GAPS
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User Guide
8
Dynamic Positioning Modes
8.1 Definition
GAPS can be used as an external hydro acoustic position reference for the Dynamic
Positioning (DP). GAPS is directly interfaced to the DP and outputs the position of the vessel
to the DP using referenced moored acoustic transponders.
The purpose of this mode is that DP cannot only trust the GNSS data. If there is a GNSS
failure or outage, the hydro acoustic position reference still provides an accurate positioning of
the surface vessel. These hydro acoustic position references are essential for DP class 2 and
3. The INS becomes the core component of the positioning system and achieves the data
fusion of all available sensors (LBL, USBL and GNSS).
When L/USBL or L/USBL/INS mode is activated, GAPS can still simultaneously track mobile
transponder in USBL.
Figure 66 - GAPS in DP Mode and other operations
Definition
The use of L/USBL mode requires calibrating the fixed transponders to precisely determine
their positions. This is done by surveying the moored transponders using the USBL
positioning. These transponders can then be used as LBL transponders to compute the
position of the surface vessel. The optimal geometry for different numbers of transponders is
described below.
Figure 67 - Geometry of the field of transponders
MU-GAPS-AN-005-H - November 2019
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Summary of Contents for GAPS
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