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E Monitor Signal .................................................................................................. C-3

External Signal In ................................................................................................. C-4

Appendix D: Power LED Blink Codes ............................................................................................. D-1

Normal Start-up ................................................................................................................ D-1

Failure in an electronics module ....................................................................................... D-1

Severe problem ................................................................................................................ D-1

Error Messages and Limitations.......................................................................................... D-1

Error Message This instrument is not authorized for Freq= ................................... D-1

Error Message This instrument is not authorized for IERange= .............................. D-1

Error Message This instrument is not authorized for ScanRate= ............................ D-1

Error Message "This instrument is not authorized for SampleTime= ...................... D-2

Appendix E: CE Certificate ............................................................................................................. E-1

Declaration of Conformity ................................................................................................ E-1

Low Voltage Certificate of Conformance ........................................................................... E-2

RFI Certificate of Conformance ......................................................................................... E-3

Appendix F: Heat in Interface 1000 MultEchem Systems ................................................................ F-1

Introduction to Device Power-Dissipation ......................................................................... F-1

Potentiostat/Galvanostat Power Model .............................................................................. F-2

Discharging a Battery ........................................................................................................ F-2

Single Interface 1000 ........................................................................................................ F-3

Vertical Stacks .................................................................................................................. F-3

Interface Power Hub Systems ............................................................................................ F-3

Appendix G: Capabilities of Various Models of Interface 1000 ........................................................ G-1

Index ............................................................................................................................................. Index-1

Summary of Contents for Interface 1000

Page 2: ...nstallation or use of a system containing an Interface 1000 call from a phone next to your computer where you can type and read the screen while talking to us We are happy to provide a reasonable leve...

Page 3: ...he system at any time without incurring any obligation to install same on systems previously purchased All system specifications are subject to change without notice There are no warranties which exte...

Page 4: ...assumes no responsibility for errors that might appear Copyrights Interface 1000 Potentiostat Galvanostat ZRA Operator s Manual copyright 2014 2022 Gamry Instruments Inc all rights reserved Gamry Fram...

Page 5: ...EChem Systems 2 2 Front Panel Customization 2 3 Notational Conventions 2 3 Chapter 3 Installation 3 1 Initial Visual Inspection 3 1 Physical Location 3 1 Computer Requirements 3 2 Quick start Guide fo...

Page 6: ...d Stability 7 1 Improving Potentiostat Stability 7 2 Chapter 8 Measurement of Small Signals 8 1 Overview 8 1 Measurement System Model and Physical Limitations 8 1 Johnson Noise in Zcell 8 2 Finite Inp...

Page 7: ...uthorized for ScanRate D 1 Error Message This instrument is not authorized for SampleTime D 2 Appendix E CE Certificate E 1 Declaration of Conformity E 1 Low Voltage Certificate of Conformance E 2 RFI...

Page 8: ......

Page 9: ...the standard mentioned above Reinforced insulation again defined in EN 61010 is used to reduce the risk of electrical shock caused by this hazardous live voltage The majority of the Interface 1000 s...

Page 10: ...n in an electrochemical test A Chassis Ground banana jack on the rear panel of the Interface 1000 easily implements this connection Simply run a wire from this binding post to a suitable source of ear...

Page 11: ...Interface 1000 User I O Connector is connected to the instrument s chassis which is a floating ground In a system that needs isolation from earth ground the shield of a User I O cable must not connect...

Page 12: ...ve humidity Maximum 90 non condensing Shipping Same as storage plus Acceleration Maximum 30 G Operation Ambient temperature 0 C to 45 C Relative humidity Maximum 90 non condensing Cleaning Disconnect...

Page 13: ...cage to the Interface 1000 s floating ground the black lead on the cell cable Electrical Transient Sensitivity Your Interface 1000 Potentiostat Galvanostat ZRA was designed to offer reasonable immunit...

Page 14: ...m CE Compliance The European Community has instituted standards limiting radio frequency interference emitted by electronic devices setting limits for susceptibility of apparatus to RF energy and tran...

Page 15: ...n assuming installation using Revision 7 0 of Gamry s Framework software Installation is also described in Gamry s Quick Start Installation Guide for USB Potentiostats Software support for the Interfa...

Page 16: ...Corrosion testing Evaluation of protective coatings and paints Research in electrochemical storage and conversion Battery and electrochemical capacitor evaluation Bio electrochemical testing Electroch...

Page 17: ...such as Pstat1 Pstat2 Pstat3 Whimsical names such as Rusty Dog can also be displayed in this area See Chapter 4 for more details Notational Conventions In order to make this manual more readable we ha...

Page 18: ......

Page 19: ...f the instrument because some cable connections are made from the rear The Interface 1000 is generally operated in a flat position see Figure 3 1 Operation in other positions is possible as long as yo...

Page 20: ...software onto a computer system If this document is missing you can find it on www gamry com The Quick start Guide found at www gamry com contains the latest information concerning system installatio...

Page 21: ...output This regulated DC is then connected to the DC power input jack on the rear of the Interface 1000 The external power supply provided with the Interface 1000 is rated for operation from 100 to 24...

Page 22: ...nterface 1000 see Figure 3 1 Watch the Power LED as the Interface 1000 powers up It flashes slowly four or five times depending on the amount of software loading then glows a steady blue This process...

Page 23: ...s if the system is currently taking data or performing an electrochemical experiment Multiple Potentiostat Systems Gamry s current Framework software Revision 7 0 allows a computer to operate up to 16...

Page 24: ...the Interface 1000 All Gamry standard cell cables have a 25 pin D connector on one end and a number of leads terminated with banana plugs on the other The D connector end of the cable is connected to...

Page 25: ...r that are stand alone programs Programs that you develop using our toolkits will fall into the stand alone software category The Framework Instrument Manager is useful in organizing the potentiostats...

Page 26: ...graded Interface 1000 enter a new authorization code using Instrument Manager See Appendix G for a full list of each model s capabilities You can use Gamry s Instrument Manager Application to make cha...

Page 27: ...Manager command Appropriate update files can be obtained from the Gamry Instruments website at www gamry com If you encounter a problem updating the firmware in your Interface 1000 please contact Gamr...

Page 28: ...l Dummy Cell 4 which includes a 2 k 0 05 accurate resistor After calibration please place this dummy cell in a safe place where you can find it if your unit requires recalibration If you do need to re...

Page 29: ...e 1000 includes a customization label that makes each unit visually unique This allows you to know exactly which potentiostat will be used for each test By default each Interface 1000 ships with a lab...

Page 30: ...hese free programs will probably work well for simple edits and printing Each label is contained in one Excel cell In addition to changing the text in a cell you can change the font the font size and...

Page 31: ...he photo 8 Pull gently on the paper tab on the left side of the front panel to remove the existing label You need to pull out about 5 cm of label 9 Insert the new label in the same spot as the old lab...

Page 32: ...Chapter 3 Installation The Interface 1000 Customization Label 3 14 Figure 3 3 Instrument with Bezel Removed Label Tab Seen...

Page 33: ...n ZRA mode connect to counter electrode Black Pin jack Floating Ground Leave open or connect to a Faraday shield Connect both the blue and green cell leads to the working electrode The working electro...

Page 34: ...o electrode experiment The potential reading then is the difference between the counter electrode and the working electrode ZRA Mode Cell Connections The Interface 1000 can function as a precision Zer...

Page 35: ...he white reference lead to the working electrode In theory the measured potential is exactly zero when this is done In practice A D noise and offset create a small potential signal with a value very c...

Page 36: ...Chapter 4 Cell Connections Membrane Cell Connections 4 4...

Page 37: ...er In or when the AC power input is connected to the external power supply The Power LED The Power LED is on the lower right of the Interface 1000 front panel It normally glows a continuous blue when...

Page 38: ...000 Cell Connector also uses four pins to read a cell cable ID Gamry software can compensate for the cell cable characteristics for optimal system performance especially in EIS Electrochemical Impedan...

Page 39: ...d in one special condition when a firmware update occurs Interrupting a firmware update can cause a catastrophic failure of your system Do not turn off the Interface 1000 do not unplug the USB cable a...

Page 40: ...the cell current has exceeded full scale on the current range presently in use This condition is an I Overload Transient temporary overloads during an experiment in which the cell voltage or current i...

Page 41: ...re near the end of the Installation chapter Chapter 3 Rear Panel Power In Jack The Power In jack is a 4 pin power DIN connector The Interface 1000 derives all its power from 48 V DC input through the...

Page 42: ...ternally powered hub The two ends of a Type A B cable are different The more rectangular end plugs into the computer and the more square end plugs into the Interface 1000 A suitable USB cable was incl...

Page 43: ...tor includes a 5 V power supply that can provide up to 50 mA of current for external circuitry Sync Port The Sync Port is used when several Interface 5000 instruments need to be operated with a common...

Page 44: ...Chapter 5 Panel Indicators and Connectors Rear Panel 5 8...

Page 45: ...full circuitry details The complexity of the Interface 1000 can be quite daunting the Interface 1000 circuit boards contain more than 2000 components connected by almost 5000 circuit nets The schemati...

Page 46: ...t generates Esig Switches are either computer controlled reed relays or MOS switches as appropriate All components shown as variable resistance Rm capacitor IEStab and capacitor CASpeed are actually s...

Page 47: ...teps in the DDS output The high pass filter provides AC coupling to prevent drift in the DDS s offset getting into the applied signal In practice Gamry EIS software uses the DDS to apply sine waves wi...

Page 48: ...he control of a hardware state machine This insures that all waveform and data acquisition timing is tightly controlled and reproducible point to point By default the data acquisition is synchronized...

Page 49: ...a serial bit stream The UARTs send data at 6 Mbits second The Interface 1000 has local non volatile data storage This is used to save calibration data and board revision information Interface 1000 cal...

Page 50: ...noise on the data The DC DC Converter powers both the floating circuitry and some earth side circuitry including the USB processor and User I O Additional circuitry protects the Interface 1000 agains...

Page 51: ...in the current recorded on the system you should suspect oscillation The Interface 1000 has been tested for stability with cell capacitors between 10 pF and 3000 F In all but its fastest control ampli...

Page 52: ...your local Gamry Instruments representative for more information concerning changes in these settings Lower the reference electrode s impedance Make sure that you do not have a clogged reference elec...

Page 53: ...s the cell See Figure 7 2 The capacitor value is generally determined by trial and error One nF 1000 pF is a good starting point In a sense this is another form of an AC coupled low impedance referenc...

Page 54: ...istor to give one volt of drop at the highest current expected in the test being run For example if you expect your highest current to be around 1 mA you can add a 1 k resistor This resistor has no ef...

Page 55: ...mplied by very sensitive current measurements consider the equivalent circuit shown in Figure 8 1 We are attempting to measure the cell impedance given by Zcell This model is valid for analysis purpos...

Page 56: ...rate a minimum noise for both current and voltage per the following equations E 4kTR F 1 2 I 4kT F R 1 2 where k Boltzman s constant 1 38 10 23 J K T temperature in K F noise bandwidth in Hz R resista...

Page 57: ...one degree The uncorrected upper frequency limit on a 6 nA range is therefore around 80 Hz One can measure higher frequencies using the higher current ranges i e lower impedance ranges but this reduc...

Page 58: ...nt prevents accurate DC current measurement in the low nA or pA ranges In an EIS measurement you apply an AC excitation voltage that is much bigger than the typical noise voltage so this is not a fact...

Page 59: ...are Fluorescent lights Motors Radio transmitters Computers and computer monitors Try to avoid AC powered or computerized apparatus within your Faraday shield Length and Construction of the Cell Cable...

Page 60: ...aterials for constructing cells Even glass may be a problem when it is wet You also must consider Cshunt Make the inactive portion of your electrodes as small as possible Avoid placing electrodes clos...

Page 61: ...0 earth ground referenced not floating Take special precautions with the cell connections when the Interface 1000 must float Make sure that all the cell connections are isolated from earth ground In t...

Page 62: ...Chapter 8 Measurement of Small Signals Floating Operation 8 8...

Page 63: ...ice Control Amplifier Compliance Voltage Min 22 volts Note 1 Output Current Min 1000 mA Note 2 Unity Gain Bandwidth Typ 1100 320 39 4 0 4 kHz Notes 3 4 Slew Rate Typ 10 4 5 0 6 0 06 0 006 V s Notes 3...

Page 64: ...tput Voltage at Monitor and ADC in Typ 3 0 V full scale Input Offset Current Max 10 pA Note 15 Range Zero Offset Max 0 05 of range Note 15 Gain Tolerance 1 A to 10 nA ranges Max 0 3 of reading Note 15...

Page 65: ...V C Note 19 Noise and Ripple 1 Hz to 1 kHz 1 Hz to 200 kHz Typ 10 20 V rms Note 20 Galvanostatic Mode Maximum Full scale Current 1000 mA Minimum Full scale Current 10 nA Accuracy Dominated by current...

Page 66: ...input on the differential electrometer of 13 6 V In practice the operational amplifiers in the voltage signal processing circuitry cannot guarantee voltages beyond 12 5 V 6 This specification is teste...

Page 67: ...or are amperes 16 Drift can be approximated by simple drift in the Range Zero Error In reality all three terms in the equation above can have drift 17 The Current to Voltage converter bandwidth is a f...

Page 68: ...Appendix A Interface 1000 Specifications Floating Operation Appendix A 6...

Page 69: ...nter lead s resistance 8 CBL_ID1 One of four cable ID bits Used to identify the type of cell cable attached to the unit Pull to a logic High through a resistor Ground to set the bit low 9 CBL_ID2 One...

Page 70: ...Appendix B Interface 1000 Cell Connector Floating Operation Appendix B 2...

Page 71: ...rent must be below 10 A 9 Digital Out 2 A CMOS compatible digital output connecting device input current must be below 10 A 10 Digital Out 3 A CMOS compatible digital output connecting device input cu...

Page 72: ...nnectors Gamry sells three standard Master Serf cables 985 00132 One Master and One Serf 985 00133 One Master and up to Three Serfs 985 00134 One Master and up to Seven Serfs All of these cables have...

Page 73: ...l falls as you reach the nA and pA current ranges IE Stability capacitors further slow the response Scaling on this signal is 3 V for the nominal full scale current on the selected current range Catho...

Page 74: ...is such that a negative signal generator output creates a positive differential electrometer signal which corresponds to a negative working electrode versus reference electrode voltage The polarity o...

Page 75: ...st potentiostat missing Four times then twice If there are multiple problems the communications board takes code priority over the memory module Severe problem The red LED which normally switches off...

Page 76: ...ndix D 2 Error Message This instrument is not authorized for SampleTime The Interface 1000T is able to record data with a sample time of 1 ms or higher Shorter sample times generate this error message...

Page 77: ...2006 95 EC The declaration is based upon product compliance with the following standards as defined in report number 05965 000 from Ergonomics Inc for safety analysis and report number R 1789P from Re...

Page 78: ...Appendix E CE Certificate Appendix E 2 Low Voltage Certificate of Conformance...

Page 79: ...Appendix E CE Certificate Appendix E 3 RFI Certificate of Conformance...

Page 80: ...Appendix E CE Certificate Appendix E 4...

Page 81: ...the details of internal power supplies within the device active circuitry and power in I O circuitry The power dissipated in a resistor is given by R V R I I V P 2 2 where P is power in watts V is vo...

Page 82: ...R1 and R2 resulting in quiescent power dissipation of a little less than 5 W The values of R1 and R2 change when current flows into or out of the cell When 1 A flows into a zero voltage cell R1 is ar...

Page 83: ...s stacked one atop another a vertical stack of horizontal units In this configuration the Interface 1000s ran hotter because power dissipation in one unit can radiate heat to adjacent units and also p...

Page 84: ...Appendix F Heat in Interface 1000 MultEchem Systems Appendix F 4...

Page 85: ...pectroscopy Mott Schottky OptiEIS Multisine Potentiostatic Impedance Spectroscopy OptiEIS Multisine Galvanostatic Impedance Spectroscopy DC Corrosion Techniques Corrosion Potential Linear Polarization...

Page 86: ...e Voltammetry Square Wave Stripping Voltammetry Normal Pulse Stripping Voltammetry Reverse Normal Pulse Stripping Voltammetry Potentiostatic Generic Pulse Galvanostatic Generic Pulse Sample DC Voltamm...

Page 87: ...electrical noise 8 5 electrical transients 1 5 electrons per second 8 1 enclosed space 1 4 environmental limits 1 4 environmental stress 1 4 Experiment drop down menu 3 9 External Signal 9 4 fan spee...

Page 88: ...reference electrode impedance 8 6 ringing 7 1 safety 1 1 schematic 6 1 Serf 9 2 service 1 5 service contract ii shielding against noise 1 2 small signals 8 1 software calibration 8 1 specifications 8...

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