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Red Hat NETWORK 3.6 -, Reference Manual

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Glossary

R

Registered System

A system that is registered with Red Hat Network. Also known as a client system.

Red Hat Network Daemon

The RHN client daemon (

rhnsd

) that periodically polls Red Hat Network for scheduled actions.

Red Hat Network Registration Client

The RHN client application (

rhn_register

) that collects information about the client system,

creates a

System Profile

and

Digital Certificate

, establishes a connection with the Red Hat

Network servers, and registers the system with Red Hat Network.

Red Hat Update Agent

The RHN client application (

up2date

) that allows users to retrieve and install all updated pack-

ages for the client system on which the application is run. Use the

Red Hat Update Agent

Configuration Tool

to configure its preferences, including whether to install the packages after

they are downloaded.

RPM

A software package manager that was developed by Red Hat. It can be used to build, install,

query, verify, update, and uninstall software packages. All software updates from RHN are de-

livered in RPM format.

RPM Database

Each Red Hat Enterprise Linux system has an RPM database that stores information about all

the RPM packages installed on the system. This information includes the version of the package,

which files were installed with the package, a brief description of the package, the installation

date, and more.

RPM Update

Red Hat Network option to deliver the RPM packages based on the

Errata Alert

list to a client

system without user intervention. If this feature is selected, packages are delivered through the

Red Hat Network Daemon

running on the client system.

S

Security Alert

An

Errata Alert

that pertains to system security.

Summary of Contents for NETWORK 3.6 -

Page 1: ...Red Hat Network 3 6 Reference Guide ...

Page 2: ...e at http www opencontent org openpub Distribution of substantively modified versions of this document is prohibited without the explicit permission of the copyright holder Distribution of the work or derivative of the work in any standard paper book form for commercial purposes is prohibited unless prior permission is obtained from the copyright holder Red Hat and the Red Hat Shadow Man logo are ...

Page 3: ...Finished 25 2 3 5 Command Line Version 26 2 4 Configuration 30 2 4 1 Using the Red Hat Update Agent Configuration Tool 30 2 4 2 Command Line Version 33 2 5 Registering with Activation Keys 34 3 Red Hat Network Daemon 37 3 1 Configuring 37 3 2 Viewing Status 37 3 3 Disabling 37 3 4 Troubleshooting 37 4 Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool 39 4 1 Configuring the Applet 39 4 2 Notification Icons 4...

Page 4: ...4 6 4 6 Advanced Search 85 6 4 7 Activation Keys 85 6 4 8 Stored Profiles 87 6 4 9 Custom System Info 87 6 4 10 Kickstart 87 6 5 Errata 94 6 5 1 Relevant Errata 94 6 5 2 All Errata 95 6 5 3 Advanced Search 97 6 6 Channels 97 6 6 1 Software Channels 97 6 6 2 Channel Entitlements 100 6 6 3 Easy ISOs 100 6 6 4 Package Search 101 6 6 5 Software Packages 101 6 6 6 Manage Config Channels 103 6 7 Schedul...

Page 5: ...2 12 Updating a File in a Channel 124 A 2 13 Uploading Multiple Files at Once 125 B RHN API Access 127 B 1 Using the auth Class and Getting the Session 127 B 2 Obtaining the system_id 127 B 3 Determining the sid 127 B 4 Viewing the cid 127 B 5 Getting the sgid 128 B 6 Sample API Script 128 C Probes 131 C 1 Probe guidelines 131 C 2 Apache 1 3 x and 2 0 x 131 C 2 1 Apache Processes 132 C 2 2 Apache ...

Page 6: ...ing 156 C 8 8 Network Services RPCService 157 C 8 9 Network Services Secure Web Server HTTPS 157 C 8 10 Network Services SSH 158 C 8 11 Network Services Web Server HTTP 158 C 9 Oracle 8i and 9i 159 C 9 1 Oracle Active Sessions 159 C 9 2 Oracle Availability 160 C 9 3 Oracle Blocking Sessions 160 C 9 4 Oracle Buffer Cache 161 C 9 5 Oracle Client Connectivity 161 C 9 6 Oracle Data Dictionary Cache 16...

Page 7: ...te Server Processes 171 C 10 10 RHN Satellite Server Process Health 171 C 10 11 RHN Satellite Server Process Running 172 C 10 12 RHN Satellite Server Swap 173 C 10 13 RHN Satellite Server Users 173 Glossary 175 Index 181 ...

Page 8: ......

Page 9: ...eed to use the separate Red Hat Network Registration Client before starting the Red Hat Update Agent Refer to Chapter 5 Red Hat Network Registration Client for instructions Systems running Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 can go directly to the Red Hat Update Agent which has registration functionality built in Refer to Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent for instructions For an overview of Red Hat Network of...

Page 10: ...g used to identify a particular GUI screen or an element on a GUI screen such as text associated with a checkbox or field Example Select the Require Password checkbox if you would like your screensaver to require a password before stopping top level of a menu on a GUI screen or window A word in this style indicates that the word is the top level of a pulldown menu If you click on the word on the G...

Page 11: ...es which is meant to be replaced with data provided by the user is displayed in this style In the following example version number is displayed in this style The directory for the kernel source is usr src version number where version number is the version of the kernel installed on this system Additionally we use several different strategies to draw your attention to certain pieces of information ...

Page 12: ... available within the Help section of the RHN website and at http www redhat com docs Note Although this manual reflects the most current information possible read the RHN Release Notes for information that may not have been available prior to our documentation being finalized The notes can be found on the RHN website and at http www redhat com docs 2 1 Send in Your Feedback If you would like to m...

Page 13: ...ux 2 1 only The Red Hat Update Agent up2date provides your initial connection to Red Hat Network Once registered it enables channel subscription package installs and management of System Profiles Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 and newer systems will even use the Red Hat Update Agent to register with RHN See Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent for further information Although both the RHN website and the Re...

Page 14: ...eep updated Subscription to Update can be purchased at http rhn redhat com purchase_info pxt With each Update subscription you receive the essential functionality provided to Demo users plus Easy ISOs For customers who have purchased subscriptions to Red Hat Network ISO images are available for immediate download Beat the rush to the FTP servers by downloading directly from Red Hat Network Priorit...

Page 15: ... instead of single systems Work with members of a predefined system group or work with an ad hoc collection of systems Install a single software package to each subscribe the systems to a new channel or apply all Errata to them with a single action Batch Processing Figuring out a list of outdated packages for a thousand systems would take days for a dedicated sysadmin Red Hat Network Management se...

Page 16: ...TICAL states can be sent to email and pager addresses with contact methods identified by you Each probe notification can be sent to a different method or address Central Status The results of all probes are summarized in a single Probe Status page with the systems affected broken down by state Reporting By selecting a probe and identifying the particular metric and a range of time you can generate...

Page 17: ... while Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 users will need the Red Hat Network Registration Client Warning The SSL certificate packaged with older versions of the Red Hat Update Agent and the Red Hat Network Registration Client reached its end of life August 28 2003 Users attempting to connect using this certificate will receive SSL connection or certificate verification errors You may view and obtain th...

Page 18: ... gnome Provides the GNOME interface graphical version for the Red Hat Network Registration Client runs if the X Window System is available up2date Provides the Red Hat Update Agent command line version and the Red Hat Network Daemon up2date gnome Provides the GNOME interface graphical version for the Red Hat Update Agent runs if the X Window System is available Table 1 1 Red Hat Network Packages ...

Page 19: ...tant You must use Red Hat Update Agent Version 2 5 4 or higher to upgrade your kernel automatically It will install the updated kernel and configure LILO or GRUB to boot the new kernel the next time the system is rebooted To ensure you are running the latest version execute the command up2date up2date If you do not have the latest version installed this command will update it 2 1 Starting the Red ...

Page 20: ...fault location is var spool up2date This option is useful if you do not have enough space in the configured location justdb Only add packages to the database and do not install them dbpath dir Specify an alternate RPM database to use temporarily Table 2 1 Graphical Update Agent Options The first time you run the Red Hat Update Agent two dialog boxes will appear that you will not see in subsequent ...

Page 21: ... this message again Figure 2 2 Install GPG Key 2 2 Registration Before you begin using Red Hat Network you need to create a username password and System Profile Upon launch the Red Hat Update Agent senses whether these tasks have been accomplished If not it guides you through the registration process If you ever need to force the Red Hat Update Agent into registration mode say to re register an ex...

Page 22: ...then register your systems using that activation key and find those System Profiles within RHN immediately Refer to Section 2 5 Registering with Activation Keys for instructions After installing the Red Hat GPG key the screen in Figure 2 3 will appear It appears every time you start the Red Hat Update Agent Click Forward to continue Figure 2 3 Welcome Screen After clicking through the Welcome Scre...

Page 23: ... shown in Figure 2 5 choose a username and password Once logged in to Red Hat Network you can modify your preferences view your existing System Profile or obtain the latest Red Hat software packages Note If you are already a member of redhat com you can and should use the same username and pass word However you will still need to continue with the registration process to create your System Profile...

Page 24: ...eds Figure 2 5 Create a User Account You must choose a unique username If you enter one already in use you will see an error message see Figure 2 6 Try different usernames until you find one that has not been used Warning Be sure to identify a username that you will be satisfied with permanently as this cannot be changed after account creation ...

Page 25: ...ter your existing Red Hat Network username and password The new machine will be added to your existing account and you can log into Red Hat Network with your username and password to view all your systems simultaneously In the Create Account screen click Forward to continue If you are a new user to RHN the Red Hat Update Agent takes you to the screen shown in Figure 2 7 Here you will add details a...

Page 26: ...ardware and software information about your Red Hat Enterprise Linux system The System Profile information is used by Red Hat Network to determine what software update notifications you receive 2 2 2 1 Hardware System Profile After creating a username and password for your Red Hat Network account the Red Hat Update Agent probes your system for the following information Red Hat Linux version Hostna...

Page 27: ...e information about hardware and network see Figure 2 8 Figure 2 8 System Profile Hardware Click Forward to continue with the registration process 2 2 2 2 Software System Profile The software System Profile consists of a list of RPM packages for which you wish to receive notifi cations The Red Hat Update Agent shows you a list of all RPM packages listed in the RPM database on your system and then ...

Page 28: ...or by using the Red Hat Update Agent Figure 2 9 shows the progress bar you will see while the Red Hat Update Agent gathers a list of the RPM packages installed on your system This operation may take some time depending on your system installation Figure 2 9 Registration Wizard Once the RPM package list is built the list will be displayed as shown in Figure 2 10 Deselecting Include RPM Packages ins...

Page 29: ...that the Canna devel and Canna libs packages have been omitted from the package list Choose which packages to exclude if any from the System Profile and click Forward to continue with the registration process Figure 2 11 Choose which RPM Packages to Exclude from System Profile 2 2 2 3 Finishing Registration As seen in Figure 2 12 the last step of registration is to confirm that you want to send yo...

Page 30: ...d Hat Network You will know your System Profile has been successfully sent when you see the Channels screen Figure 2 14 appear Refer to Section 2 3 1 Choosing a Software Channel for continued instructions 2 3 Setup and Use After completing the registration process you should set up the Red Hat Update Agent to effectively manage all of your system s package updates This requires selecting its chann...

Page 31: ...file the Channels screen Figure 2 14 appears Select the appropriate base channel and click Forward to continue The Red Hat Update Agent offers only the channels enabled for the system in RHN or your RHN Satellite Server Refer to Section 6 6 Channels for more information on channels and how channels are used to determine which packages are installed Figure 2 14 Channels 2 3 2 Choosing Packages to U...

Page 32: ...kages available for your system the dialog box in Figure 2 16 appears Click OK to exit the Red Hat Update Agent Figure 2 16 No new packages needed If you excluded any packages while registering your System Profile these are displayed in Figure 2 17 You may override these settings and include any of these packages in the update by selecting the checkboxes next to them To see a summary of each packa...

Page 33: ...you want to view the advisory for the RPM Alert click the View Advisory button This will display what type of Errata Alert it is and what problem s it addresses as shown in Figure 2 18 Click OK to close the advisory Click Finished when you are finished selecting packages to include ...

Page 34: ...t Update Agent Figure 2 18 View Advisory The Available Package Updates screen is the next to appear If your system is not up to date your customized list of available updated packages is displayed as shown in Figure 2 19 ...

Page 35: ...tests for RPM dependencies and prompts you if you have chosen to omit packages that are required for software updates that you did choose The dialog box in Figure 2 20 is shown while it is testing for dependencies This process might take some time depending upon how many packages are updating Figure 2 20 Testing Packages After testing is complete package retrieval begins The progress of each packa...

Page 36: ...o have the packages installed via the Red Hat Update Agent skip to Section 2 3 5 2 Manual Package Installation for further instructions If you configured it to install the packages the default setting the selected packages are installed The progress of installing each package as well as the total progress is displayed When the packages have been installed as seen in Figure 2 22 click Forward to co...

Page 37: ...ation Finished 2 3 4 Update Agent Finished When the Red Hat Update Agent has finished downloading the desired packages and installing them if you chose the install option you will see the screen in Figure 2 23 Click Finish to exit the Red Hat Update Agent ...

Page 38: ...wing command up2date nox The command line version of the Red Hat Update Agent allows you to perform advanced functions or to perform actions with little or no interaction For example the following command updates your system with no interaction It will download the newer packages and install them if you configured it to install them up2date u The command line version of the Red Hat Update Agent ac...

Page 39: ...ncies get source Fetch the source package specified without resolving dependencies gpg flags Show the flags GPG will be invoked with such as the keyring hardware Update this system s hardware profile on RHN i install Install packages after they are downloaded This argument temporarily overrides the configuration option Do not install packages after retrieval installall Install all available packag...

Page 40: ... This option is useful if you do not have enough space in the configured location undo Reverse the last package set update u update Update system with all relevant packages upgrade to release release version Upgrade to the channel specified uuid uuid Pass in a Unique User ID generated by the Alert Notification tool v verbose Show additional output while updating version Show up2date version inform...

Page 41: ...OdeXJDdb4LcbEhErFU3CpRCjZ6AOnFuiV1MGdulZXvEUgBA I6 PDE5nBHfZY3zPjyLPZVtgYioJpZqcRIx g bX2O8kPqvJEuZ19tLCdykfZGpy bsV7QdSGqBk3snNOizmFj543RaHyEbnwKWbNADhujWMeUAxN 7Q8UmVkIEhhdCwg SW5jLiAoU2VjdXJpdHkgUmVzcG9uc2UgVGVhbSkgPHNlY2FsZXJ0QHJlZGhhdC5j b20 iFcEExECABcFAj3GczYFCwcKAwQDFQMCAxYCAQIXgAAKCRBeVICDZQ1YghAU AJoCeQfuMR2dKyLft 10O6qUs MNLQCggJgdO8MUO2y11TWID3XOYgyQG 2InAQT AQIABgUCPtyYpQAKCRDurUz9SaV...

Page 42: ... RPM packages yourself your System Profile will not be updated automatically You will need to send your updated System Profile to the RHN Servers To synchronize the RPM package list on your local system and on Red Hat Network run the com mand up2date p After running this command your RHN System Profile will reflect the latest software versions in stalled on your system 2 3 5 4 Log File The Red Hat...

Page 43: ...PORT For example to use the proxy server http squid mysite org on port 3128 you would enter http squid mysite org 3128 in the text field Additionally if your proxy server requires a username and password select the Use Authentication option and enter your username and password in the respective text fields Figure 2 24 General Settings In addition RHN Proxy and Satellite customers have the option o...

Page 44: ...the default Red Hat Enterprise Linux packages Retrieve source RPM along with binary package download both the source src rpm and the binary architecture rpm files The following installation options are configurable see Figure 2 25 Use GPG to verify package integrity before installing the packages verify Red Hat s GPG signature highly recommended for security reasons After installation keep binary ...

Page 45: ...with the character string will be excluded from the list For example if the string kernel in the Package Names to Skip section the Red Hat Update Agent will not display any packages beginning with kernel To exclude packages by file name follow the same rules except click the Add button next to the File Names to Skip section Figure 2 26 Package Exceptions Settings 2 4 2 Command Line Version The com...

Page 46: ...t q to quit without saving Enter the number of the item that you want to modify and enter a new value for the option When you finish changing your configuration press Enter to save your changes and exit Press q and then Enter to quit without saving your changes Important Although this isn t configurable users should still make note that the port used by the Red Hat Update Agent is 443 for SSL HTTP...

Page 47: ...ut creating a special key for the desired results To do this specify the keys separated by commas like this rhnreg_ks activationkey 7202f3b7d218cf59b764f9f6e9fa281b 39f41081f0329c20798876f37cb9p6a3 Note The trailing backslash in this command example is a continuation character it may safely be omitted Refer to Section 6 4 7 2 Using Multiple Activation Keys at Once to understand how differences in ...

Page 48: ...ted If the child channel matches the system s base channel subscription succeeds If it does not the subscription fails silently Refer to Section 6 6 Channels for more information Keys may be modified by any user with the role of Activation Key Administrator or Organization Administrator or both These permissions are set through the Users tab of the RHN website Refer to Section 6 8 Users for detail...

Page 49: ...odify the configuration file you must as root restart the daemon with the command service rhnsd restart or etc rc d init d rhnsd restart Important The minimum time interval allowed is one hour 60 minutes If you set the interval below one hour it will default to four hours 240 minutes 3 2 Viewing Status You can view the status of the rhnsd by typing the command service rhnsd status or etc rc d init...

Page 50: ... Daemon is activated and running You may ensure this by running the follow ing commands chkconfig level 345 rhnsd on service rhnsd start If these are correct and your systems still indicate they are not checking in please contact our technical support team ...

Page 51: ...ed Hat Enterprise Linux 3 the Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool appears on the panel by default as shown in Figure 4 1 Figure 4 1 GNOME Panel with Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool If it does not appear on the panel you can add it In Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 select the Main Menu Button System Tools Red Hat Network Alert Icon To ensure the icon appears on subsequent sessions select th...

Page 52: ...ht click on the applet and select Configuration Your preferences are written to the file rhn applet conf in your home directory The Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool also uses the system wide configuration file etc sysconfig rhn rhn applet Do not modify the system wide configuration file it is automatically generated by the application You can also configure the Red Hat Network Alert Notific...

Page 53: ...ation Tool displays a list of available updates To alter your list of excluded packages click the Ignored Packages tab and make your modifications Figure 4 3 Available Updates 4 4 Applying Updates If the system is registered with RHN and entitled to a service offering you can apply the Errata Updates with the Red Hat Update Agent To launch the Red Hat Update Agent click on the applet and then clic...

Page 54: ...42 Chapter 4 Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool ...

Page 55: ...ion functionality built into the Red Hat Update Agent After registering your system refer to Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent for instructions on starting the Red Hat Update Agent and begin steps listed in Section 2 3 Setup and Use 5 1 Configuring the Red Hat Network Registration Client To start the graphical interface for configuring the application to connect through an HTTP proxy server type the ...

Page 56: ...rname password authentication for the proxy and set proxyUser and proxyPassword to the appropriate username and password for the proxy To bypass SSL in etc sysconfig rhn rhn_register change the protocol for serverURL from https to http 5 2 Starting the Red Hat Network Registration Client You must be root to register a system with RHN If you start the Red Hat Network Registration Client as a standa...

Page 57: ...ure 5 2 Use Python 1 5 2 24 or later If you have already registered your system and try to register it again the dialog box shown in Figure 5 3 will appear If you continue it will overwrite your existing Digital Certificate file etc sysconfig rhn systemid and you will create a different System Profile You will no longer be able to use your previous System Profile be sure this is what you want to d...

Page 58: ...creen Red Hat is committed to protecting your privacy see Figure 5 5 The information gathered during the Red Hat Network registration process is used to create a System Profile The System Profile is essential if you wish to receive update notifications about your system ...

Page 59: ...and a valid email address In the screen shown in Figure 5 7 you must choose a username and password Once logged in to Red Hat Network you can modify your preferences view your existing System Profile or obtain the latest Red Hat software packages You must choose a unique username If you enter one already in use you will see an error message see Figure 5 6 Try different usernames until you find one...

Page 60: ...r username and password Must be at least four characters long Are case insensitive Cannot contain any tabs Cannot contain any line feeds If you have already registered a machine and created a System Profile you can add a new machine to your account Run the Red Hat Network Registration Client on the new machine you wish to add and enter your existing Red Hat Network username and password The new ma...

Page 61: ...ystem The software System Profile information is used by Red Hat Network to determine what software update notifications you receive 5 4 1 Hardware System Profile After creating a username and password for your Red Hat Network account the Red Hat Network Registration Client probes your system for the following information Red Hat Linux version Hostname IP address CPU model CPU speed Amount of RAM ...

Page 62: ... you will only receive notifications about the packages in your System Profile Thus if you use an older version of a package and deselect it from the list it will not be replaced with a newer version This RPM list can be modified through the Red Hat Network website or by using the Red Hat Update Agent Figure 5 9 shows the progress bar you will see while the Red Hat Network Registration Client gath...

Page 63: ...included in your System Profile to be up dated by Red Hat Network To exclude a package uncheck the package from the list by clicking the checkbox beside the package name For example Figure 5 11 shows that the procmail procps and psgml packages have been omitted from the package list Choose which packages to exclude if any from the System Profile and click Next to continue with the registration pro...

Page 64: ...ude from System Profile 5 5 Finishing Registration As seen in Figure 5 12 the last step of registration is to confirm that you want to send your System Profile to the Red Hat Network If you choose Cancel at this point no information will be sent Clicking Next will submit your RHN System Profile ...

Page 65: ...ome time depending on your connection speed Figure 5 13 Send System Profile to Red Hat Network You will know your System Profile has been successfully sent when you see the Registration Fin ished screen Figure 5 14 Click Finish to exit the Red Hat Network Registration Client After completing the registration you must entitle your system to an RHN service level Refer to Section 5 6 Entitling Your S...

Page 66: ...ection from the dropdown menu under the Entitlement column beside the name of the system you just registered Only increases in entitlement levels are allowed Systems cannot be re entitled to a lower entitlement level For instance a system entitled to the Update service level can be promoted to the Management level but this action cannot be reversed Then click the Update Entitlements button at the ...

Page 67: ...ns for the text mode Red Hat Network Registration Client are almost identical to the screens for the graphical Red Hat Network Registration Client Some of the text in the text mode version is more concise due to lack of space in the interface However there is an equal number of screens and fields in both versions Thus if you are using the text mode version you can still follow the instructions tha...

Page 68: ...56 Chapter 5 Red Hat Network Registration Client ...

Page 69: ... icon does follow the associated entitlement is needed Remember that Provisioning inherits all of the functions of Management If an icon precedes a paragraph only the specific portion of the page or tab discussed afterward required the indicated entitlement level When a page or tab is associated with a particular entitlement level all of its tabs and subtabs require at least the same entitlement l...

Page 70: ...m info networking packages and location Activation Keys Generate an activation key for an RHN entitled system This activa tion key can be used to grant a specified level of entitlement or group membership to a newly registered system with the rhnreg_ks command Stored Profiles View system profiles used to provision systems Custom System Info Create and edit system information keys containing comple...

Page 71: ...tion 6 5 2 2 Errata Details for more information 6 1 4 Quick Search In addition to the Advanced Search functionality offered within some categories the RHN website also offers a Quick Search tool near the top of each page To use it select the item type such as pack ages and type a keyword that will be used to look for a name match Then click the Search button Your results will appear at the bottom...

Page 72: ... system yet or do not have a redhat com account create a new account by clicking Create Account After creating a new user account you must register your system before using RHN Refer to Chapter 2 Red Hat Update Agent for step by step instructions After registering your system with Red Hat Network go back to http rhn redhat com and complete the username and password fields with the same information...

Page 73: ...e Systems pages The System Summary section of Your RHN page provides the following information Total Systems Number of total systems that you have registered for your organization Out of Date Systems Number of registered systems that have applicable Errata Alerts that have not been applied Unentitled Systems Number of systems that are not entitled Ungrouped Systems Each system may be a member of o...

Page 74: ...priate text fields and click the Update button in the bottom right hand corner Remember if you change your Red Hat Network password the one used to log into RHN and red hat com you will not see your new one as you type it for security reasons Also for security your password is represented by 12 asterisks no matter how many characters it actually contains Replace the asterisks in the Password and P...

Page 75: ...r of items that will appear in a list on a single page If more items are in the list clicking the Next button will display the next group of items This preference applies to system lists Errata lists package lists and so on Time Zone Set your time zone so that scheduled actions are scheduled according to the time in your time zone Red Hat Contact Options Identify what ways email phone fax or mail ...

Page 76: ...s have access to the FAQ Customer Service email address and rhn users mailing list Logged in Demo customers have access to the above as well as an online form that can be submitted to rhn feedback or the Customer Service address Logged in paid users have access to all of the above In addition the online form enables them to submit requests for technical support The Customer Service address handles...

Page 77: ...a certificate that is now expired 6 4 Systems If you click the Systems tab on the top navigation bar the Systems category and links appear The pages in the Systems category allow you to select systems so that you can perform actions on them and create System Profiles 6 4 1 Overview As shown in Figure 6 3 the Overview page provides a summary of your systems including their status number of associat...

Page 78: ...em Group Details for more information You can also click the Use Group button in the System Groups section of the Overview page to go directly to the System Set Manager Refer to Section 6 4 4 System Set Manager for more information 6 4 2 Systems The Systems page displays a list of all your registered systems The Systems list contains several columns of information for each system Select Update ent...

Page 79: ... contains version 2 5 4 of a package because that is the version that shipped with Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 but the system has version 2 5 2 of the package installed the newer version of the package will be in the list of updated packages for the system Important If the RHN website identifies package updates for the system yet the Red Hat Update Agent responds with Your system is fully updated...

Page 80: ...ng checkins are not taking place the RHN client on your system is not successfully reaching Red Hat Network for some reason This indicates The system is not entitled to any RHN service System Profiles that remain unentitled for 180 days 6 months are removed The system is entitled but the Red Hat Network Daemon has been disabled on the system Refer to Chapter 3 Red Hat Network Daemon for instructio...

Page 81: ...ck the Update Properties button Note that many of these properties can be set for multiple systems at once through the System Set Manager inter face Refer to Section 6 4 4 System Set Manager for details The following properties deserve additional explanation Receive Notifications of Updates Errata This setting keeps you abreast of all advisories per taining to the system Anytime an update is produ...

Page 82: ... specific activation key This allows you to create an activation key encompassing this system s ID history groups and channels You may then use this key only once with the rhnreg_ks command line utility to re register this system and regain all Red Hat Network settings Refer to Section 2 5 Registering with Activation Keys for instructions Unlike typical activation keys which are not associated wit...

Page 83: ...en scheduled a Status column exists within the Errata table Possible values are None Pending Picked Up Completed and Failed This column identifies only the latest action related to an Errata For instance if an action fails and you reschedule it this column will show the status of the Errata as Pending only with no mention of the previous fail ure Clicking a status other than None takes you to the ...

Page 84: ...hem and click the Verify Selected Packages button and then confirm this action Once finished you can view the results by selecting this action within the History subtab under Events 6 4 2 6 3 6 System Details Packages Profiles Gives you the ability to compare the packages on this system with the packages of stored profiles and other Management and Provisioning systems To make the comparison with a...

Page 85: ...umn then unsubscribing from channel bar will mean that the file from channel baz will be applicable Also if nothing is in the Overrides column for a given file path then unsubscribing from the channel providing the file will mean that the file is no longer managed though it will not remove the file from the system Verify Validate the configuration files installed on the system by comparing them to...

Page 86: ...action takes place on the system 6 4 2 6 6 1 System Details Snapshots Snapshots The default display of the Snapshots tab lists the reason dates and times for snapshots taken To revert to a previous configuration click the snapshot taken at the desired date and time and review the potential changes on the provided subtabs When satisfied with the reversion return to the Rollback subtab and click the...

Page 87: ...rt profile and click Continue Note that IP address kickstarts require ranges to be defined in kickstart profiles On the next page finish choosing from the options available Using the existing RHN profile will rely upon the system specific activation key created within the Reactivation tab to reregister the system Do not regenerate delete or use this key while a profile based kickstart is in progre...

Page 88: ...g the probe de scription takes you to its Current State page while clicking the number in the Edit probe column allows you to modify the probe s settings To add a probe to the system click the create new probe link at the top right corner of the page and complete the fields on the following page Selecting a probe command group changes the list of available probes and alters the remaining fields an...

Page 89: ... groups are added to the System Set Manager After adding groups to the System Set Manager you can use it to perform actions on them simultaneously To add an intersection of groups select them and click the Work with Intersection button To add a union of groups select them and click the Work with Union button Refer to Section 6 4 4 System Set Manager for details Status Shows which type of Errata Al...

Page 90: ... be listed only systems entitled to Management and Provisioning can be selected for addition After selecting all of the systems to be added click the Add Systems button on the bottom right hand corner of the page The new systems will then be shown on the group s Systems tab To remove systems from groups use the Groups tab of the System Details page Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 System Details for instr...

Page 91: ...he system group s users select and unselect the appropriate checkboxes and click the Update button 6 4 4 System Set Manager The System Set Manager allows you to perform many actions possible individually through the System Details page on multiple systems at once including Apply Errata updates Upgrade packages to the most recent versions available Add remove systems to from system groups Subscribe...

Page 92: ...he following subtabs 6 4 4 4 1 System Set Manager Packages Install A list of channels from which you may retrieve packages Click on the channel name and select the packages from the list Then click the Install Packages button 6 4 4 4 2 System Set Manager Packages Upgrade A list of all the packages installed on the selected systems that might be updated Select the packages to be upgraded then click...

Page 93: ...s you must decide how they should be applied to the selected systems The three buttons below the channels reflect your options Clicking Add with Highest Rank places all the ranked channels before any channels already subscribed to by the systems Clicking Add with Lowest Rank places the ranked channels after channels subscribed to by the systems Clicking Re place Existing Config Channels removes an...

Page 94: ...ystem Set Manager Provisioning Provisioning Options for provisioning systems through the following subtabs 6 4 4 7 1 System Set Manager Provisioning Kickstart Use this subtab to re install the selected Provisioning entitled systems To schedule a kickstart select a distribution identify the type IP address or manual and click Continue Then finish choosing from the options available on the subsequen...

Page 95: ...eboot To immediately cancel this action click the list of systems link that appears within the confir mation message at the top of the page select the systems and click Unschedule Action 6 4 4 8 4 System Set Manager Misc Lock Systems Selecting the appropriate systems and then clicking the Lock Systems link prevents the scheduling of any action through RHN that would affect the systems This can be ...

Page 96: ...used to manage a single Red Hat Enterprise Linux system It includes Errata Alerts Scheduled Errata Updates Package Installation and the Red Hat Update Agent Management should be used to manage multiple systems with multiple system administrators In addition to the features of the Update offering it includes system group management user man agement and the System Set Manager interface to quickly pe...

Page 97: ... details about using the resulting system list refer to Section 6 4 2 Systems 6 4 7 Activation Keys RHN Management and Provisioning customers with the Activation Key Administrator role including Organization Administrators can generate activation keys through the RHN website These keys can then be used to register the Red Hat Enterprise Linux system entitle the system to an RHN service level and s...

Page 98: ...er the Enabled column in the key list The key can be re enabled by selecting the checkbox After making these changes click the Update Keys button on the bottom right hand corner of the page 6 4 7 2 Using Multiple Activation Keys at Once Provisioning customers should note that multiple activation keys can be included at the command line or in a single kickstart profile This allows you to aggregate ...

Page 99: ... of the System Details page Refer to Section 6 4 2 6 1 5 System Details Details Custom Info for instructions 6 4 10 Kickstart To satisfy the provisioning needs of customers RHN provides this interface for developing kickstart profiles by which new systems may be built This enables systems to be installed to particular speci fications automatically Warning Since RHN Proxy Servers typically direct f...

Page 100: ...timeout 1 default My_Label label My_Label kernel vmlinuz append ks http myrhnsatellite initrd initrd img network apic 5 The machine accepts and uncompresses the init image and kernel boots the kernel and initiates a kickstart installation with the options supplied in the bootloader configuration file including the server containing the kickstart configuration file 6 This kickstart configuration fi...

Page 101: ...may select lists of files here that will be preserved during the kickstart process These files typically configuration files and others that will remain relevant when the server is re deployed can be selected using the File Preservation Lists pulldown menu near the bottom of the page Refer to Section 6 4 10 10 Kickstart File Preservation to find out how create these lists To deselect a list hold t...

Page 102: ...in python in the top field then include the commands to be intepreted below it and click Update Pre 6 4 10 4 6 Kickstart Details Post Enables you to include the post script and other parameters in the kickstart profile through the following subtabs 6 4 10 4 6 1 Kickstart Details Post Details Allows editing of the post script and inclusion of other options to be set after initial kickstart You may ...

Page 103: ...in the top field then include the commands to be intepreted under it and click Update Post 6 4 10 4 7 Kickstart Details IP Addresses Identifies the IP address ranges to be presented with this kickstart profile upon request Conflicts between IP address ranges will not be allowed unless one range is a subset of another in which case the kickstart associated with the smallest of the enclosing ranges ...

Page 104: ...tails page You need only select the correct distribution These trees are available to client systems that kickstart through the Satellite While you may be able to access the files from a non kickstarting client this functionality is not supported and may be removed at any time in the future To create a new distribution enter an intuitive label without spaces in the Distribution Label field such as...

Page 105: ...ng like this http my sat server kickstart ks mode ip_range The kickstart distribution selected by the IP range should match the distribution you are building from or errors will occur ksdevice is optional but looks like ksdevice eth0 It is possible to change the distribution for a kickstart profile within a family such as RHEL AS3 to RHEL ES3 by specifying the new distribution label Note that you ...

Page 106: ...s the protocol and include the domain name of the RHN Satellite Server in the Server field if you intend to use it to distribute the installation files 6 5 Errata If you click the Errata tab on the top navigation bar the Errata category and links appear The pages in the Errata category allow you to track and manage Errata Updates Tip If you want to receive an email when Errata Alerts are issued fo...

Page 107: ... Details for more information 6 5 2 1 Apply Errata Updates Errata Alerts include a list of updated packages that are required to apply the Errata Update To apply Errata Updates to a system the system must be entitled You can apply all applicable Errata Updates to a system by clicking on Systems Systems in the top and left navigation bars Click on the name of an entitled system and click the Errata...

Page 108: ...the RHN Daemon enabled on your systems Refer to Chapter 3 Red Hat Network Daemon for more details The following rules apply to Errata Updates Each package is a member of one or more channels If a selected system is not subscribed to a channel containing the package the package will not be installed on that system If a newer version of the package is already on the system the package will not be in...

Page 109: ... Enterprise Linux release For ex ample all the packages in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 for the x86 architecture is a base channel The list of packages in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 for the Itanium architecture is a different base channel A child channel is a channel associated with a base channel but contains extra packages For example an organization can create a child channel associated with ...

Page 110: ... works identically to the Relevant button with one exception It displays all software channels offered by Red Hat Network regardless of whether you have systems associated with them 6 6 1 3 Software Channel Details If you click on the name of a channel the Software Channel Details page will appear This page is broken down into the following tabs 6 6 1 3 1 Software Channel Details Details General i...

Page 111: ...ames summaries and the dates issued Clicking on an advisory name takes you to its Errata Details page Refer to Section 6 5 2 2 Errata Details for more information 6 6 1 3 4 Software Channel Details Packages List of packages in the channel To download packages as a tar file select them and click the Down load Packages button at the bottom left corner of the page Clicking on a package name takes you...

Page 112: ...ms subscribed to see a list of systems tied to the corresponding channel 6 6 3 Easy ISOs The Easy ISOs pages provide direct access to the ISO images available to you These images com prising full installations of various Red Hat operating system distributions are actually located within the Downloads tab of the Channel Details page This feature is available only to paid RHN sub scribers To downloa...

Page 113: ...hich are applicable to your systems These packages can be retrieved in one of two ways by direct install or through download 6 6 5 1 Software Package Install Only software packages included in a system s subscribed channels can be installed or updated on that system Important If you use scheduled package installation the packages will be installed via the RHN Daemon You must have the RHN Daemon en...

Page 114: ... install the packages manually Refer to Section 2 3 5 2 Manual Package Installation for details 6 6 5 3 Package Details If you click on the name of any package in the website the Package Details page will appear This page contains the following tabs 6 6 5 3 1 Package Details Details Details about the package including subtabs for overview dependencies change log and file list 6 6 5 3 1 1 Package D...

Page 115: ...e relevant values populated upon individual system instal lation 6 6 6 1 Preparing Systems for Config Management For a system to have its configuration managed through RHN it must have the appropriate tools and config enable file installed These tools may already be installed on your system especially if you kickstarted the system with configuration management functionality If not they can be foun...

Page 116: ... channel consists of local override configuration files tied to particular systems These files take precedent over all other configurations 6 6 6 2 1 Manage Config Channels Config Channels Global Shown by default when you click Manage Config Channels in the left navigation bar the Global Config Channels displays a list of configuration channels managed by your organization Links within this list g...

Page 117: ...you click on a channel It displays basic information about the channel including name and description and provides the means to alter this information To make changes enter new values in the text fields and click the Edit Config Channel button 6 6 6 5 2 Configuration Channel Details Files Configuration files associated with this channel Use the subtabs to view upload and create files 6 6 6 5 2 1 C...

Page 118: ...n the Systems tab 6 6 6 6 Configuration File Details If you click on the name or number of a file in a list the Configuration File Details page will appear You may remove the file at anytime by clicking delete file in the upper right corner of the page This page contains the following tabs 6 6 6 6 1 Configuration File Details Details General information about the file This is the first tab you see...

Page 119: ...addition to variables for custom system information the following standard macros are supported rhn system sid rhn system profile_name rhn system description rhn system hostname rhn system ip_address rhn system custom_info key_name rhn system net_interface ip_address eth_device rhn system net_interface netmask eth_device rhn system net_interface broadcast eth_device rhn system net_interface hardwa...

Page 120: ...ncfg manager will not translate or alter files as that tool is system agnostic Binary files cannot be interpolated 6 7 Schedule If you click the Schedule tab on the top navigation bar the Schedule category and links appear These pages enable you to keep track of the actions taking place within your systems An action is a scheduled RHN task that is to be performed on one or more client systems For ...

Page 121: ...ending Actions 6 7 2 Failed Actions Actions that could not be completed If the action returns an error it will be displayed 6 7 3 Completed Actions Actions that have succeeded 6 7 4 Archived Actions Actions that you have selected to store for review 6 7 5 Actions List In each page each row in the list represents a single scheduled event or action that might affect multiple systems and involve vari...

Page 122: ...ick on an action It dis plays the action type scheduling administrator earliest execution and notes Clicking the Errata name takes you to the Errata Details page Refer to Section 6 5 2 2 Errata Details for more information 6 7 5 1 2 Action Details Completed Systems List of systems on which the action has been successfully undertaken Clicking a system name takes you to its System Details page Refer...

Page 123: ...the organization using either the RHN website or the RHNCM Monitoring Administrator This role allows for the scheduling of probes and oversight of other Monitoring infrastructure Organization Administrator This role can perform any function available within Red Hat Network As the master account for your organization the person holding this role can alter the privileges of all other accounts as wel...

Page 124: ...u can click on the username in the User List to make system and group assignments Refer to Section 6 8 2 2 User Details for more information Warning Be careful when creating users because no interface exists for their deletion Unless you are an RHN Satellite Server customer you must contact Customer Service to have user accounts disabled Go to the Contact RHN page at https rhn redhat com help cont...

Page 125: ...erisk appears next to the names of the defaults in the dropdown menu 6 8 2 2 3 User Details Systems List of systems that the user can administer These systems come from the system groups assigned to the user on the previous tab To add systems to the System Set Manager select them and click the Update button Clicking the name of a system takes you to its System Details page Refer to Section 6 4 2 6...

Page 126: ... these addresses click Edit this address below the address to be modified make the changes and click the Update button 6 8 2 2 7 User Details Notification Methods Email and pager addresses designated to receive alerts from Monitoring probes To create a method click create new method and complete the fields If you will receive these alerts via pager select the associated checkbox to have the messag...

Page 127: ... as well as one that lists all probes The tables are identical in that each contains columns indicating probe state the system being monitored the probes used and the date and time the status was last updated In these tables clicking the name of the system takes you to the Probes tab of the System Details page Clicking the name of the probe takes you to its Current State page From there you may ed...

Page 128: ...und under the Probes tab within the System Details page since its configuration is specific to the system being monitored To view a report of the probe s results choose a relevant duration using the date fields select the metric to be reported upon and decide whether the results should be shown in a graph an error log or both Then click Generate report at the bottom of the page 6 9 2 Notification ...

Page 129: ...pplicable to your Monitoring infrastructure Typically the defaults provided will do Nevertheless you may use the fields on this page to alter your Monitoring configuration For instance you may change your mail exchange server here This page also allows you to alter the destination of all administrative emails from the Satellite When finished click Update Config ...

Page 130: ...118 Chapter 6 Red Hat Network Website ...

Page 131: ...and verify A 1 1 Listing Config Files To list the configuration files for the machine and the labels of the config channels containing them issue the command rhncfg client list You should see output resembling Config Channel File config channel 17 etc foo txt config channel 17 var spool aalib rpm config channel 14 etc foo txt A 1 2 Getting a Config File To download the most relevant configuration ...

Page 132: ...rpm No such file or directory A 1 5 Verifying Config Files To quickly determine if files are different than those associated with it in RHN issue the command rhncfg client verify You should see output resembling modified etc foo txt var spool aalib rpm The file foo txt is locally modified while aalib rpm is not A 2 Red Hat Network Configuration Manager Unlike the Red Hat Network Configuration Clie...

Page 133: ...ncfg manager diff revisions help You can see such a list of options for the add mode at Section A 2 2 1 Add Options A 2 1 Creating a Config Channel To create a config channel for your organization issue the command rhncfg manager create channel channel label If prompted for your RHN username and password provide them You should see output resembling Red Hat Network username rhn user Password Creat...

Page 134: ...rentiating between Latest Config Files To obtain a difference between the config files on disk and the latest revisions in a channel issue the command rhncfg manager diff channel channel label dest file path to file txt local path to file You should see output resembling tmp dest_path foo txt home test blahhello_world txt tmp dest_path foo txt config_channel blah revision 1 home test blah hello_wo...

Page 135: ...D PGP SIGNATURE A 2 5 Downloading All Files in a Channel To download all the files in a channel to disk create a directory and issue the command rhncfg manager download channel channel label topdir You should see output resembling Copying tmp dest_path foo txt blah2 tmp dest_path foo txt A 2 6 Getting the Contents of a File To get the contents of a particular file to stdout issue the command rhncf...

Page 136: ...rname and password provide them You should see output resembling Red Hat Network username rhn user Password Removing from config channel blah3 tmp dest_path foo txt removed A 2 10 Deleting a Config Channel To detroy a config channel in your organization issue the command rhncfg manager remove channel channel label You should see output resembling Removing config channel blah Config channel blah re...

Page 137: ...bel dest file path to file txt local path to file You should see output resembling Pushing to channel blah Local file blah tmp dest_path foo txt remote file tmp dest_path foo txt A 2 13 Uploading Multiple Files at Once To upload multiple files to a config channel from local disk at once issue the command rhncfg manager upload channel topdir topdir channel label You should see output resembling Usi...

Page 138: ...126 Appendix A Command Line Config Management Tools ...

Page 139: ... makes some of the calls B 1 Using the auth Class and Getting the Session It is worth noting you will almost invariably use the auth class first This class offers a single method login Use this to establish an RHN session It requires values for three parameters username pass word and duration The first two come directly from your RHN account while the third is the length of time the session should...

Page 140: ...o make the association B 6 Sample API Script The following sample script depicts how an RHN API client should be constructed Review the com ments and links for a full discussion of the calls made usr bin perl w use strict use Frontier Client use Data Dumper This is a sample script for use of the experimental RHN Management APIs The API is currently available using XMLRPC only which is described in...

Page 141: ...tems client call system list_user_systems session for my system systems print Dumper system print n nCapturing ID of system systems 0 name n n my systemid systems 0 id This next call returns a list of packages present on this system The syntax of this call is described at http HOST rpc api system list_packages This will probably be a pretty long list my packages client call system list_packages se...

Page 142: ...130 Appendix B RHN API Access ...

Page 143: ...criptions in this appendix Then apply relevant probes to Monitoring entitled systems within your organization as described in Section 6 9 Monitoring While adding those probes select meaningful thresholds that when crossed notify you and your ad ministrators of problems within your infrastructure All probes that have been scheduled but are not yet running show a PENDING status in the Status Bar whi...

Page 144: ...erChild setting The ExtendedStatus directive in the httpd conf file of the Web server must be set to On for this probe to function properly Field Value Application Protocol http Port 80 Pathname server status UserAgent NOCpulse ApacheUptime 1 0 Username Password Timeout 15 Critical Maximum Megabytes Transferred Per Child Warning Maximum Megabytes Transferred Per Child Critical Maximum Megabytes Tr...

Page 145: ...e Web server was last started No metrics are collected by this probe which is designed to help track service level agreements SLAs Field Value Application Protocol http Port 80 Pathname server status UserAgent NOCpulse ApacheUptime 1 0 Username Password Timeout 15 Table C 3 Apache Uptime settings C 3 BEA WebLogic 6 x and higher The probes in this section with the exception of JDBC Connection Pool ...

Page 146: ...f community_prefix managed_server_name in order for the SNMP query to return results for the desired Managed Server Finally SNMP must be enabled on each monitored system SNMP support can be enabled and configured through the WebLogic Console Please see the documentation that came with your BEA server or information on the BEA website for more details about BEA s community string naming conventions...

Page 147: ...WebLogic JDBC Connection Pool The BEA WebLogic JDBC Connection Pool probe monitors the Java Database Connection JDBC pool on a domain Admin Server only no Managed Servers and collects the following metrics Connections The number of connections to the JDBC Connections Rate The speed at which connections are made to the JDBC measured in connec tions per second Waiters The number of sessions waiting ...

Page 148: ...C 3 5 BEA WebLogic Servlet The BEA WebLogic Servlet probe monitors the performance of a particular servlet deployed on a WebLogic server and collects the following metrics High Execution Time The highest amount of time in milliseconds that the servlet takes to execute since the system was started Low Execution Time The lowest amount of time in milliseconds that the servlet takes to execute since t...

Page 149: ...nullifying the thresholds C 4 1 General Remote Program The General Remote Program probe allows you to run any command or script on your system and obtain a status string Note that the resulting message will be limited to 1024 bytes Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe Field Value Command OK Exit Status 0 Warning Exi...

Page 150: ...e XML is case sensitive The data item key name cannot be changed and it must collect a number as its value Field Value Command OK Exit Status 0 Warning Exit Status 1 Critical Exit Status 2 Timeout 15 Table C 10 General Remote Program with Data settings C 4 3 General SNMP Check The General SNMP Check probe tests your SNMP server by specifying a single object identifier OID in dotted notation such a...

Page 151: ...field If the expected string is not found the probe returns a CRITICAL status Field Value Send Expect Port 1 Timeout 10 Critical Maximum Latency Warning Maximum Latency Table C 12 General TCP Check settings C 4 5 General UDP Check The General UDP Check probe tests your UDP server by verifying it can connect to a system via the specified port number It collects the following metric Remote Service L...

Page 152: ...ort 161 SNMP Version 2 Timeout 15 Table C 14 General Uptime SNMP settings C 5 Linux The probes in this section monitor essential aspects of your Linux systems from CPU usage to virtual memory Apply them to mission critical systems to obtain warnings prior to failure Unlike other probe groups which may contain one or a few probes that require the Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon every Linux probe ...

Page 153: ...ected directly to the system Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe Field Value Disk number or disk name 0 Timeout 15 Critical Maximum KB read second Warning Maximum KB read second Warning Minimum KB read second Critical Minimum KB read second Critical Maximum KB written second Warning Maximum KB written second Warnin...

Page 154: ...tem There is an inode for each file and a file is uniquely identified by the file system on which it resides and its inode number on that system Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe Field Value File system Timeout 15 Critical Maximum Inodes Percent Used Warning Maximum Inodes Percent Used Table C 18 Linux Inodes set...

Page 155: ...ments The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe Field Value Timeout 15 Critical CPU Load 1 minute average Warning CPU Load 1 minute average Critical CPU Load 5 minute average Warning CPU Load 5 minute average Critical CPU Load 15 minute average Warning CPU Load 15 minute average Table C 20 Linux Load settings C 5 7 Linux Memory Usage...

Page 156: ...received notification of its termination by executing some form of the wait system call Stopped One that has been stopped before its execution could be executed Sleeping One that has been removed from memory by the medium term scheduler to reduce the degree of multiprogramming It is later reintroduced into memory and execution resumes where it left off Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring D...

Page 157: ... in the graph Child Process Groups The number of child processes spawned from the specified parent process A child process inherits most of its attributes such as open files from its parent Threads The number of running threads for a given process A thread is the basic unit of CPU utilization and consists of a program counter a register set and a stack space A thread is also called a lightweight p...

Page 158: ...xample to verify that two instances of the Apache HTTP Server are running regardless of the dynamic number of child processes If it is not selected the probe conducts a straightforward count of the number of processes children and leaders matching the specified process Specify the process by either command name or process I D PID Entering a PID will override the entry of a command name If no comma...

Page 159: ...hut down and is now waiting for the socket to close FIN_WAIT The socket is closed and the connection is now shutting down ESTABLISHED The socket has a connection established SYN_RCVD The connection request has been received from the network Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe Field Value Local IP address filter pat...

Page 160: ...m Users Table C 28 Linux Users settings C 5 15 Linux Virtual Memory The Linux Virtual Memory probe monitors the total system memory and collects the following met ric Virtual Memory The percent of total system memory random access memory RAM plus swap that is free Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe Field Value Tim...

Page 161: ... For this probe to run the nocpulse user must be granted read access to your log files In addition to the name and location of the log file to be monitored you must provide a regular expression to be matched against in regex format for egrep which is equivalent to grep E in support for extended regular expressions This is the regex set for egrep beginning of line end of line match one char match z...

Page 162: ...te to the log file since the probe last ran Requirements The Red Hat Network Monitoring Daemon rhnmd must be running on the moni tored system to execute this probe For this probe to run the nocpulse user must be granted read access to your log files Field Value Log file var log messages Timeout 20 Critical Maximum Size Warning Maximum Size Warning Minimum Size Critical Minimum Size Critical Maximu...

Page 163: ...se mysql Timeout 15 Table C 32 MySQL Database Accessibility settings C 7 2 MySQL Opened Tables The MySQL Opened Tables probe monitors the MySQL server and collects the following metric Opened Tables The tables that have been opened since the server was started Field Value Username Password MySQL Port 3306 Timeout 15 Critical Maximum Opened Objects Warning Maximum Opened Objects Warning Minimum Ope...

Page 164: ...following metric Query Rate The average number of queries per second per database server Field Value Username Password MySQL Port 3306 Timeout 15 Critical Maximum Query Rate Warning Maximum Query Rate Warning Minimum Query Rate Critical Minimum Query Rate Table C 35 MySQL Query Rate settings C 7 5 MySQL Threads Running The MySQL Threads Running probe monitors the MySQL server and collects the foll...

Page 165: ...etric Query Time The time in milliseconds required to execute the dig request This is useful in monitoring the status of your DNS servers If you want to monitor one of your DNS servers supply a well known host domain name such as a large search engine or corporate Web site Field Value Host or Address to look up Timeout 10 Critical Maximum Query Time Warning Maximum Query Time Table C 37 Network Se...

Page 166: ...quired Expect value is the string to be matched against after a successful connection is made to the IMAP server If the expected string is not found the probe will return a CRITICAL state Field Value IMAP Port 143 Expect OK Timeout 5 Critical Maximum Remote Service Latency Warning Maximum Remote Service Latency Table C 39 Network Services IMAP Mail settings C 8 4 Network Services Mail Transfer SMT...

Page 167: ...ion NAT to support internal and external IP addresses this option may be used to check a secondary IP address rather than the primary address associated with the hostname Note that this probe conducts the ping from an RHN Server and not the monitored system So popu lating the IP Address field does not test connectivity between the system and the specified IP address but between the RHN Server and ...

Page 168: ...sent to the address This probe collects the following metrics Round Trip Average The time it takes in milliseconds for the ICMP ECHO packet to go to and from the IP address Packet Loss The percent of data lost in transit The IP Address field identifies the precise address to be pinged Unlike a similar field in the standard Ping probe that is optional this field is required because the monitored sy...

Page 169: ...gram name or program number and the protocol over which the conversation will occur plus the usual timeout Field Value Protocol TCP UDP udp Service Name nfs Timeout 10 Critical Maximum Remote Service Latency Warning Maximum Remote Service Latency Table C 44 Network Services RPCService settings C 8 9 Network Services Secure Web Server HTTPS The Network Services Secure Web Server HTTPS probe determi...

Page 170: ...display the message returned from the server and generate a WARNING state Field Value SSH Port 22 Timeout 5 Critical Maximum Remote Service Latency Warning Maximum Remote Service Latency Table C 46 Network Services SSH settings C 8 11 Network Services Web Server HTTP The Network Services Web Server HTTP probe determines the availability of the Web server and collects the following metric Remote Se...

Page 171: ...in catalog sql In addition for these probes to function prop erly the Oracle user configured in the probe must have minimum privileges of CONNECT and SE LECT_CATALOG_ROLE Some Oracle probes are specifically aimed at tuning devices for long term performance gains rather than avoiding outages Therefore Red Hat recommends scheduling them to occur less frequently between every hour and every two days ...

Page 172: ...le Sessions Used Table C 48 Oracle Active Sessions settings C 9 2 Oracle Availability The Oracle Availability probe determines the availability of the database from the RHN Satellite Server Field Value Oracle SID Oracle Username Oracle Password Oracle Port 1521 Timeout 30 Table C 49 Oracle Availability settings C 9 3 Oracle Blocking Sessions The Oracle Blocking Sessions probe monitors an Oracle in...

Page 173: ... a consistent mode Physical Reads The cumulative number of blocks read from disk Buffer Cache Hit Ratio The rate the database goes to the buffer instead of the hard disk to retrieve data A low ratio suggests more RAM should be added to the system Field Value Oracle SID Oracle Username Oracle Password Oracle Port 1521 Timeout 30 Warning Minimum Buffer Cache Hit Ratio Critical Minimum Buffer Cache H...

Page 174: ...nary Cache Hit Ratio so as to optimize the SHARED_POOL_SIZE in init ora It collects the following metrics Data Dictionary Hit Ratio The ratio of cache hits to cache lookup attempts in the data dictionary cache In other words the rate the database goes to the dictionary instead of the hard disk to retrieve data A low ratio suggests more RAM should be added to the system Gets The number of blocks ac...

Page 175: ...C 9 8 Oracle Idle Sessions The Oracle Idle Sessions probe monitors an Oracle instance and collects the following metric Idle Sessions The number of Oracle sessions that are idle as determined by the required Time Idle value provided by you Only those sessions that have been idle for this duration which is measured in seconds will be counted as idle sessions Field Value Oracle SID Oracle Username O...

Page 176: ... Library Cache probe computes the Library Cache Miss Ratio so as to optimize the SHARED_POOL_SIZE in init ora It collects the following metrics Library Cache Miss Ratio The rate a library cache pin miss occurs This will happen when a session executes a statement that it has already parsed but finds that the statement is no longer in the shared pool Executions The number of times a pin was requeste...

Page 177: ...ve Locks Warning Maximum Active Locks Table C 58 Oracle Locks settings C 9 12 Oracle Redo Log The Oracle Redo Log probe monitors an Oracle database instance and collects the following metrics Redo Log Space Request Rate The average number of redo log space requests per minute since the server has been started Redo Buffer Allocation Retry Rate The average number of buffer allocation retries per min...

Page 178: ...is configured with an extent size of 1 MB and max extents of 10 can grow to a maximum of 20 MB by being extended by 1 MB ten times This probe can be configured to alert by 1 the number of allocated extents e g go critical when the table has been extended 5 or more times or 2 the table is extended past a certain percentage of its max extents e g go critical when the table has exhausted 80 or more o...

Page 179: ... Password Oracle Port 1521 Tablespace Name Timeout 30 Critical Maximum Available Space Used Warning Maximum Available Space Used Table C 61 Oracle Tablespace Usage settings C 9 15 Oracle TNS Ping The Oracle TNS Ping determines if an Oracle listener is alive and collects the following metric Remote Service Latency The time it takes in seconds for the Oracle server to answer a connection request Fie...

Page 180: ... Probe Latency The average difference in seconds between when probes are scheduled to run and when they actually do run Satellite Latency The amount of time in seconds since the Satellite last checked in If monitoring is critical to your infrastructure consider setting the probe to run every five minutes alert after a single failure and renotify after 10 minutes to ensure this probe functions opti...

Page 181: ...llite Server Interface Traffic The RHN Satellite Server Interface Traffic probe monitors the interface traffic on a Satellite and collects the following metrics Input Rate The amount of traffic in bytes per second the device receives Output Rate The amount of traffic in bytes per second the device sends Field Value Interface eth0 Timeout seconds 30 Critical Maximum Input Rate Critical Maximum Outp...

Page 182: ...Warning Maximum 1 minute Average Critical Maximum 5 minute Average Warning Maximum 5 minute Average Critical Maximum 15 minute Average Warning Maximum 15 minute Average Table C 68 RHN Satellite Server Load settings C 10 7 RHN Satellite Server Probe Count The RHN Satellite Server Probe Count probe monitors the number of probes on a Satellite and col lects the following metric Probes The number of i...

Page 183: ...Blocked Processes Warning Maximum Blocked Processes Critical Maximum Child Processes Warning Maximum Child Processes Critical Maximum Defunct Processes Warning Maximum Defunct Processes Critical Maximum Stopped Processes Warning Maximum Stopped Processes Critical Maximum Swapped Processes Warning Maximum Swapped Processes Table C 70 RHN Satellite Server Process Counts settings C 10 9 RHN Satellite...

Page 184: ...ide the entry of a command name If no command name or PID is entered the error Command not found will be displayed and the probe will be set to a CRITICAL state Field Value Command Name Process ID PID file Timeout 15 Critical Maximum CPU Usage Warning Maximum CPU Usage Critical Maximum Child Process Groups Warning Maximum Child Process Groups Critical Maximum Threads Warning Maximum Threads Critic...

Page 185: ...lts if the value falls below the Warning threshold Field Value Critical Minimum Swap Percent Free Warning Minimum Swap Percent Free Table C 74 RHN Satellite Server Swap settings C 10 13 RHN Satellite Server Users The RHN Satellite Server Users probe monitors the number of users currently logged into a Satellite A CRITICAL status results if the value exceeds the Critical threshold A WARNING status ...

Page 186: ...174 Appendix C Probes ...

Page 187: ...r package B Base Channel A base channel is a type of Channel that consists of a list of packages based on a specific architecture and Red Hat release For example all the packages in Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS 3 for the x86 architecture make a base channel Bug Fix Alert An Errata Alert that pertains to a bug fix Bugzilla Bugzilla is an online application http www redhat com bugzilla that allows us...

Page 188: ...rrata description of the Errata and a list of which systems are affected by the report Enhancement Alert An Errata Alert that pertains to a package enhancement request Entitled Server A server that is subscribed to an RHN service level Because the server is entitled the RHN website can be used to manage its packages Errata Information published by Red Hat describing security fixes bug fixes and pa...

Page 189: ...tion Administrator are sets of users that have the highest level of control over an orga nization s Red Hat Network account Members of this group can add users systems and system groups to the organization as well as remove them An Organization Administrator can also give users administrative privileges to system groups An RHN organization must have at least one member of the Organization Administ...

Page 190: ...to configure its preferences including whether to install the packages after they are downloaded RPM A software package manager that was developed by Red Hat It can be used to build install query verify update and uninstall software packages All software updates from RHN are de livered in RPM format RPM Database Each Red Hat Enterprise Linux system has an RPM database that stores information about...

Page 191: ...ique string of characters and numbers that identifies a registered system It is stored in the system s Digital Certificate System Profile Hardware and software information about the client system It is created during the registration process The software information is a list of RPM packages and their versions installed on the client system The System Profile is used to determine every Errata Aler...

Page 192: ...180 Glossary ...

Page 193: ...hild channel 97 client applications obtaining 5 Config Channel List 103 config channels details 105 106 global 104 list of 103 Config Channels and Files Config Channel List 103 config management system preparation 103 Configuration Channel List Channel Details 105 File Details 106 configuration files manage 104 quota 105 Configuration Management command line tools 119 conventions document i custom...

Page 194: ...42 Interface Traffic 142 Load 143 Memory Usage 143 probes nocpulse 140 Process Count Total 145 Process Counts by State 144 Process Health 145 Process Running 146 Swap Usage 146 TCP Connections by State 147 Users 148 Virtual Memory 148 List Navigation explanation of 60 LogAgent Log Pattern Match 149 Log Size 150 probes nocpulse 148 M macros within configuration Files interpolation 107 Management se...

Page 195: ...talling 101 overview 101 password change 62 preferences change 63 probe guidelines 131 probe list Apache Processes 132 Traffic 132 Uptime 133 General Remote Program 137 Remote Program with Data 137 SNMP Check 138 TCP Check 139 UDP Check 139 Uptime SNMP 140 Linux CPU Usage 140 Disk IO Throughput 141 Disk Usage 141 Inodes 142 Interface Traffic 142 Load 143 Memory Usage 143 Process Count Total 145 Pr...

Page 196: ...reactivating systems 70 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2 1 requiring the Red Hat Network Registration Client i 7 Red Hat Network an introduction to 1 components primary 1 Red Hat Network Alert Notification Tool adding to panel 39 applying Errata Updates 41 configuring 39 icons 40 launching RHN website 41 requirements 39 with a proxy server 40 Red Hat Network Configuration Client rhncfg client 119 Red Ha...

Page 197: ...ning 172 Processes 171 Swap 173 Users 173 RHN website 41 initial description 1 rhnreg_ks 85 rhnsd 37 rhn_register See Registration RHUA up2date complete description 7 S Schedule 108 Scheduled Actions Action Details 110 Actions List 109 Archived Actions 109 Completed Actions 109 Failed Actions 109 Pending Actions 109 Secure Sockets Layer 5 security overview 4 service levels Demo 2 Management 2 Moni...

Page 198: ... Pool 135 probes 133 Server State 136 Servlet 136 website 57 activation keys 85 All Errata 95 Buy Now 63 Channel List 97 Channels 97 Config Channel List 103 Configuration Channel Details 105 Configuration File Details 106 custom system information 87 Errata 94 Errata Search 97 Help 63 kickstart profiles 87 logging in 60 Monitoring 114 navigation bar 57 overview 57 Purchase History 63 Relevant Erra...

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