104
Chapter16
CO
2
Monitoring
16.1
General
The contents of this section are just the descriptions of the ways of measurement by sidestream and
mainstream CO
2
modules, which are different from the working mode of CO
2
measured in an anesthetic
gas (AG). Please note their differences.
This instrument measures the CO
2
pressure of the patient's air circuit, can measure the content of
end-of-respiration CO
2
(EtCO
2
), the content of minimum CO
2
intake (Ins CO
2
), and the airway respiration
rate (AWRR), and display the CO
2
pressure waveform.
Monitors using the way of CO
2
measurement are divided into sidestream monitors and mainstream
monitors.
In the side-stream measurement mode, the respiratory gases through patient airways are sampled with a
constant sampling flows and analyzed by remote CO
2
sensors built in the measurement system.
In the mainstream measurement mode, CO
2
sensors are mounted on an airway joint that is directly
inserted into the respiratory system of a patient.
CO
2
measurement provides:
•
CO
2
waveform.
•
End-of-respiration CO
2
(EtCO
2
): CO
2
value measured at the end of respiration.
•
Minimum CO
2
intake (Ins CO
2
): The minimum value measured during respiration.
•
Airway Respiration Rate (AWRR): respiration rate per minute derived from CO
2
waveform.
Warning
The bumping and shaking of the CO
2
module should be avoided whenever possible.
Attention
Do not use this instrument where combustible anesthetic gases are present in the environment.
Attention
This instrument can be operated only by professionals who are occupationally trained and