDXOWV FORVH WR HLWKHU OLQH HQG LV QRW D...

Page 57: ...RQH HWF PXOWL SKDVH LUHF LUHF LU LU LUHF 5 5 DXOW LQ RQH HWF 7 7LPH 7 HWF H SLUHG RQWURO VLJQDO YLD ELQDU LQSXW 73 RQWURO VLJQDO IURP WHOH SURWHFWLRQ ORJLF 5 5 RQWURO VLJQDO IURP DXWR UHFORVH ORJLF 5DSLG 5 ILUVW VKRW 5 RQWURO VLJQDO IURP DXWR UHFORVH ORJLF HOD HG 5 IXUWKHU VKRWV 0 0DQXDO FORVH FRPPDQG 75 3 32 6 12 HQ IDXOW LJXUH 6FKHPDWLF EORFN GLDJUDP RI WKH WULSSLQJ ORJLF RI WKH GLVWDQFH SURWHFW...

Page 58: ... LQWHUUXS WLRQ LQ WKH 97 FLUFXLWV 2YHUFXUUHQW SURWHFWLRQ EDFNV XS WKH GLVWDQFH SUR WHFWLRQ ZKHQ IDLOXUH RI WKH PHDVXUHG YROWDJHV LV GH WHFWHG E DQ RQH RI WKH IROORZLQJ FRQGLWLRQV RSHUDWLRQ RI WKH IXVH IDLOXUH PRQLWRU UHIHU 6HFWLRQ RU WKH VLJQDO k97 PFE WULSSHGl LV DSSOLHG WR DQ LQSXW UHOD I HLWKHU RI WKHVH IDFWRUV RFFXUV GLVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ LV LPPHGLDWHO EORFNHG DQG HPHUJHQF RYHUFXUUHQW SURWHFWLRQ...

Page 59: ...VXUHG LPSHGDQFHV V ORQJ DV WKH HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ KDV SLFNHG XS VHH 6HFWLRQ RU WKH WKUHH LPSHGDQFHV SKDVH SKDVH GLIIHU IURP HDFK RWKHU E PRUH WKDQ SRZHU VZLQJV DUH QRW GH WHFWHG V PPHWULFDO VKRUW FLUFXLWV L H DOO RQH SKDVH DQG WZR SKDVH VKRUW FLUFXLWV FDQ WKHUHIRUH QRW UHVXOW LQ SLFN XS RI WKH SRZHU VZLQJ EORFNLQJ IXQFWLRQ YHQ ZKHQ D SRZHU VZLQJ KDV EHHQ UHFRJ QL HG WKH IROORZLQJ DV PPHWULFDO V...

Page 60: ...DYHV WKH SRZHU VZLQJ SRO JRQ 332 RU ZKHQ GXH WR HDUWK IDXOW SLFN XS RU DV PPHWU WKH SRZHU VZLQJ FULWHULD DUH QR ORQJHU PHW 7KH DFWLRQ WLPH RI WKH SRZHU VZLQJ EORFNLQJ GHYLFH FDQ DOVR EH OLPLWHG E D VHOHFWDEOH WLPH 3 6 7 7 2XW RI VWHS WULSSLQJ KHQ WKH FULWHULD IRU SRZHU VZLQJ GHWHFWLRQ DUH PHW DQG ZKHQ RXW RI VWHS WULSSLQJ LV VHOHFWHG WKHQ WKH GLVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ ZLWK DOO RI LWV VWDJHV LV EORFNHG L...

Page 61: ...HOHDVH PRGHV 3HUPLVVLYH RYHUUHDFK WUDQVIHU ZLWK RYHUUHDFK RQH LUHFWLRQDO FRPSDULVRQ WUDQVIHU ZLWK IDXOW GHWHF WLRQ RQH FRPSDULVRQ XQEORFNLQJ PRGH LUHFWLRQDO FRPSDULVRQ XQEORFNLQJ PRGH ZLWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ ORFNLQJ PRGH ORFNLQJ RI WKH RYHUUHDFK RQH 3LORW ZLUH PRGHV RQH RYHUUHDFK WUDQVIHU WULS YLD SLORW 5HYHUVH LQWHUORFNLQJ 7KH FRPSDULVRQ YLD SLORW ZLUH LV SDUWLFXODUO XVHIXO LQ FDEOH QHWZRUNV ZLWK VK...

Page 62: ...DQVPLW DQ LQWHUWULS VLJQDO WR WKH RSSRVLWH OLQH HQG LI GHVLUHG GHOD HG E 7G 7KHUH D WULS FRP PDQG LV JLYHQ ZKHQ WKH IDXOW KDV EHHQ GHWHFWHG LQ RQH LQ WKH VHW GLUHFWLRQ 7KH GLIIHUHQFH EH WZHHQ SHUPLVVLYH XQGHUUHDFK WULS ZLWK IDXOW GHWHF WLRQ DQG RQH DFFHOHUDWLRQ LV WKDW DW WKH UHFHLY LQJ HQG WKH WULSSLQJ DUHD LV GHILQHG E WKH H WHQGHG RQH GLUHFWLRQDO 7KH GXUDWLRQ RI WKH WUDQVPLW VLJQDO FDQ EH LQFUH...

Page 63: ...V RI VLJQLIL FDQFH DV LW LV VHW WR LQFOXGH WKH QH W VWDWLRQ DQG EH RQG 7KLV PHWKRG RI VLJQDO FRPSDULVRQ FDQ DOVR EH XVHG IRU H WUHPHO VKRUW OLQH OHQJWKV ZKHQ D VHWWLQJ WR RI WKH OLQH OHQJWK DQG WKHUHIRUH VHOHFWLYH LP PHGLDWH GLVFRQQHFWLRQ LV QRW SRVVLEOH Q WKH ODWWHU FDVH RQH KDV WR EH GHOD HG E 7 EHFDXVH LW ZLOO RSHUDWH LQGHSHQGHQW RI UHFHLSW RI D VLJQDO LJXUH VKRZV D VLPSOLILHG EORFN VFKHPH I WK...

Page 64: ...KH 5 IXQFWLRQ VHH 6HF WLRQ DOVH VLJQDOV ZKLFK PD KDYH EHHQ FDXVHG E WUDQ VLHQW RVFLOODWLRQV DIWHU WKH LQWHUUXSWLRQ RI H WHUQDO IDXOWV RU E UHYHUVDO RI GLUHFWLRQ RI IORZ DIWHU LQWHUUXS WLRQ RI IDXOWV RQ SDUDOOHO OLQHV DUH UHQGHUHG KDUPOHVV E D WUDQVLHQW EORFNLQJ IXQFWLRQ UHIHU 6HFWLRQ RU OLQHV ZKLFK DUH IHG IURP RQH OLQH HQG RQO QR UH OHDVH VLJQDO FDQ EH IRUPHG DW WKH XQIHG OLQH HQG VLQFH QR SLFN X...

Page 65: ...QH I WKH WUDQVPLVVLRQ FKDQQHO LV PRQLWRUHG DQG D IDXOW LV GHWHFWHG WKLV ZLOO RQO EORFN WKH GLUHFWLRQDO FRP SDULVRQ IXQFWLRQ YLD WKH LQSXW FKDQQHO k5HFHSWLRQ IDXOW l DOVH VLJQDOV ZKLFK PD KDYH EHHQ FDXVHG E WUDQ VLHQW RVFLOODWLRQV DIWHU WKH LQWHUUXSWLRQ RI H WHUQDO IDXOWV RU E UHYHUVDO RI GLUHFWLRQ RI IORZ DIWHU LQWHUUXS WLRQ RI IDXOWV RQ SDUDOOHO OLQHV DUH UHQGHUHG KDUPOHVV E D WUDQVLHQW EORFNLQJ ...

Page 66: ...I WKH 3 V VWHP LQFRUSRUDWHV FKDQQHO PRQLWRULQJ H J 6LHPHQV YRLFH IUHTXHQF XQLW 6 7 WKHQ WKH PRQLWRULQJ IUHTXHQF I LV VZLWFKHG WR D ZRUNLQJ IUHTXHQF I WKH UHOD GHWHFWV D IDXOW ZLWKLQ WKH RYHUUHDFK RQH LW LQLWLDWHV WUDQVPLVVLRQ RI WKH ZRUNLQJ IUHTXHQF I8 XQEORFN LQJ IUHTXHQF FDQ EH GHOD HG E 7G 8QGHU QRUPDO FRQGLWLRQV RU ZLWK D IDXOW RXWVLGH WKH RQH RU LQ WKH GLUHFWLRQ RSSRVLWH WR WKDW VHW WKH PRQLW...

Page 67: ...LVVLRQ GHYLFH KDV QR FKDQQHO VXSHUYL VLRQ IDFLOLW EXW RQO GHPRGXODWHV WKH WZR IUHTXHQ FLHV XQEORFNLQJ IUHTXHQF DQG EORFNLQJ IUHTXHQ F WKH IDXOW VLJQDO FDQ EH SURGXFHG E D VLPSOH ORJLF DFFRUGLQJ WR LJXUH QVWHDG RI WKH 1 JDWH DQ H FOXVLYH 25 JDWH FDQ EH LQFRUSRUDWHG 6WDQGLQJ WUDQVPLVVLRQ IDXOWV ZLOO EH UHFRJQL HG E 6 DIWHU DSSUR LPDWHO V DQG DQQXQFLDWHG DOVH VLJQDOV ZKLFK PD KDYH EHHQ FDXVHG E WUDQ ...

Page 68: ...XSSHU VLJQDO URXWH WKDW LV DQ XQGHOD HG WULSSLQJ VLJQDO FDQ EH IRUZDUGHG WR WKH WULSSLQJ UHOD IRU D GHWHFWHG IDXOW LQ OLQH GLUHFWLRQ DV ZLWK GLUHFWLRQDO FRPSDUL VRQ I IDXOW VLJQDO DSSHDUV QR UHOHDVH LV JLYHQ I WKH VLJQDO WR EH WUDQVPLWWHG GRHV QRW UHDFK WKH RWK HU OLQH HQG EHFDXVH D VKRUW FLUFXLW RQ WKH OLQHFDXVHV H FHVVLYH GDPSLQJ RU UHIOHFWLRQ RI WKH VLJQDO WKH UH FHLYHU UHFRJQL HV D IDXOW DQG L...

Page 69: ...HG E WUDQVLHQW RVFLOODWLRQV DIWHU WKH LQWHU UXSWLRQ RI H WHUQDO IDXOWV RU E UHYHUVDO RI GLUHFWLRQ RI IORZ DIWHU LQWHUUXSWLRQ RI IDXOWV RQ SDUDOOHO OLQH 6HH WUDQVLHQW EORFNLQJ IXQFWLRQ 6HFWLRQ I WKH WHOHSURWHFWLRQ FKDQQHO LV PRQLWRUHG DQG D WUDQVPLVVLRQ IDXOW LV GHWHFWHG WKH UHFHLYLQJ HQG ORJ LF FDQ EH PDGH LQHIIHFWLYH E WKH LQSXW RI D ELQDU VLJQDO LVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ WKHQ RSHUDWHV ZLWK QRU PDO JUDG...

Page 70: ... RSHUDWH LQGHSHQGHQWO VR WKDW WKH EDFN XS SURWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQV DUH QRW DIIHFWHG RU OLQHV VKRUWHU WKDQ WKH VKRUWHVW GLVWDQFH VHWWLQJ RQH PXVW QHYHUWKHOHVV REVHUYH WKDW WKH ILUVW GLV WDQFH RQH VKDOO EH VHW WR EH HLWKHU LQHIIHFWLYH RU WKH WLPH 7 VKDOO EH VHW HTXDO WR WKH VHFRQG GLVWDQFH RQH LWK VLQJOH HQG IHHG LQVWDQWDQHRXV WULS ZLOO HTXDOO EH DFKLHYHG IRU WKH WRWDO SURWHFWHG OLQH OHQJWK 6LQFH QR SLF...

Page 71: ... V LOOXVWUDWHG LQ LJXUH WKH SLFN XS VLJQDO ZLOO EH IHG WKURXJK WKH UHFHLYHU LQSXW WR WKH SURWHFWLRQ V VWHP RZHYHU LQ DFFRUGDQFH ZLWK LWV SXUSRVH DQG LQ WKH DEVHQFH RI VXFK DQ LQSXW VLJQDO WKLV RQH JXDUDQWHHV UDSLG GLVFRQQHFWLRQ RI WKH EXV EDU LQ WKH FDVH RI DXOW LQ WKH RXWJRLQJ WUDQVIRUPHU FLUFXLW IRU H DP SOH LQ DLOXUH RI D OLQH SURWHFWLRQ UHOD 5HYHUVH LQWHUORFNLQJ LV DFKLHYHG E GHOLEHUDWH UH OHD...

Page 72: ... DW RQH OLQH HQG KDV D KLJKHU SLFN XS WLPH RU ZKHQ LW SLFNV XS VRPH ZKDW ODWHU EHFDXVH RI XQIDYRXUDEOH VKRUW FLUFXLW FXU UHQW GLVWULEXWLRQ I KRZHYHU WKH FLUFXLW EUHDNHU DW WKH QRQ IHHGLQJ OLQH HQG LV RSHQ GHOD RI WKH HFKR LV QRW QHFHVVDU 7KH HFKR GHOD WLPH FDQ WKHQ EH E SDVVHG DV ORQJ DV WKH UHOD LV LQIRUPHG RI WKH VWDWXV RI WKH FLUFXLW EUHDNHU YLD D ELQDU LQSXW 7R SUHYHQW WKH IRUPDWLRQ RI DQ HFKR...

Page 73: ...O EH EORFNHG DIWHU D ZDLWLQJ WLPH RI PV 7KLV EORFN LQJ ZLOO EH PDLQWDLQHG IRU WKH WUDQVLHQW EORFNLQJ WLPH 7 75 16 2 LGHQWLILHG LQ LJXUH ZLWK 7 HYHQ DIWHU WKH EORFNLQJ FULWHULRQ KDV EHHQ UHPRYHG 6LPLODUO WKH UHOHDVH RI RYHUUHDFKLQJ RQH RU GL UHFWLRQDO WULS FDQ EH UHVWULFWHG ZKHQ DIWHU IDXOW GH WHFWLRQ QR UHOHDVH VLJQDO LV UHFHLYHG IURP WKH RSSR VLWH OLQH HQG ZLWKLQ WKH VHWWDEOH ZDLWLQJ WLPH 7 7KLV ...

Page 74: ...XS GHOD DQG GURS RII GHOD ELVWDEOH PHPRU IOLS IORS UHIHU WR LJXUH IOLS IORS ZLWK GHOD LQDU LQSXW 8VHU 7 6WDUW 8VHU 7 5HVHW 8VHU RXWSXW 7 6HW PHPRU ZLWK k 8VHU 7 6WDUWl 5HVHW PHPRU ZLWK k 8VHU 7 5HVHWl LJXUH OLS IORS Q GHVLUHG WULS VLJQDO IURP DQ H WHUQDO SURWHFWLRQ RU VXSHUYLVLRQ XQLW FDQ EH LQFRUSRUDWHG LQWR WKH SUR FHVVLQJ RI 6 7KH VLJQDO LV FRXSOHG DV k WHU QDO VLJQDOl YLD D ELQDU LQSXW LNH WKH...

Page 75: ...H HPHUJHQF SURWHFWLRQ FDQ DOVR EH XVHG LQ FRQMXQFWLRQ ZLWK DXWR UHFORVXUH Q WKHVH FDVHV WKH VWDJHV EHFRPHV YDOLG EHIRUH UHFORVXUH 7KHUPDO RYHUORDG SURWHF WLRQ 7KH WKHUPDO RYHUORDG SURWHFWLRQ SUHYHQWV WKH SRZHU OLQH SDUWLFXODUO LQ FDVH RI FDEOHV IURP GDPDJH FDXVHG E WKHUPDO RYHUORDGLQJ 7KH XQLW FRPSXWHV WKH WHPSHUDWXUH ULVH DFFRUGLQJ WR D WKHUPDO VLQJOH ERG PRGHO DV SHU WKH IROORZLQJ WKHUPDO GLIIHU...

Page 76: ...HPHQW RI VWDEOH YDOXHV DOO HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQV DUH GHOD HG XQWLO VHFRQG VHWWDEOH DIWHU LQFHSWLRQ RI YROWDJH GLVSODFHPHQW XUWKHU HDFK DOWHUDWLRQ RI WKH HDUWK IDXOW FRQGLWLRQV H J DOWHUHG GLUHFWLRQ LV UHFRJQL HG RQO DIWHU WKLV GHOD DUWK IDXOW DQQXQFL DWLRQ LV RQO LVVXHG DIWHU HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ LV HQ VXUHG DFFRUGLQJ HWHUPLQDWLRQ RI WKH HDUWK IDXOWHG SKDVH IWHU UHFRJQLWLRQ RI GLVSODFHG...

Page 77: ...G VKDUSO GHILQHG WKUHVKROG OLPLWV VHH LJXUH DQG LQVHQVLWLYLW WR KDUPRQLF LQIOXHQFHV SDU WLFXODUO WKH IUHTXHQWO VWURQJ WKLUG DQG ILIWK KDUPRQ LFV ZKLFK RFFXU SDUWLFXODUO LQ RKPLF HDUWK IDXOW FXU UHQWV 7KH GLUHFWLRQDO GHFLVLRQ UHVXOWV IURP WKH VLJQV RI DFWLYH DQG UHDFWLYH SRZHU E E E E E 5HYHUVH RUZDUGV RUZDUGV 5HYHUVH ODJJLQJ OHDGLQJ P P P D DFWLYH FRPSRQHQW E E LJXUH LUHFWLRQDO HDUWK IDXOW PHDVXUH...

Page 78: ...GLDO QHWZRUNV ORFDWLRQ RI WKH IDXOWHG OLQH LV UHOD WLYHO VLPSOH 6LQFH DOO FLUFXLWV RQ D EXVEDU LJXUH FDUU D FDSDFLWLYH SDUWLDO FXUUHQW WKH PHDVXU LQJ SRLQW RQ WKH IDXOWHG OLQH LQ DQ LVRODWHG QHWZRUN VHHV DOPRVW WKH HQWLUH SURVSHFWLYH HDUWK IDXOW FXUUHQW RI WKH QHWZRUN LQ FRPSHQVDWHG QHWZRUNV WKH ZDWW PHWULF UHVLGXDO FXUUHQW IURP WKH 3HWHUVHQ FRLO IORZV WKURXJK WKH PHDVXULQJ SRLQW RU WKH IDXOWHG OL...

Page 79: ... DGMXVWDEOH GHOD WLPH HFDXVH RI WKH SRVVLELOLW RI GLUHFWLRQDO FRPSDULVRQ VHH 6HFWLRQ GHWHFWLRQ LV WZR VWDJH D ORZHU YDOXH UHOHDVHV GLUHFWLRQDO GHWHUPLQDWLRQ RU WULSSLQJ WKH KLJK YDOXH VWDJH PXVW DGGLWLRQDOO EH H FHHGHG FRUUHVSRQGLQJ WR WKH VHW YDOXH RI LUHFWLRQDO GHWHUPLQDWLRQ UHTXLUHV D OHDVW YDOXH GLV SODFHPHQW YROWDJH IRU ZKLFK WKH 8 VHWWLQJ LV XVHG I WKH GLVSODFHPHQW YROWDJH LV WRR VPDOO D GL ...

Page 80: ...QFH RI IDXOWV RQ SDUDOOHO OLQHV DUH PDGH KDUPOHVV E PHDQV RI D WUDQVLHQW EORFNLQJ IXQFWLRQ LJXUH 7KH SULQFLSOH RI WKLV WUDQVLHQW EORFNLQJ LV WKDW DIWHU WKH RFFXUUHQFH RI DQ H WHUQDO IDXOW WKH IRUPDWLRQ RI D UHOHDVH VLJQDO LV SUHYHQWHG IRU D VSHFLILF DGMXVWDEOH WLPH 7 75 16 2 I DIWHU IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ LW LV GHWHUPLQHG WKDW WKH IDXOW LV LQ WKH UHYHUVH GLUHFWLRQ RSSRVLWH WR WKH VHW GLUHFWLRQ WKH WUDQVP...

Page 81: ...WLRQDO HDUWK IDXOW VWDJH GHVFULEHG LQ VHFWLRQ LV HIIHFWLYH ZLWK WKH WLPH 7 5 7 DQG WKH QRQ GLUHFWLRQDO EDFN XS VWDJH ZLWK WKH WLPH 7 121 5 I RQH RI WKHVH VWDJHV LV QRW UHTXLUHG WKH FRUUHVSRQGLQJ WLPH PXVW EH VHW WR LQILQLW 7KH HDUWK IDXOW GLUHFWLRQDO FRPSDULVRQ SURWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQ LV EORFNHG IURP WKH GLVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ RU HPHUJHQF RYHUFXUUHQW SURWHFWLRQ 7KHUHIRUH LI D IDXOW LV UHFRJQL HG E WKH GL...

Page 82: ...IORZ DW WKH HQGV RI WKH IDXOW OLQH VHFWLRQ WKH LQYHUVH FKDUDFWHULVWLF KDV WKH HIIHFW WKDW KHUH WKH VKRUWHVW UHVSRQVH WLPH RF FXUV DQG WKH UHPDLQLQJ UHOD V UHVHW 7KH UDQJH RI GHILQLWLRQ RI WKH FKDUDFWHULVWLFV JRHV IXUWKHU WKDQ WKDW RI WKH VWDQGDUGV 7KH DUH GH ILQHG IURP DERYH WKH VHW YDOXH XS WR WLPHV WKH VHW YDOXH H RQG WKDW SRLQW QR IXUWKHU UHGXFWLRQ RI WKH WULSSLQJ WLPH RFFXUV 7KH HDUWK IDXOW RY...

Page 83: ...WLRQ IRU WKH ILUVW 5 F FOH GHVLJQDWHG LQ WKH IROORZLQJ ZLWK 5 5 UDSLG DXWR UHFORVXUH DUH 5 5 352 7 5 32 L H DOO W SHV RI IDXOWV UHVXOW LQ WKUHH SROH 5 5 5 352 6 1 32 L H VLQJOH SKDVH IDXOWV UHVXOW LQ VLQJOH SROH 5 PXOWL SKDVH IDXOWV LQ WKUHH SROH ILQDO GLVFRQQHFWLRQ 2SWLRQDOO VLQJOH SROH 5 LV SRVVLEOH DIWHU WZR SKDVH IDXOWV ZLWKRXW HDUWK FRQQHFWLRQ 5 5 352 6 1 7 5 32 H L H VLQJOH SKDVH IDXOW RU WZ...

Page 84: ...K L Q J R Y H U W R 5 5 7 3 2 V W G H D G W L P H S R O H 5 5 7 3 2 5 7 3 2 7 U L S 5 H F O D L P W L P H 7 5 0 7 6 5 5 5 7 7 5 7 7 D X O W G H W H F F W L R Q W L P H 5 H F O R V H S R O H 5 5 7 3 2 Q G G H D G W L P H D Q G I X U W K H U L I S R O H 5 S H U P L W W H G LJXUH 6 LDJUDP RI UHFORVXUH VHTXHQFH ...

Page 85: ...EOH WR VHW D VKRUWHU WLPH GHOD IRU QRUPDO GLVWDQFH RQHV WKDQ IRU WKH 5 5 RYHUUHDFK RQH I WKH GLVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ LV RSHUDWHG ZLWK RQH RI WKH FDUULHU VLJQDO WHOHSURWHFWLRQ V VWHPV GHVFULEHG LQ 6HFWLRQ WKH RYHUUHDFK RQH LV FRQWUROOHG E WKH XQLYHUVDO WHOHSURWHFWLRQ LQWHUIDFH L H WKH LQWHUIDFH GHWHUPLQHV LI DQ XQGHOD HG WULS RU ZLWK 7 LV SHU PLWWHG IRU IDXOWV LQ WKH RYHUUHDFK RQH L H WR WKH OLPLW RI R...

Page 86: ...HQG GGLWLRQDOO GLIIHUHQW GHDG WLPHV FDQ EH VHW DW ERWK OLQH HQGV VR WKDW RQH HQG H J DW WKH ORFDWLRQ LV UHFORVHG DW ILUVW I UHFORVXUH KDV EHHQ VXFFHVVIXO WKHQ WKH KHDOWK YROWDJH LV SUHVHQW DOVR DW WKH RWKHU OLQH HQG VR WKDW WKH HUR VHTXHQFH YROWDJH LV YHU VPDOO WKLV OLQH HQG FDQ EH UHFORVHG ZLWK D VOLJKWO KLJKHU GHDG WLPH I WKH IDXOW KDV UHPDLQHG XQ VXFFHVVIXO DXWR UHFORVXUH LW FDQ EH LQVWDQWDQHRX...

Page 87: ...RXOG IRU UHDVRQV RI VHOHFWLYLW DOVR QRW UHVXOW LQ DQ DXWR UHFORVXUH 7KH 5 IXQFWLRQV RI 6 DUH SURYLGHG ZLWK VHW WDEOH DFWLRQ WLPHV VHSDUDWH IRU 5 5 DQG 5 ZKLFK DUH VWDUWHG E WKH IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ VLJQDO I DIWHU H SL U RI WKH DFWLRQ WLPH QR WULSSLQJ VLJQDO KDV EHHQ JLY HQ UHFORVXUH LV EORFNHG 7KH 5 IXQFWLRQV RI 6 DUH SURYLGHG ZLWK WKUHH VHWWDEOH UHFODLP WLPHV ZKLFK GR QRW GLVFULPL QDWH EHWZHHQ 5 5 DQG...

Page 88: ...ORFNLQJ LV FDQFHOHG RQO DIWHU WKH ORFN RXW WLPH 7 2 UHIHU WR 6HFWLRQ KDV HODSVHG I 7 2 LV VHW WR FORVLQJ LV ORFNHG RXW XQWLO WKH 5 IXQFWLRQ LV UHVHW E HQHUJL DWLRQ RI WKH ELQDU LQSXW k 5 5HVHWl I WHU WKH UHVHW VLJQDO DOO IXQFWLRQV UHVHW WR WKH TXLHV FHQW FRQGLWLRQ 7KUHH SROH DXWR UHFORVXUH KHQ WKH 5 IXQFWLRQ LV UHDG IRU RSHUDWLRQ WKH VKRUW FLUFXLW SURWHFWLRQ WULSV WKUHH SROH IRU DOO IDXOWV ZLWKLQ ...

Page 89: ...WLRQ OVR HYHU IDXOW GXULQJ WKH UH FODLP WLPH ZLOO UHVXOW LQ ILQDO GLVFRQQHFWLRQ IWHU XQVXFFHVVIXO 5 ILQDO GLVFRQQHFWLRQ WKH ORFN RXW WLPH 7 2 6HFWLRQ LV VWDUWHG RU WKLV WLPH DQ FORVH FRPPDQG IURP 6 LV ORFNHG Q WKLV PRGH RQO VLQJOH VKRW DXWR UHFORVXUH LV SRV VLEOH 6LQJOH DQG WKUHH SROH DXWR UH FORVXUH KHQ WKH 5 IXQFWLRQ LV UHDG IRU RSHUDWLRQ WKH VKRUW FLUFXLW SURWHFWLRQ WULSV VLQJOH SROH IRU VLQJOH...

Page 90: ...G WKH GHYLFH LV VZLWFKHG WR D WKUHH SROH 5 F FOH LI SHUPLWWHG DV XQGHU D I KRZHYHU WKH HYROYLQJ IDXOW RFFXUV DIWHU WKH GLVFULPLQDWLRQ WLPH KDV H SLUHG D WKUHH SROH WULS LV FDUULHG RXW DQG UHFORVXUH LV EORFNHG DV XQGHU E 0XOWL VKRW DXWR UHFORVXUH 7KH LQWHUQDO DXWR UHFORVH IHDWXUH LQ 6 ZLOO DOVR SHUPLW PXOWL VKRW UHFORVXUH XS WR FRQVHFXWLYH 5 F FOHV 7KH VHFRQG DQG HDFK IXUWKHU F FOH DUH DOZD V WKUHH...

Page 91: ...UDPPHG WR UHFORVH RQO LQ FDVH RI VLQJOH SROH WULS SLQJ 7KH 5 5 VWDJHV RI WKH VKRUW FLUFXLW SURWHFWLRQ IXQF WLRQV RI 6 DUH UHOHDVHG E ELQDU LQSXW RQO ZKHQ D VLQJOH SKDVH IDXOW LV GHWHFWHG ZKHQ D PXOWL SKDVH IDXOW LV GHWHFWHG WKH 5 5 VWDJHV DUH QRW UHOHDVHG EXW WKH QRUPDO JUDGLQJ VWDJHV DUH HIIHFWLYH RQO S 7ULS 3HUP7KH H WHUQDO 5 GHYLFH SHU PLWV VLQJOH SROH WULSSLQJ L H LV UHDG IRU UHFORVXUH DIWHU V...

Page 92: ...H EHWZHHQ 6 DQG WKH H WHUQDO DXWR UHFORVH GHYLFH PXVW EH PDGH YLD WKH ELQDU LQ SXWV DQG RXWSXWV RI WKH UHOD 7KH IROORZLQJ OLVW PD EH UHJDUGHG DV D UHFRPPHQGDWLRQ 7KH LQWHUQDO 5 IXQFWLRQ FDQ EH VWDUWHG IRU H DP SOH YLD WKH ELQDU LQSXWV 6WDUW 5 HQHUDO VWDUW VLJQDO IRU 5 7ULS 5 7ULSSLQJ FRPPDQG IRU 5 7ULS 5 7ULSSLQJ FRPPDQG IRU 5 7ULS 5 7ULSSLQJ FRPPDQG IRU 5 7KH JHQHUDO VWDUW VLJQDO LV WKH FULWHULRQ...

Page 93: ...LWV 7KLV HQVXUHV WKUHH SROH WULSSLQJ XQGHU DOO FLUFXPVWDQFHV RI PXOWL SROH IDXOWV HQ DXOW 7ULS 7ULS 7ULS 6 6HFRQG UHOD QG 5 GHYLFH LQWHUQDO 5 IXQFWLRQ QG SURWHFWLRQ UHOD LQH SURWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQ SROH FRXSOLQJ 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 EORFN G Q 5 EORFN 5 EORFN LQW 5 EORFNHG 6WDUW 5 7ULS 5 7ULS 5 7ULS 5 6WDUW 5 7ULS IRU 5 7ULS IRU 5 7ULS IRU 5 HQ DXOW 7ULS 7ULS 7ULS HY 7ULS S HY 7ULS S HY 7ULS S HY 7ULS...

Page 94: ...UH V QFKURQRXV RU DV QFKURQRXV VZLWFK LQJ LV SRVVLEOH 6 QFKURQRXV VZLWFKLQJ PHDQV WKDW WKH FORVLQJ FRPPDQG LV JLYHQ DV VRRQ DV WKH FULWLFDO YDOXHV YROWDJH PDJQLWXGH GLIIHUHQFH 8 DQJOH GLI IHUHQFH DQG IUHTXHQF GLIIHUHQFH I OLH ZLWKLQ WKH VHW WROHUDQFHV RU DV QFKURQRXV VZLWFKLQJ WKH GHYLFH FDOFXODWHV WKH FRUUHFW WLPLQJ RI WKH FORVLQJ FRPPDQG IURP WKH DQJOH GLIIHUHQFH DQG WKH IUH TXHQF GLIIHUHQFH I V...

Page 95: ...RP PDQG LV UHOHDVHG 7KH GXUDWLRQ RI WKH FRPPDQG FDQ EH DGMXVWHG RUUHVSRQGLQJ FRQGLWLRQV DSSO ZKHQ VZLWFKLQJ D OLYH OLQH RQWR D GHDG EXV EDU RU D GHDG OLQH RQWR D GHDG EXV EDU 6ZLWFKLQJ DW V QFKURQLVP 7R UHOHDVH D FORVLQJ FRPPDQG WKH IROORZLQJ FRQGL WLRQV DUH FKHFNHG RHV WKH YROWDJH 8 OLH DERYH WKH VHW YDOXH 8 RHV WKH YROWDJH 8 OLH DERYH WKH VHW YDOXH 8 V WKH YROWDJH PDJQLWXGH GLIIHUHQFH __ 8 _ _8 ...

Page 96: ...UHQFH IURP WKH VWDQGDUG GHYLDWLRQ DQRWKHU DYHUDJH LV DJDLQ FDO FXODWHG IRU 7KLV DYHUDJH LV WDNHQ DV IDXOW UHDF WDQFH V D UHVXOW RI WKH IDXOW ORFDWLRQ FDOFXODWLRQ WKH IROORZ LQJ RXWSXWV DUH JLYHQ WKH VKRUW FLUFXLW ORRS IURP ZKLFK WKH IDXOW UHDF WDQFH LV GHWHUPLQHG WKH UHDFWDQFH SHU SKDVH LQ 2KPV SULPDU DQG VHFRQGDU WKH UHVLVWDQFH SHU SKDVH LQ 2KPV SULPDU DQG VHFRQGDU WKH IDXOW GLVWDQFH LQ NP OLQH O...

Page 97: ... UHFORVH GHYLFH QLWLDWLRQ RI WKH WHVW F FOH FDQ EH JLYHQ IURP WKH RSHU DWRU NH ERDUG RU YLD WKH IURQW RSHUDWRU LQWHUIDFH KHQ D SXUH WULS WHVW LV VWDUWHG WKH UHOD LVVXHV D WKUHH SROH WULS FRPPDQG 75 3 26 F FOH FDQ EH SHUIRUPHG WKUHH SROH RU VLQJOH SROH 7KUHH SROH WULS LV LQLWLDWHG RQO ZKHQ WKH 5 IXQFWLRQ LQWHUQDO RU H WHUQDO SHUPLWV WKUHH SROH UHFORVXUH 6LQJOH SROH WULS LV LQLWLDWHG RQO ZKHQ WKH 5 ...

Page 98: ...WKH RULJLQDWLQJ FULWHULRQ KDV EHHQ UHPRYHG 7KLV PDLQO FRQFHUQV IDXOW LQGL FDWLRQV VXFK DV kDX LOLDU YROWDJH IDXOWl kHPHUJHQF 2 l HWF JUHHQ LQGLFDWHV UHDGLQHVV IRU RSHUDWLRQ 7KLV FDQQRW EH UHVHW DQG UHPDLQV LOOXPLQDWHG ZKHQ WKH PLFURSURFHVVRU LV ZRUNLQJ FRUUHFWO DQG WKH XQLW LV QRW IDXOW 7KH H WLQJXLVKHV ZKHQ WKH VHOI FKHFNLQJ IXQFWLRQ RI WKH PLFURSURFHVVRU GHWHFWV D IDXOW RU ZKHQ WKH DX LOLDU YROW...

Page 99: ...U H DPSOH WKH 6 0 16 RFDOL HG 6XEVWDWLRQ XWR PDWLRQ 6 VWHP 6 7UDQVPLVVLRQ XVHV D VWDQ GDUGL HG WUDQVPLVVLRQ SURWRFRO DFFRUGLQJ WR DQG 9 9 RU VHOHFWDEOH DF FRUGLQJ WR 1 DWD VWRUDJH DQG WUDQVPLVVLRQ IRU IDXOW UHFRUGLQJ 7KH LQVWDQWDQHRXV YDOXHV RI WKH PHDVXUHG YDOXHV L L L L X 1 X 1 X 1 X 1 DUH VDPSOHG DW PV LQWHUYDOV IRU DQG VWRUHG LQ D FLUFXODWLQJ VKLIW UHJLVWHU Q FDVH RI D IDXOW WKH GDWD DUH VWRUH...

Page 100: ...UH FRUUHFW GXULQJ FRP PLVVLRQLQJ VHH 6HFWLRQ 0RQLWRULQJ IXQFWLRQV 6 LQFRUSRUDWHV FRPSUHKHQVLYH PRQLWRULQJ IXQFWLRQV ZKLFK FRYHU ERWK KDUGZDUH DQG VRIWZDUH IXUWKHUPRUH WKH PHDVXUHG YDOXHV DUH FRQWLQXRXVO FKHFNHG IRU SODXVLELOLW VR WKDW WKH FXUUHQW DQG YROW DJH WUDQVIRUPHU FLUFXLWV DUH DOVR LQFOXGHG LQ WKH PRQLWRULQJ V VWHP DUGZDUH PRQLWRULQJ 7KH FRPSOHWH KDUGZDUH LV PRQLWRUHG IRU IDXOWV DQG LQDGPLV...

Page 101: ...R WKH UHVLG XDO YROWDJH LQSXW RI WKH UHOD 6LQFH WKH SKDVH WR SKDVH YROWDJHV DUH VHSDUDWHO IRUPHG DQG PHDVXUHG ZLWKLQ WKH GHYLFH D VLPLODU PRQLWRULQJ SURFHGXUH DSSOLHV _X X X _ 9 GGLWLRQDOO WKH SKDVH SKDVH YROWDJHV DUH FRP SDUHG ZLWK WKH DVVRFLDWHG SKDVH HDUWK YROWDJHV IDXOW ZLOO EH UHFRJQL HG ZKHQ _X X X _ 9 _X X X _ 9 _X X X _ 9 I DQ RI WKHVH PRQLWRULQJ IXQFWLRQV GHWHFWV WKDW WKH PHDVXUHG YDOXHV ...

Page 102: ...KDW WKH FXUUHQWV ZLOO EH DSSUR LPDWHO V PPHWULFDO 7KH IROORZLQJ DSSOLHV _ PLQ _ _ PD _ 6 0 DFW LI PD 1 6 0 WKUHV 1 PD LV DOZD V WKH ODUJHVW RI WKH WKUHH SKDVH FXU UHQWV DQG PLQ DOZD V WKH VPDOOHVW 7KH V PPHWU IDFWRU 6 0 DFW UHSUHVHQWV WKH PDJQLWXGH RI DV PPHWU RI WKH SKDVH FXUUHQWV DQG WKH WKUHVK ROG 6 0 WKUHV LV WKH ORZHU OLPLW RI WKH SURFHVVLQJ DUHD RI WKLV PRQLWRULQJ IXQFWLRQ VHH LJXUH RWK SDUD...

Page 103: ...VHTXHQFH YROWDJH LV LQGLFDWHG ZLWK RXW VLPXOWDQHRXV UHFRJQLWLRQ RI DQ HDUWK IDXOW WKLV LV LQGLFDWLYH RI D VLQJOH SKDVH IDXOW LQ WKH VHFRQG DU FLUFXLWV RI WKH YROWDJH WUDQVIRUPHUV 7KH GLV WDQFH IXQFWLRQ LV WKHQ EORFNHG DQG WKH UHOD FDQ EH VZLWFKHG WR HPHUJHQF RYHUFXUUHQW RSHUDWLRQ VHH 6HFWLRQ PPHGLDWH EORFNLQJ LV SHU IRUPHG SURYLGHG DW OHDVW RQH SKDVH FXUUHQW LV IORZLQJ I ZLWKLQ DSSUR LPDWHO VHFRQG...

Page 104: ...U EURNHQ FRQGXFWRUV LQ WKH F W FLUFXLWV L L L RU 8QEDODQFHG ORDG GHOD HG DODUP k DLOXUH V PPl 6KRUW FLUFXLW RU LQWHUUXSWLRQ SKDVH SKDVH LQ Y W VHFRQGDU FLUFXLWV RU XQEDODQFHG YROWDJH RQ WKH V VWHP GHOD HG DODUP k DLOXUH 8V PPl RVV RI PHDVXUHG YROWDJHV GHOD HG DODUP k DLOXUH 8PHDVl DQG EORFN RI GLVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ XVH IDLOXUH RU FRQGXFWRU LQWHUUXSWLRQ QRQ V P PHWULF LQ Y W VHFRQGDU FLUFXLW GHOD HG ...

Page 105: ...J FDQ EH UH XVHG IRU IXUWKHU WUDQVSRUW ZKHQ DSSOLHG LQ WKH VDPH ZD 7KH VWRU DJH SDFNLQJ RI WKH LQGLYLGXDO UHOD V LV QRW VXLWHG WR WUDQVSRUW I DOWHUQDWLYH SDFNLQJ LV XVHG WKLV PXVW DOVR SURYLGH WKH VDPH GHJUHH RI SURWHFWLRQ DJDLQVW PHFKDQLFDO VKRFN DV ODLG GRZQ LQ FODVV DQG FODVV HIRUH LQLWLDO HQHUJL DWLRQ ZLWK VXSSO YROWDJH WKH UHOD VKDOO EH VLWXDWHG LQ WKH RSHUDWLQJ DUHD IRU DW OHDVW WZR KRXUV LQ...

Page 106: ...QLW PXVW EH FKHFNHG DJDLQVW WKH SODQW GDWD 7KLV DSSOLHV LQ SDUWLFXODU WR WKH DX LO LDU YROWDJH DQG WKH UDWHG FXUUHQW RI WKH FXUUHQW WUDQVIRUPHUV RQWURO G F YROWDJH RI ELQDU LQSXWV KHQ GHOLYHUHG IURP IDFWRU WKH ELQDU LQSXWV DUH GHVLJQHG WR RSHUDWH ZLWK D FRQWURO YROWDJH ZKLFK FRUUHVSRQGV ZLWK WKH UDWHG YROWDJH RI WKH SRZHU VXSSO RI WKH UHOD Q RUGHU WR RSWLPL H WKH RSHUDWLRQ RI WKH LQSXWV WKH VKRXOG...

Page 107: ...HFNLQJ IRU FRQWURO YROWDJHV IRU ELQDU LQSXWV WR RQ EDVLF PRGXOH XS WR SUR GXFWLRQ VHULHV LQDU LQSXW 6ROGHU EULGJH LQDU LQSXW 6ROGHU EULGJH LQDU LQSXW 6ROGHU EULGJH LQDU LQSXW 6ROGHU EULGJH LQDU LQSXW 6ROGHU EULGJH LQDU LQSXW 6ROGHU EULGJH RU UDWHG YROWDJHV 9 6ROGHU EULGJHV PXVW EH ILWWHG RU UDWHG YROWDJHV 9 6ROGHU EULGJHV PD EH UHPRYHG XW DQG EHQG DVLGH LJXUH KHFNLQJ IRU FRQWURO YROWDJHV IRU ELQDU...

Page 108: ...VHULHV I WKH DFWXDO FRQWURO YROWDJH LV QRW IRXQG RQ WKH S F E VHOHFW WKH VHWWLQJ IRU WKH QH W ORZHU YROWDJH 7KH ILJXUHV VKRZ IXUWKHU SOXJV ZKLFK PXVW QRW EH FKDQJHG LQDU LQSXW RQ 6HWWLQJV IRU UDWHG FRQWURO YROWDJH 9GF 9GF 9GF 9GF SOXJ SOXJ SOXJ SOXJ SOXJ SOXJ SOXJ SOXJ SOXJ SOXJ SOXJ SOXJ QR SOXJ QR SOXJ QR SOXJ QR SOXJ 8QXVHG SOXJV PD EH SDUNHG RQ WKH SLQV WR 7DEOH KHFNLQJ IRU FRQWURO YROWDJHV RI...

Page 109: ... U L Q S X W L O O X V W U D W H G 9 G F L Q D U L Q S X W L O O X V W U D W H G 9 G F L Q D U L Q S X W L O O X V W U D W H G 9 G F D W Q R W S O X J J H G D W S O X J J H G D V L O O X V W U D W H G 1 1 WR XQXVHG SOXJV PD EH SDUNHG KHUH LJXUH 6HWWLQJ SOXJV RQ EDVLF LQSXW RXWSXW PRGXOH IURP SURGXFWLRQ VHULHV ...

Page 110: ...9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 L Q D U L Q S X W L O O X V W U D W H G 9 G F L Q D U L Q S X W L O O X V W U D W H G 9 G F L Q D U L Q S X W L O O X V W U D W H G 9 G F L Q D U L Q S X W L O O X V W U D W H G 9 G F L Q D U L Q S X W L O O X V W U D W H G 9 G F LQSXW QRW SOXJJHG LJXUH 6HWWLQJ SOXJV RQ DGGLWLRQDO LQSXW RXWSXW PRGXOH IURP SURGXFWLRQ VHULHV ...

Page 111: ...U IDLOXUH RI WKH G F VXSSO YROWDJH 7KH EDFN XS EDWWHU LV DOVR UHTXLUHG IRU WKH LQWHUQDO V VWHP FORFN ZLWK FDOHQGHU WR FRQWLQXH LQ WKH HYHQW RI D SRZHU VXSSO IDLOXUH 7KH EDWWHU LV VXSSOLHG VHSDUDWHO ZLWK UHOD V RI SUR GXFWLRQ VHULHV XS WR W VKRXOG EH LQVHUWHG EH IRUH WKH UHOD LV LQVWDOOHG 6HFWLRQ H SODLQV LQ GH WDLO KRZ WR UHSODFH WKH EDFN XS EDWWHU RLQ WKLV VHFWLRQ DFFRUGLQJO ZKHQ LQVHUWLQJ WKH ED...

Page 112: ...DV kOLJKW RIIl 7KLV FDQ EH FKDQJHG E PHDQV RI D SOXJ MXPSHU ZKLFK LV DFFHVVLEOH ZKHQ WKH EDVLF LQSXW RXWSXW PRGXOH LV UHPRYHG IURP WKH FDVH 7KH MXPSHU LV VLWXDWHG LQ WKH UHDU DUHD RI WKH SRZHU VXSSO ERDUG FHQWUH ERDUG LJXUH XPSHU 3RVLWLRQ 1RUPDO VLJQDO SRVLWLRQ k LJKW RIIl k LJKW RQl 7KH ILJXUH VKRZV DGGLWLRQDOO WKH SRVLWLRQ RI IXUWKHU SOXJV ZKLFK DUH SUHVHW E WKH IDFWRU DQG PXVW QRW EH FKDQJHG ZL...

Page 113: ...K HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ V WKH SRODULW RI WKH RSHQ GHOWD ZLQGLQJ RQ WKH YROWDJH WUDQVIRUPHUV DQG WKH FRQQHFWLRQ FRU UHFW LI ILWWHG UH WKH SRODULWLHV RI WKH EXV EDU YROWDJH WUDQV IRUPHUV FRUUHFW LI XVHG IRU V QFKURQLVP RU YROW DJH FKHFN I WHVW VZLWFKHV KDYH EHHQ ILWWHG LQ WKH VHFRQGDU FLUFXLWV FKHFN WKHLU IXQFWLRQ SDUWLFXODUO WKDW LQ WKH kWHVWl SRVLWLRQ WKH FXUUHQW WUDQVIRUPHU VHF RQGDU FLUFXLWV DUH...

Page 114: ...VLQJ WKH NH DOORZV DQRWKHU DWWHPSW DW FRGHZRUG HQWU GGUHVV EORFNV WR DUH SURYLGHG IRU FRQILJXUD WLRQ RI WKH VRIWZDUH RSHUDWLQJ V VWHP 7KHVH VHW WLQJV FRQFHUQ WKH RSHUDWLRQ RI WKH UHOD FRPPXQL FDWLRQ ZLWK H WHUQDO RSHUDWLQJ DQG SURFHVVLQJ GHYLFHV YLD WKH VHULDO LQWHUIDFHV DQG WKH LQWHUDFWLRQ RI WKH GHYLFH IXQFWLRQV 7KH VLPSOHVW ZD RI DUULYLQJ DW WKH EHJLQQLQJ RI WKLV FRQILJXUDWLRQ EORFNV LV WR XVH ...

Page 115: ... WKH LQWHJUDWHG RSHUDWLRQ DGGUHVV EORFN 2SHUDWLQJ SDUDPHWHUV FDQ EH VHW LQ DGGUHVV EORFN 7KLV EORFN DOORZV WKH GDWH IRUPDW WR EH VHOHFWHG 0HVVDJHV RQ WKH IURQW GLVSOD FDQ EH VHOHFWHG KHUH IRU WKH TXLHVFHQW VWDWH RI WKH XQLW RU DIWHU D IDXOW HYHQW 7R FKDQJH DQ RI WKHVH SDUDPHWHUV FRGH ZRUG HQWU LV QHFHVVDU KHQ GHOLYHUHG IURP IDFWRU WKH GDWH LV VKRZQ LQ WKH XURSHDQ IRUPDW 1 7 5 7 2 3 5 7 2 1 HJLQQLQ...

Page 116: ...QGHU DG GUHVVHV DQG 8 7 V W D X O W 7 S H IWHU D IDXOW HYHQW WKH ILUVW OLQH RI WKH GLVSOD VKRZV W SH RI IDXOW IDXOW SKDVHV W SH RI WULS FRPPDQG WULSSHG EUHDNHU SROH RU WKUHH SROH WULS SURWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQ ZKLFK KDV SLFNHG XS SURWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQ ZKLFK KDV WULSSHG WKH HODSVHG WLPH IURP SLFN XS WR GURS RII WKH HODSVHG WLPH IURP SLFN XS WR WULS FRPPDQG IRU WKH IDXOW ORFDWLRQ HDFK RI WKH IDXOW ORFDWRU P...

Page 117: ...6 HJLQQLQJ RI WKH EORFN k QWHUIDFHV IRU SHUVRQDO FRPSXWHU DQG FHQWUDO FRPSXWHU V VWHPl 9 GHQWLILFDWLRQ QXPEHU RI WKH UHOD ZLWKLQ WKH VXEVWDWLRQ YDOLG IRU ERWK WKH LQWHUIDFHV RSHUDWLQJ DQG V VWHP LQWHUIDFH 7KH QXPEHU FDQ EH FKRVHQ DW OLEHUW EXW PXVW EH XVHG RQO RQFH ZLWKLQ WKH SODQW V VWHP 6PDOOHVW SHUPLVVLEOH QXPEHU DUJHVW SHUPLVVLEOH QXPEHU 5 1XPEHU RI WKH IHHGHU ZLWKLQ WKH VXEVWDWLRQ YDOLG IRU E...

Page 118: ...HFWLRQ UHOD LJKHU YDOXHV IRU kUHDFWLRQ WLPH SURWHFWLRQ UHOD l UH GXFH WKH WUDQVPLVVLRQ VSHHG LQ FDVH RI WUDQVPLVVLRQ HUURUV I WKH UHOD LQWHUIDFH LV FRQQHFWHG GLUHFWO WR D SHUVRQDO FRPSXWHU WKHQ 36 PD EH VHW WR V 3 1 7 5 6 9 DWD IRUPDW IRU WKH 3 RSHUDWLQJ LQWHUIDFH IRUPDW IRU 6LHPHQV SURWHFWLRQ GDWD SURFHVVLQJ SURJUDP 6 9 9HUVLRQ 9 6 IRUPDW 6 3 3 6 V 0D LPXP WLPH SHULRG RI GDWD JDSV ZLWKLQ WHOHJUDP...

Page 119: ...FLILHG GDWD 9 7 1 6 6 3 6 V 0D LPXP WLPH SHULRG RI GDWD JDSV ZLWKLQ WHOHJUDPV ZKLFK PD RFFXU GXULQJ GDWD WUDQVPLVVLRQ YLD PRGHP RQ WKH V VWHP 6 LQWHUIDFH 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH V DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH V 7KH WUDQVPLVVLRQ DXG UDWH IRU FRPPXQLFDWLRQ YLD WKH V VWHP LQWHUIDFH FDQ EH DGDSWHG WR WKH V VWHP LQWHU IDFH H J 6 LI QHFHVVDU 7KH DYDLODEOH SRVVLELOLWLHV FDQ EH GLVSOD HG E UHSHDWHGO GHSUHVVLRQ RI ...

Page 120: ... SDUDPHWHUL LQJ LV SRVVLEOH YLD WKH V VWHP LQWHUIDFH E PHDQV RI 6 9 SURFHGXUHV 6 6 6 7 1 2 6ZLWFK RYHU EHWZHHQ 9 WUDQVPLVVLRQ SURWRFRO DQG 6 9 SURWRFRO YLD WKH V VWHP LQWHUIDFH 12 LV QRW SHUPLWWHG 6 LV SHUPLWWHG 6 GGUHVV LV UHOHYDQW RQO LQ FDVH WKH V VWHP LQ WHUIDFH LV FRQQHFWHG ZLWK D KDUGZDUH WKDW RSHUDWHV ZLWK WKH SURWHFWLRQ GDWD SURFHVVLQJ SURJUDP 6 9 7KLV DGGUHVV GHWHUPLQHV ZKHWKHU LW VKDOO E...

Page 121: ...LQJ WLPH IRU HDFK UHFRUG LV VHW XQGHU DGGUHVV OWRJHWKHU V DUH DYDLODEOH IRU IDXOW UHFRUGLQJ Q WKLV WLPH UDQJH XS WR IDXOW UHFRUGV FDQ EH VWRUHG 1RWH 7KH VHW WLPHV DUH UHODWHG RQ D V VWHP IUHTXHQ F RI 7KH DUH WR EH PDWFKHG DFFRUGLQJO IRU GLIIHUHQW IUHTXHQFLHV DWD VWRUDJH FDQ DOVR EH LQLWLDWHG YLD D ELQDU LQSXW RU E RSHUDWRU DFWLRQ IURP WKH PHPEUDQH NH ERDUG RQ WKH IURQW RI WKH UHOD RU YLD WKH RSHUD...

Page 122: ...H WLPH ZKHQ IDXOW UHFRUGLQJ LV LQLWLDWHG YLD WKH PHPEUDQH NH ERDUG SUH WULJJHU DQG SRVW IDXOW WLPHV DUH DGGLWLYH 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH V V GGUHVV LV QRW UHOHYDQW LQ FDVH WKDW WKH UHOD LV FRQQHFWHG WR D FRQWURO DQG VWRUDJH SURFHVVLQJ V VWHP ZKLFK RSHUDWHV ZLWK WKH SURWRFRO DFFRUGLQJ WR 9 9 XW LI WKH UHOD LV FRQQHFWHG WR D IRUPHU 6 V VWHP WKH UHOD PXVW EH LQIRUPHG KRZ ORQJ D WU...

Page 123: ...H NH RU E SDJLQJ ZLWK WKH NH V Â IRUZDUGV RU Ä EDFN ZDUGV XQWLO DGGUHVV DSSHDUV LWKLQ WKH ERFN RQH FDQ SDJH IRUZDUG ZLWK RU EDFN ZLWK DFK SDJLQJ DFWLRQ OHDGV WR D IXUWKHU DGGUHVV IRU WKH LQSXW RI D FRQILJXUDWLRQ SDUDPHWHU Q WKH IROORZLQJ VHFWLRQV HDFK DGGUHVV LV VKRZQ LQ D ER DQG H SODLQHG Q WKH XSSHU OLQH RI WKH GLVSOD EHKLQG WKH QXPEHU DQG WKH EDU VWDQGV WKH DVVR FLDWHG GHYLFH IXQFWLRQ Q WKH VHF...

Page 124: ...EH SURFHVVHG WKDW LQGLFDWLRQ ZLOO DSSHDU H J k VZLWFKHG RIIl EXW WKDW WKH IXQFWLRQ ZLOO KDYH QR HIIHFW RQ WKH UHVXOW RI WKH SURWHFWLYH SURFHVV H J QR WULSSLQJ FRPPDQG 7KH IROORZLQJ ER HV VKRZ WKH SRVVLELOLWLHV IRU WKH PD LPXP VFRSH RI WKH GHYLFH Q DQ DFWXDO FDVH IXQFWLRQV ZKLFK DUH QRW DYDLODEOH ZLOO QRW DSSHDU LQ WKH GLVSOD 6 2 3 2 8 1 7 2 1 6 HJLQQLQJ RI WKH EORFN k6FRSH RI IXQFWLRQVl LVWDQFH SU...

Page 125: ...1 6 7 5 1 2 1 5 5 2 0 3 5 6 2 1 1 9 5 6 7 0 QWHUQDO DXWR UHFORVXUH IXQFWLRQ 6 7 1 7 5 1 5 1 2 1 6 7 QWHUQDO V QFKURQLVP DQG YROWDJH FKHFN IXQFWLRQ 6 7 6 1 1 2 1 6 7 DXOW ORFDWLRQ 1 2 1 6 7 8 7 2 7 6 7 3DUDPHWHU VHW FKDQJH RYHU 6 7 3 5 0 2 1 2 1 6 7 7KH UDWHG V VWHP IUHTXHQF PXVW FRPSO ZLWK WKH VHWWLQJ XQGHU DGGUHVV I WKH V VWHP IUHTXHQF LV QRW DGGUHVV PXVW EH FKDQJHG 5 4 8 1 I 1 I 1 5DWHG V VWHP I...

Page 126: ... WKH RWKHU ZLWK D 6 48 RSHQ DQG FORVH WKLV LV RQO DSSOLFD EOH ZKHQ VLQJOH SROH 5 LV XVHG RU 7 5 32 75 3 ZLOO EH LQLWLDWHG ZLWKRXW UHFORVH 6 4 8 7 5 3 2 7 5 3 1 2 5 Z 6 7 6 XWR UHFORVLQJ ZRUNV WRJHWKHU ZLWK GLVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ RU QRW 1 2 5 Z R 7 6 KHQ VLJQDO WUDQVPLVVLRQ LV GLVWRUWHG RU VZLWFKHG RII 6 5 RSHUDWHV DV VHW 12 5 LV EORFNHG 1 2 5 Z 0 5 6 PHUJHQF RYHUFXUUHQW WLPH SURWHFWLRQ RSHUDWLRQ 6 5 ...

Page 127: ... 6 LWK HDUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ IRU HDUWKHG QHWZRUNV 6 5 ZLOO EH FDUULHG RXW EXW RQO WKUHH SROH 12 QR 5 ZLOO EH FDUULHG RXW 1 2 5 Z 7 6 LWK H WHUQDO WULS YLD ELQDU LQSXW 6 5 ZLOO EH FDUULHG RXW EXW RQO WKUHH SROH 12 QR 5 ZLOO EH FDUULHG RXW ...

Page 128: ...UDP VKRXOG WULJJHU ZKLFK SK VLFDO VLJQDO UHOD 8S WR ORJLFDO DQQXQFLDWLRQV FDQ WULJJHU RQH SK VLFDO VLJQDO UHOD VLPLODU VLWXDWLRQ DSSOLHV WR ELQDU LQSXWV Q WKLV FDVH H WHUQDO LQIRUPDWLRQ H J YROWDJH WUDQVIRUPHU P F E WULSSHG LV FRQQHFWHG WR WKH XQLW YLD D SK VL FDO LQSXW PRGXOH DQG VKRXOG LQLWLDWH D ORJLFDO IXQF WLRQ QDPHO EORFNLQJ 7KH FRUUHVSRQGLQJ TXHVWLRQ WR WKH RSHUDWRU LV WKHQ KLFK VLJQDO IURP...

Page 129: ...KLV FDQ EH LQSXW GLUHFWO RQ WKH VHOHFWLRQ OHYHO 3DJLQJ WKURXJK WKH SRVVLEOH IXQFWLRQV LV WKHQ VXSHUIOXRXV LWK GLUHFW LQSXW RI WKH IXQFWLRQ QXPEHU OHDGLQJ HURV QHHG QRW EH HQWHUHG IWHU LQSXW RI WKH IXQFWLRQ QXPEHU XVH WKH HQWHU NH PPHGLDWHO WKH DVVRFLDWHG LGHQWLILFDWLRQ RI WKH IXQFWLRQ DSSHDUV IRU FKHFNLQJ SXUSRVHV 7KLV FDQ EH DOWHUHG HLWKHU E HQWHULQJ D GLIIHUHQW IXQFWLRQ QXPEHU RU E SDJLQJ WKURXJ...

Page 130: ...FW LQSXW RI WKH IXQFWLRQ QXPEHU OHDGLQJ HU RV QHHG QRW EH XVHG 7R LQGLFDWH WKH FRQWDFW PRGH WKH IXQFWLRQ QXPEHU FDQ EH H WHQGHG E D GHFLPDO SRLQW IROORZHG E RU ZKHUHE PHDQV kQRUPDOO RSHQl PRGH FRUUHVSRQGV WR k12l DV DERYH PHDQV kQRUPDOO FORVHGl PRGH FRUUHVSRQGV WR k1 l DV DERYH I WKH H WHQVLRQ ZLWK RU LV RPLWWHG WKH GLVSOD ILUVW LQGLFDWHV WKH IXQFWLRQ GHVLJQDWLRQ LQ kQRUPDOO RSHQl PRGH 12 SUHVVLQJ...

Page 131: ...RJUDPPHG VLQJOH SROH RQO 5HOHDVH 5 5 VWDJHV IURP H WHUQDO H J H WHUQDO 5 GHYLFH 5HOHDVH 5 VWDJH IURP H WHUQDO H J H WHUQDO 5 GHYLFH 6WDUW IDXOW ORFDWRU IURP H WHUQDO FRPPDQG YLD ELQDU LQSXW 7ULJJHU FLUFXLW EUHDNHU WHVW 6ZLWFK RQ HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ IRU QRQ HDUWKHG V VWHP 6ZLWFK RII HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ IRU QRQ HDUWKHG V VWHP ORFN HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ IRU QRQ HDUWKHG V VWHP ORFN HDUWK IDXOW SUR...

Page 132: ...UPLVVLYH XQGHUUHDFK WUDQVIHU IXQFWLRQ ORFN WULS VLJQDO IURP H WHUQDO SURWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQ 7ULS VLJQDO IURP H WHUQDO SURWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQ 7ULS VLJQDO IURP H WHUQDO SURWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQ 7ULS VLJQDO IURP H WHUQDO SURWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQ 7ULS VLJQDO IURP H WHUQDO SURWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQ ZLWKRXW DXWR UHFORVXUH 8VHU GHILQDEOH ORJLF IXQFWLRQ WLPHU VWDUW 8VHU GHILQDEOH ORJLF IXQFWLRQ WLPHU UHVHW 8VHU GHILQDEOH ORJLF...

Page 133: ...QV VHH 6HF WLRQ 7KH DVVLJQPHQW RI WKH RXWSXW VLJQDO UHOD V DV GHOLY HUHG IURP IDFWRU LV VKRZQ LQ WKH JHQHUDO GLDJUDPV LQ SSHQGL 7KH IROORZLQJ ER HV VKRZ H DPSOHV IRU PDUVKDOOLQJ Q WKH H DPSOH IRU VLJQDO UHOD WKH JURXS DQQXQFLDWLRQ IRU VHYHUDO DQQXQFLDWLRQ IXQF WLRQV RQ RQH VLJQDO UHOD LV VKRZQ 7DEOH VKRZV DOO VLJQDO UHOD V DV SUHVHW IURP WKH IDFWRU 0 5 6 1 6 1 5 6 HJLQQLQJ RI WKH EORFN k0DUVKDOOLQ...

Page 134: ... SKDVH 1R 6LJQDO UHOD KDV EHHQ SUHVHW IRU WK DLOXUH GHWHFWHG E PHDVXUHG FXUUHQWV PPH WU PRQLWRU 1R 6LJQDO UHOD KDV EHHQ SUHVHW IRU WK DLOXUH GHWHFWHG E PHDVXUHG YROWDJH V P PHWU PRQLWRU SKDVH WR SKDVH 1R 6LJQDO UHOD KDV EHHQ SUHVHW IRU WK DLOXUH GHWHFWHG E PHDVXUHG YROWDJH PRQLWRU PHDVXUHG YROWDJH FROODSVHG 1R 6LJQDO UHOD KDV EHHQ SUHVHW IRU WK DLOXUH GHWHFWHG E IXVH IDLOXUH PRQLWRU 1R 6LJQDO UHOD...

Page 135: ...WHUV DUH EHLQJ VHW 3DUDPHWHU 6HW LV DFWLYDWHG 3DUDPHWHU 6HW LV DFWLYDWHG 3DUDPHWHU 6HW LV DFWLYDWHG 3DUDPHWHU 6HW LV DFWLYDWHG DLOXUH 9 LQWHUQDO GF VXSSO DLOXUH 9 LQWHUQDO GF VXSSO DLOXUH 9 LQWHUQDO GF VXSSO DLOXUH 9 FRQYHUWHU DLOXUH LQ ILUVW LQSXW RXWSXW PRGXOH EDVH PRGXOH DLOXUH LQ DGGLWLRQDO LQSXW RXWSXW PRGXOH DGGLWLRQDO PRGXOH HQHUDO IDLOXUH GHWHFWHG E FXUUHQW VXSHUYLVLRQ DLOXUH VXSHUYLVLRQ 5...

Page 136: ...WHFWHG DUWK IDXOW QRQ HDUWKHG GLUHFWLRQ XQGHILQHG 7ULS E HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ ORFN HDUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ IRU HDUWKHG QHWZRUNV 6ZLWFK RQ HDUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ 6ZLWFK RII HDUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ 5HFHSWLRQ VLJQDO IRU GLUHFWLRQDO FRPSDULVRQ HDUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ 5HFHSWLRQ IDLOXUH IRU GLUHFWLRQDO FRPSDULVRQ HDUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ DUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ LV VZLWFKHG RII DUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ LV EORFNHG...

Page 137: ... HPHUJHQF RYHUFXUUHQW SURWHFWLRQ DUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ RI HPHUJHQF RYHUFXUUHQW SURWHFWLRQ DXOW GHWHFWLRQ RI VWDJH RI HPHUJHQF 2 SURWHFWLRQ DXOW GHWHFWLRQ RI VWDJH RI HPHUJHQF 2 SURWHFWLRQ DXOW GHWHFWLRQ RI VWDJH RI HPHUJHQF 2 SURWHFWLRQ PHUJHQF 2 SURWHFWLRQ WLPH 7 H SLUHG PHUJHQF 2 SURWHFWLRQ WLPH 7 H SLUHG PHUJHQF 2 SURWHFWLRQ WLPH 7 H SLUHG HQHUDO WULS E HPHUJHQF RYHUFXUUHQW SURWHFWLRQ 7ULS VLQJO...

Page 138: ... IXQFWLRQ GHDG WLPH IRU VHFRQG 5 LV UXQQLQJ XWR UHFORVH IXQFWLRQ GHDG WLPH IRU IXUWKHU 5 LV UXQQLQJ LQWHUQDO 5 IXQFWLRQ LV UHDG WR SHUPLW WULS LQ 5 VWDJH 5HFORVH FRPPDQG E LQWHUQDO DXWR UHFORVH IXQFWLRQ 5HFORVH FRPPDQG DIWHU SROH 5 5 5HFORVH FRPPDQG DIWHU SROH 5 5 UDSLG 5 5HFORVH FRPPDQG DIWHU SROH 5 GHOD HG 5 XWR UHFORVH IXQFWLRQ UHFODLP WLPH LV UXQQLQJ XWR UHFORVXUH ZDV VXFFHVVIXO HILQLWLYH ILQD...

Page 139: ... 7 VW VWDJH H SLUHG LVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ 7LPH 7 QG VWDJH H SLUHG LVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ 7LPH 7 UG VWDJH H SLUHG LVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ 7LPH 7 WK VWDJH GLUHFWLRQDO H SLUHG LVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ 7LPH 7 ILQDO VWDJH H SLUHG LVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ 7LPH 7 VW H WHQGHG VWDJH H SLUHG LVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ 7LPH 7 QG H WHQGHG VWDJH H SLUHG LVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ HQHUDO 7ULS FRPPDQG LVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ 7ULS VLQJOH SROH LVWDQFH SURWHF...

Page 140: ...FWLRQ 7ULS VLJQDO E H WHUQDO WULS IXQFWLRQ 7ULS VLJQDO E H WHUQDO WULS IXQFWLRQ ZLWKRXW DXWR UHFORVXUH HQHUDO WULS E H WHUQDO WULS IXQFWLRQ 7ULS VLQJOH SROH E H WHUQDO WULS IXQFWLRQ 7ULS VLQJOH SROH E H WHUQDO WULS IXQFWLRQ 7ULS VLQJOH SROH E H WHUQDO WULS IXQFWLRQ 7ULS WKUHH SROH E H WHUQDO WULS IXQFWLRQ 7ULS WKUHH SROH E H WHUQDO WULS IXQFWLRQ ZLWKRXW DXWR UHFORVXUH 8VHU GHILQDEOH ORJLF IXQFWLRQ...

Page 141: ...5 6 1 5 5 6 1 5 VW GLVSOD OLQH GGU QG GLVSOD OLQH 1R 5HPDUNV HDGLQJ RI WKH DGGUHVV EORFN 7UDQVPLVVLRQ VLJQDO IRU FDUULHU IURP WHOHSUR WHFWLRQ ZLWK GLVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ RQO ZKHQ DXWR UHFORVH IXQFWLRQ LV DYDLODEOH DQG FRQILJXUHG DV 67 URXS DQQXQFLDWLRQ RI DOO GLVWXUEDQFHV LQ PHDVXUHG TXDQWLWLHV 7KH 1 FRQWDFW RI WKLV UHOD LQGLFDWHV k H YLFH IDXOWl 7ULS VLJQDO JLYHQ E HLWKHU SURWHFWLRQ IXQF WLRQ RI WKH...

Page 142: ...LQGLFDWH ZKHWK HU WKH VWRUHG RU XQVWRUHG PRGH VKDOO EH HIIHFWLYH WKH IXQFWLRQ QXPEHU FDQ EH H WHQGHG E D GHFLPDO SRLQW IROORZHG E RU ZKHUHE XQVWRUHG LQGLFDWLRQ QRW PHPRUL HG FRUUH VSRQGV WR kQPl DV DERYH VWRUHG LQGLFDWLRQ PHPRUL HG FRUUHVSRQGV WR kPl DV DERYH I WKH H WHQVLRQ ZLWK RU LV RPLWWHG WKH GLVSOD VKRZV ILUVW WKH IXQFWLRQ GHVLJQDWLRQ LQ XQVWRUHG PRGH ZLWK kQPl 3UHVV WKH k1Rl NH 1 WR FKDQJH ...

Page 143: ...XUH GHWHFWHG E PHDVXUHG FXUUHQWV PPH WU PRQLWRU 1R KDV EHHQ SUHVHW IRU WK DLOXUH GHWHFWHG E PHDVXUHG YROWDJH V P PHWU PRQLWRU SKDVH WR SKDVH 1R KDV EHHQ SUHVHW IRU WK DLOXUH GHWHFWHG E PHDVXUHG YROWDJH PRQLWRU PHDVXUHG YROWDJH FROODSVHG 1R KDV EHHQ SUHVHW IRU WK DLOXUH GHWHFWHG E IXVH IDLOXUH PRQLWRU 1R KDV EHHQ SUHVHW IRU WK DLOXUH GHWHFWHG E SKDVH VHTXHQFH PRQLWRU 1R QR IXUWKHU IXQFWLRQV DUH SUH...

Page 144: ...S P HY 7ULS S P HY 7ULS S P 0 56 1 VW GLVSOD OLQH GGU QG GLVSOD OLQH 1R 5HPDUNV HDGLQJ RI WKH DGGUHVV EORFN URXS DQQXQFLDWLRQ RI DOO GLVWXUEDQFHV LQ PHDVXUHG TXDQWLWLHV DXOW GHWHFWLRQ DQQXQFLDWLRQV RI WKH GLVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQ RU WKH HPHU JHQF RYHUFXUUHQW WLPH SURWHFWLRQ RQO ZKHQ WKH LQWHUQDO DXWR UHFORVH IXQFWLRQ LV DYDLODEOH DQG FRQILJXUHG DV 67 QGLFDWLRQ RI H SLU RI WKH GLVWDQFH SURWHF W...

Page 145: ...IRU WULS UHOD WKH JURXS FRPPDQG IRU VHYHUDO FRPPDQG IXQFWLRQV RQ RQH WULS UHOD LV VKRZQ 7DEOH VKRZV DOO WULS UHOD V DV SUHVHW IURP WKH IDFWRU PSRUWDQW QRWH LWK VLQJOH SROH DXWR UHFORVXUH LW LV LPSHUDWLYH WKDW IRU HDFK FLUFXLW EUHDNHU SROH WKH FRU UHVSRQGLQJ SKDVH VHJUHJDWHG FRPPDQG H J k HY 7ULS S l 1R IRU SROH DV DOVR WKH WKUHH SROH FRPPDQG k HY 7ULS Sl 1R LV PDUVKDOOHG WR WKH FRUUHFW WULSSLQJ UH...

Page 146: ... IXQFWLRQ VLQJOH SROH 7ULS E LQWHUQDO FLUFXLW EUHDNHU WHVW IXQFWLRQ VLQJOH SROH 7ULS E LQWHUQDO FLUFXLW EUHDNHU WHVW IXQFWLRQ WKUHH SROH 7ULS E HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ LQ QRQ HDUWKHG V VWHPV DUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ ORZ YDOXH VWDJH SLFNHG XS DUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ QRQ GLUHFWLRQDO VWDJH SLFNHG XS GHILQLWH WLPH RU LQYHUVH WLPH DUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ GLUHFWLRQDO VWDJH SLFNHG XS DUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ GHOD WL...

Page 147: ...HH SROH E H WHUQDO WULS IXQFWLRQ 7ULS WKUHH SROH E H WHUQDO WULS IXQFWLRQ ZLWKRXW 5 2XWSXW VLJQDO RI XVHU GHILQDEOH ORJLF IXQFWLRQ 2XWSXW VLJQDO RI XVHU GHILQDEOH ORJLF IXQFWLRQ 1R EEUHYLDWLRQ RJLFDO FRPPDQG IXQFWLRQ 7DEOH RPPDQG IXQFWLRQV 75 3 5 6 5 5 ORVH PG 5 HYLFH OW HW 5 HY 7ULS S HY 7ULS S 5 HY 7ULS S HY 7ULS S 5 HY 7ULS S HY 7ULS S 0 56 1 75 3 75 3 5 75 3 75 3 5 75 3 75 3 5 75 3 5 75 3 75 3...

Page 148: ...OD SUHVHQWV WKH LQIRUPDWLRQ DFK FKDUDFWHU FRPSULVHV D GRW PDWUL 1XPEHUV OHWWHUV DQG D VHULHV RI VSHFLDO V PEROV FDQ EH GLVSOD HG XULQJ GLDORJ WKH XSSHU OLQH JLYHV D IRXU ILJXUH QXP EHU IROORZHG E D EDU 7KLV QXPEHU SUHVHQWV WKH VHW WLQJ DGGUHVV 7KH ILUVW WZR GLJLWV LQGLFDWH WKH DG GUHVV EORFN WKHQ IROORZV WKH WZR GLJLW VHTXHQFH QXPEHU Q PRGHOV ZLWK SDUDPHWHU FKDQJH RYHU ID FLOLW WKH LGHQWLILHU RI W...

Page 149: ...DWH 7KH GLVSOD LV VZLWFKHG RYHU WR RSHUDWLQJ PRGH DV VRRQ DV RQH RI WKH NH V 0 6 RU Â LV SUHVVHG 2SHUDWLRQ ZLWK D SHUVRQDO FRP SXWHU SHUVRQDO FRPSXWHU DOORZV MXVW DV WKH RSHUDWRU SDQHO DOO WKH DSSURSULDWH VHWWLQJV LQLWLDWLRQ RI WHVW URXWLQHV DQG UHDG RXW RI GDWD EXW ZLWK WKH DGGHG FRPIRUW RI VFUHHQ EDVHG YLVXDOL DWLRQ DQG D PHQX JXLGHG SURFHGXUH OO GDWD FDQ EH UHDG LQ IURP RU FRSLHG RQWR PDJQHW LF...

Page 150: ...YDOXHV IDXOW 7 H SLUHG DXOW 7 H SLUHG DXOW 7 H SLUHG DXOW 7 7 H SLUHG DXOW 7ULS 5 QRW UHDG 7ULS 7 7 H SLUHG 7ULS WR UHG FDQ EH PDUVKDOOHG SUHVHWWLQJ EH ORZ HWULHE 6HUYLF 6WÐUXQJ ORFNHG 5 6 7 w GGLWLRQDO PRGXOH XS WR SURGXFWLRQ VHULHV 6 6 6 5 L H VHQVLWLYH HDUWK FXUUHQW LQSXW IURP SURGXFWLRQ VHULHV 6 6 6 5 L H VHQVLWLYH HDUWK FXUUHQW LQSXW o DVLF PRGXOH 6 1U LVWDQ VFKXW LVWDQFH 3URWHFWLRQ 1 81 9 8 ...

Page 151: ...H 7KH FKDQJHG SDUDPHWHUV DUH RQO VDYHG DIWHU WHU PLQDWLRQ RI SDUDPHWHUL LQJ UHIHU EHORZ GGUHVVHV ZKLFK UHTXLUH WH W LQSXW 7KH GLVSOD VKRZV WKH IRXU GLJLW DGGUHVV L H EORFN DQG VHTXHQFH QXPEHU H J IRU EORFN VHTXHQFH QXPEHU HKLQG WKH EDU DSSHDUV WKH PHDQLQJ RI WKH UHTXLUHG SDUDPHWHU LQ WKH VHF RQG GLVSOD OLQH WKH DSSOLFDEOH WH W KHQ WKH UHOD LV GHOLYHUHG D WH W KDV EHHQ SUHVHW Q WKH IROORZLQJ VHFWLR...

Page 152: ...U WKH QRUPDO VWDWXV RI SDUDPHWHU VHW 7KHQ VZLWFK RYHU WR SDUDPHWHU VHW LVW FRPSOHWH WKH SDUDPHWHUL LQJ SURFHGXUH IRU VHW DV GHVFULEHG LQ 6HFWLRQ 3UHVV NH FRPELQDWLRQ L H ILUVW WKH IXQFWLRQ NH DQG WKHQ WKH QXPEHU NH OO IROORZLQJ LQ SXWV WKHQ UHIHU WR SDUDPHWHU VHW OO SDUDPHWHU VHWV FDQ EH DFFHVVHG LQ D VLPLODU PDQ QHU H FRPELQDWLRQ DFFHVV WR SDUDPHWHU VHW H FRPELQDWLRQ DFFHVV WR SDUDPHWHU VHW H FRP...

Page 153: ...H HQWHUHG ZLWK GRWV DV VHSDUD WRU VLJQV VLQFH WKH NH ERDUG GRHV QRW KDYH D FRORQ RU VODVK IRU PHULFDQ GDWH 7KH FORFN LV V QFKURQL HG DW WKH PRPHQW ZKHQ WKH HQWHU NH LV SUHVVHG IROORZLQJ LQSXW RI WKH FRP SOHWH WLPH 7KH GLIIHUHQFH WLPH IDFLOLW DGGUHVV HQDEOHV H DFW VHWWLQJ RI WKH WLPH VLQFH WKH GLI IHUHQFH FDQ EH FDOFXODWHG SULRU WR WKH LQSXW DQG WKH V QFKURQL DWLRQ RI WKH FORFN GRHV QRW GHSHQG RQ W...

Page 154: ...WKH IXQFWLRQDO SDUDPHWHUV EHJLQ XUWKHU DGGUHVV SRVVLELOLWLHV DUH OLVWHG XQGHU k QQXQFL DWLRQVl DQG k7HVWVl 3 5 0 7 5 6 RPPHQFHPHQW RI IXQFWLRQDO SDUDPHWHU EORFNV 3RZHU V VWHP GDWD DGGUHVV EORFN HQHUDO GDWD 7KH UHOD UHTXHVWV EDVLF GDWD RI WKH SRZHU V VWHP DQG WKH VZLWFKJHDU 3 2 5 6 6 7 0 7 HJLQQLQJ RI WKH EORFN k3RZHU V VWHP GDWDl 7 6 7 5 3 1 7 7 2 5 6 1 7 2 5 6 8 6 5 XUUHQW WUDQVIRUPHU SRODULW 1 F...

Page 155: ...N IXQFWLRQ LV WR EH XVHG DW WKH IHHGHU WKHQ WKH DGGLWLRQDO YROWDJH LQ SXW RI WKH GHYLFH PXVW EH FRQQHFWHG WR WKH EXV EDU YROWDJH Q WKLV FDVH DGGUHVV PXVW EH VHW DV 8 211 7 8 75 16 250 5 UHIHU LJXUH LQ SSHQGL 8QGHU DGGUHVV WKH GHYLFH PXVW EH LQIRUPHG WR ZKLFK YROWDJH RI WKH EXV EDU YROWDJH WUDQVIRUPHUV LV XVHG SKDVH WR SKDVH RU SKDVH WR JURXQG DQG ZKLFK SKDVH V 7KH GHYLFH DXWRPDWLFDOO VHOHFWV WKH F...

Page 156: ...DWHG VHFRQGDU YROWDJH RI Y W SKDVH ZLQGLQJ UDWHG VHFRQGDU YROWDJH RI RSHQ GHOWD ZLQGLQJ H 7 3 5 2 7 7 1 3 5 1 XUUHQW ZKLFK LV FRQQHFWHG WR WKH PHDVXULQJ LQSXW RI WKH UHOD 1RWH GGUHVV LV RQO DYDLODEOH LQ PRGHOV ZLWK SDUDOOHO OLQH FRPSHQVDWLRQ 6 4 44444 444 LQ RWKHU FDVHV 3527 7 1 LV LQWHUQDOO IL HG H S K 0DWFKLQJ IDFWRU IRU HDUWK FXUUHQW IRU FRQQHFWLRQ LQ F W VWDUSRLQW IRU FRQQHFWLRQ WR VHSDUDWH HD...

Page 157: ...DOFXODWLRQ DPSOH N9 RYHUKHDG OLQH OX 6WHHO PP ZLWK WKH OLQH SDUDPHWHUV V OHQJWK NP 5 V 8 NP V 8 NP 3RV VHT LPSHGDQFH 5 V 8 NP V 8 NP HUR VHT LPSHGDQFH Z Z XUUHQW WUDQVIRUPHUV 9ROWDJH WUDQVIRUPHUV N9 N9 RU WKH HDUWK LPSHGDQFH UDWLR ZH KDYH 5 5 ô Æ5 5 É ô Æ 8 NP 8 NP É ô Æ É ô Æ 8 NP 8 NP É LWK GRXEOH OLQHV WKHUH LV PXWXDO FRXSOLQJ EHWZHHQ WKH WZR FRQGXFWRU V VWHPV 7KLV LV RQO UHOHYDQW IRU 6 ZKHQ LW...

Page 158: ...GHU WKH DGGUHVVHV WR 7KH UHDFWDQFH SHU XQLW OLQH OHQJWK DGGUHVV LV HQWHUHG DV VHFRQGDU YDOXH 7KLV FDQ EH GHULYHG IURP WKH SULPDU YDOXH XVLQJ WKH IRUPXOD VHF 1FW 1YW ô SULP ô 1 KHUH 1FW F W UDWLR 1YW Y W UDWLR 1 UDWHG FXUUHQW RI WKH FXUUHQW WUDQV IRUPHUV UDWHG FXUUHQW RI WKH GH YLFH LQDOO WKH OLQH OHQJWK LV HQWHUHG XQGHU DGGUHVV W LV XVHG IRU IDXOW ORFDWLRQ 6 W N P LQH UHDFWDQFH SHU XQLW OLQH OHQJW...

Page 159: ...DFHPHQW DFFRUGLQJ WR WKH SRZHU WUDQVIRUPHU FRQQHFWLRQ JURXS PXVW EH FRPSHQVDWHG 7KLV FDQ EH GRQH XVLQJ WKH SDUDPH WHU DGGUHVV 7KH VHFRQGDU UDWHG YROWDJHV RI WKH YROWDJH WUDQV IRUPHUV PXVW EH HTXDO GGLWLRQDOO WKH SULPDU UDWHG YROWDJHV RI WKH IHHGHU YROWDJH WUDQVIRUPHUV RQ WKH RQH KDQG DQG WKH EXV EDU YROWDJH WUDQVIRUPHU V RQ WKH RWKHU KDQG PXVW UHODWH WR WKH WUDQVIRUPDWLRQ UDWLR RI WKH SRZHU WUDQVI...

Page 160: ... WKUHH SROH FRXSOLQJ RI WKH WULS FRPPDQG LV VXSSUHVVHG ZKHQ SLFN XS LQ DQRWKHU SKDVH LV UHJLVWHUHG RQO DIWHU WKH VLQJOH SROH WULS LV LQLWLDWHG 7KLV VHWWLQJ LV UHDVRQDEOH ZKHQ LV FDQ EH DVVXPHG WKDW D IXUWKHU SLFN XS DIWHU LQLWLDWLRQ RI WKH WULS FRPPDQG PXVW DULVH IURP D GLI IHUHQW LQGHSHQGHQW IDXOW HYHQW 7KLV VHWWLQJ LV YDOLG IRU DOO SURWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQV RI WKH UHOD ZKLFK FDQ WULS VLQJOH SROH GGUH...

Page 161: ...JJLQJ SKDVH ZLOO RFFXU SURYLGHG VLQJOH SROH WULS LV DOORZHG 7 0 3 5 2 V 3URORQJDWLRQ WLPH DIWHU PDQXDO FORVLQJ IRU ZKLFK WKH DVVRFLDWHG SURWHFWLRQ VWDJH VKDOO RSHUDWH 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH V V 7 7 6 7 V 6WDELOL DWLRQ WLPH GHOD IRU H WHUQDO WULS FRPPDQG YLD ELQDU LQSXW 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH V V 7 5 1 2 5 0 2 1 LOWHU IRU PHDVXUHG TXDQWLWLHV 21 ILOWHU IRU G...

Page 162: ...SKDVH IDXOWV DQG PXOWL SKDVH IDXOWV UH VSHFWLYHO Q DGGUHVV EORFN WKH GLUHFWLRQ RI WKH GLUHFWLRQDO VWDJH DQG WKH GHOD WLPHV 7 DQG 7 DUH VHW 127 7KH GLUHFWLRQ ZKLFK LV VHW IRU WKH GLUHFWLRQDO ILQDO VWDJH DGGUHVV LV QRW YDOLG IRU RWKHU GLUHFWLRQ DOO GHSHQGHQW IXQFWLRQV RI WKH IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ IXQF WLRQV IRU H DPSOH IRU GLUHFWLRQDO FRPSDULVRQ ZKHQ WKLV LV VHOHFWHG 6 7 3 5 2 7 1 5 6 7 7 1 6 HJLQQLQJ RI ...

Page 163: ...H EORFNHG E D ELQDU LQSXW 2QH FDQ VHOHFWWKH VWDJH WKDW VKRXOG EH HIIHFWLYH GXULQJ EORFNLQJ RI WKH 5 F FOHV DGGUHVV 1RUPDOO ZLWK 7 LV HIIHFWLYH LQ WKLV FDVH WKLV FDQ EH FKDQJHG WR ZLWK 7 I D OLQH WR EH SURWHFWHG LV FRPSRVHG RI RYHUKHDG OLQH DQG FDEOH VHFWLRQV WKH FRQWUROOHG RQHV DQG FDQ EH XVHG WR GLVWLQJXLVK EHWZHHQ IDXOWV RQ WKH WKH RYHUKHDG VHFWLRQ DQG FDEOH IDXOWV WR D FHUWDLQ GHJUHH 5HFORVXUH ...

Page 164: ...HU WKDQ WKDW RI DQ DVVRFLDWHG GLIIHUHQWLDO HDUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ 7 3 6 JUDWHU WKDQ 7 3 6 RU VHW D VKRUWHU UHVHUYH WLPH IRU PXOWL SROH IDXOWV FORVH WR D SRZHU VWDWLRQ 7 3 6 OHVV WKDQ 7 3 6 7KH LQGHSHQGHQW RQHV RSHUDWH LQGHSHQ GHQWO IURP RQH DQRWKHU DQG LQGHSHQGHQWO RI WKH RYHUUHDFK RQHV W LV UHFRPPHQGHG WKDW D FRPSUHKHQVLYH JUDGLQJ SODQ VKRXOG EH PDGH IRU WKH FRPSOHWH HOHFWULFDOO FRQQHFWHG QHWZRUN...

Page 165: ... WRZHU IRRW LQJ UHVLVWDQFHV RU VLPLODU 7KH VHWWLQJ VKRXOG WDNH WKHVH IDXOW UHVLVWDQFHV LQWR DFFRXQW EXW QRW EH VHW KLJKHU WKDQ DEVROXWHO QHFHVVDU Q DGHTXDWH GLI IHUHQFH IURP WKH RSHUDWLQJ LPSHGDQFH PXVW EH HQ VXUHG HYHQ XQGHU FRQGLWLRQV RI WHPSRUDU RYHU ORDG 7KH UHVLVWDQFH PDUJLQ FDQ EH VHW VHSDUDWHO IRU SKDVH SKDVH IDXOWV DQG IRU SKDVH HDUWK IDXOWV DOFXODWLRQ DPSOH N9 RYHUKHDG OLQH OX 6WHHO PP ZL...

Page 166: ...Q DV VXPHG PLQLPXP VKRUW FLUFXLW FXUUHQW RI WKLV FRUUHVSRQGV WR 8 SULPDU RU WKH UHVLVWDQFH VHW WLQJ RI WKH ILUVW RQH WKLV UHVXOWV LQ 5 SULP 5 OLQH ô 5DUF 8 ô 8 8 ô 8 ô 8 5 VHF 1FW 1YW ô 5 SULP ô 1 2QO KDOI RI WKH DUF UHVLVWDQFH YDOXH ZDV XVHG EH FDXVH LW LV DGGLWLYH WR WKH ORRS LPSHGDQFH DQG RQO KDOI VKRXOG EH DGGHG WR WKH LPSHGDQFH SHU SKDVH RU HDUWK IDXOWV D VHSDUDWH UHVLVWDQFH WROHUDQFH FDQ EH ...

Page 167: ... GLUHFWLRQ RU 5 9 56 EXVEDU GLUHFWLRQ 121 5 7 21 HLWKHU GLUHFWLRQ HOD IRU RQH VLQJOH SKDVH IDXOWV 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DQG QR WULS LQ RQH IRU VLQJOH SKDVH IDXOWV 7 3 6 V V V HOD IRU RQH PXOWL SKDVH IDXOWV 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DQG QR WULS LQ RQH IRU PXOWL SKDVH IDXOWV 7 3 6 V V V 1RUPDOO DGGUHVVHV DQG DUH VHW WR WKH VDPH YDOXH 6HFRQG RQH 5 8 5HVLVWDQFH ...

Page 168: ...XOWV 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DQG QR WULS LQ RQH IRU PXOWL SKDVH IDXOWV 7 3 6 V V V 7 5 3 3 1 2 6 6LQJOH SROH WULS ZLWK VLQJOH SKDVH IDXOW HYHQ LQ RQH 12 RU 6 1RUPDOO DGGUHVVHV DQG DUH VHW WR WKH VDPH YDOXH 7KLUG RQH 5 8 5HVLVWDQFH IRU SKDVH SKDVH 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH 8 8 8 5HDFWDQFH YDOXH UHDFK 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH 8 8 5HVLVWDQFH IR...

Page 169: ...Hl W FDQ DOVR EH DFWLYDWHG YLD D ELQDU LQSXW FLUFXLW RWK VWDJHV FDQ DOVR EH XVHG IRU VHOHFWLRQ EHWZHHQ FDEOH DQG RYHUKHDG OLQH VHFWLRQV LQ FDVH RI PL HG OLQHV UHIHU WR 6HFWLRQ IRU PRUH GHWDLOV DFK RI WKHVH VWDJHV KDYH WKHLU RZQ GHOD WLPH ZKHUHE IRU RQH FDQ DJDLQ GLVWLQJXLVK EHWZHHQ VLQJOH SKDVH 7 3 6 DQG PXOWL SKDVH IDXOWV 7 3 6 0HDVXUHPHQW GLUHFWLRQ FDQ DOVR EH VHW LQGLYLGXDOO IRU WKH RYHUUHDFK R...

Page 170: ...LQ RQH IRU PXOWL SKDVH IDXOWV 7 3 6 V V V 1RUPDOO DGGUHVVHV DQG DUH VHW WR WKH VDPH YDOXH 2YHUUHDFK RQH FRQWUROOHG E 5 RU ELQDU LQSXW 5 8 5HVLVWDQFH IRU SKDVH SKDVH 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH 8 8 8 5HDFWDQFH YDOXH UHDFK 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH 8 8 5HVLVWDQFH IRU SKDVH HDUWK 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH 8 8 5 8 5 2 5 5 6 5 9 5 6 1 2 1 5 7 2 1 LUHF...

Page 171: ...DQFH SURWHFWLRQ IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ SURJUDPl 3 5 2 8 8 S K H 8 S K S K 8 S K H 8 S K H 8 S K H RQO ZLWK YROWDJH FRQWUROOHG 8 IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ PHDVXUHPHQW FRQWURO 8SK ZLWK GHWHFWHG HDUWK IDXOW 8SK SK ZLWKRXW GHWHFWHG HDUWK IDXOW 8SK SK ZLWK GHWHFWHG HDUWK IDXOW 8SK SK ZLWKRXW GHWHFWHG HDUWK IDXOW 8SK ZLWK GHWHFWHG HDUWK IDXOW 8SK ZLWKRXW GHWHFWHG HDUWK IDXOW 8SK ZLWK GHWHFWHG HDUWK IDXOW ZLWKRXW GHWHFWH...

Page 172: ...H IRU FRUUHFW GH WHFWLRQ RI GRXEOH HDUWK IDXOWV PXVW EH VHW EHORZ WKH PLQLPXP H SHFWHG GRXEOH HDUWK IDXOW FXUUHQW DOFXODWLRQ H DPSOH RU WKH OLQH XVHG LQ WKH H DPSOH LQ 6HFWLRQ WKH PD LPXP RSHUDWLQJ FXUUHQW LV ZLWK FXUUHQW WUDQVIRUPHUV DQG WKH PLQLPXP VKRUW FLUFXLW FXUUHQW LV DVVXPHG WR EH 7KH IROORZLQJ VHWWLQJ ZRXOG WKHUHIRUH EH XVHG 1 PD 1 ô ô 7KLV YDOXH OLHV DGHTXDWHO EHORZ WKH PLQLPXP VKRUW FLU...

Page 173: ...IRU DOO NLQGV RI IDXOW LV UHDVRQDEOH DGGUHVV 8SKH 8SKH ZKLFK LV OHVV VHQVLWLYH IRU HDUWK IUHH VKRUW FLUFXLWV Q PDQ FDVHV WKLV FDQ EH DFFHSWHG EHFDXVH SKDVH WR SKDVH IDXOWV DUH FRYHUHG E WKH RYHUFXUUHQW IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQV SK 7KH SRVVLELOLW WR FRQWURO ZLWK WKH YROWDJH ORRSV 83K RQO ZKHQ DQ HDUWK IDXOW KDV EHHQ GHWHFWHG LV DGYDQWDJHRXV LQ V VWHPV ZLWK D ORZ LPSHGDQFH HDUWKHG VWDUSRLQW L H ZLWK...

Page 174: ...KDVH HDUWK LV VXSSOHPHQWHG E DQ RYHUFXUUHQW VWDJH SK ZKHUH SLFN XS RI WKH RYHUFXUUHQW VWDJH RQO OHDGV WR GHWHFWLRQ LI WKH DVVRFLDWHG LPSHGDQFH ORRS KDV EHHQ HOLPLQDWHG UHIHU 6HFWLRQ 7KH UHVSHF WLYH SDUDPHWHUV KDYH EHHQ VHW LQ 6HFWLRQ 7KH PHDQLQJ RI WKH SDUDPHWHUV FDQ EH JDWKHUHG IURP WKH LPSHGDQFH FKDUDFWHULVWLF VKRZQ LQ LJXUH 7KH EROG GRWV LGHQWLI WKH VHWWLQJ SDUDPHWHUV ZKLFK GHWHUPLQH WKH JHRPHW...

Page 175: ...SRO JRQ HLWKHU VR WKH SLFN XS YDOXH LQ WKH 5 GLUHF WLRQ PXVW EH VHW FRQVLGHUDEO VPDOOHU LQ RUGHU WR RE WDLQ DGHTXDWH PHDVXULQJ FOHDUDQFH EHWZHHQ WKH SRZHU VZLQJ SRO JRQ DQG WKH IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ SRO JRQ UHIHU WR 6HFWLRQ Q RUGHU WR JXDUDQWHH XQHTXLYRFDO FULWHULD IRU GLV FULPLQDWLRQ EHWZHHQ ORDG RSHUDWLRQ DQG D VKRUW FLU FXLW LQ WKH FDVH RI ORQJ KLJK ORDGHG OLQHV LQ RWK HU ZRUGV LI DERYH SUHFRQGLWLRQV...

Page 176: ...DQJOH DERYH 1 3 DGGUHVV 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH 8 8 LPLW DQJOH IRU SKDVH SKDVH PHDVXUHPHQW EHORZ ZKLFK UHVLVWDQFH LQWHUVHFWLRQ 5 DGGUHVV LV YDOLG ORDG DUHD DERYH ZKLFK UHVLVWDQFH LQWHUVHFWLRQ 5 DGGUHVV LV YDOLG IDXOW DUHD 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH 1 3 E E E 1 3 E LPLW DQJOH IRU SKDVH HDUWK PHDVXUHPHQW EHORZ ZKLFK UHVLVWDQFH LQWHUVHFWLRQ 5 DGGUHVV LV YDOLG DERY...

Page 177: ...K IDXOW GHWHFWHG WKHQ D SKDVH SKDVH ORRS ZLOO EH PHDVXUHG EXW ZLWK HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ D SKDVH ORRS SKDVH HDUWK 7KH RWKHU SRVVLELOLWLHV 3 3 21 DQG 3 21 DUH LQGHSHQGHQW RI WKH SLFN XS 8QGHU DGGUHVV RQH FDQ VHOHFW ZKHWKHU XQGHU FRQGLWLRQV RI D VLQJOH SKDVH SLFN XS ZLWKRXW HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ D FRQGXFWRU HDUWK ORRS LV VHOHFWHG 7KH VHWWLQJ 3 8 76 3 6 57 RQO PDNHV VHQVH LQ HDUWKHG QHWZRUNV ZKHQ QR ...

Page 178: ...WHFWLRQ RI D VLPSOH HDUWK IDXOW WKLV LV UHFRJ QL HG E WKH UHOD DQG PHDVXUHG DFFRUGLQJ WR WKH VHOHFWHG GRXEOH HDUWK IDXOW SUHIHUHQFH SURJUDP 6LQJOH HDUWK IDXOW LV UHFRJQL HG E WKH GLVSODFHPHQW YROWDJH 8H DGGUHVV GHOD 7 H 3 6 LV QRW HIIHFWLYH WKHUHDIWHU D IXUWKHU HDUWK IDXOW DIWHU RF FXUUHQFH RI D VLQJOH HDUWK IDXOW FDQ RQO EH D GRXEOH HDUWK IDXOW 8 7 1 2 1 5 7 1 7 HJLQQLQJ RI EORFN k HWHUPLQDWLRQ R...

Page 179: ...QJ SRO JRQ DQG WKH WLPH UHTXLUHG E 6 IRU WKH GHWHFWLRQ RI WKH SRZHU VZLQJ PXVW EH WDNHQ LQWR FRQVLGHUDWLRQ 8QGHU WKH PRVW GLIILFXOW FRQGLWLRQV DW OHDVW PV VKRXOG EH DOORZHG IRU WKH GHWHFWLRQ RI D SRZHU VZLQJ 3 2 5 6 1 HJLQQLQJ RI EORFN k3RZHU VZLQJ GHWHFWLRQl 3 6 3 5 2 5 2 2 2 1 XQFWLRQDO SURJUDP RI WKH SRZHU VZLQJ VXSSOHPHQW EORFNLQJ RI DOO GLVWDQFH RQHV EORFNLQJ RI WKH ILUVW RQH RQO EORFNLQJ RI ...

Page 180: ...LYHO ORQJ 6LPLODU FRQVLGHUDWLRQV FDQ DSSO IRU WKH UHFHLYHG VLJQDO SURORQJDWLRQ 7 5 352 DG GUHVV HOD RI WKH ILUVW RQH GRHV QRW GHOD WKH WUDQVPLVVLRQ VLJQDO EXW DQ RZQ WLPH GHOD 7 6 1 DGGUHVV LV DYDLODEOH 7 3 5 2 7 3 5 0 8 1 5 5 HJLQQLQJ RI EORFN k7HOHSURWHFWLRQ SHUPLVVLYH XQGHUUHDFK WUDQVIHU VFKHPHVl 3 8 7 7 2 1 2 3HUPLVVLYH XQGHUUHDFK WUDQVIHU WULS LV 21 VZLWFKHG RQ 2 VZLWFKHG RII 3 8 7 7 0 2 5 7 ...

Page 181: ...7 DGGUHVV LV D ZDLWLQJ WLPH IRU LQLWLDWLRQ RI WUDQVLHQW EORFNLQJ KHQ WKH GLVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ KDV GHWHFWHG D IDXOW WKH UHFHSWLRQ FLUFXLW UHOHDVH ZLOO EH EORFNHG LI QR UHFHSWLRQ VLJQDO KDV EHHQ UHFHLYHG ZLWKLQ WKLV WLPH WKHUHDIWHU D UHFHSWLRQ VLJQDO FDQ RQO EH HIIHFWLYH DIWHU WKH WUDQVLHQW EORFN LQJ WLPH 7 75 16 2 UHIHU DOVR 6HFWLRQ I VHW WR QR EORFNLQJ WDNHV SODFH IRU WKLV FDVH 3URORQJDWLRQ RI WKH ...

Page 182: ... VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH V V RU OLQH HQGV ZLWK ZHDN SRZHU LQIHHG WKH HFKR IXQF WLRQ LV UHDVRQDEOH ZKHQ XVLQJ RYHUUHDFK WUDQVIHU VFKHPHV ZLWK UHOHDVH SHUPLVVLRQ VLJQDOV VR WKDW WKH VWURQJ IHHGLQJ OLQH HQG FDQ EH UHOHDVHG HYHQ ZKHQ WKH ZHDN LQIHHG HQG GRHV QRW SLFN XS RU RWK HU WUDQVIHU VFKHPHV WKH HFKR IXQFWLRQ LV QRW HIIHF WLYH UHVSHFWLYH SDUDPHWHUV DUH RI QR FRQFHUQ WKHQ 7KH HFKR GHOD ...

Page 183: ...Q GHU DGGUHVV GXULQJ FRQILJXUDWLRQ RI WKH VFRSH RI IXQFWLRQV UHIHU WR 6HFWLRQ DFK IXQFWLRQ FDQ EH WULJJHUHG E ELQDU LQSXWV DQG PDUVKDOOHG WR ELQDU RXWSXWV V VLJQDO UHOD V WULS UHOD V RU SLFN XS DQG GURS RII GHOD WLPHV FDQ EH VHW LQ DG GUHVV EORFN 1RWH WKDW WKH VHW WLPHV DUH SXUH GHOD WLPHV ZKLFKGR QRW LQFOXGH WKH LQKHUHQW RSHUDWLQJ WLPHV RI WKH ELQDU LQSXWV DQG RXWSXWV 8 6 5 2 8 1 7 2 1 6 HJLQQLQJ...

Page 184: ...XOWV ERWK WKH SLFN XS YDOXH DGGUHVV DQG WKH GHOD WLPH 7 DGGUHVV FDQ EH VHW VHSDUDWHO Q WKLV ZD LW LV RIWHQ SRVVLEOH WR DFKLHYH D VHSDUDWH JUDGLQJ ZLWK VKRUWHU WLPHV IRU HDUWK IDXOWV XULQJ HPHUJHQF RSHUDWLRQ WHOHSURWHFWLRQ FRP PXQLFDWLRQ LV QRW SRVVLEOH I WKH GLVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ V VWHP LV UHTXLUHG WR RSHU DWH H FHSWLRQDOO IRU D FHUWDLQ WLPH SHULRG H J EH FDXVH RI PLVVLQJ YROWDJH WUDQVIRUPHUV RQO DV...

Page 185: ... SKDVH FXUUHQWV 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH 1 1 7 V HOD IRU SKDVH FXUUHQWV 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DQG QR WULS ZLWK SKDVHV V V 0 2 6 3 8 1 8 1 3KDVH RYHUFXUUHQW VWDJH ZKLFK LV HIIHFWLYH GXULQJ PDQXDO FORVLQJ RI WKH FLUFXLW EUHDNHU L H VWDJH EXW ZLWKRXW GHOD 7 L H VWDJH EXW ZLWKRXW GHOD 7 1 7 9 L H SKDVH FXUUHQW VWDJHV RSHUDWH DV SDUDPHWHUL HG 1 7 9 5 5 2 1 3 7 5...

Page 186: ...HILQHG 7KH RYHUORDG SURWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQ FDQ EH VHW WR EH LQ RSHUDWLYH WR LQLWLDWH DODUPV RQO RU WR LQLWLDWH WULSSLQJ LQFOXGLQJ DODUP DGGUHVV 7KH UDWHG FXUUHQW RI WKH FXUUHQW WUDQVIRUPHUV LV XVHG DV WKH EDVH FXUUHQW IRU WKH RYHUORDG PHDVXUHPHQW 7KH VHWWLQJ IDFWRU N LV GHWHUPLQHG E WKH UDWLR RI WKH FRQWLQXRXVO SHUPLVVLEOH WKHUPDO FXUUHQW PD WR WKH UDWHG FXUUHQW N PD 1 7KH SHUPLVVLEOH FRQWLQXRXV FXUU...

Page 187: ...W FDQ EH XVHG EHVLGHV WKH WHP SHUDWXUH ZDUQLQJ VWDJH RU LQVWHDG RI WKDW KHQ VHW WLQJ 3ZDUQ 3WULS WR WKH WHPSHUDWXUH ZDUQLQJ LV SUDFWLFDOO LQHIIHFWLYH FKRLFH FDQ EH PDGH ZKHWKHU WKH WHPSHUDWXUH ULVH ZKLFK LV GHFLVLYH IRU WKH WKUHVKROG VWDJHV LV WKH PD LPXP FDOFXODWHG WHPSHUDWXUH ULVH RI WKH WKUHH FRQGXFWRUV WKH PHDQ YDOXH RI WKH FDOFXODWHG WHP SHUDWXUH ULVHV RI WKH WKUHH FRQGXFWRUV RU WKH WHP SHUDW...

Page 188: ...DFWRUV 0 6 9 8 6 8 3 5 9 6 2 1 HJLQQLQJ RI EORFN k0HDVXUHG YDOXH VXSHUYLVLRQl 6 0 8 W K U H V 9 9ROWDJH WKUHVKROG SKDVH SKDVH DERYH ZKLFK WKH V PPHWU PRQLWRULQJ LV HIIHFWLYH UHIHU LJXUH 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH 9 9 6 0 D F W 8 6 PPHWU IDFWRU IRU WKH YROWDJH V PPHWU VORSH RI WKH V PPHWU FKDUDFWHULVWLF UHIHU LJXUH 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH 6 0 W K U H V Q XUUHQW ...

Page 189: ... FRUUHVSRQG LQJO VHQVLWLYH OHYHO EHORZ WKH VPDOOHVW IDXOW FXUUHQW LQ WKH FDVH RI HDUWK IDXOWV 7KH IXQFWLRQ k XVH IDLO XUH PRQLWRUl PXVW QRW EH FKRVHQ IRU OLQHV LQ HDUWKHG QHWZRUNV LQ ZKLFK HDUWK IDXOWV ZLWK VPDOO RU HUR HDUWK FXUUHQWV FDQ RFFXU IRU H DPSOH ZKHQ IHHGHU WUDQVIRUPHUV PD QRW EH HDUWKHG Q QRQ HDUWKHG QHWZRUNV WKLV IXVH IDLOXUH PRQLWRU LV QRW PHDQLQJIXO DQG ZLOO EH LJQRUHG E WKH 6 7KH I...

Page 190: ...WKH WKUHVKROG FXUUHQW DGGUHVV VKRXOG EH VHW DV KLJK DV SRVVLEOH WR SUHYHQW IDXOW RSHUDWLRQ GXH WR DV PPHWULFDO FXUUHQWV LQ WKH QHW ZRUN DQG WKURXJK WKH FXUUHQW WUDQVIRUPHUV SDUWLFX ODUO LQ ROPJUHHQ FRQQHFWLRQ HSHQGHQW XSRQ WKH WUHDWPHQW RI WKH QHWZRUN VWDU SRLQW WKH PDJQL WXGH RI WKH FDSDFLWLYH HDUWK IDXOW FXUUHQW IRU LVRODWHG QHWZRUNV RU WKH ZDWWPHWULF UHVLGXDO FXUUHQW IRU FRPSHQVDWHG QHWZRUNV LV...

Page 191: ... FXUUHQW WUDQVIRUPHUV RIWHQ PDNH FRP SHQVDWLRQ RI WKH DQJOH HUURU RI WKH FXUUHQW WUDQVIRUP HU QHFHVVDU 7KLV LV SRVVLEOH WKURXJK DGGUHVVHV WR 7KH PD DQJOH HUURU RI WKH F W ZLWK LWV DVVRFLDWHG FXUUHQW DV ZHOO DV DQRWKHU F W RSHU DWLQJ SRLQW DERYH ZKLFK WKH DQJOH HUURU UH PDLQV SUDFWLFDOO FRQVWDQW DUH HQWHUHG IRU WKH DF WXDOO FRQQHFWHG EXUGHQ 7KH UHOD WKHQ DSSUR L PDWHV ZLWK DGHTXDWH DFFXUDF WR WKH F...

Page 192: ...5 5 UURU DQJOH RI FXUUHQW WUDQVIRUPHU DW 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH GHJ GHJ 7 5 5 6HFRQGDU FXUUHQW DERYH ZKLFK WKH DQJOH HUURU LV SUDFWLFDOO FRQVWDQW 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH 7 5 5 UURU DQJOH RI FXUUHQW WUDQVIRUPHU DW 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH GHJ GHJ 7 V XUDWLRQ RI GLVSODFHPHQW YROWDJH DIWHU ZKLFK HDUWK IDXOW LV GHWHFWHG DQG DQQXQFLDWHG WKLV G...

Page 193: ...EH H FHHGHG E RSHUDWLRQDO DV PPHWU RI WKH YROWDJHV 8H PHDQV WKH YROWDJH DW WKH LQSXW WR WKH GHYLFH ZLWK RSHQ GHOWD 97 LI WKLV LQSXW LV QRW XVHG WKH UHOD FDO FXODWHV 8H 8 8 8 c 7KH GLUHFWLRQDO GHSHQGHQW WULSSLQJ WLPH 7 5 7 DGGUHVV LV LQGHSHQGHQW RI GLUHFWLRQDO FRP SDULVRQ DQG UHFHLYHG VLJQDO 7KH GLUHFWLRQ VHW XQGHU DGGUHVV LV GHFLVLYH IRU WKH GLUHFWLRQDO VWDJH 1RUPDOO WKH OLQH GLUHFWLRQ LV VHW DV 2...

Page 194: ...XUDWLRQ RI KHDY WUDQVLHQW UHDFWLRQV DW WKH LQFHSWLRQ DQG LQWHUUXSWLRQ RI VKRUW FLUFXLWV KDV WR EH WDNHQ LQWR FRQVLGHUDWLRQ 7KH WLPH 7 7 DGGUHVV LV D ZDLWLQJ WLPH IRU LQLWLDWLRQ RI WUDQVLHQW EORFNLQJ KHQ WKH HDUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ KDV GHWHFWHG D IDXOW WKH UHFHSWLRQ FLUFXLW UHOHDVH ZLOO EH EORFNHG LI QR UHFHSWLRQ VLJQDO KDV EHHQ UHFHLYHG ZLWKLQ WKLV WLPH WKHUHDIWHU D UH FHSWLRQ VLJQDO FDQ RQO EH HII...

Page 195: ... 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH V V 7 7 V DLWLQJ WLPH EHIRUH WUDQVLHQW EORFNLQJ ZLWK PLVVLQJ UHFHSWLRQ VLJQDO 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH DUJHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH RU L H QR WUDQVLHQW EORFNLQJ ZLWK PLVVLQJ UHFHSWLRQ V V 2 2 1 2 FKR IXQFWLRQ IRU GLUHFWLRQDO FRPSDULVRQ HDUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ LV 21 VZLWFKHG RQ 2 VZLWFKHG RII 7 2 V FKR GHOD WLPH ZKHQ FLUFXLW EUHDNHU LV FORVHG 6PDOOHVW VHWWLQJ YDOXH...

Page 196: ...SLQJ WLPH IRUPXOD H J 7 H V IRU QRUPDO LQYHUVH 70 WKXV WWULS V WULSSLQJ WLPH DW WLPHV WKH VHW YDOXH H 5 7 8 7 1 2 1 5 7 2 1 HJLQQLQJ RI EORFN k DUWK IDXOW QRQ GLUHFWLRQDO LQYHUVH WLPH RYHUFXUUHQW SURWHFWLRQl 7 2 1 2 1RQ GLUHFWLRQDO LQYHUVH WLPH HDUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ LV 21 VZLWFKHG RQ 2 VZLWFKHG RII 5 1 2 5 0 1 9 5 6 9 5 1 9 5 6 7ULS WLPH FKDUDFWHULVWLF IRU WKH QRQ GLUHFWLRQDO LQYHUVH WLPH RYHUFXU...

Page 197: ...Q FFRUGLQJO DG GUHVV LV SUHVHW WR 5 2 5 9 6 KHQ VZLWFKLQJ PDQXDOO RQ D GHDG IDXOW LW LV QRU PDOO GHVLUHG WKDW WKH VKRUW FLUFXLW SURWHFWLRQ WULSVLQ VWDQWDQHRXVO DQG WKH 5 IXQFWLRQ LV EORFNHG 7KXV DGGUHVV VKRXOG UHPDLQ LQ SRVLWLRQ 0 2 6 7KH UHFODLP WLPH 7 5 0 DGGUHVV LV WKH WLPH SHULRG DIWHU ZKLFK WKH QHWZRUN IDXOW LV VXS SRVHG WR EH WHUPLQDWHG DIWHU D VXFFHVVIXO DXWR UH FORVH F FOH UHQHZHG WULS RI ...

Page 198: ...KLFK UHFORVH F FOHV V QFKURQLVP VKDOO EH FKHFNHG E WKH V Q FKURQLVP DQG YROWDJH FKHFN IXQFWLRQ Q WKH FDVHV ZKLFK DUH SDUDPHWHUL HG LQ WKLV DGGUHVV UHFORVXUH LV EORFNHG DV ORQJ DV WKH FRQGLWLRQV DV VHW IRU WKH V QFKUR FKHFN IXQFWLRQ 6HFWLRQ DUH QRW IXO ILOOHG 8 7 2 5 2 6 8 1 7 2 1 HJLQQLQJ RI EORFN k XWR UHFORVXUH IXQFWLRQVl 5 8 1 7 2 1 2 XWR UHFORVH IXQFWLRQ LV 21 VZLWFKHG RQ 2 VZLWFKHG RII 5 2 5 ...

Page 199: ...RU V QFKUR FKHFN 2 5 Q G 5 1 9 5 RU 5 5 ILUVW DXWR UHFORVH F FOH VHYHUDO SURJUDPV DUH SRVVLEOH DGGUHVV WKUHH SROH VLQJOH SROH RU VLQJOH DQG WKUHH SROH I WKH 8 SURFHVVLQJ IHDWXUH LV XVHG IRU LGHQWLILFD WLRQ RI WKH IDXOW OLQH WKHQ DGGUHVV PXVW EH FKDQJHG DFFRUGLQJO RWKHUZLVH LW UHPDLQV LQ SRVL WLRQ 8 352 1 7 9 7KLV IHDWXUH LV H SODLQHG LQ GHWDLO LQ VHFWLRQ W PXVW EH HQVXUHG WKDW RQO RQH HQG RI WKH O...

Page 200: ...W RI PXOWLSOH DQG HYROYLQJ IDXOWV KDYH EHHQ GHVFULEHG LQ GHWDLO LQ 6HF WLRQ 7KH UHFRJQLWLRQ RI DQ HYROYLQJ IDXOW FDQ EH PDGH GHSHQGHQW XSRQ D WULSSLQJ FRPPDQG RU XSRQ IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ GXULQJ WKH GHDG WLPH DGGUHVV 7KH UHDFWLRQ WR HYROYLQJ IDXOWV LV VHW LQ DG GUHVV EORFNLQJ LQ WKH FDVH RI DQ HYROYLQJ IDXOW HLWKHU RFFXUV 6 L H ZLWK HDFK HYROYLQJ IDXOW RU 1 9 5 DW DOO RU EORFNLQJ RFFXUV RQO DIWHU WKH I...

Page 201: ...LQJOH SROH 5 7 8 7 7 WLRQ HDFK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ GXULQJ VLQJOH SROH GHDG WLPH LV UHFRJQL HG DV DQ HYROYLQJ IDXOW 7 75 3 200DQG IDXOWV GXULQJ VLQJOH SROH GHDG WLPH DUH UHFRJQL HG DV HYROYLQJ IDXOWV RQO ZKHQ WKH UHOD WULSV 9 2 6 1 9 5 7UHDWPHQW RI HYROYLQJ IDXOWV RQO ZLWK SROH 5 HDFK HYROYLQJ IDXOW UHVXOWV LQ ILQDO WKUHH SROH WULS UHFORVXUH LV EORFNHG QR EORFNLQJ RI UHFORVXUH LQ WKH FDVH RI HYROYLQJ I...

Page 202: ... H 5 5 LV VXSSUHVVHG RU WKH VHFRQG DGGUHVV DQG WKLUG DGGUHVV F FOH D 5 5 FRXQWV RQO LI LW KDV RFFXUUHG XUWKHU F FOHV DUH WUHDWHG OLNH WKH WKLUG F FOH 5 3 5 2 1 2 5 XWR UHFORVH SURJUDP IRU 5 F FOHV 12 5 QR GHOD HG 5 5 7 287 5 5 5 ZLOO EH FDUULHG RXW DOVR ZKHQ QR 5 5 KDV SUHFHGHG 5 7 5 5 5 5 ZLOO EH FDUULHG RXW RQO DIWHU DQ XQVXFFHVVIXO 5 5 F FOH 5 7 5 5 5 5 7 2 8 7 5 5 5 1 R 3 1XPEHU RI SHUPLVVLEOH...

Page 203: ...PDQXDO FORVXUH RQ WKH RWKHU KDQG 7KH JHQHUDO IXQFWLRQV DQG OLPLW YDOXHV IRU FORVXUH DUH VHW XQGHU DGGUHVVHV WR DQG GGL WLRQDOO DGGUHVVHV WR DUH UHOHYDQW IRU DX WRPDWLF UHFORVXUH DGGUHVVHV WR DUH UHOH YDQW IRU PDQXDO FORVXUH HQHUDOO D FORVXUH FRP PDQG LV QRW UHOHDVHG DV ORQJ DV D FXUUHQW NHHSV IORZLQJ 1 7KH FRPSOHWH V QFKURQLVP DQG YROWDJH FKHFN IXQF WLRQ LV VZLWFKHG 2 RU 21 XQGHU DGGUHVV I V QFKUR...

Page 204: ... E 7KH V QFKUR FKHFN IXQFWLRQ LQ 6 FDQ DOVR JLYH FORVLQJ FRPPDQGV LQ DV QFKURQRXV QHWZRUNV Q WKLV FDVH FORVLQJ FRPPDQG LV JLYHQ VXFK WKDW XQ GHU FRQVLGHUDWLRQ RI WKH FLUFXLW EUHDNHU FORVLQJ WLPH DGGUHVV WKH YROWDJH SKDVRUV RI WKH OLQHDQG EXV EDU YROWDJHV DJUHH LQ SKDVH DW WKH LQVWDQW ZKHQ WKHUH LV FRQWDFW RI WKH EUHDNHU SROHV GGUHVV I 6 1 GHILQHV WKH OLPLW ZLWKLQ ZKLFK WKH IUHTXHQF GLIIHUHQFH PXVW...

Page 205: ...LRQV DUH LQGHSHQ GHQW IURP HDFK RWKHU DQG FDQ EH FRPELQHG 6 1 5 6 1 2 6 QFKURQLVP FKHFN EHIRUH DXWRPDWLF UHFORVXUH 6 V QFKUR FKHFN LV GRQH EHIRUH DXWR UHFORVXUH 12 DXWR UHFORVXUH ZLWKRXW V QFKUR FKHFN 8 8 1 2 6 HDG EXV FKHFN EHIRUH DXWRPDWLF UHFORVXUH 12 DXWR UHFORVXUH LV QRW SHUPLWWHG RQWR D GHDG EXV 6 DXWR UHFORVXUH LV SHUPLWWHG RQWR D GHDG EXV 8 8 1 2 6 HDG OLQH FKHFN EHIRUH DXWRPDWLF UHFORVXUH...

Page 206: ...OHDVH FRQGLWLRQV IRU PDQXDO FORVLQJ DUH VHW XQGHU DGGUHVVHV WR 0 6 1 5 V QFKURQLVP FKHFN WKH FRQ GLWLRQV IRU V QFKURQLVP 8 I DQG DUH FKHFNHG EH IRUH PDQXDO FORVXUH 0 8 8 GHDG EXV FKHFN WKH IHHGHU 8 PXVW EH OLYH 8 UHIHU WR DGGUHVV WKH EXV EDU 8 PXVW EH GHDG 8 UHIHU WR DGGUHVV 0 8 8 GHDG OLQH FKHFN WKH IHHGHU 8 PXVW EH GHDG 8 UHIHU DGGUHVV WKH EXV EDU 8 PXVW EH OLYH 8 UHIHU DGGUHVV 0 8 8 GHDG OLQH D...

Page 207: ...H IURP FORVH FRPPDQG ZLWKLQ ZKLFK WKH FKHFN FRQGLWLRQV DV SDUDPHWHUL HG PXVW EH IXOILOOHG 7KLV WLPH LV YDOLG IRU DXWRPDWLF UHFORVXUH DV ZHOO DV IRU PDQXDO FOR VXUH KHQ WKH FRQGLWLRQV DUH QRW IXOILOOHG ZLWKLQ WKLV WLPH FORVLQJ LV EORFNHG 2QO DIWHU D UHQHZHG PHD VXULQJ UHTXHVW WKH WLPH VWDUWV DJDLQ DQG D QHZ FKHFN LV FDUULHG RXW I WKH FRQGLWLRQV IRU V QFKURQRXV RSHUDWLRQ VKRXOG EH FKHFNHG WR EH PDLQ...

Page 208: ...GUHVV I WKH UHDFWDQFH 6 LV HQWHUHG LQ 8 PLOH DQG WKH 1 1 7 HQWHUHG LQ PLOHV WKH UHVXOW RI IDXOW FDOFXODWLRQ ZRXOG EH UHDG LQ PLOHV LQ VWHDG RI NLORPHWHUV DPSOH RU WKH H DPSOH JLYHQ LQ 6HFWLRQ ZH REWDLQ SULP 8 NP VHF 1FW 1YW ô SULP ô 1 ô 8 NP ô 8 NP HQJWK NP I IRU H DPSOH D IDXOW UHDFWDQFH RI 8 SULPDU LV FDOFXODWHG WKLV H DPSOH JLYHV XV WKH IDXOW ORFDWLRQ GDWD SUL 8 G NP G I WKH UHOD LV HTXLSSHG ZL...

Page 209: ...FHV WKH QHFHVVDU GDWD DUH HQWHUHG LQ DGGUHVV EORFN VHH 6HFWLRQ 7KH DQQXQFLDWLRQV DUH DUUDQJHG DV IROORZV ORFN 2SHUDWLRQDO DQQXQFLDWLRQV WKHVH DUH PHVVDJHV ZKLFK FDQ DSSHDU GXULQJ WKH RSHUDWLRQ RI WKH UHOD LQIRUPDWLRQ DERXW FRQGLWLRQ RI UHOD IXQFWLRQV PHDVXUH PHQW GDWD HWF ORFN YHQW DQQXQFLDWLRQV IRU WKH ODVW IDXOW SLFN XS WULS 5 H SLUHG WLPHV FDOFXODWHG GLV WDQFH RU VLPLODU V GHILQHG D QHWZRUN IDX...

Page 210: ...FDVH RI FRXUVH RQO WKH DVVRFLDWHG DQQXQFLDWLRQV DSSHDU LQ WKH GLVSOD 7KH DQQXQFLDWLRQV ZKLFK DUH LQGLFDWHG E D OHDGLQJ k l VLJQ UHSUHVHQW WKH GLUHFW FRQILUPD WLRQ RI WKH ELQDU LQSXWV 1H W WR WKH ER HV EHORZ WKH DEEUHYLDWHG IRUPV DUH H SODLQHG W LV LQGLFDWHG ZKHWKHU DQ HYHQW LV DQ QRXQFHG RQ RFFXUUHQFH k RPLQJl RU D VWDWXV LV DQQRXQFHG k RPLQJl DQG k RLQJl 7KH ILUVW OLVWHG PHVVDJH LV DV H DPSOH DVV...

Page 211: ...LFH 5 E O R F N ORFN DXWR UHFORVXUH VWDWLFDOO YLD ELQDU LQSXW 5 U H V H W 5HVHW DXWR UHFORVXUH IXQFWLRQ IURP H WHUQDO YLD ELQDU LQSXW S 5 5 E O R F N ORFN VLQJOH SROH 5 5 YLD ELQDU LQSXW S 5 5 E O R F N ORFN WKUHH SROH 5 5 YLD ELQDU LQSXW 5 5 E O R F N ORFN FRPSOHWH 5 5 YLD ELQDU LQSXW 5 E O R F N ORFN FRPSOHWH 5 YLD ELQDU LQSXW 6 W D U W 5 6WDUWLQJ VLJQDO IURP H WHUQDO SURWHFWLRQ IRU LQWHUQDO 5 7...

Page 212: ...LQDEOH WLPHU 7 8 V H U 7 5 H V H W 5HVHW XVHU GHILQDEOH WLPHU 7 HQHUDO RSHUDWLRQDO DQQXQFLDWLRQV RI WKH SURWHFWLRQ GHYLFH H Y R S H U D W L Y H HYLFH RSHUDWLYH 3 U R W R S H U D W W OHDVW RQH SURWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQ LV RSHUDWLYH Q L W L D O V W D U W QLWLDO VWDUW RI WKH SURFHVVRU V VWHP U H V H W 6WRUHG LQGLFDWLRQV UHVHW R J 0 H D V O R F N 0HVVDJHV DQG PHDVXUHG YDOXHV YLD WKH V VWHP LQWHU IDFH DUH EO...

Page 213: ...V ZURQJ Q Q X Q F O R V W QQXQFLDWLRQV ORVW EXIIHU RYHUIORZ Q Q X 3 O R V W QQXQFLDWLRQV IRU RSHUDWLQJ 3 LQWHUIDFH ORVW 2 S H U Q Q Q Y D 2SHUDWLRQDO DQQXQFLDWLRQV LQYDOLG O W Q Q Q Y D O DXOW DQQXQFLDWLRQV LQYDOLG 3 U R W Q Y D DUWK IDXOW UHSRUW IRU QRQ HDUWKHG V VWHPV LQYDOLG 6 W D W X I I Q Y XIIHU IRU RSHUDWLRQ VWDWLVWLFV LQYDOLG X I I Q Y D XIIHU IRU VWRUHG V LQYDOLG 9 6 W D W H Q Y 9 VWDWH L...

Page 214: ...ODXVLELOLW PRQLWRU 58SK H D L O X U H 5 8 S S DLOXUH GHWHFWHG E YROWDJH SODXVLELOLW PRQLWRU 58SK SK D L O X U H 8 V P P DLOXUH GHWHFWHG E YROWDJH V PPHWU PRQLWRU D L O X U H 8 P H D V RVV RI PHDVXUHG YROWDJHV 0 S L F N X S XVH IDLOXUH PRQLWRU SLFNHG XS XQGHOD HG DQQXQFL DWLRQ X V H D L O X U H XVH IDLOXUH PRQLWRU RSHUDWHG GHOD HG DQQXQFLDWLRQ DSSUR V D L O 3 K D V H 6 H T DLOXUH GHWHFWHG E SKDVH V...

Page 215: ...VHU GHILQDEOH WLPHU 7 8 V H U 7 5 H V H W 5HVHW XVHU GHILQDEOH WLPHU 7 8 V H U R X W S X W 2XWSXW RI XVHU GHILQDEOH WLPHU 7 8 V H U 7 6 W D U W 6WDUW XVHU GHILQDEOH WLPHU 7 8 V H U 7 5 H V H W 5HVHW XVHU GHILQDEOH WLPHU 7 8 V H U R X W S X W 2XWSXW RI XVHU GHILQDEOH WLPHU 7 W 7 U L S E O N ORFN H WHUQDO WULS IXQFWLRQ W 7 U L S 7ULJJHU H WHUQDO WULS IXQFWLRQ IRU SROH W 7 U L S 7ULJJHU H WHUQDO WULS...

Page 216: ...LRQDO DQQXQFLDWLRQV RI HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ IRU QRQ HDUWKHG V VWHPV H W R I I DUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ LV VZLWFKHG RII H W E O R F N DUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ LV EORFNHG HWDLOHG LQIRUPDWLRQ DERXW WKH HDUWK IDXOW DUH JLYHQ LQ WKH HDUWK IDXOW UHSRUW DGGUHVV EORFN UHIHU 6HFWLRQ 2SHUDWLRQDO DQQXQFLDWLRQV RI KLJK UHVLVWDQFH HDUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ LQ HDUWKHG V VWHPV 3 U R W R I I DUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ LV VZLWFK...

Page 217: ... 7ULS VLJQDO SROH IURP H WHUQDO SURWHFWLRQ IRU LQWHUQDO 5 7 U L S 5 7ULS VLJQDO SROH IURP H WHUQDO SURWHFWLRQ IRU LQWHUQDO 5 7 U L S S 5 6LQJOH SROH WULS VLJQDO IURP H WHUQDO SURWHFWLRQ IRU LQ WHUQDO 5 7 U L S S 5 7KUHH SROH WULS VLJQDO IURP H WHUQDO SURWHFWLRQ IRU LQ WHUQDO 5 5 D I W 5 5 5 SHUPLWWHG RQO DIWHU XQVXFFHVVIXO 5 5 5 O R V H P G 5HFORVH FRPPDQG IURP DXWR UHFORVH IXQFWLRQ LVVXHG 2SHUDWL...

Page 218: ... ELQDU LQSXW 2SHUDWLRQDO DQQXQFLDWLRQV IURP WKH FLUFXLW EUHDNHU WHVW IXQFWLRQ L Q 7 H V W LUFXLW EUHDNHU WHVW LQ SURJUHVV 7 H V W S 7ULS VLQJOH SROH E LQWHUQDO FLUFXLW EUHDNHU WHVW IXQFWLRQ 7 H V W S 7ULS VLQJOH SROH E LQWHUQDO FLUFXLW EUHDNHU WHVW IXQFWLRQ 7 H V W S 7ULS VLQJOH SROH E LQWHUQDO FLUFXLW EUHDNHU WHVW IXQFWLRQ 7 H V W S 7ULS WKUHH SROH E LQWHUQDO FLUFXLW EUHDNHU WHVW IXQFWLRQ XUWKHU ...

Page 219: ... IXQFWLRQ XQWLO GURS RII RI WKH ODWHVW SLFN XS RI D SURWHFWLRQ IXQFWLRQ Q WKH IROORZLQJ FODULILFDWLRQ DOO WKH DYDLODEOH IDXOW DQ QXQFLDWLRQV DUH LQGLFDWHG Q WKH FDVH RI D VSHFLILF IDXOW RI FRXUVH RQO WKH DVVRFLDWHG DQQXQFLDWLRQV DSSHDU LQ WKH GLVSOD W ILUVW DQ H DPSOH LV JLYHQ IRU D V VWHP IDXOW DQG H SODLQHG 6 7 8 7 HJLQQLQJ RI WKH EORFN k DXOW DQQXQFLDWLRQV RI WKH ODVW V VWHP IDXOWl HWF 6 V W O ...

Page 220: ...FRPPDQG RI WKH GHYLFH LV DQQXQ FLDWHG RLQJ L H UHVHW RI WKH WULS LV LQGLFDWHG H Y U R S R I I URS RII RI WKH GHYLFH JHQHUDO DXOW DQQXQFLDWLRQV RI GLVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ L V 5 E O N XWR UHFORVXUH EORFNHG E IDXOW LQ RQH L V 5 E O N XWR UHFORVXUH EORFNHG E IDXOW LQ RQH L V W O W DXOW GHWHFWLRQ GLVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ SKDVH L V W O W DXOW GHWHFWLRQ GLVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ SKDVH L V W O W DXOW GHWHFWLRQ GLVWDQFH ...

Page 221: ...U Q OLQH ORRS D IDXOW LQ UHYHUVH GLUHFWLRQ LV GH WHFWHG R R S U Q OLQH ORRS D IDXOW LQ UHYHUVH GLUHFWLRQ LV GH WHFWHG R R S U Q OLQH ORRS D IDXOW LQ UHYHUVH GLUHFWLRQ LV GH WHFWHG R R S U Q OLQH ORRS D IDXOW LQ UHYHUVH GLUHFWLRQ LV GH WHFWHG R R S U Q OLQH ORRS D IDXOW LQ UHYHUVH GLUHFWLRQ LV GH WHFWHG L V 7 U L S S 7ULS VLQJOH SROH E GLVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ L V 7 U L S S 7ULS VLQJOH SROH E GLVWDQFH S...

Page 222: ...R 5 7ULS E H WHUQDO WULS IXQFWLRQ WKUHH SROH ZLWKRXW UHFORVXUH DXOW DQQXQFLDWLRQV RI HPHUJHQF RYHUFXUUHQW WLPH SURWHFWLRQ P H U O W DUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ RI HPHUJHQF RYHUFXUUHQW WLPH SURWHFWLRQ P H U O W DXOW GHWHFWLRQ HPHUJHQF RYHUFXUUHQW WLPH SURWHF WLRQ SKDVH P H U O W DXOW GHWHFWLRQ HPHUJHQF RYHUFXUUHQW WLPH SURWHF WLRQ SKDVH HDUWK P H U O W DXOW GHWHFWLRQ HPHUJHQF RYHUFXUUHQW WLPH SURWHF WLRQ ...

Page 223: ...FXUUHQW WLPH SURWHFWLRQ P H U 7 U L S S 7ULS WKUHH SROH E HPHUJHQF RYHUFXUUHQW WLPH SURWHF WLRQ DXOW DQQXQFLDWLRQ RI WKHUPDO RYHUORDG SURWHFWLRQ 2 7 U L S 7ULS E WKHUPDO RYHUORDG SURWHFWLRQ DXOW DQQXQFLDWLRQ RI HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ LQ QRQ HDUWKHG V VWHPV 1RWH 7KHVH DQQXQFLDWLRQ RFFXU RQO LQ WKH IDXOW DQQXQFLDWLRQV ZKHQ WKH KLJK VHQVLWLYLW HDUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ LV FRQILJXUHG WR WULS RQ HDUWK IDXO...

Page 224: ...HH SROH 5 LV UXQQLQJ 5 7 S U X Q HDG WLPH RI WKLUG RU IXUWKHU WKUHH SROH 5 LV UXQ QLQJ 5 E O R F N G Q 5 IXQFWLRQ G QDPLFDOO EORFNHG E LQWHUQDO FDXVH 5 O R V H P G 5HFORVH FRPPDQG IURP DXWR UHFORVH IXQFWLRQ LVVXHG 5 7 U L S S 7KUHH SROH WULS E LQWHUQDO DXWR UHFORVH IXQFWLRQ FDXVHG E EORFNLQJ GXULQJ VLQJOH SROH 5 F FOH DXOW DQQXQFLDWLRQ RI LQWHUQDO V QFKURQLVP DQG YROWDJH FKHFN IXQFWLRQ 6 Q F 7 V X...

Page 225: ...FRUGHG 7 D E O H R Y H U I O R Z PHDQV WKDW RWKHU IDXOW GDWD KDYH RFFXUUHG KRZHYHU PHPRU LV IXOO 7 D E O H V X S H U F H G H G D QHZ IDXOW HYHQW KDV RFFXUUHG GXULQJ UHDG RXW SDJH RQ ZLWK RU WKH GLVSOD VKRZV WKH ILUVW DQQXQFL DWLRQ LQ WKH DFWXDOL HG RUGHU Q G R I W D E O H I QRW DOO PHPRU SODFHV DUH XVHG WKH ODVW PHVVDJH LV QG RI WDEOH 7KH GDWD RI WKH VHFRQG WR ODVW V VWHP IDXOW FDQ EH IRXQG XQGHU ...

Page 226: ...G V VWHPl H W XQGHU LWHP 1R WKH GDWH DQG WKH VHTXHQFH QXPEHU RI WKH HDUWK IDXOW DUH GLVSOD HG 7KH IROORZLQJ LWHPV VKRZ WKH HDUWK IDXOW GDWD H W H F W L R Q WHP 1R VKRZV WKH WLPH RI FRPPHQFHPHQW RI WKH HDUWK IDXOW H W H F DUWK IDXOW GHWHFWHG LQ SKDVH H W H F DUWK IDXOW GHWHFWHG LQ SKDVH H W H F DUWK IDXOW GHWHFWHG LQ SKDVH I R U Z D U G V DUWK IDXOW LQ IRUZDUG GLUHFWLRQ U H Y H U V H DUWK IDXOW LQ ...

Page 227: ... IRU IRU ZDUGV SDJLQJ RU IRU EDFNZDUGV SDJLQJ QWU RI WKH FRGHZRUG LV QRW UHTXLUHG IRU UHDG RII RI FRXQWHU VWDWHV 2 3 5 7 6 7 7 6 7 6 HJLQQLQJ RI WKH EORFN k LUFXLW EUHDNHU RSHUDWLRQ VWDWLVWLFVl 1XPEHU RI DXWR UHFORVH DWWHPSWV DIWHU VLQJOH SROH WULS H J 1XPEHU RI DXWR UHFORVH DWWHPSWV DIWHU WKUHH SROH WULS VW 5 F FOH 5 5 1XPEHU RI DXWR UHFORVH DWWHPSWV DIWHU WKUHH SROH WULS IXUWKHU 5 F FOHV 5 1XPEH...

Page 228: ...WR WKH GHYLFH XQGHU DGGUHVV EORFN DV GH VFULEHG LQ 6HFWLRQ Q WKH IROORZLQJ H DPSOH VRPH W SLFDO YDOXHV KDYH EHHQ LQVHUWHG Q SUDFWLFH WKH DFWXDO YDOXHV DSSHDU 2 3 5 7 2 1 0 6 8 5 9 8 6 HJLQQLQJ RI WKH EORFN k2SHUDWLRQDO PHDVXUHG YDO XHVl 8VH NH WR PRYH WR WKH QH W DGGUHVV ZLWK WKH QH W PHDVXUHG YDOXH 0 6 9 8 3DJH RQ ZLWK WKH NH WR UHDG RII WKH QH W DGGUHVV ZLWK WKH QH W PHDVXUHG YDOXH RU SDJH EDFN ...

Page 229: ... 9 8 3 U 0 9 U 0 6 9 8 I 7KH SHUFHQWDJH LV UHIHUUHG WR UDWHG IUHTXHQF RU DV SDUDPHWHUL HG XQGHU DGGUHVV UHIHU WR 6HFWLRQ 0 6 9 8 7KH SHUFHQWDJH LV UHIHUUHG WR UDWHG FXUUHQW 0 6 9 8 0 6 9 8 0 6 9 8 8 7KH SHUFHQWDJH LV UHIHUUHG WR UDWHG YROWDJH GLYLGHG E c 0 6 9 8 8 0 6 9 8 8 ...

Page 230: ...DJLQJ ZLWK RU QWU RI WKH FRGHZRUG LV QRW QHFHVVDU 7KH YDOXHV DUH DYDLODEOH DV ORQJ DV WKH WKHUPDO RYHU ORDG SURWHFWLRQ LV FRQILJXUHG DV 7 50 2 67 DGGUHVV DQG VZLWFKHG RQ DGGUHVV 3DJH RQ ZLWK WKH NH WR UHDG RII WKH QH W DGGUHVV ZLWK WKH QH W PHDVXUHG YDOXH RU SDJH EDFN ZLWK 0 6 9 8 W U L S 3 3 7KH FDOFXODWHG WHPSHUDWXUH ULVHV RI WKH LQGLYLGXDO SKDVHV DUH QRW SUHVHQWHG LI WKH PHDVXULQJ PHWKRG 3 ZLWK...

Page 231: ...VHFRQGDU YDOXHV DW WKH UHOD WHUPLQDOV 3UH UHTXLVLWH IRU FRUUHFW RXWSXW RIWKH FXUUHQW YDOXHV LV WKDW WKH UDWHG GDWD DUH FRUUHFWO SD UDPHWHUL HG LQ DGGUHVV EORFN UHIHU WR 6HFWLRQ Q WKH IROORZLQJ H DPSOH VRPH W SLFDO YDOXHV KDYH EHHQ LQVHUWHG Q SUDFWLFH WKH DFWXDO YDOXHV DSSHDU 6 2 0 6 8 5 9 8 6 HJLQQLQJ RI WKH EORFN k0HDVXUHG YDOXHV RI HDUWK IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ LQ QRQ HDUWKHG V VWHPVl 0 6 9 8 H D 8VH NH...

Page 232: ...UHVV LV UHDFKHG E EORFN SDJLQJ ZLWK WKH NH V Â IRUZDUGV RU Ä EDFNZDUGV XS WR DGGUHVV RU E GLUHFW VHOHFWLRQ ZLWK DGGUHVV FRGH XVLQJ NH DGGUHVV DQG H HFXWH ZLWK NH 9 2 1 7 5 2 HJLQQLQJ RI WKH EORFN k HYLFH FRQWUROl GMXVWLQJ DQG V QFKURQL LQJ WKH UHDO WLPH FORFN DGGUHVV EORFN 7KH GDWH DQG WLPH FDQ EH DGMXVWHG DW DQ WLPH GXU LQJ RSHUDWLRQ DV ORQJ DV WKH UHDO WLPH FORFN LV RSHUD WLYH 6HWWLQJ LV FDUULHG...

Page 233: ...KH LQGLYLGXDO LWHPV E SDJLQJ UDVXUH UHTXLUHV FRQ ILUPDWLRQ ZLWK WKH NH 7KH GLVSOD WKHQ FRQILUPV WKH HUDVXUH I HUDVXUH LV QRW UHTXLUHG SUHVV NH 1 RU VLPSO SDJH RQ 5 6 7 HJLQQLQJ RI EORFN k5HVHWl 5 6 7 5HTXHVW ZKHWKHU WKH PHPRULHV VKRXOG EH UHVHW 5 6 7 2 3 5 7 1 1 8 1 5HTXHVW ZKHWKHU WKH RSHUDWLRQDO DQQXQFLDWLRQ EXIIHU VWRUH VKRXOG EH HUDVHG 5 6 7 8 7 1 1 8 1 5HTXHVW ZKHWKHU WKH IDXOW DQQXQFLDWLRQ E...

Page 234: ...RQGLWLRQV DUH WKHQ SHUPD QHQWO VWRUHG LQ 3520V DQG SURWHFWHG DJDLQVW DX LOLDU YROWDJH IDLOXUH WKH GLVSOD FRQILUPV k1 6 77 1 6 6 9 l I RX SUHVV WKH k1Rl NH 1 LQ VWHDG FRGHZRUG RSHUDWLRQ ZLOO EH DERUWHG L H DOO DO WHUDWLRQV ZKLFK KDYH EHHQ FKDQJHG VLQFH WKH ODVW FRGHZRUG HQWU DUH ORVW 7KXV HUURQHRXV DOWHUDWLRQV FDQ EH PDGH LQHIIHFWLYH IXQFWLRQ LV VZLWFKHG 21 ZKHQ WKH RQ FRPPDQG KDV EHHQ JLYHQ E ERWK...

Page 235: ...QFH SURWHFWLRQ LV 3877 RQ LV 3877 RII LV 7HOH RII 3 2 7 7 2 1 2 3HUPLVVLYH RYHUUHDFK WUDQVIHU WULS PRGH IRU GLVWDQFH SURWHFWLRQ LV 3277 RQ LV 3277 RII LV 7HOH RII 2 2 1 2 FKR IXQFWLRQ IRU WHOHSURWHFWLRQ ZLWK GLVWDQFH SURWHF WLRQ LV VZLWFKHG RII DOVR WRJHWKHU ZLWK 0 5 2 2 1 2 PHUJHQF RYHUFXUUHQW WLPH SURWHFWLRQ PHU RII 7 5 0 2 5 0 2 1 2 1 7KHUPDO RYHUORDG SURWHFWLRQ 2 RQ 2 RII 2 3URW RII 2 8 6 2 1 ...

Page 236: ...RU GLUHFWLRQDO FRPSDULVRQ HDUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ LV VZLWFKHG RII WRJHWKHU ZLWK 203 5 7 2 1 2 LJK UHVLVWDQFH HDUWK IDXOW SURWHFWLRQ IRU HDUWKHG V V WHPV QRQ GLUHFWLRQDO LQYHUVH WLPH 3URW RII 5 8 1 7 2 1 2 QWHUQDO DXWR UHFORVH IXQFWLRQ 5 RQ 5 RII 5 RII 6 1 2 1 2 QWHUQDO V QFKURQLVP DQG YROWDJH FKHFN IXQFWLRQ 6 QF RQ 6 QF RII 6 QF RII WWHQWLRQ KHQ WKH LQWHUQDO V QFKURQLVP DQG YROW DJH FKHFN IXQFWLRQ ...

Page 237: ...LV SXUSRVH DGGUHVV EORFN LV DYDLO DEOH SURYLGHG WKH 9 9 SURWRFRO KDV EHHQ FKRVHQ GXULQJ FRQILJXUD WLRQ RI WKH VHULDO V VWHP LQWHUIDFH 6HFWLRQ DG GUHVV DQG RU 9 203 7 RU 9 7 1 7KH EORFN LV FDOOHG XS E SDJLQJ ZLWK WKH NH V Â RU Ä RU GLUHFWO E NH LQJ LQ WKH FRGH 8VH NH WR VFUROO WR DGGUHVV SUHVVLQJ WKH k1Rl NH 1 WKH SRVLWLRQV RI WKLV VZLWFK DUH FKDQJHG 7KH GHVLUHG SRVLWLRQ PXVW EH FRQILUPHG ZLWK WKH ...

Page 238: ...RI WKH SDUDPHWHUV RI DQ GHVLUHG SDUDPHWHU VHW 7KH FKDQJH RYHU SURFHGXUH GHVFULEHG KHUH LV WKHUHIRUH RQO YDOLG IRU UHDG RXW RI SDUDPHWHUV LQ WKH GLVSOD KDQJH RYHU RI WKH DFWLYH SDUDPHWHU VHW IURP WKH RSHUDWLQJ SDQHO RU FKDQJH RYHU WR D GLIIHUHQW SDUDPHWHU VHW L H LI D GLIIHUHQW VHW VKDOO EH DFWLYDWHG WKH DGGUHVV EORFN LV WR EH XVHG RU WKLV FRGHZRUG HQWU LV UH TXLUHG 7KH EORFN IRU SURFHVVLQJ SDUDPHW...

Page 239: ...LQDU LQSXWV DUH DYDLODEOH IRU FRQWURO RI WKH SDUDPHWHU VHWV 7KHVH ELQDU LQSXWV DUH GHVLJQDWHG k 3DUDP6HOHF l DQG k 3DUDP 6HOHF l 1R DQG 7KH ORJLFDO ELQDU LQSXWV PXVW EH DOORFDWHG WR SK VLFDO LQSXW PRGXOHV UHIHU 6HFWLRQ LQ RU GHU WR DOORZ FRQWURO Q LQSXW LV WUHDWHG DV QRW HQ HUJL HG ZKHQ LW LV QRW DVVLJQHG WR DQ SK VLFDO LQ SXW 7KH FRQWURO LQSXW VLJQDOV PXVW EH FRQWLQXRXVO SUHVHQW DV ORQJ DV WKH VH...

Page 240: ...VLWLRQ 7KH VKRUW FLU FXLW VZLWFK PXVW EH FKHFNHG EHIRUHKDQG UHIHU 6HFWLRQ 1 5 W LV UHFRPPHQGHG WKDW WKH DFWXDO VHWWLQJV IRU WKH UHOD EH XVHG IRU WKH WHVWLQJ SURFHGXUH I WKHVH YDO XHV DUH QRW HW DYDLODEOH WHVW WKH UHOD ZLWK WKH IDF WRU VHWWLQJV Q WKH IROORZLQJ GHVFULSWLRQ RI WKH WHVW VHTXHQFH WKH SUHVHW VHWWLQJV DUH DVVXPHG XQOHVV RWKHUZLVH QRWHG IRU GLIIHUHQW VHWWLQJ YDOXHV IRUPX ODH DUH JLYHQ ZKH...

Page 241: ...FXUUHQW WLPH SURWHFWLRQ SSO V PPHWULFDO UDWHG YROWDJHV WR DOO WKUHH SKDVHV WR DYRLG LPPHGLDWH WULS DIWHU SLFN XS 7HVWLQJ FDQ EH SHUIRUPHG ZLWK VLQJOH SKDVH WZR SKDVH RU WKUHH SKDVH WHVW FXUUHQW ZLWKRXW GLIILFXO WLHV 6HWWLQJ SDUDPHWHU SK DGGUHVV LV GHFLVLYH IRU WKH SKDVH FXUUHQWV RU VHWWLQJ YDOXHV XS WR 1 WKH FXUUHQW FDQ EH LQFUHDVHG JUDGXDOO LQ DQ SKDVH XQWLO WKH VWDJH SLFNV XS DXWLRQ 7HVW FXUUHQW...

Page 242: ... l DQG DW GHOLYHU IRU SKDVH IRU D GLIIHUHQW SKDVH DFFRUGLQJO k LVW OW l DQG IRU k LVW OW l DQG IRU I YROWDJH FRQWURO LV FDUULHG RXW ZLWK 8SK SK VHW WHVW YROWDJH RI WKH WHVWHG ORRS WR DSSUR LPDWHO WKH UDWHG YROWDJH VHW WHVW FXUUHQW RI ERWK WKH SKDVHV WR WZLFH WKH VHWWLQJ YDOXH SK DGGUHVV SKDVH UHOD WLRQVKLS RI WHVW YROWDJH DQG WHVW FXUUHQW LV LUUHOHYDQW 7KH SKDVH WR SKDVH YROWDJH LV GHFLVLYH IRU SL...

Page 243: ...RQV UHDFK 83 9 3 1 RU WKH UHVLVWDQFH LQWHUVHFWLRQV 5 OLPLWDWLRQ 83 9 5 5 3 1 ZKHUH 3 WHVW FXUUHQW 1 UDWHG FXUUHQW RI UHOD 83 WHVW YROWDJH DW WKUHVKROG VHWWLQJ YDOXH IRU D LV SRVL WLYH RU VHWWLQJ YDOXH IRU D LV QHJDWLYH 5 VHWWLQJ YDOXH 5 RU 5 IRU 5 D LV SRVLWLYH IRU 5 D LV QHJDWLYH IDFWRU IRU LQWHUVHFWLRQ DFFRUGLQJ 7DEOH 5 IDFWRU IRU 5 LQWHUVHFWLRQ DFFRUGLQJ 7DEOH RU SKDVH WR HDUWK WHVWLQJ WKH WHVW...

Page 244: ...3 DQG 3 RU GLI IHUHQW SKDVH DQJOHV VHWWLQJ YDOXH 5 LV GHFLVLYH 7DEOH JLYHV WKH IDFWRUV DQG 5 IRU RXU RZQ VHWWLQJV IRU WHVW DQJOHV 3 DQG DQG WKH JHQHUDOO DSSOLFDEOH IRUPXODH 7HVWLQJ WKH GLVWDQFH RQHV OZD V DSSO WKUHH SKDVH WHVW YROWDJH HQVXUH FORFNZLVH SKDVH URWDWLRQ HHS WKH YROWDJH V LQ WKH XQWHVWHG SKDVH V DW DSSUR LPDWHO UDWHG YDOXH HHG D WHVW FXUUHQW 3 1 LQWR WKH ORRS XQGHU WHVW I WKH WHVW YROW...

Page 245: ...JHV RWKHUZLVH HUURU ZLOO RFFXU RU WKUHH SKDVH WHVWLQJ LW LV UHDVRQDEOH WR PHDVXUH RQH SKDVH WR HDUWK YROWDJH DQG WKH DVVRFLDWHG SKDVH FXUUHQW RU WKH IDFWRU VHW YDOXHV DQG 3 1 WKH UHVXOWDQW YROWDJHV ZLOO EH DV 7DEOHV WR 7DEOH JLYHV WKH IDFWRUV DQG 5 IRU RXU RZQ VHWWLQJV IRU WHVW DQJOHV 3 E DQG E DQG WKH JHQHUDOO DSSOLFDEOH IRUPXODH RQH SKDVH SKDVH SKDVH 83 9 83 9 83 9 83 9 83 9 83 9 3 3 7DEOH 7HVW ...

Page 246: ... GUHVV WKH WUDQVPLVVLRQ VLJQDO DSSHDUV LWK SHUPLVVLYH XQGHUUHDFK WUDQVIHU WULS LQ RQH DGGUHVV 3877 02 5 7 21 VLPXODWH D VKRUW FLUFXLW LQ EXW EH RQG 7ULSSLQJ UHVXOWV LPPHGLDWHO WKH UHFHLYHG VLJQDO k LV 5HFHSWl 1R DSSHDUV UHVSHFWLYH O LQ 7 RU ZLWKRXW UHFHLYHG VLJQDO ILUVW LQ D GHOD HG VWDJH RU WKH FRQGLWLRQ SHUPLVVLYH XQGHUUHDFK WUDQVIHU WULS E IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ DGGUHVV 5 7 21 WKH UHOD PXVW WULS LPPHG...

Page 247: ...KLS LV HVWDE OLVKHG 3 3WULS N 7KLV YDOXH FDQ EH UHDG RXW LQ DGGUHVV EORFN IRU HDFK SKDVH 7R FKHFN WKH WLPH FRQVWDQW WKH FXUUHQW LQSXW LV VLP SO VXEMHFWHG WR WKH SLFN XS YDOXH L H N 1 7ULSSLQJ ZLOO WKHQ EH LQLWLDWHG DIWHU D WLPH LQWHUYDO ZKLFK FRUUHVSRQGV WR KDOI WKH WLPH FRQVWDQW W LV DOVR SRVVLEOH WR FKHFN WKH WULS FKDUDFWHULVWLF LJ XUH W PXVW EH QRWHG WKDW EHIRUH HDFK PHDVXUH PHQW WKH WHPSHUDWXU...

Page 248: ...211 7 8GHOWD 75 16 250 WKH YROWDJH IURP WKH UHVLGXDO YROWDJH ZLQGLQJ LV DSSOLHG WR WKH PHDVXUHG YDOXH LQ SXW RU D VLQJOH SKDVH YROWDJH LV DSSOLHG WR WKH SKDVH LQWR ZKLFK WKH FXUUHQW LV IHG W PXVW EH UHPHPEHUHG WKDW FXUUHQW DQG YROWDJH LQ WKDW VDPH SKDVH PXVW EH LQ SKDVH RSSRVLWLRQ VR WKDW WKH UHOD WULSV LQ WKH kIRU ZDUGVl GLUHFWLRQ DQQXQFLDWLRQ k 7 l 1R QRW DOORFDWHG LQ WKH IDFWRU VHWWLQJ I GLUHFW...

Page 249: ...DQG YROWDJH FKHFN IXQFWLRQV LI ILWWHG 7KH V QFKURQLVP DQG YROWDJH FKHFN IXQFWLRQ FDQ RSHUDWH ZLWK WKH LQWHJUDWHG DXWR UHFORVH IXQFWLRQ RU ZLWK DQ H WHUQDO DXWR UHFORVXUH GHYLFH GGLWLRQDOO V QFKURQLVP RU GHDG OLQH FKHFN FDQ EH SHUIRUPHG EHIRUH PDQXDO FORVLQJ RI WKH FLUFXLW EUHDNHU 3UH UHTXLVLWH LV WKDW LW LV FRQILJXUHG DV 6 1 67 GGUHVV UHIHU WR 6HFWLRQ DQG VZLWFKHG WR 6 1 21 GGUHVV 7KH PHDVXUHG YRO...

Page 250: ...JH PXVW EH WDNHQ LQWR DFFRXQW LQ WKH VHWWLQJ IRU GRXEOH HDUWK IDXOW SUHIHUHQFH LQ LVR ODWHG RU FRPSHQVDWHG QHWZRUNV DGGUHVV 6HFWLRQ RU IRU GRXEOH HDUWK IDXOW WUHDWPHQW LQ HDUWKHG QHWZRUNV DGGUHVV 6HFWLRQ DQG ZKHQ DSSURSULDWH LQ WKH DOORFDWLRQ RI WKH LQGLYLGXDO SKDVH SLFN XS LQGLFDWLRQV DQG WULS FRPPDQGV 6HFWLRQ WR XUUHQWV DQG YROWDJHV FDQ EH UHDG RII RQ WKH GLVSOD LQ WKH IURQW RU YLD WKH RSHUDWLQJ...

Page 251: ...G 7 6 7 6 HJLQQLQJ RI EORFN k7HVWVl 5 7 2 1 0 3 1 6 ORFN k LUHFWLRQDO WHVWl KHQ WKH DGGUHVV DSSHDUV LQ WKH GLVSOD WKH GLUHFWLRQDO WHVW RI WKH LQGLYLGXDO PHDVXUHPHQW ORRSV LV VH OHFWHG ZLWK WKH NH RU FRQILUPDWLRQ RI WKH GLUHFWLRQDO WHVW WKH k HVl NH LV XVHG WKLV VWDUWV WKHGLUHFWLRQ DO WHVW 7KH VHOHFWHG PHDVXUHPHQW ORRS FDUULHV RXW D GLUHFWLRQDO FKHFN DQG LQGLFDWHV WKH UHVXOW RQ WKH GLVSOD RDG IORZ ...

Page 252: ... LQGLYLGXDO SKDVHV LQ WKH FXUUHQW RU YROWDJH WUDQVIRUPHUFRQQHF WLRQV DUH LQWHUFKDQJHG RU WKH SKDVH UHODWLRQVKLS LV QRW FRUUHFW KHFN WKH FRQQHFWLRQV I WKH ORDG LV FDSDFLWLYH FDXVHG IRU H DPSOH E XQ GHUH FLWHG JHQHUDWRUV RU FKDUJLQJ FXUUHQWV ERUGHU OLQH FDVHV FDQ RFFXU ZLWK UHVSHFW WR WKH GLUHFWLRQDO FKDUDFWHULVWLFV ZKLFK ZLOO OHDG WR XQGHILQHG RU LQFRQ VLVWHQW GLUHFWLRQDO LQIRUPDWLRQ PHDQV RI WKH O...

Page 253: ...P WKH GLUHFWLRQ RI WKH EXV EDU RI WKH FLUFXLW XQGHU WHVW RU FDEOHV WKH HDUWK VKRXOG EH DSSOLHG DW WKH UHPRWH HQG WHU PLQDWLRQ 2SHQ WKH OLQH HDUWKLQJ VZLWFKHV ORVH WKH FLUFXLW EUHDNHU DW WKH OLQH HQG WR EH WHVWHG KHFN WKH GLUHFWLRQDO LQGLFDWLRQ JLYHQ DSSURSUL DWHO DOORFDWHG Q WKH HDUWK IDXOW UHSRUW RQ WKH RSHUDWRU WHUPLQDO DGGUHVV VHH DOVR 6HFWLRQ WKH HDUWK IDXOWHG SKDVH DQG WKH OLQH GLUHFWLRQ L H ...

Page 254: ...G EHIRUH DQ FXUUHQW OHDGV WR WKH UHOD DUH LQWHUUXSWHG 7KH GLVSODFHPHQW YROWDJH ZLOO EH GHULYHG E E SDVV LQJ D YROWDJH WUDQVIRUPHU SKDVH H J VHH LJXUH I HDUWK GHWHFWLRQ ZLQGLQJV RI WKH YROWDJH WUDQVIRUPHUV DUH QRW DYDLODEOH WKH FRUUHVSRQGLQJ SKDVH VKRXOG EH LQWHUUXSWHG RQ WKH VHFRQGDU VLGH Q WKH FXUUHQW FLUFXLW RQO WKH FXUUHQW IURP WKH FXU UHQW WUDQVIRUPHU FRUUHVSRQGLQJ WR WKH SKDVH LQ ZKLFK WKH YR...

Page 255: ... 7 UHIHU 6HFWLRQ I PHDVXUHPHQW LV FDUULHG RXW RYHU D WUDQVIRUPHU FKHFN DGGUHVV WRR WKLV SDUDPHWHU PDWFKHV WKH FRQQHFWLRQ JURXS RI WKH WUDQVIRUPHU UHIHU WR 6HFWLRQ I WKH SDUDPHWHUV DUH FRUUHFW FKHFN DQG FRUUHFW WKH SRODULW RI WKH YROWDJH WUDQV IRUPHU FRQQHFWLRQ IURP WKH EXV EDU YROWDJH 2SHQ FLUFXLW EUHDNHU 6HW WKH V QFKURQLVP FKHFN IXQFWLRQ WR WKH GHDG OLQH FKHFN SURJUDP L H DG GUHVV 8 8 6 6WDUW E ...

Page 256: ...HUHQW WHOHSURWHFWLRQ PHWKRG LV XVHG WKLV VXEVHF WLRQ FDQ EH SDVVHG RYHU Q WKH 6FRSH RI GHYLFHV XQGHU DGGUHVV PXVW EH VHW 7 3527 29 55 UHIHU 6HFWLRQ DQG 3277 02 DGGUHVV PXVW EH SD UDPHWHUL HG DV 5 9 56 17 5 2 UHIHU 6HFWLRQ 7KH SURWHFWLRQ UHOD RQ WKH LQFRPLQJ IHHGHU DQG WKRVH RQ DOO RXWJRLQJ FLUFXLWV PXVW EH LQ RSHUD WLRQ W ILUVW WKH DX LOLDU YROWDJH IRU UHYHUVH LQWHUORFN LQJ VKRXOG QRW EH VZLWFKHG ...

Page 257: ...QHFHVVDU W WKH OLQH HQG WR EH WHVWHG DV VHQGHU VLPXODWH DIDXOW ZLWKLQ RQH W WKH UHFHLYLQJ HQG VLPXODWH D IDXOW ZLWKLQ RQH EXW EH RQG ZKHQ VHW 3877 02 5 7 21 DGGUHVV 7KH SURWHFWLRQ WULSV DW RQFH RU 7 ZLWKRXW UHFHSWLRQ D GHOD HG VWDJH FDQ RQO EH HIIHFWLYH W WKH UHFHLYLQJ HQG VLPXODWH DQ SLFN XS ZKHQ VHW 3877 02 5 7 21 DGGUHVV 7KH SURWHFWLRQ WULSV LQVWDQWDQHRXV ZLWKRXW UHFHS WLRQ LQ D GHOD HG VWDJH 5...

Page 258: ...WKH FLUFXLW EUHDNHU QLWLDWLRQ RI WKH WHVW F FOH FDQ EH JLYHQ IURP WKH RSHU DWRU NH ERDUG RU YLD WKH RSHUDWLQJ LQWHUIDFH FRGH ZRUG LQSXW LV QHFHVVDU 7KH SURFHGXUH LV VWDUWHG ZLWK DGGUHVV ZKLFK FDQ EH UHDFKHG E GLUHFW DGGUHVVLQJ RU E SDJLQJ ZLWK Ä RU Â Q WKH DGGUHVVHV RI WKLV EORFN WKHUH LV D QXPEHU RI SRVVLELOLWLHV DYDLODEOH ZKLFK DUH VKRZQ LQ WKH IROORZ LQJ ER HV 6LQJOH SROH WULS FORVH WHVWV ZLOO ...

Page 259: ...WKH UHOD WKURXJK D ELQDU LQSXW RI WKH FLUFXLW EUHDNHU SRVLWLRQ WKH WHVW FDQ RQO EH VWDUWHG ZKHQ WKH FLUFXLW EUHDNHU LV FORVHG 7KLV DGGLWLRQDO VHFXULW IHDWXUH VKRXOG QRW EH RPLWWHG ZKHQ DQ H WHUQDO DXWR UH FORVH UHOD LV SUHVHQW XULQJ PDUVKDOOLQJ RI WKH ELQDU LQSXWV UHIHU 6HF WLRQ WKH UHOD KDV EHHQ LQIRUPHG ZKLFK ELQDU LQSXW LQGLFDWHV WKH FLUFXLW EUHDNHU SRVLWLRQ I WKH DX LOLDU FRQWDFW LV DVVLJQHG W...

Page 260: ...G LQ WKH GLVSOD RU RQ WKH 3 VFUHHQ I KRZHYHU WKH FLUFXLW EUHDNHU DX LOLDU FRQWDFW DVVLJQHG WR D ELQDU LQSXW DQG FRQQHFWHG WKH UHOD UHMHFWV WKH WHVW F FOH DV ORQJ DV WKH DX LOLDU FRQWDFW LQGLFDWHV WKDW WKH FLUFXLW EUHDNHU LV QRW FORVHG HYHQ LI WKH RSHUDWRU KDV FRQ ILUPHG WKDW LW LV 2QO ZKHQ QR FLUFXLW EUHDNHU DX LOLD U FRQWDFW LV DVVLJQHG WR DQ ELQDU LQSXW ZLOO WKH UHOD FRQVLGHU WKH RSHUDWRU V FRQI...

Page 261: ... WULJJHU WLPH ZDV VHW XQGHU DGGUHVV 6FDQQLQJ D WHVW IDXOW UHFRUG LV HVSHFLDOO LQWHUHVWLQJ IRU XVH RQ FDEOHV DQG ORQJ RYHUKHDG OLQHV ZKHUH FRQVLGHUDEOH LQUXVK FXUUHQWV FDQ EH SURGXFHG E FKDUJLQJ RI WKH OLQH FDSDFLWDQFHV 7KH IDXOW UHFRUG LV WULJJHUHG YLD D ELQDU LQSXW DW WKH LQVWDQW RI WKH EUHDNHU FORVLQJ FRPPDQG 0DQXDO VWDUWLQJ RI D IDXOW UHFRUG FDQ EH FDUULHG RXW LQ DGGUHVV EORFN ZKLFK FDQ EH UHDF...

Page 262: ...W VWDWH RI WKH UHOD FDQ EH GLVSOD HG VHH EHORZ 7KHVH YDOXHV KDV EHHQ FKRVHQ GXULQJ FRQILJXUDWLRQ UHIHU WR 6HFWLRQ XQGHU WKH DGGUHVVHV DQG 6WRUHG LQGLFDWLRQV RQ WKH IURQW SODWH VKRXOG EH UHVHW E SUHVVLQJ WKH SXVK EXWWRQ k5 6 7 l RQ WKH IURQW VR WKDW IURP WKHQ RQ RQO UHDO IDXOWV DUH LQGL FDWHG URP WKDW PRPHQW WKH PHDVXUHG YDOXHV RI WKH TXLHVFHQW VWDWH DUH GLVSOD HG XULQJ SXVKLQJ WKH 5 6 7 EXWWRQ WKH...

Page 263: ... WKH UHG k ORFNHGl RQ WKH IURQW SODWH URS RII RI WKH DYDLODELOLW UHOD VLJQDOV kHTXLSPHQW IDXOWl 7KH UHDFWLRQ WR GHIHFWV DQG LQGLFDWLRQV JLYHQ E WKH UHOD FDQ EH LQGLYLGXDOO DQG LQ FKURQRORJLFDO VH TXHQFH UHDG RII DV RSHUDWLRQDO DQQXQFLDWLRQV XQGHU WKH DGGUHVV IRU GHIHFW GLDJQRVLV UHIHU WR 6HF WLRQ I WKH UHOD LV FRQQHFWHG WR D ORFDO VXEVWDWLRQ DXWR PDWLRQ V VWHP 6 GHIHFW LQGLFDWLRQV ZLOO DOVR EH WUD...

Page 264: ...XUDWLRQ GDWD DQG VHWWLQJV RI WKH GH YLFH DUH VWRUHG LQ 3520V SURWHFWHG DJDLQVW VZLWFKLQJ RII RI WKH SRZHU VXSSO 7KH DUH VWRUHG LQGHSHQGHQW RI WKH EDFN XS EDWWHU 7KH DUH WKHUHIRUH QHLWKHU ORVW ZKHQ WKH EDWWHU LV UH SODFHG QRU ZKHQ WKH GHYLFH LV RSHUDWHG ZLWKRXW D EDWWHU 2QO IRU UHOD XQWLO SURGXFWLRQ VHULHV 3UH SDUH WKH EDWWHU DV LQ LJXUH R QRW VKRUW FLUFXLW EDWWHU R QRW UH YHUVH EDWWHU SRODULWLHV R...

Page 265: ...KH GLVFKDUJHG EDWWHU FRQWDLQV LWKLXP W PXVW RQO EH GLVSRVHG RII LQ OLQH ZLWK WKH DSSOLFDEOH UHJXODWLRQV DUQLQJ R QRW UHYHUVH SRODULWLHV R QRW UH FKDUJH R QRW WKURZ LQWR ILUH DQJHU RI H SORVLRQ 3URYLGHG WKH LQWHUQDO V VWHP FORFN LV QRW DXWRPDW LFDOO V QFKURQL HG YLD WKH 6 LQWHUIDFH LW FDQ QRZ EH VHW RU V QFKURQL HG DV GHVFULEHG LQ 6HF WLRQ ORVH KRXVLQJ FRYHU 7KH UHSODFHPHQW RI WKH EDFN XS EDWWHU KD...

Page 266: ...KRZ HYHU UHVXOWV LQ ORVV RI IDXOW GDWD DQG PHVVDJHV LI WKH UHOD LV QRW HTXLSSHG ZLWK D EXIIHU EDWWHU DQG LI D SDUDPHWHUL LQJ SURFHVV KDV QRW HW EHHQ FRP SOHWHG WKH ODVW SDUDPHWHUV DUH QRW VWRUHG 5HSODFLQJ WKH PLQL IXVH 6HOHFW D UHSODFHPHQW IXVH l PP QVXUH WKDW WKH UDWHG YDOXH WLPH ODJ PHGLXP VORZ DQG FRGH OHWWHUV DUH FRUUHFW LJXUH 3UHSDUH DUHD RI ZRUN SURYLGH FRQGXFWLYH VXUIDFH IRU WKH EDVLF PRGXO...

Page 267: ...6ZLWFK RQ WKH GHYLFH DJDLQ I D SRZHU VXSSO IDLOXUH LV VWLOO VLJQDOOHG D IDXOW RU VKRUW FLUFXLW LV SUHVHQW LQ WKH LQWHUQDO SRZHU VXSSO 7KH GHYLFH VKRXOG EH UH WXUQHG WR WKH IDFWRU VHH KDSWHU 9LHZ IURP DERYH RQWR D VL H PRGXOH ZLWK UHOHDVLQJ OHYHU 5HPRYLQJ WKH EDVLF PRGXOH RRVHQ WKH EDVLF PRGXOH XVLQJ WKH SXOOLQJ DLGV SURYLGHG DW WKH WRS DQG ERWWRP 3XOO RXW EDVLF PRGXOH DQG SODFH RQWR FRQGXFWLYH VXU...

Page 268: ... HDUWKHG PHWDO VXUIDFH 7KLV DSSOLHV HTXDOO IRU WKH UHSODFHPHQW RI UHPRYDEOH FRPSRQHQWV VXFK DV 3520 RU 3520 FKLSV RU WUDQVSRUW DQG UHWXUQLQJ RI LQGLYLG XDO PRGXOHV HOHFWURVWDWLF SURWHFWLYH SDFN LQJ PDWHULDO PXVW EH XVHG DXWLRQ RPSRQHQWV DQG PRGXOHV DUH QRW HQGDQJHUHG DV ORQJ DV WKH DUH LQVWDOOHG ZLWKLQ WKH UHOD 6KRXOG LW EHFRPH QHFHVVDU WR H FKDQJH DQ GH YLFH RU PRGXOH WKH FRPSOHWH SDUDPHWHU DVVLJ...

Page 269: ... SSHQGL 6 9 SSHQGL HQHUDO GLDJUDPV RQQHFWLRQ GLDJUDPV 7DEOHV ...

Page 270: ...X HK XVH 685 02817 1 6 200 1 25 6 200 1 0 5 6 5 1 1387 0 H Q H U D O D Q U H J X Q J 1 5 6 7 5 7 6 H Q G H Q 5 5 5 6 1 6 0 H O G X Q W H U G U Ú F N X Q J 2 5 0 0 Û E H U Z D F K X Q J 0 6 8 5 9 8 6 8 3 5 9 6 2 1 H U W E H U H L W 9 2 3 5 7 9 8 O R F N L H U X Q J 5 2 8 8 8 8 1 8 8 6 L O I V N R Q W D N W 8 2 1 7 7 D Q G L Q 0 1 8 2 6 LJXUH HQHUDO GLDJUDP 6 VKHHW RI ...

Page 271: ...7 5 3 2 0 0 1 H Q H U D O D X V O Ð V X Q J 7 5 3 1 5 6 E H U H L W 5 8 O R F N 5 2 8 L Q 5 2 1 8 X V 5 2 X V R P P D Q G R 7 5 3 2 0 0 1 0 Q U H J X Q J 6 7 5 7 0 Q U H J X Q J 6 7 5 7 0 Q U H J X Q J 6 7 5 7 0 Q U H J X Q J 6 7 5 7 0 5 L F K W X Q J U Ú F N Z U W V 2 7 2 1 5 9 5 6 LQEDX HK XVH 86 02817 1 6 XIEDX HK XVH 685 02817 1 6 LJXUH HQHUDO GLDJUDP 6 VKHHW RI ...

Page 272: ...60 60 LQEDX XQG XIEDXJHK XVH PLW 9 6FKQLWWVWHOOH 86 1 685 02817 1 6 7 9 6 5 7 1 6 69 LQEDXJHK XVH PLW 0RGXO 86 02817 1 6 7 5 237 17 5 6 60 60 69 XIEDXJHK XVH PLW 0RGXO 685 02817 1 6 7 5 237 17 5 6 LJXUH HQHUDO GLDJUDP 6 VKHHW RI ...

Page 273: ...Q 6LJQDO UHOD DXOW GHWHFWLRQ 6LJQDO UHOD DXOW GHWHFWLRQ DXOW GHWHFWLRQ 6LJQDO UHOD 5HYHUVH GLUHFWLRQ 6LJQDO UH OD 26 FRPPDQG HQHUDO IDXOW GHWHFWLRQ 75 3 75 3 2SWLRQDO 9 LQWHUIDFH RSWLFDO ILEUH LQWHUIDFH LQDU LQSXWV VLJQDO UHOD V WULS UHOD V V DUH IUHHO DUUDQJDEOH LQDU LQSXW LQDU LQSXW LQDU LQSXW LQDU LQSXW LQDU LQSXW LQDU LQSXW LQDU LQSXW LQDU LQSXW LQDU LQSXW 7 ULS UH ODLV 7 ULS UH ODLV 7 ULS UH ...

Page 274: ...UDQVIRUPHU XV EDU LQH 1RWH I WKH FXUUHQW SRODULW LV FKDQJHG XQGHU DGGUHVV WKLV FKDQJHV DOVR WKH SRODULW RI WKH FXUUHQW LQSXW LJXUH 7 FLUFXLWV ZLWK 7V DQG DGGLWLRQDO VXPPDWLRQ 7 6 HHGHU 7V VXUIDFH IOXVK H J VXPPDWLRQ WUDQVIRUPHU 1RWH I WKH FXUUHQW SRODULW LV FKDQJHG XQGHU DGGUHVV WKLV FKDQJHV DOVR WKH SRODULW RI WKH FXUUHQW LQSXW XV EDU LQH LJXUH 7 FLUFXLWV ZLWK 7V DQG DGGLWLRQDO VXPPDWLRQ 7 QRW IR...

Page 275: ...7V VXUIDFH IOXVK LJXUH 97 FLUFXLWV ZLWK 97V 1RWH I RSHQ GHOWD YROWDJH LV QRW DYDLODEOH QHLWKHU IURP IHHGHU 97V QRU IURP EXV EDU 97V WKH DSSURSULDWH LQ SXW RQ WKH UHOD UHPDLQV XQFRQQHFWHG 1HYHUWKH OHVV WKH UHOD LV DEOH WR GHWHFW HDUWK IDXOWV SURYLGHG WKUHH VWDU FRQQHFWHG DQG HDUWKHG YROWDJH WUDQV IRUPHUV DUH DYDLODEOH UHIHU LJXUH 8 8 8 8 6 HHGHU 97V VXUIDFH IOXVK 8 DQ YROWDJH IURP WKH EXV EDU SKDVH...

Page 276: ...OÚ V V H O 2 U G H U R G H 5 H OD LV 5 H OD 5 H OD LV 5 H OD 5 H OD LV 5 H OD 5 H OD LV 5 H OD 5 H OD LV 5 H OD 5 H OD LV 5 H OD LG H U V WD Q G V V WX IH Q X U 6 F K X W D G H U Q D Q S D V V X Q J U R S S H U U H V LV WD Q F H V IR U S LOR WZ LU H OR R S 5 5 5 5 5 5 N N N N N N N N N N N N 9 9 9 9 9 9 6WDWLRQ 3 6 F D E G 5 5 5 5 6 H Q G H Q 7 U D Q V P LW 8 6 7 5 3 P S ID Q J 5 H F H LY H QHUJLH...

Page 277: ...5 H OD LV 5 H OD 5 H OD LV 5 H OD LG H U V WD Q G V V WX IH Q X U 6 F K X W D G H U Q D Q S D V V X Q J U R S S H U U H V LV WD Q F H V IR U S LOR WZ LU H OR R S 5 5 5 5 5 5 N N N N N N 9 9 9 9 9 9 6WDWLRQ 3 6 F D E G 5 5 5 5 6 H Q G H Q 7 U D Q V P LW 8 6 7 5 3 P S ID Q J 5 H F H LY H QHUJLHOHLWXQJ 3RZHU OLQH Q U H J X Q J D X OWG H W V 0 H OG X Q J LOIV D G H U Q J H V WÐ U W Q Q X Q F LD WLR Q ...

Page 278: ...WLRQV PHDVXUHG YDOXHV HWF DGGUHVV EORFNV WR 7DEOH 5HIHUHQFH WDEOH IRU FRQILJXUDWLRQ SDUDPHWHUV DGGUHVV EORFNV WR 7DEOH 2SHUDWLRQDO GHYLFH FRQWURO IDFLOLWLHV DGGUHVV EORFNV WR 127 7KH IROORZLQJ WDEOHV OLVW DOO GDWD ZKLFK DUH DYDLODEOH LQ WKH PD LPXP FRPSOHPHQW RI WKH GHYLFH HSHQ GHQW RQ WKH RUGHUHG PRGHO RQO WKRVH GDWD PD EH SUHVHQW ZKLFK DUH YDOLG IRU WKH LQGLYLGXDO YHUVLRQ 127 7KH DFWXDO WDEOHV D...

Page 279: ...I p 21 63 PC operation via system interface CG GI 135 83 95 Parameters are being set CG 11 CA GI p 22 96 Parameter set A is active CG 40 CA GI p 23 97 Parameter set B is active CG 41 CA GI p 24 98 Parameter set C is active CG 42 CA GI p 25 99 Parameter set D is active CG 43 CA GI p 26 110 Annunciations lost buffer overflow C 9 135 130 112 Annunciations for LSA lost C 10 135 131 113 Fault tag lost ...

Page 280: ...pted current Phase L2 I In V 251 150 172 523 Interrupted current Phase L3 I In V 252 150 173 561 Circuit breaker manually closed pulse C 18 150 211 562 CB close command for manual closing C 150 212 601 Current in phase IL1 M CA 134 128 602 Current in phase IL2 M CA 134 128 603 Current in phase IL3 M CA 134 128 621 UL1E M CA 134 128 622 UL2E M CA 134 128 623 UL3E M CA 134 128 624 UL12 M 134 128 625...

Page 281: ...ction is blocked CG GI 61 52 2053 Emergency O C protection is active CG GI 61 53 2054 Emergency O C protection is running CG 50 CA GI p 37 2061 Emerg O C prot General fault detect CG 160 BT 61 61 2062 Emerg O C prot Fault detection L1 CG 145 61 62 2063 Emerg O C prot Fault detection L2 CG 146 61 63 2064 Emerg O C prot Fault detection L3 CG 147 61 64 2065 Emerg O C prot Earth fault detection CG 148...

Page 282: ...GI 41 32 2934 Synchro check function faulty CG GI 41 34 2935 Synchro check supervision time expired C 41 35 2941 Synchro check function is running CG GI 41 41 2942 Synchro check function override bypass C 41 42 2943 Synchronism U1 U2 detected C 41 43 2944 Live line dead busbar U1 U2 detected C 41 44 2945 Dead line live busbar U1 U2 detected C 41 45 2946 Dead line dead busbar U1 U2 detected C 41 46...

Page 283: ... 202 3803 Dist Trip phase L2 1pole only C 239 28 203 3804 Dist Trip phase L3 1pole only C 240 28 204 3805 Dist Trip 3pole C 241 28 205 4051 Dist teleprotection is switched on CG CA GI p 17 4052 Dist teleprotection is switched off CG 63 GI 29 52 4054 Dist teleprotection Carrier reception C 57 CA p 77 4055 Dist teleprotection Carrier faulty CG 60 CA GI p 39 4056 Dist teleprotection Carrier send C 24...

Page 284: ...Param Set A Parameter set A is active CG O 97 Param Set B Parameter set B is active CG O 98 Param Set C Parameter set C is active CG O 99 Param Set D Parameter set D is active CG O 100 Wrong SW vers Wrong software version C 101 Wrong dev ID Wrong device identification C 110 Annunc lost Annunciations lost buffer overflow C 111 Annu PC lost Annunciations for PC lost C 115 Flt Buff Over Fault annunci...

Page 285: ...mcb Trip U2 Busbar side VT MCB tripped CG IOT 381 1p Trip Perm External auto reclose ready for 1pole CG IOT 382 Only 1pole External AR programmed for 1pole only CG IOT 383 RAR Release Release overreach zones RAR CG CG IOT 384 DAR Release Release overreach zones DAR CG CG IOT 501 Device FltDet General fault detection of device OT 502 Dev Drop off General drop off of device C 503 Dev FltDet L1 Gener...

Page 286: ...ds 3p DAR M 1106 Start FltLoc Start fault locator CG IOT 1114 Rpri Fault resistance Ohm prim C 1115 Xpri Fault reactance Ohm prim C 1117 Rsec Fault resistance Ohm sec C 1118 Xsec Fault reactance Ohm sec C 1119 d Distance to fault in km C 1120 d Distance to fault in C 1156 CB Test CB test start IOT 1174 CB in Test Circuit breaker test in progress CG OT 1181 CB Test Trip Circuit breaker test General...

Page 287: ...d protection IOT 1503 O L block Block thermal overload protection IOT 1511 O L Prot off Thermal overload prot is switched off CG OT 1512 O L blocked Thermal overload protection is blocked CG OT 1513 O L active Thermal overload protection is active OT 1515 O L Warn I Thermal overload prot Current warning CG OT 1516 O L Warn Î Thermal overload prot Thermal warning CG OT 1517 O L pickup Î Thermal ove...

Page 288: ...AR Ext 3pole trip for internal AR C IOT 2721 DAR aft RAR AR Delayed AR only after rapid AR CG IOT 2730 CB ready AR Circuit breaker ready for reclose IOT 2731 Sync release AR Synchronism from ext sync check IOT 2781 AR off AR Auto reclose is switched off CG OT 2782 AR on AR Auto reclose is switched on OT 2783 AR inoperativ AR Auto reclose is blocked CG OT 2784 AR not ready AR Auto reclose is not re...

Page 289: ...reater than limit CG OT 2951 Sync release Synchronism release to ext AR OT 2961 Sync CloseCmd Close command from synchro check OT 3603 Dist block Block distance protection IOT 3611 Extens Z1B Dist Zone 1B extension from external CG IOT 3612 Extens Z1L Dist Zone 1L extension from external CG IOT 3651 Dist off Distance protection is switched off CG OT 3652 Dist blocked Distance protection is blocked...

Page 290: ...le in zone Z1B T1B OT 3814 Dis TripZ1B3p Dist Trip 3pole in zone Z1B T1B OT 3815 Dis Trip Z1L Dist Trip for fault in zone Z1L T1L OT 3816 Dis TripZ2 1p Dist Trip 1pole in zone Z2 T2 OT 3817 Dis TripZ2 3p Dist Trip 3pole in zone Z2 T2 OT 3818 Dis TripZ3 T3 Dist Trip for fault in zone Z3 T3 OT 3819 Dis Trip FD Dist Trip by fault detection direct OT 3820 Dis Trip Dist Trip by fault detec non direct O...

Page 291: ...C OT 4436 Ext Trip woAR Ext trip via binary input Without AR C OT 6206 User T1Start Start of user defined timer T1 CG CG IOT 6207 User T1Reset Reset of user defined timer T1 C C IOT 6208 User T2Start Start of user defined timer T2 CG CG IOT 6209 User T2Reset Reset of user defined timer T2 C C IOT 6254 User output 1 Output signal of user defined timer T1 CG C OT 6255 User output 2 Output signal of ...

Page 292: ...urrent min 10 A max 5000 1109 Ux CONNECT Ux voltage transformer connection NOT CONNECTED Not connected Udelta TRANSFORM Udelta transformer U2 TRANSFORMER U2 transformer 1110 Uph Udelta Matching factor Uph Udelta sec earth voltage min 0 10 max 9 99 1111 Ie CT Ie current transformer PROTECTED LINE Protected line PARALLEL LINE Parallel line 1112 Ie Iph Matching factor Ie Iph for earth current min 0 1...

Page 293: ...se angle between U1 and U2 min 179 Ý max 180 1133 T CB CLOSE Closing operating time of circuit breaker min 0 01 s max 0 50 1135 T CLOSE Maximum close command duration min 0 01 s max 32 00 1136 3 P COUPL 3 pole coupling WITH FAULT DETEC With fault detection WITH TRIP COMM With trip command 1137 TRIP2phFLT Trip type with 2phase faults THREE POLE Three pole 1 POLE LEADING 1 pole leading 1 POLE LAGGIN...

Page 294: ...T Z1B non directional FD EFFECTIVE Fault detection Z1 EFFECTIVE Z1 effective 1216 RAR Z1B Distance zone Z1B effective before 1st RAR YES yes NO no 1217 DAR BLOCK Effective zone if DAR is blocked Z1 T1 Z1 T1 Z1 T1B Z1 T1B 1218 DAR Z1L Distance zone Z1L effective before DAR YES yes NO no 1221 BLK AR Z1B Autoreclosure is blocked for Z1B faults NO no WITHIN Within OUTSIDE Outside 1222 BLK AR Z1L Autor...

Page 295: ... DIREC Z2 Zone 2 Direction FORWARDS Forwards REVERSE Reverse NON DIRECTIONAL Non directional 1315 T2 1PHASE Zone 2 Delay for single phase faults T2 1PH min 0 00 s max 32 00 Ñ 1316 T2 1PHASE Zone 2 Delay for multi phase faults T2 min 0 00 s max 32 00 Ñ 1317 TRIP 1P Z2 Single pole trip for faults in Z2 NO no YES yes 1321 R3 Zone 3 Resistance phase phase R3 min 0 05 Ï max 65 00 1322 X3 Zone 3 Reactan...

Page 296: ... s max 32 00 Ñ 1411 R1L Zone 1L Resistance phase phase R1L min 0 05 Ï max 65 00 1412 X1L Zone 1L Reactance reach X1L min 0 05 Ï max 130 00 1413 R1LE Zone 1L Resistance phase earth R1LE min 0 05 Ï max 130 00 1414 DIREC Z1L Zone 1L Direction FORWARDS Forwards REVERSE Reverse NON DIRECTIONAL Non directional 1415 T1L Zone 1L Delay for all faults T1L min 0 00 s max 32 00 Ñ 1500 DIST PROT FAULT DETEC PR...

Page 297: ...15 Uphph I Undervoltage pick up at I phase phase min 40 V max 130 1621 Iph Minimum current for fault detection Iph min 0 10 I In max 4 00 1622 X A Fault detection forward reach X A min 0 10 Ï max 200 00 1623 X A Fault detection reverse reach X A min 0 10 Ï max 200 00 1624 RA1 Fault det resistance ph ph phi PHI A RA1 min 0 10 Ï max 200 00 1625 RA2 Fault det resistance ph ph phi PHI A RA2 min 0 10 Ï...

Page 298: ...EARTH Phase earth PHASE PHASE Phase phase 1800 FAULT NON EARTHED NET 1801 TIe 1PHASE Delay time for single phase flt det TIe 1PH min 0 00 s max 0 50 Ñ 1802 Ue Displacement voltage for earth fault det Ue min 10 V max 100 1803 PHASE PREF Phase preference for double earth faults L3 L1 ACYCLIC L3 L1 acyclic L1 L3 ACYCLIC L1 L3 acyclic L2 L1 ACYCLIC L2 L1 acyclic L1 L2 ACYCLIC L1 L2 acyclic L3 L2 ACYCL...

Page 299: ...min 0 00 s max 32 00 2106 T SEND DEL Send signal delay for PUTT min 0 00 s max 32 00 2200 TELEPROTEC PERM OVERREACH 2201 POTT Permissive overreach transfer trip ON on OFF off 2202 POTT MODE Permissive overreach transfer trip mode Z1B RELEASE Z1B release FD DIREC RELEASE Direct comparison Z1B UNBLOCK Unblocking with Z1B FD UNBLOCK Unblocking with FD Z1B BLOCKING Blocking with Z1B PILOT WIRE COMP Co...

Page 300: ... blocking time min 0 01 s max 32 00 2300 USER LOGIC FUNCTIONS 2302 T PICKUP 1 1st user logic function Pick up time min 0 00 s max 32 00 Ñ 2303 T DROP 1 1st user logic function Drop off time min 0 00 s max 32 00 Ñ 2305 T PICKUP 2 2nd user logic function Pick up time min 0 00 s max 32 00 Ñ 2306 T DROP 2 2nd user logic function Drop off time min 0 00 s max 32 00 Ñ 2600 EMERGENCY OVERCURRENT PROT 2601...

Page 301: ... time for IE TIE min 0 00 s max 32 00 Ñ 2651 M CLOSE E Earth overcurrent stage effect Manual close IE UNDELAYED Ie undelayed INEFFECTIVE Ineffective 2700 THERMAL OVERLOAD PROT 2701 THERMAL OL State of thermal overload protection ALARM ONLY Alarm only ON on OFF off 2702 K FACTOR K factor for thermal overload protection min 0 10 max 4 00 2703 T CONSTANT Time constant for thermal overload protection ...

Page 302: ...for current summation monitoring min 0 00 max 0 95 2907 UMEAS U Threshold for voltage failure monitor min 10 V max 125 2908 UMEAS I Minimum current for voltage failure monitor min 0 06 I In max 1 00 2910 FUSE FAIL Fuse failure monitoring FFM ON on OFF off 2911 FFM 3 Uo Displacement voltage level for FFM min 10 V max 100 2912 FFM Ie Earth current for fuse failure monitoring min 0 10 I In max 1 00 3...

Page 303: ...F Duration of displacement voltage for E F det min 0 0 s max 320 0 3100 EARTHFAULT DIREC NON DIREC 3101 E F D T Earth fault definite time protection ON on OFF off 3103 Ie Pick up value for earth current detection min 0 10 I In max 4 00 3104 Ue Minimum voltage for directional determination min 1 0 V max 10 0 3106 T DIRECT Delay time for directional trip min 0 00 s max 32 00 Ñ 3107 DIRECTION Directi...

Page 304: ... OFF off 3211 T ECHO DEL Echo delay time min 0 01 s max 32 00 Ñ 3212 T ECHO IMP Duration of echo impulse min 0 02 s max 32 00 3213 T ECHO BLO Echo blocking time min 0 01 s max 32 00 3300 EARTHFAULT NON DIRECTIONAL 3301 E F I T Non directional inverse time E F protection ON on OFF off 3302 E F CHARAC Trip time characteristic NORMAL INVERSE Normal inverse VERY INVERSE Very inverse EXTREMELY INVERS E...

Page 305: ...ady interrogation before reclosing CB NEVER CB never CB WITH EACH AR CB with each AR CB WITH 2nd AR CB with 2nd AR 3415 T CB SUPV Circuit breaker supervision time min 0 01 s max 320 00 3419 SYN REQUST AR request for synchro check BEFORE 3POLE AR Before 3pole AR ONLY BEFORE DAR Only before DAR BEFORE 2nd DAR Before second DAR NEVER Never 3422 RAR PROG Rapid auto reclose program THREE POLE Three pol...

Page 306: ... is blocked during 1p dead time YES yes NO no 3442 DAR PROG Delayed auto reclose program NO DAR No DAR DAR WITHOUT RAR DAR without RAR DAR AFTER RAR DAR only after RAR 3443 DAR No 1PH Number of DAR shots after 1 pole initiation min 0 max 9 3444 DAR No 3PH Number of DAR shots after 3 pole initiation min 0 max 9 3445 DAR T ACT Delayed auto reclose action time min 0 01 s max 320 00 Ñ 3446 DAR T3POL1 ...

Page 307: ...0 Ñ 3515 SYNCHR Synchronism check before AR U1 U2 YES yes NO no 3516 U1 U2 Live line dead bus check before AR U1 U2 NO no YES yes 3517 U1 U2 Dead line live bus check before AR U1 U2 NO no YES yes 3518 U1 U2 Dead line dead bus check before AR U1 U2 NO no YES yes 3519 OVERRIDE Override of any check before AR NO no YES yes 3521 SYN MAN CL Synchro check with manual close ON on OFF off 3522 MC Df SYNC ...

Page 308: ...erride of any check before MC NO no YES yes 3530 T SYN SUPV Synchro check supervision time min 0 01 s max 320 00 3531 T IN SYNC Synchronism criteria maintained timer min 0 00 s max 32 00 3800 FAULT LOCATION 3802 START Start condition for fault locator DROP OFF or TRIP Drop off or trip TRIP COMMAND Trip command 3805 PARAL LINE Parallel line compensation NO no YES yes ...

Page 309: ...3 4211 DIREC TEST Direction test L3 L1 4212 IMPEDANCES Impedance test L3 L1 4300 CB TEST TRIP CLOSE CYCLE 4301 CB TEST Circuit breaker test with AR 1pole L1 4302 CB TEST Circuit breaker test with AR 1pole L2 4303 CB TEST Circuit breaker test with AR 1pole L3 4304 CB TEST Circuit breaker test with AR 3pole 4305 CB TEST Circuit breaker test with AR sequence L1 L2 L3 4400 CB TEST LIVE TRIP 4401 CB TR...

Page 310: ... 5606 TripNo L3 Number of trip commands Phase L3 5607 ÉIL1 In Summated current tripped IL1 In 5608 ÉIL2 In Summated current tripped IL2 In 5609 ÉIL3 In Summated current tripped IL3 In 5700 OPERATIONAL MEASURED VALUES 5701 IL1 Current in phase IL1 5702 IL2 Current in phase IL2 5703 IL3 Current in phase IL3 5704 UL1E Voltage UL1E 5705 UL2E Voltage UL2E 5706 UL3E Voltage UL3E 5707 UL12 Voltage UL12 5...

Page 311: ...SOL E F MEASURED VALUES 5801 Iea Iea 5802 Ier Ier 5803 Iea mA Iea mA 5804 Ier mA Ier mA 5900 OVERLOAD MEASURED VALUES 5901 Î ÎtripL1 Temperature rise for phase L1 5902 Î ÎtripL2 Temperature rise for phase L2 5903 Î ÎtripL3 Temperature rise for phase L3 5904 Î Îtrip Temperat rise for warning and trip ...

Page 312: ...511 6000 MARSHALLING 6100 MARSHALLING BINARY INPUTS 6101 BINARY INPUT 1 Binary input 1 6102 BINARY INPUT 2 Binary input 2 6103 BINARY INPUT 3 Binary input 3 6104 BINARY INPUT 4 Binary input 4 6105 BINARY INPUT 5 Binary input 5 6106 BINARY INPUT 6 Binary input 6 ...

Page 313: ... 7 6108 BINARY INPUT 8 Binary input 8 6109 BINARY INPUT 9 Binary input 9 6110 BINARY INPUT 10 Binary input 10 6200 MARSHALLING SIGNAL RELAYS 6201 SIGNAL RELAY 1 Signal relay 1 6202 SIGNAL RELAY 2 Signal relay 2 6203 SIGNAL RELAY 3 Signal relay 3 ...

Page 314: ...Y 4 Signal relay 4 6205 SIGNAL RELAY 5 Signal relay 5 6206 SIGNAL RELAY 6 Signal relay 6 6207 SIGNAL RELAY 7 Signal relay 7 6208 SIGNAL RELAY 8 Signal relay 8 6209 SIGNAL RELAY 9 Signal relay 9 6210 SIGNAL RELAY 10 Signal relay 10 ...

Page 315: ... SSHQGL 6 9 6211 SIGNAL RELAY 11 Signal relay 11 6300 MARSHALLING LED INDICATORS 6301 LED 1 LED 1 6302 LED 2 LED 2 6303 LED 3 LED 3 6304 LED 4 LED 4 6305 LED 5 LED 5 6306 LED 6 LED 6 ...

Page 316: ... SSHQGL 6 9 6307 LED 7 LED 7 6308 LED 8 LED 8 6309 LED 9 LED 9 6310 LED 10 LED 10 6311 LED 11 LED 11 6312 LED 12 LED 12 6313 LED 13 LED 13 ...

Page 317: ...14 LED 14 6400 MARSHALLING TRIP RELAYS 6401 TRIP RELAY 1 Trip relay 1 6402 TRIP RELAY 2 Trip relay 2 6403 TRIP RELAY 3 Trip relay 3 6404 TRIP RELAY 4 Trip relay 4 6405 TRIP RELAY 5 Trip relay 5 7000 OP SYSTEM CONFIGURATION ...

Page 318: ...0 FAULT INDIC Fault indication LED and LCD WITH FAULT DETEC With fault detection WITH TRIP COMM With trip command 7200 PC SYSTEM INTERFACES 7201 DEVICE ADD Device address min 1 max 254 7202 FEEDER ADD Feeder address min 1 max 254 7203 SUBST ADD Substation address min 1 max 254 7208 FUNCT TYPE Function type in accordance with VDEW ZVEI min 1 max 254 7209 DEVICE TYPE Device type min 1 max 254 7211 P...

Page 319: ...0 s max 5 0 7225 SYS BAUDR Transmission baud rate for system interface 9600 BAUD 9600 Baud 19200 BAUD 19200 Baud 1200 BAUD 1200 Baud 2400 BAUD 2400 Baud 4800 BAUD 4800 Baud 7226 SYS PARITY Parity and stop bits for system interface VDEW DIGSIV3 LSA VDEW DIGSI V3 LSA NO 2 STOP No parity 2 stopbits NO 1 STOP No parity 1 stopbit 7227 SYS SWITCH Online switch VDEW DIGSI enabled NO no YES yes 7235 SYS P...

Page 320: ... EXIST Existent NON EXIST Non existent 7813 DIST F DET Distance protection Fault detection program OVERCURRENT Overcurrent FD IMPEDANCE ZONE Impedance zone FD U I FAULT DET U I fault detection 7820 POWER SWING Power swing detection NON EXIST Non existent EXIST Existent 7821 TELEPROTEC Teleprotection for distance protection NON EXIST Non existent UNDERREACH Underreach OVERREACH Overreach 7823 USER ...

Page 321: ...EXIST Existent 7899 FREQUENCY Rated system frequency fN 50 Hz fN 50 Hz fN 60 Hz fN 60 Hz 7900 DEVICE CONFIGURATION 7910 CB TEST BI CB test via binary input program TRIP CLOSE 3POLE Trip close 3pole SEQU L1 L2 L3 Sequence L1 L2 L3 THREE POLE TRIP Three pole trip 7912 AR w DIST Auto reclose with distance protection YES yes NO no 7921 AR w o TELE Auto reclose when teleprotect is not operativ YES yes ...

Page 322: ...tion counters 8205 RESET Reset of the total of interrupted currents 8206 RESET Reset of earth fault report buffer 8300 SYS VDEW ANNUNC MEAS VAL 8301 SYS TEST Testing via system interface OFF off ON on 8302 SYS BLOCK Blocking of monitoring direction via sys int OFF off ON on 8500 PARAMETER CHANGE OVER 8501 ACTIV PARAM Actual active parameter set 8503 ACTIVATING Activation of parameter set SET A Set...

Page 323: ...to set D 8517 COPY Copy parameter set B to set A 8518 COPY Copy parameter set B to set C 8519 COPY Copy parameter set B to set D 8520 COPY Copy parameter set C to set A 8521 COPY Copy parameter set C to set B 8522 COPY Copy parameter set C to set D 8523 COPY Copy parameter set D to set A 8524 COPY Copy parameter set D to set B 8525 COPY Copy parameter set D to set C 9800 OPERATING SYSTEM CONTROL 9...

Page 324: ... 6 9 ...

Page 325: ...BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB GGUHVV BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB 7HOHSKRQH QR BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB HDU UHDGHU SULQWLQJ HUURUV FDQ QHYHU EH HQWLUHO HOLPLQDWHG WKHUHIRUH VKRXOG RX FRPH DFURVV DQ ZKHQ UHDGLQJ WKLV PDQXDO NLQGO HQWHU WKHP LQ WKLV IRUP WRJHWKHU ZLWK DQ FRPPHQWV RU VXJ JHVWLRQV IRU LPSURYHPHQW WKDW RX PD KDYH RUUHFWLRQV 6XJJHVWLRQV ...

Page 326: ...WHQWV WKHUHRI DUH IRUELGGHQ ZLWK RXW H SUHVV DXWKRULW 2IIHQGHUV DUH OLDEOH WR WKH SD PHQW RI GDPDJHV OO ULJKWV DUH UHVHUYHG LQ WKH HYHQW RI WKH JUDQW RI D SDWHQW RU WKH UHJLVWUDWLRQ RI D XWLOLW PRGHO RU GHVLJQ 6XEMHFW WR WHFKQLFDO DOWHUDWLRQ 6LHPHQV NWLHQJHVHOOVFKDIW 6XEVWDQWLDO DOWHUDWLRQV DJDLQVW SUHYLRXV LVVXH OWHUDWLRQV LQ 73 SODWIRUP FKDUDFWHU IRQWV DQG OD RXW ...

Reviews:

No comments

Related manuals for SIPROTEC 7SA511

GE Masoneilan 469 Series Communications Manual preview
Masoneilan 469 Series
Brand: GE Pages: 150
LOVATO ELECTRIC PMA30 Quick Start Manual preview
PMA30
Brand: LOVATO ELECTRIC Pages: 6
ASO Safety Solutions 1206-0061 Operating Manual preview
1206-0061
Brand: ASO Safety Solutions Pages: 32
Atlas Zone Page Powered Relay-Pack PSR-206 Specification Sheet preview
Zone Page Powered Relay-Pack PSR-206
Brand: Atlas Pages: 2
ABB REC650 ANSI Product Manual preview
REC650 ANSI
Brand: ABB Pages: 82
Danfoss Link BR Installation Manual preview
Link BR
Brand: Danfoss Pages: 76
IDEC SmartRelay FL1A-B10RCA Manual preview
SmartRelay FL1A-B10RCA
Brand: IDEC Pages: 209
Woodward XRI1-ER Manual preview
XRI1-ER
Brand: Woodward Pages: 42
Veris Industries Hawkey 739 Installation Manual preview
Hawkey 739
Brand: Veris Industries Pages: 2
Measurement Computing PCI-PDISO8 User Manual preview
PCI-PDISO8
Brand: Measurement Computing Pages: 18
Measurement Computing USB-ERB24 User Manual preview
USB-ERB24
Brand: Measurement Computing Pages: 20
Littelfuse POWR-GARD PGR-4704 Manual preview
POWR-GARD PGR-4704
Brand: Littelfuse Pages: 14
ELBRO SMSB 2 Series Quick Reference preview
SMSB 2 Series
Brand: ELBRO Pages: 2
Dossena RECA/E8 Instructions preview
RECA/E8
Brand: Dossena Pages: 4
Dossena DER3B-MED Series Instructions preview
DER3B-MED Series
Brand: Dossena Pages: 4
Dossena SRI3/H2 Quick Start Manual preview
SRI3/H2
Brand: Dossena Pages: 5
Dossena SRI3/I2 Quick Start Manual preview
SRI3/I2
Brand: Dossena Pages: 8

Brands by name

Popular brands

Load more brands