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14-1 

Chapter 14 

Unbalance 

Introduction 

Unbalance displays phase relations between voltages and currents. Measuring results are 

based upon the fundamental frequency component (60 Hz, 50 Hz, or 400 Hz in Fluke 

437-II) using method of symmetrical components). In a 3-phase power system, the phase 

shift between voltages and between currents should be close to 120

°

. Unbalance mode 

offers a Meter screen, a related Trend display, Events tables, and a Phasor display. 

Phasor screen 

To access the Unbalance Phasor screen: 

c

 

MENU

 

 

 

 

d

 

 

 

 

e

 

ENTER

 

 

 

 

1.800.868.7495

[email protected]

Fluke-Direct

.ca

Summary of Contents for 434-II

Page 1: ...gy and Power Quality Analyzer Users Manual EN January 2012 rev 1 06 12 2012 Fluke Corporation All rights reserved Printed in the EU All product names are trademarks of their respective companies 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 2: ...1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 3: ... 1 Introduction 3 1 General Measurements 3 1 Measuring modes to investigate details 3 2 Logging of Measuring Values in Meter Screens 3 3 4 Basic Operations and Menu Navigation 4 1 Introduction 4 1 Tilt Stand and Hang Strap 4 2 Powering the Analyzer 4 3 Installation and Replacement of a Battery Pack 4 4 SD Memory Card 4 5 Initial Setup 4 5 Display Brightness 4 6 Locking the keyboard 4 6 Menu Naviga...

Page 4: ... 8 3 Tips and Hints 8 4 9 Dips Swells 9 1 Introduction 9 1 Trend 9 3 Events Tables 9 5 Tips and Hints 9 6 10 Harmonics 10 1 Introduction 10 1 Bar Graph Screen 10 1 Meter screen 10 3 Trend 10 4 Tips and Hints 10 4 11 Power Energy 11 1 Introduction 11 1 Meter screen 11 2 Trend 11 3 Tips and Hints 11 4 12 Energy Loss Calculator 12 1 Introduction 12 1 Energy Loss Calculator Display 12 2 Meter 12 3 Tip...

Page 5: ...Screen 16 7 Tips and Hints 16 8 17 Flicker 17 1 Introduction 17 1 Meter screen 17 1 Trend 17 2 Tips and Hints 17 3 18 Transients 18 1 Introduction 18 1 Waveform Display 18 2 Tips and Hints 18 3 19 Power Wave 19 1 Introduction 19 1 Power Wave Screen 19 1 Meter screen 19 3 Waveform screen 19 3 Tips and Hints 19 4 20 Mains Signaling 20 1 Introduction 20 1 Trend 20 2 Events Table 20 3 Tips and Hints 2...

Page 6: ...ANUAL SETUP 24 6 Manual Setup How to change the wiring configuration 24 10 Manual Setup How to change scale of Scope Display 24 11 Limits Adjustments 24 13 25 Using Memory and PC 25 1 Introduction 25 1 Using memory 25 1 Use of PC 25 4 26 Tips and Maintenance 26 1 Introduction 26 1 Cleaning the Analyzer and its Accessories 26 1 Storing the Analyzer 26 1 Keeping the Battery in Good Condition 26 1 In...

Page 7: ...7 II Three Phase Energy and Power Quality Analyzer hereafter referred to as Analyzer This concerns Warranty and Liability Conditions Shipment Note Survey of items that should be included in your Analyzer Kit Contacting a Fluke Service Center Safety Information Read First Safe Use of Li ion Battery Pack 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 8: ...thorized service center within the warranty period To obtain warranty service contact your nearest Fluke authorized service center or send the product with a description of the difficulty postage and insurance prepaid FOB Destination to the nearest Fluke authorized service center Fluke assumes no risk for damage in transit Following warranty repair the product will be returned to Buyer transportat...

Page 9: ... the standard product The contents of a special version may be different The difference is indicated in a Manual Supplement that is part of the shipment Note When new the Analyzer s rechargeable Li ion battery is not charged Refer to Chapter 4 Powering the Analyzer Figure 1 1 Contents of Analyzer Kit 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 10: ...r visit us on the World Wide Web at www fluke com or call Fluke using any of the phone numbers listed below 1 888 993 5853 in the U S and Canada 31 40 2675200 in Europe 1 425 446 5500 from other countries Safety Information Read First The Fluke 434 II 435 II 437 II Three Phase Energy and Power Quality Analyzer complies with IEC EN61010 1 2001 CAN CSA C22 2 No 61010 1 04 including cCSAus approval U...

Page 11: ...can be compromised Use only insulated current probes test leads and adapters as supplied with the Analyzer or indicated as suitable for the Fluke 434 II 435 II 437 II Analyzer Keep fingers behind the finger guards on the probes Before use inspect the Analyzer voltage probes test leads and accessories for mechanical damage and replace when damaged Look for cracks or missing plastic Pay special atte...

Page 12: ...lug connectors Do not insert metal objects into connectors Use only the power supply Model BC430 Power Adapter Before use check that the selected indicated voltage range on the BC430 matches the local line power voltage and frequency refer to figure below If necessary set the slider switch of the BC430 to the correct voltage For the BC430 use only AC line plug adapters or AC line cords that comply...

Page 13: ...ng with the applicable National Requirements may be provided to alter the blade configurations for a specific country Safe Use of Li ion Battery Pack The Battery Pack Fluke model BP29x has been tested in accordance with the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria Part III Subsection 38 3 ST SG AC 10 11 Rev 3 more commonly known as the UN T1 T8 tests and have been found to comply with the stated criteria T...

Page 14: ...e External Battery Charger Do not short circuit a Battery Pack Do not keep Battery Packs in a place where the terminals can be shorted by metal objects e g coins paperclips pens or other Never use a Battery Pack or charger showing visible damage Batteries contain hazardous chemicals that can cause burns or explode If exposure to chemicals occurs clean with water en get medical aid Repair the produ...

Page 15: ...by mail The package must be marked as follows PACKAGE CONTAINS LITHIUM ION BATTERIES NO LITHIUM METAL Recommendations to safe disposal of a Battery Pack A failed Battery Pack shall be properly disposed of in accordance with local regulations Dispose of properly do not dispose of the battery as unsorted municipal waste Go to Fluke s website for recycling information Dispose in discharged condition ...

Page 16: ...Fluke 434 II 435 II 437 II Users Manual 1 10 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 17: ...on Transients Users Manual Contents Introduction Title Table of Contents Chapter 1 General Aspects Warranty and Liability Shipment Note Contacting a Service Center Safety information Read First Safe Use of Li ion Battery Pack Chapter 2 Overview of manual contents this chapter Chapter 3 Summary of measuring modes and how to use them in a logical order Chapter 4 Basic operations Tilt Stand and Hang ...

Page 18: ...ts and data formats How to make hard copies of measurement results and setup of communication with PC Chapter 26 Tips and Maintenance Cleaning Storage Batteries Installation of options Replaceable parts Troubleshooting Chapter 27 Specifications Electrical Mechanical and Safety characteristics Appendices Measurement principles of Power Measurement and Energy Loss Calculation Installing USB Drivers ...

Page 19: ...e U Unstable symbol shows in the screen header Moreover the timer counts down from 10 seconds A measurement has no unstable period when used with a timed start Fluke 435 II and 437 II have additional features such as Flicker Transients Power Wave Mains Signaling Wave Event Rms Event and 0 1 voltage input accuracy Moreover Fluke 437 II has additional features such as Shipboard V A Hz and the possib...

Page 20: ...and THD Total Harmonic Distortion Harmonics Use Harmonics mode to check for voltage and current harmonics and THD per phase Use Trend to record harmonics over time Flicker Use Flicker to check short and long term voltage flicker and related data per phase Use Trend to record these values over time Dips Swells Use Dips Swells to record sudden voltage changes as short as half a cycle Frequency Shoul...

Page 21: ...s stopped by operation of function key F5 HOLD the logged data is saved on SD card as Measurement xx The measurement data is available via the MEMORY key and function key F1 RECALL DELETE Next use the up down arrow keys to select the desired measurement and open it with function key F5 RECALL The logged values are visible under F3 TREND Cursor and Zoom can be used to zoom in on signal details If y...

Page 22: ...Fluke 434 II 435 II 437 II Users Manual 3 4 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 23: ...eneral aspects of the Analyzer s operation Tilt Stand and Hang Strap Powering the Analyzer Installation and Replacement of a Battery Pack SD Memory Card Display Brightness Locking the keyboard Menu navigation Display Contrast Reset to Factory Defaults 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 24: ...own in this Figure is the location of the USB Interface connector This interface also allows RS 232 communication with GPS430 option Mini USB Figure 4 1 Tilt stand and location of USB interface connector A hang strap is supplied with the Analyzer The figure below shows how to attach the strap correctly to the Analyzer Figure 4 2 Fixing the hang strap 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direc...

Page 25: ...d with the Analyzer Before use check that the voltage and frequency as indicated on the Power Adapter and in the accompanying Instruction Sheet match with local line power If required set the slider switch of the Power Adapter to the correct voltage Connect the Power Adapter to the ac outlet Connect the Power Adapter to the INPUT for the Power Adapter input on the right top side of the Analyzer To...

Page 26: ...r clockwise as shown in Figure 4 3 Lift the standup and battery cover and remove it Figure 4 4 Lift one side of the battery and remove it Figure 4 5 Install a battery and close the cover turn the screws a quarter turn clockwise All measurement data that is stored on the SD Memory Card will stay available when the Analyzer is disconnected from its power sources As an option a double capacity batter...

Page 27: ...d press it in the direction of the arrow shown in the compartment Also the correct position of the Card is shown there Remark the standard battery can stay in place during exchange of a Memory Card A Double Capacity battery however must be removed to get access to the Memory Card Note To avoid malfunctioning of the Memory Card do not touch its contacts Initial Setup When you power the Analyzer for...

Page 28: ...tions Active Function key selections are highlighted with a black background How to use the menus is illustrated in the example below on how to adjust the Analyzer for use with a certain printer type SETUP The SETUP menu pops up F1 Submenu SETUP USER PREF appears Highlight RS 232 ENTER The PRINTER submenu appears In this menu you can adjust PC communication baudrate Adjust the required transmissio...

Page 29: ...ower off then press and hold SAVE SCREEN and turn on again You should hear a double beep OR Use submenu SETUP USER PREF as a starting point How to get there is explained above under Menu Navigation F1 Press to start the reset to default settings Because of the risk of unwanted erasure of data a confirm menu pops up F5 Press to confirm the reset 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 30: ...Fluke 434 II 435 II 437 II Users Manual 4 8 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 31: ...n are explained in this chapter Details that are specific for a certain measuring mode are presented in the chapter explaining that mode The screen header is presented in the selected information language The figure below gives an overview of the screen types 1 6 common features are explained under A F Figure 5 1 Survey of Display Types 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 32: ... is stopped Used for all measurements except Monitor Ch 16 and Power Wave Ch 19 2 Trend screen this type of screen is related to a Meter screen Trend shows the course over time of measuring values from the Meter screen After selection of a measuring mode the Analyzer starts recording all readings in the Meter screen Used for all measurements 3 Waveform screen shows voltage and current waveforms as...

Page 33: ... 50 60 Hz The indication is of use for rms based readings Time that a measurement has been going on Format hours minutes seconds When waiting for a timed start time counts down with prefix Measurement may be unstable E g applicable for frequency readout during absence of voltage at reference phase A L1 Indicates according to IEC61000 4 30 flagging convention that a dip swell or interruption has oc...

Page 34: ...time Nominal line voltage and frequency are a reference for the measurements GPS signal strength indicator Number of phases and wiring configuration for the measurement Name of the limits used for the power quality MONITOR and Event Detection F Softkey text area softkey functions that can be selected with F1 F5 are indicated in white Functions currently not available are indicated in gray Active F...

Page 35: ...TUP WIZARD Refer to Chapter 24 for more information The actual setup is shown in the welcome screen that appears after power up To change the setup refer to Chapter 24 Input Connections The Analyzer has 4 BNC inputs for current clamps and 5 banana inputs for voltages Note use only the current clamps as supplied or clamps that are recommended for safe use with the Analyzer These clamps have a plast...

Page 36: ...wn in Figure 6 2 Figure 6 2 Connection of Analyzer to 3 phase distribution system First put the current clamps around the conductors of phase A L1 B L2 C L3 and N eutral The clamps are marked with an arrow indicating the correct signal polarity Next make the voltage connections start with Ground and then in succession N A L1 B L2 and C L3 For correct measuring results always connect the Ground inp...

Page 37: ...ration of the power system you want to measure This is explained in Chapter 24 General Settings Scope Waveform and Phasor display are useful to check if voltage leads and current clamps are connected correctly In the vector diagram the phase voltages and currents A L1 B L2 and C L3 should appear in sequence when observing them in clockwise direction as shown in the example in Figure 6 3 Figure 6 3...

Page 38: ...Fluke 434 II 435 II 437 II Users Manual 6 4 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 39: ...orm To access the Scope Waveform screen c SCOPE The Scope Waveform screen offers an oscilloscope style of display of voltage and or current waveforms with a fast update rate The screen header shows the related rms voltage current values 10 12 cycle rms or 150 180 cycle rms Four waveform periods are displayed Channel A L1 is the reference channel Available function keys F1 Selection of waveform set...

Page 40: ...re are separate adjustments for PHASE and NEUTRAL to be selected with F3 Also the PHASOR rotation indication can be set to your preference Press in sequence the SETUP key F4 MANUAL SETUP F3 FUNCTION PREFerence Use the up down arrow keys to select Phasor and the left right arrow keys to select pos itive or neg ative Scope Phasor To access the Phasor screen d F3 The Phasor screen displays the phase ...

Page 41: ...isplay The rms voltages and frequency should be close to their nominal values Waveform and Phasor display are also useful to check if voltage leads and current clamps are connected correctly In the vector diagram the phase voltages A L1 B L2 and C L3 should appear in sequence at equal distance 120 degrees Current vectors should have the same direction as the voltage vector with usually less than 3...

Page 42: ...Fluke 434 II 435 II 437 II Users Manual 7 4 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 43: ...NTER The Meter screen gives an overview of voltages and currents in all phases The rms voltages are shown neutral to line and line to line Also frequency and Crest Factors are shown The Crest Factor CF indicates the amount of distortion a CF of 1 41 means no distortion and higher than 1 8 means high distortion Use this screen to get a first impression of power system performance before examining t...

Page 44: ...d screen For description see below F4 Access to the Events screen The number of events that occurred is shown For description see below F5 Switch between HOLD and RUN of screen update Switching from HOLD to RUN invokes a menu to select immediate NOW or TIMED start time which allows you to define start and duration of the measurement Trend To access the VOLTS AMPS HERTZ Trend screen e F3 All values...

Page 45: ...P F1 TREND SCALE Use the up down arrow keys to select the item to be adjusted and the left right arrow keys to adjust There are separate adjustments for PHASE and NEUTRAL to be selected with Function key F3 See Chapter 24 for more information Events To access the VOLTS AMPS HERTZ Events screen f F4 The Events table lists all threshold crossings of phase voltages Thresholds according to internation...

Page 46: ... 480 V 60 Hz or 50 Hz The voltages and currents in the Meter screen can e g be used to check if power applied to a 3 phase induction motor is in balance Voltage unbalance causes high unbalanced currents in stator windings resulting in overheating and reduced motor life Each of the phase voltages should not differ more than 1 from the average of the three Current unbalance should not exceed 10 In c...

Page 47: ...oltage uses measured values filtered with a 1 minute time constant During a dip the voltage drops during a swell the voltage rises In three phase systems a dip begins when the voltage on one or more phases drops below the dip threshold and ends when all phases are equal to or above the dip threshold plus hysteresis The trigger conditions for dips and swells are threshold and hysteresis Dips and sw...

Page 48: ...SHOLD Figure 9 3 Characteristics of a voltage interruption Rapid voltage changes are quick transitions of the rms voltage between two steady states Rapid voltage changes are captured based on steady voltage tolerance steady time minimum step detected and minimum rate s When a voltage change crosses the dip or swell thresholds it is considered a dip or swell and not a rapid voltage change Additiona...

Page 49: ...e Figure 9 4 Characteristics of a rapid voltage change In addition to the voltage also current is recorded This allows you to see cause and effect of deviations Function key F4 EVENTS accesses event tables where voltage events are listed in sequence Trend To access to the Dips Swells Trend screen c MENU d e ENTER 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 50: ...graph Logging of Measuring Values for more information Cursor When the Cursor is on the Trend values at the Cursor are displayed in the screen header Moving the Cursor off the left or right side of the screen brings the next of six screens into the viewing area Zoom Allows you to expand or shrink the display vertically or horizontally to view details or to fit a complete graph within the screen ar...

Page 51: ...in the horizontal mid of screen RMS EVENT in Fluke 435 II and 437 II gives a trend display with the event in the mid of screen provided that there is sufficient data available after the event In Normal mode major event characteristics are listed start time duration and voltage magnitude Detail shows details of threshold crossings per phase The following Abbreviations and Symbols are used in the ta...

Page 52: ...hts to flicker or even show visible dimming It may cause reset and loss of data in computer systems and process controllers By monitoring the voltage and current trend at the power service entrance you can find out if the cause of the voltage dip is inside or outside the building The cause is inside the building downstream when voltage drops while current rises it is outside upstream when both vol...

Page 53: ...ge of all harmonics combined rms value or as rms value Results may be viewed in a Bar Graph display a Meter screen or a Trend display Harmonics are often caused by non linear loads such as switched mode power supplies in computers TV s and adjustable speed motor drives Harmonics can cause transformers conductors and motors to overheat Note the number of harmonics is limited to DC and harmonics 1 1...

Page 54: ...monics Harmonics Interharmonics All phase display 1 17 1 9 Single phase display 1 50 1 25 The left right arrow keys are used to position the Cursor on a particular bar The screen header will show for that bar phase identifier harmonic number frequency and phase angle If not all bars are shown on the screen you can bring the next set within the viewing area by moving the Cursor off the left or righ...

Page 55: ... down arrow keys to scroll all measurements within the viewing area The Events table attainable under Function key F4 lists all threshold crossings of phase voltages Thresholds according to international standards or user definable thresholds can be used Threshold adjustment is reached via the SETUP key and Limits For detailed information see Chapter 24 Limits Adjustments Available function keys F...

Page 56: ... Trend screen F2 Access to cursor and zoom menu F3 Return to Meter screen F4 Access to events tables F5 Switch between HOLD and RUN of screen update Switching from HOLD to RUN invokes a menu to select immediate NOW or TIMED start time which allows you to define start and duration of the measurement Tips and Hints The harmonic number indicates the harmonic frequency the first harmonic is the fundam...

Page 57: ...ro sequence current harmonics add in Neutral conductors This can cause overheating of these conductors Distortion Current distortion is to be expected in a system with non linear loads like DC power supplies When the current distortion starts to cause voltage distortion THD of more than 5 this signals a potential problem K factor this is an indication of the amount of harmonic currents and can hel...

Page 58: ...Fluke 434 II 435 II 437 II Users Manual 10 6 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 59: ...of use for rms based measurements Refer to chapter 24 for detailed information Power measurement can be done according to the methods Unified and Classic Selection between both methods is done in the FUNCTION PREF menu Unified uses algoritms according to the unified method in accordance to IEEE 1149 as developed at the Polytechnical University of Valencia The method allows to measure real power kW...

Page 60: ...r Fundamental real power W or kW fund the fundamental frequency is used Fundamental apparent power VA kVA fund the fundamental frequency is used Cos ϕ or DPF cos ϕ is phase angle between fundamental voltage and current DPF is W fund VA fund Energy measurements include Active energy Wh kWh Apparent energy VAh kVAh Reactive energy varh kvarh Forward energy Wh kWh forw energy consumed Reverse energy ...

Page 61: ...The figures in the Meter screen are instantaneous values that update constantly Changes in these values over time are recorded whenever the measurement is active All values in the Meter screen are recorded but the Trends from each row in the Meter screen are displayed one at a time The arrow keys are assigned to scroll the Trend screen The traces build up from the right side The readings in the he...

Page 62: ...ook at the Trend and find out if there are times that the transformer is overloaded You can transfer loads to other transformers stagger the timing of loads or if necessary replace the transformer with a larger one Interpretation of Power Factor when measured at a device PF 0 to 1 not all supplied power is consumed a certain amount of reactive power is present Current leads capacitive load or lags...

Page 63: ...etermine on forehand the savings due to active filtering or other system improvements Distortion kVA due to harmonics is real power W minus fundamental power W fund Neutral A Loss due to currents in neutral conductor Besides from being a possible source for unsafe situations such as overheating large current that flows in the Neutral conductor of the system will cause losses too The Analyzer will ...

Page 64: ...hapter 24 Setup Available function keys F1 Access to menu to adjust cable data tariff currency F2 Access to menu to adjust cable data tariff currency F3 Access to Meter screen For description see below F4 Access to menu to adjust cable data tariff currency F5 Switch between HOLD and RUN of screen update Switching from HOLD to RUN invokes a menu to select immediate NOW or TIMED start time which all...

Page 65: ...uctor resistance var indicates loss due to reactive power unb indicates loss due to sytem unbalance harm indicates loss due to harmonics An indicates loss due to current in the Neutral conductor kWh forward is the energy taken from the distribution network kWh reverse is the energy supplied to the distribution network The figures in the Meter screen are instantaneous values that update constantly ...

Page 66: ...wer VA kVA that does not include both var and W Unbalanced powers and harmonic power are included in Watt measurement of energy usage meters so that the user has to pay for it But these powers can not be converted effectively into mechanical energy and are therefore considered loss Increasing the diameter of conductors reduces copper loss Effective kW If harmonics are present consult a qualified e...

Page 67: ...ficiency requires balanced voltages in a three wire delta configuration To check voltage balance on the inverter output you can use the Voltage Unbalance function Chapter 14 Voltage Unbalance Vneg should be less than 0 5 For Power Inverter Efficiency it is not required to have balanced currents Unbalance Aneg up to 100 is allowed The measurement is started with a clear diagram how to connect curre...

Page 68: ...Up down arrow keys are assigned to scroll Meter screen F3 Access to the Trend screen For description see below F5 Switch between HOLD and RUN of screen update Switching from HOLD to RUN invokes a menu to select immediate NOW or TIMED start time which allows you to define start and duration of the measurement 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 69: ... Access to cursor and zoom menu F3 Return to Meter screen Tips and Hints Power Inverter Efficiency measurement is a useful tool to analyze how good an inverter is functioning A good inverter should have an efficiency over 90 Bear in mind that an inverter usually has its highest efficiency when used between 40 to 70 of its peak power If an inverter is always used at 100 of its maximum power you may...

Page 70: ...Fluke 434 II 435 II 437 II Users Manual 13 4 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 71: ... or 400 Hz in Fluke 437 II using method of symmetrical components In a 3 phase power system the phase shift between voltages and between currents should be close to 120 Unbalance mode offers a Meter screen a related Trend display Events tables and a Phasor display Phasor screen To access the Unbalance Phasor screen c MENU d e ENTER 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 72: ...te Switching from HOLD to RUN invokes a menu to select immediate NOW or TIMED start time which allows you to define start and duration of the measurement Meter Screen f F2 The Meter screen shows all relevant numerical values negative voltage unbalance percentage zero sequence voltage unbalance percentage in 4 wire systems negative current unbalance percentage zero sequence current unbalance percen...

Page 73: ... start and duration of the measurement Cursor When the Cursor is on the Trend values at the Cursor are displayed in the screen header Moving the Cursor off the left or right side of the screen brings the next data into the viewing area when available Zoom Allows you to expand or shrink the display vertically or horizontally to view details or to fit a complete graph within the screen area Zoom and...

Page 74: ...power system Each three phase voltage or current can be split up into three components positive sequence negative sequence and zero sequence The positive sequence component is the normal component such as present in balanced 3 phase systems The negative sequence component results from unbalanced phase to phase currents and voltages This component for instance causes a braking effect in 3 phase mot...

Page 75: ...up current in induction motors can be ten times the normal working current Inrush is a single shot mode that records current and voltage Trends after a current event the trigger has occurred An event occurs when the current waveform exceeds adjustable limits The display builds up from the right of the screen Pretrigger information allows you to see what occurred in advance of the inrush Inrush Tre...

Page 76: ...r are displayed A Meter screen shows half cycle rms for voltage Vrms and current Arms Set the duration to a value higher than the expected inrush duration to assure that the event is completely captured Duration is selectable from 1 to 45 minutes The inrush starts when the Arms of one of the phases is higher than the threshold The inrush ends when the Arms is lower than the threshold minus the hys...

Page 77: ...done with the up down arrow keys Press function key F1 to assign the arrow keys to this The adjustment menu is reached via the SETUP key F4 MANUAL SETUP F3 FUNCTION PREF and F2 INRUSH You can set up the default values of the trigger limits expected inrush time nominal current threshold hysteresis To set Offset and Span of the half cycle rms voltage and current Trend display press SETUP key F4 MANU...

Page 78: ...in the power distribution system can withstand the inrush current during this period Check also if phase voltages stay stable enough High peak currents can cause circuit breakers to trip unexpectedly Measuring Inrush Current can help in setting trip levels Since the Analyzer simultaneously captures Inrush Current and Voltage Trends you can use this measurement to check voltage stability as large l...

Page 79: ...nbalance Frequency Mains Signaling Monitor is started via a menu to select immediate or timed start of the measurement When selecting timed start synchronisation with the 10 minute real time clock is used Timed start in combination with the optional GPS Synchronisation Unit GPS430 will give Class A timing accuracy Figure 16 1 shows the bar graph screen and its properties Note Monitor is not availa...

Page 80: ... the phases A L1 B L2 and C L3 The parameters Dips Interruptions Rapid Voltage Changes Swells and Unbalance Frequency have a single bar for each parameter representing performance across three phases For Mains Signaling there is a single bar in the Main screen representing performance across three phases and for frequency 1 and 2 Separate bars per phase and for frequency 1 and 2 are available in t...

Page 81: ... of limits or define your own The pre defined set is that according to the EN50160 standard You can define your own set of limits and save it in memory under a user definable file name As a basis for this set you can use EN50160 or any other set Refer to Chapter 24 Paragraph Limits Adjustments for a description The table below gives a survey of the aspects of Power Quality Monitoring Parameter Ava...

Page 82: ...the Cursor on a particular Bar Graph Measuring data belonging to the bar is shown in the screen header Detailed measurement data is available under the Function keys F1 rms voltage trends events table F2 Harmonics bar graphs events table trends F3 Flicker trends events table F4 Dips Interruptions Rapid voltage changes and Swells trends events table F5 Unbalance Frequency and Mains Signaling bar gr...

Page 83: ...on keys F1 Up down arrow keys are assigned to scroll Trend screen F2 Access to Events menu The number of events that occurred is shown F3 Access to cursor and zoom menu F4 Return to bar graph screen F5 Switch between HOLD and RUN of screen update Switching from HOLD to RUN invokes a menu to select immediate NOW or TIMED start time which allows you to define start and duration of the measurement Ev...

Page 84: ...Low value of x limit has been violated Hx Number of the harmonic that violated its limits Unbalance event TRA Transient Change upwards AMP Amp value exceeded Change downwards Available function keys F1 Switch to wave event display this will show a 4 cycle waveform around the selected event Available in HOLD F2 Switch to rms event display this will show the cycle rms trend around the selected event...

Page 85: ...ain system monitor display shows the strongest harmonic for each of the three phases Function key F2 brings up a screen with Bar Graphs showing the percentage of time each phase spent within limits for 25 harmonics and Total Harmonic Distortion THD Each Bar Graph has a wide base representing an adjustable limit of e g 95 and a narrow top representing the limit of 100 A Bar Graph changes from green...

Page 86: ... For compliance to international standards averaging time for Vrms and Harmonics are 10 minutes This allows you to obtain a good impression of power quality but is less suitable for troubleshooting For troubleshooting the measuring functions like Dips and Swells or Logger are more suitable 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 87: ...g flicker of a 60 W lamp A high flicker reading means that most people would find the luminance changes irritating The voltage variation can be relatively small The measurement is optimized to lamps powered by 120 V 60 Hz or 230 V 50 Hz Flicker is characterized per phase by the parameters shown in a Meter screen The related Trend screen shows the changes in all measuring values in the Meter screen...

Page 88: ...s shown F5 Switch between HOLD and RUN of screen update Switching from HOLD to RUN invokes a menu to select immediate NOW or TIMED start time which allows you to define start and duration of the measurement Trend To access Flicker Trend screen f F3 The parameters in the Meter screen update over time They are recorded whenever the measurement is on Trend displays the changes in these values over ti...

Page 89: ... are adjustable The adjustment menu is reached via the SETUP key F4 MANUAL SETUP F1 TREND SCALE The lamp model can be adjusted via the SETUP key F4 MANUAL SETUP F3 FUNCTION PREF Use the up down arrow keys to select Flicker Lamp model and the left right arrow keys to select the desired model See Chapter 24 FUNCTION PREFerences Tips and Hints Use instantaneous flicker Pinst trend and half cycle volt...

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Page 91: ...s are fast spikes on the voltage waveform Transients can have so much energy that sensitive electronic equipment can be affected or even damaged The Transients screen looks similar to that of Scope Waveform but its vertical span is enlarged to make voltage spikes visible that are superimposed on the 60 or 50 Hz sinewave A waveform is captured each time that the voltage or rms current exceeds adjus...

Page 92: ...Fluke 434 II 435 II 437 II Users Manual 18 2 Waveform Display To access the Transients Waveform screen c MENU d F2 e f ENTER g F3 h F5 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 93: ...an considered as default setup and is reached via the SETUP key F4 MANUAL SETUP use the up down arrow keys to select limits and press ENTER Adjustment for transient level dV dt and Arms are available in the Start screen Cursor and Zoom can be used to investigate details of captured waveforms Available function keys F1 Up down arrow keys are assigned to scroll Trend screen F2 Access to cursor and z...

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Page 95: ...half cycle rms values on 8 channels frequency and instantaneous power Vrms Arms W Hz and scope waveforms for Voltage Amps Watts Note Power Wave records a long waveform while Scope Waveform displays 4 periods of the momentary waveform Note Power Wave is not available for measuremens in 400 Hz power systems such as offered in Fluke 437 II Power Wave Screen To access the Power Wave screen c MENU d F2...

Page 96: ...o RUN invokes a menu to select Immediate or Timed Start and Duration of the measurement Cursor When the Cursor is on the Trend values at the Cursor are displayed in the screen header Moving the Cursor off the left or right side of the screen allows scrolling of the trend on screen Cursor is only active in Hold Zoom Allows you to expand or shrink the display vertically to view details or to fit a c...

Page 97: ... from the Trend screen position the cursor on the area of interest Then press F4 WAVE to open waveform display at this area Use the left right arrow keys to move the cursor and to scroll all recorded waveforms The maximum recording time is about 5 minutes The time of the displayed waveform at the cursor position is shown in the status line in the bottom of the screen Available function keys F1 Sel...

Page 98: ...g a time span of several minutes This allows you to monitor the influence of sudden load changes on voltage and current waveforms An example is switch on or off of big motors or welding machines Big voltage changes may indicate a weak power distribution system 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 99: ...e occurrence signal level of control signals with 2 different frequencies The frequency range is 70 0 3000 0 Hz for 60 Hz systems and 60 0 2500 0 Hz for 50 Hz systems Selection of Frequency 1 and frequency 2 is attainable via key sequence SETUP F4 MANUAL SETUP select Limits with the up down arrow keys ENTER F3 EDIT select Mains Signaling with the up down arrow keys and press ENTER Next use the arr...

Page 100: ...w keys you can select readout as a percentage of nominal line voltage or as a 3 second average voltage V3s The Neutral conductor is not used for Mains Signaling but is shown for troubleshoot purposes Available function keys F1 Up down arrow keys are assigned to select a set of trends and the belonging readout F2 Cursor on off F3 Assign the arrow keys to Cursor or Zoom operation F4 Access to Events...

Page 101: ...function key F3 FUNCTION PREF See Chapter 24 FUNCTION PREFerences Events Table To access the Mains Signaling events table g F4 The events table shows in Normal mode the events V3s above the limit that occurred during the measurement Date time type phase signal 1 or signal 2 level and duration of each event are listed In Detail mode additional information is given on threshold crossings Available f...

Page 102: ...rgy supplier for information on what frequencies are used for Mains Signaling in your area EN 50160 shows the Meister_Kurve for the allowed 3 second average voltage V3s as a function of frequency Limits should be programmed accordingly 0 1 1 1 10 10 100 Frequency in kHz Voltage level in percent Figure 20 1 Meister Kurve acc to EN50160 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 103: ...elect the Interval time 0 25 s 2 Hr the readings to be logged the maximum duration of the logging 1 Hr Max and Immediate or Timed start of logging Readings are displayed in a Meter screen a Trend screen and an Events Table Start Menu To access the Logger Start Menu c LOGGER The set of readings to be logged is selectable in the menu under function key F1 SETUP READINGS The reading selection list fo...

Page 104: ...ou press F4 REMOVE the reading is removed from the list of active readings With F3 MOVE you can move a certain reading to a higher position in the list of selected readings When ready press F5 OK Available function keys in Start menu F1 Access to Readings Select menu F2 Access to the menu to define the name of the file with logging data F5 Start of the logging and access to Logging Trend screen Me...

Page 105: ...enu to stop the logging Cursor When the Cursor is on the Trend values at the Cursor are displayed in the screen header Moving the Cursor off the left or right side of the screen brings the next screens into the viewing area Cursor is only active in Hold mode Zoom Allows you to expand or shrink the display vertically or horizontally to view details or to fit a complete graph within the screen area ...

Page 106: ...cted event Rms event shows the cycle rms trend around the selected event Wave event and rms event are available in Fluke 435 II and 437 II The following Abbreviations and Symbols are used in the tables Abbreviation Description Symbol Description CHG Rapid Voltage Change Rising voltage edge DIP Voltage Dip Falling voltage edge INT Voltage Interruption Change upwards SWL Voltage Swell Change downwar...

Page 107: ...ng functions that are useful for shipboard installations The measuring results comply with the requirements of the military standard MIL STD 1399 300B The related Trend screen shows the changes over time of all values in the Meter screen Events such as dips and swells are listed in a table Meter screen To access the Shipboard V A Hz Meter screen c MENU d F2 e 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fl...

Page 108: ...al components see IEC61000 4 30 Imbalance uses the maximum deviation from the average current Hz Frequency Hz 10s Frequency 10s Hz tol Frequency tolerance absolute Hz tol Frequency tolerance relative Hz mod Frequency modulation absolute Hz mod Frequency modulation relative Use the up down arrow keys to scroll the Meter screen The figures in the Meter screen are present values that may update const...

Page 109: ...e up down arrow keys to row selection The traces build up from the right side Readings in the header correspond to the most recent values plotted on the right Available function keys F1 Up down arrow keys are assigned to scroll Trend screen F2 Access to cursor and zoom menu F3 Return to Meter screen F4 Access to Events menu The number of events that occurred is shown For description see below F5 S...

Page 110: ...phase voltages Thresholds according to international standards or user definable thresholds can be used Threshold adjustment is reached via the SETUP key and Limits For detailed information see Chapter 23 Limits Adjustments In Normal mode major event characteristics are listed start time duration and voltage magnitude Detail shows details of threshold crossings per phase The following Abbreviation...

Page 111: ...splayed in the screen header Zoom allows you to stretch and shrink the graph to get a better view of details Horizontal Zoom is available for Waveform and Trend Put the Analyzer in HOLD mode if Cursor cannot be switched on Cursor on Waveform Displays As an example the Scope Waveform display is used Cursor and Zoom for the Transients screen function in the same way Figure 23 1 shows the Scope Wavef...

Page 112: ...own in Figure 23 2 The up down arrow keys zoom in vertical direction Figure 23 3 Cursor on Trend Displays As an example the Volts Amps Hertz Trend display is used Cursor and Zoom for other Trend displays function in the same way Figure 23 4 shows the Trend screen with Cursor and Zoom switched off The screen header displays rms values of the Trends at the right screen side This is the screen side w...

Page 113: ...ally as shown in figure 23 6 The up down arrow keys do this in vertical direction If the Cursor is on horizontal zoom operates symmetrically around the Cursor when off horizontal zoom operates from the right screen side Press F1 to assign the arrow keys to select the Trend line s to be displayed Press F4 again to assign the arrow keys to Cursor operation From Events Table to Trend Display with Cur...

Page 114: ...ys the Cursor is always on Cursor and Zoom are operated with the arrow keys Use the left right arrow keys to position the Cursor on a certain bar The header shows relevant measuring data belonging to the bar In certain cases there are more bars available than can be displayed in one screen In the figure for instance 17 harmonics out of a total of 51 are displayed Positioning the Cursor across the ...

Page 115: ...e to adjust a number of general settings that match your local situation The table below gives an overview Setting Preset Value Information language English Nominal Frequency 60 Hz Nominal Voltage 120 V Phase Identification A B C Phase Colors A L1 B L2 C L3 N Ground Black Red Blue Gray Green Date Date Format Month Day Year Time 00 00 00 will not be reset after a Factory Default Starting in the LAN...

Page 116: ...r quality limits used and the type of voltage and current probes to be used Function key F1 gives access to a screen showing in detail how to connect voltage and current probes to the power system to be examined Figure 24 3 gives an example Press F1 again to return to the Welcome screen Figure 24 2 Welcome screen at power on Figure 24 3 Screen showing actual wiring configuration Press the SETUP ke...

Page 117: ...RD provides a guided tour along the general setups that are essential for a correct measurement This concerns following parameters wiring configuration nominal frequency nominal voltage the set of power quality limits used and the type of voltage and current probes to be used The probe scaling is done separately for Phase and Neutral Attainable under Function key F3 MANUAL SETUP this extensive men...

Page 118: ...ER PREFerences allows you to customize Information Language Phase Identification Phase Colors RS 232 baudrate settings Auto shut off of display backlight programming of User name address as shown in entry screen Reset of Analyzer to Factory Defaults Demo Mode on off display contrast and clearing of memories 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 119: ...ms when no keys are operated Press ENTER to confirm and next Function key F5 BACK to leave the menu 6 User id access to a menu to define 3 lines with user programmable text e g the owner s name site and address This text appears in the power on and SETUP entry screens Use the up down arrow keys to choose a character Use the left right arrow keys to choose the character position Use Function key F3...

Page 120: ...SETUP To access the MANUAL SETUP menus SETUP SETUP 1 ENTER 3 F1 F3 F2 F4 ENTER 5 ENTER 7 ENTER 9 8 2 4 6 10 11 12 13 14 MANUAL SETUP allows you to customize Analyzer settings related to the measurements 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 121: ...ys to select 100 V 120 V 230 V 400 V or any other voltage Press ENTER to confirm and Function key F5 BACK to return to next higher menu Limits see paragraph Limits Adjustments Clamp A range V scale adjustment of the Analyzer to the characteristics of current clamps and voltage leads The default selection is valid for the accessories as supplied with the Analyzer The supplied voltage leads are 1 1 ...

Page 122: ...t of the voltage and current range of the Scope display Separate adjustments are provided for Phase and Neutral selection is done with Function key F3 Function key F4 allows return to Default values A step by step example on how to change the scope scaling is given further on in this chapter 8 9 Function Preferences adjustment of functions related to Trend display Harmonics Dips Swells Flicker Pha...

Page 123: ...60Hz DPF Cos Φ DPF Cycle aggregation Interval 10 12 cycles 400 Hz 80 cycles fixed 10 12 cycles 150 160 cycles 3s 1 When K factor method is set to US then K factor e parameter and the K factor q parameter are disabled 10 Wave Capture available under Function key F1 parameters can be set here related with capture of voltage and current waveforms in modes such as Transients and Flicker In this menu F...

Page 124: ...d in ratio to the copper loss 14 Back available under Function key F5 Manual Setup How to change the wiring configuration Below you will find a step by step example on how to change wiring configuration to 3 phase WYE IT IT Interrupted Terra Interrupted Ground c SETUP The active configuration is indicated in text and in a diagram behind Config d F4 Note that a setup parameter is highlighted If req...

Page 125: ...test h F5 3x Return to Setup entry screen The new configuration is indicated behind Config and the belonging configuration symbol is shown on the right side of the screen Manual Setup How to change scale of Scope Display The example below shows stepwise how to adjust Scope display scaling of the phase voltages c The voltage waveforms of the Phases are outside the viewing window 1 800 868 7495 info...

Page 126: ... the Manual Setup screen f F2 Press function key F2 to access Scope display scaling g Use the left right arrow keys to increase e g to 300 V the Voltage range of the Scope display h SCOPE Return to the Scope display the voltage waveforms of the Phases are inside the viewing window 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 127: ...s Adjustments24 24 13 Limits Adjustments To navigate the Limits Setup menus F1 F3 F4 F5 1 6 7 F2 1 2 0 9 A Z ENTER 3 1 F5 2 1 F5 2 3 2 3 F5 4 5 4 1 F5 3 2 F1 F2 SETUP SETUP 1 2 F4 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 128: ...ow keys to select an item to be adjusted Then press the ENTER key to enter the adjustment submenu All adjustment items are listed in the table below 4 Use the arrow keys to select and edit limits Press Function key F5 to confirm selections and return to the Edit Limits menu Use Function keys F1 PREVious or F2 NEXT to move directly to an adjacent submenu When ready with editing the limits Press Fun...

Page 129: ...s week Interruptions Threshold hysteresis allowed number of interruptions week Reference voltage is Nominal Rapid Voltage Changes Allowed number of events week Voltage tolerance adjustable under FUNCTION PREFerence F3 RAPID CHANGE Unbalance For each harmonic 2 Probability percentages 100 and adjustable adjustable percentage with adjustable upper limit Frequency 2 Probability percentages 100 and ad...

Page 130: ...Fluke 434 II 435 II 437 II Users Manual 24 16 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 131: ...ust Limits menu 2 Save Task tasks include limits and analyzer setups Setups include the reading selections made for the Logger measurement 3 Save Screen are stored when operating the SAVE SCREEN key 4 Measurements they are automatically saved on the SD Card during the measurent Measurement data includes all trend data the task and the limits of the measurement Additionally the screen shown when th...

Page 132: ...next section Memory Operations Memory Operations The MEMORY button accesses menus to save recall view delete and print datasets and screenshots When you press the MEMORY button the current measurement is stopped and data is saved This action occurs via a confirm menu c MEMORY Available function keys F1 RECALL DELETE Accesses the submenu to view delete rename files and to use data files The submenu...

Page 133: ...he menu where you can view the highlighted screenshots and data sets Use the Function keys PREVious or NEXT to view other files Files are grouped in sequence of date and time For datasets the entry screen is shown Complete data within a dataset becomes available for investigation after you have pressed RECALL F5 F3 To delete the file highlighted with the up down arrow keys F4 To rename the file hi...

Page 134: ...ail about its features The interface connection is located behind a dust cover at the lower left corner of the Analyzer Mini USB Figure 25 1 Location of USB interface connector When started Power Log software automatically detects the Analyzer baudrate setting For other applications communication baudrate can be adjusted as follows press the SETUP key then Function key F1 USER PREFerence and then ...

Page 135: ... use abrasives solvents or alcohol These may damage the text Storing the Analyzer Before storing the Analyzer for an extended period of time it is recommended to charge the Li ion battery to a level of about 50 The charge level is attainable via key sequence SETUP F2 VERSION CAL F2 BATT INFO Keeping the Battery in Good Condition When the Analyzer is powered by the battery the battery condition sym...

Page 136: ... To order replacement parts or additional accessories contact your nearest Fluke Service Center Item Ordering Code Power Adapter BC430 Rechargeable Li ion battery 28 Wh BP290 Test Lead Set 2 5 m incl Alligator Clips 5 pieces TLS430 Flexible 6000 A AC Current Clamp Set 4 pieces i430 FLEXI TF 4PK Set with Color Coding Clips for Test Leads 2411463 Decal Set for Input Sockets Colored 4137197 Decal Set...

Page 137: ...p 2000 A 1 mV A and 200 A 10 mV A switcheable flexible i2000flex AC Current Clamp 3000 A 0 1 mV A 300 A 1 mV A and 30 A 10 mV A switcheable i3000s Flexible AC Current Clamp 3000 A i3000S flex AC DC Current Clamp 30 A 100 mV A i30s AC DC Current Clamp 300 A 1 mV A and 30 A 10 mV A switcheable i310s AC Current Clamp 400 A 1 mV A i400s AC Current Clamp 5 A i5s Flexible AC Current Clamp i430Flex Flexi...

Page 138: ...s Function key F1 Press the left more light or right less light arrow key for about five seconds to return to normal display Operation time of fully charged battery is too short The battery may be in poor condition This may improve after a full discharge and full charge cycle as explained in section Keeping the battery in good condition in this Chapter Detailed information on the battery condition...

Page 139: ... unless otherwise specified Specifications are based on a one year calibration cycle Environmental Data The environmental data mentioned in this manual are based on the results of the manufacturer s verification procedures Safety Characteristics The Analyzer has been designed and tested in accordance with standard EN61010 1 2nd edition 2001 Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurem...

Page 140: ...nge 0 3 0 Vpeak 0 3 97 Vrms sinewave selection x1 AC DC coupled 0 0 3 Vpeak 0 0 397 Vrms sinewave selection x10 AC coupled Range 0 5 Arms to 600 Arms with included i430flex TF with sensitivity 10x 5 Arms to 6000 Arms with included i430flex TF with sensitivity 1x 0 1 mV A to 1 V A and custom for use with optional ac or dc clamps Note sensitive x10 position gives more resolution but reduced range On...

Page 141: ...ly Phasor Available in all modes via Scope waveform display Default view for Unbalance mode Meter readings Available in all modes except Monitor provides tabulated view of all available readings Fully customizable up to 150 readings for Logger mode Trend graph Available in all modes except Transients Single vertical cursor with min max and average reading at cursor position Bar graph Available in ...

Page 142: ...Volts Plt Vrms Arms Hz dips swells interruptions rapid voltage changes unbalance and mains signalling All parameters are measured sumultaneously in accordance with EN50160 Flagging is applied according to IEC61000 4 30 to indicate unreliable readings due to dips or swells Note not supported for measurements at 400 Hz as offered in Fluke 437 II Flicker Pst 1min Pst Plt Pinst Vrms Arms Hz Note not a...

Page 143: ...F 1x i430flex TF 10x 1 mV A 1x 1 mV A 10x 5 6000 A ac only 0 5 600 A ac only 5 2000 A 0 5 200 A ac only 1 A 0 1 A 1 A 0 1 A 0 5 5 counts 0 5 5 counts 0 5 5 counts 0 5 5 counts Apk i430flex TF Apk 1 mV A 8400 Apk 5500 Apk 1 Arms 1 Arms 5 5 A Crest Factor CF 1 10 0 01 5 Arms i430flex TF 1x i430flex TF 10x 1 mV A 1x 1 mV A 10x 5 6000 A ac only 0 5 600 A ac only 5 2000 A 0 5 200 A ac only 1 A 0 1 A 1 ...

Page 144: ...e accuracy Harmonics Measurement Range Resolution Accuracy Harmonic order n DC 1 50 Grouping Harmonic groups according to IEC 61000 4 7 Inter Harmonic order Off 1 50 Grouping Harmonic and Interharmonic subgroups according to IEC 61000 4 7 Volts f 0 0 100 0 0 1 0 1 n x 0 1 Volts r 0 0 100 0 0 1 0 1 n x 0 4 Volts Absolute 0 0 1000 V 0 1 V 5 Volts THD 0 0 100 0 0 1 2 5 Amps f 0 0 100 0 0 1 0 1 n x 0 ...

Page 145: ...r selectable default setting 7 days Averaging time 0 25 s to 2 hrs user selectable default 1s 10 minutes when using Monitor mode Memory Data is stored on SD card 8 GB incuded 32 GB max Events Fluke 434 II Fluke 435 II 437 II Tabulated in event list Tabulated in event list including 50 601 waveform cycles and 7 5s cycle rms Voltage and Amps trend MEASUREMENT METHOD Vrms Arms 10 12 1 contiguous non ...

Page 146: ...balance is evaluated using the method of symmetrical components according to IEC61000 4 30 Flicker According to IEC 61000 4 15 flickermeter functional and design specification Includes 230 V 50 Hz lamp and 120 V 60 Hz lamp models Transient capture Captures waveform triggered on signal envelope Additionally triggers on dips swells interruptions and Amps level as specified by IEC61000 4 30 Inrush cu...

Page 147: ... Three phase four wire system WYE 3Ø DELTA Three phase three wire system Delta 3Ø IT Three phase system without neutral WYE 3Ø HIGH LEG Four wire three phase Delta system with center tapped high leg 3Ø OPEN LEG Open delta three wire system with 2 transformer windings 2 ELEMENT Three phase three wire system without current sensor on phase L2 B 2 watt meter method 2 ELEMENT Three phase four wire sys...

Page 148: ...ally Screen save and multiple data memories for storing data including recordings dependent on memory size Real time clock Time and date stamp for Trend mode Transient display System Monitor and event capture Environmental Operating temperature 0 C 40 C 40 C 50 C excl battery Storage temperature 20 C 60 C Humidity 10 C 30 C 95 RH non condensing 30 C 40 C 75 RH non condensing 40 C 50 C 45 RH non co...

Page 149: ...Battery save Adjustable time for dimmed backlight INTERFACES USB USB 2 0 slave port Max speed 460 k Mini USB input connector RS 232 Interface Use special adapter cable DB 9 to Mini USB to connect GPS430 Time Synchronization Unit Baudrate 1200 430 kb s No split baudrate available receive and transmit baudrates are equal Default baudrate is 115200 Stop bits 1 Data bits 8 Parity No Transmission mode ...

Page 150: ... III Pollution Degree 2 Max voltage on banana input 1000 V CAT III 600 V CAT IV Max voltage on current BNC input 30 V max ELECTRO MAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY EMC Compliance with Fluke 434 II 435 II 437 II including standard accessories conforms to the EEC directive 2004 108 EC for EMC immunity as defined by EN 61326 2005 12 it meets Performance Criteria A 1 50Hz 60Hz nominal frequency according to IEC ...

Page 151: ...Appendices Appendix Title Page A Measuring Methods A 1 B Installing USB Drivers B 1 C Instrument Security Procedures C 1 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 152: ...Fluke 434 II 435 II 437 II Users Manual 2 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 153: ... line resistance and Residual Power Loss caused by Harmonics and Unbalance to measure the following losses in Ws Joule Effective Loss line power loss due to active system current this current does the actual work in transferring energy in the most optimal way Loss reduction can be done by lowering line resistance for example by using thicker wires Reactive Loss line power loss due to reactive syst...

Page 154: ...re distinction is made between Phase Power powers of the individual phases A B C or L1 L2 L3 System Total Power powers of the total multi phase system Note that the System Power is not always the sum of the phase powers The basis for power measurements are the voltage and current sample values measured on all inputs simultaneously Power is measure over a 10 12 cycle 50 60Hz time window Tw as requi...

Page 155: ...alance andVa1 Vb1 Vc1andVa2 Vb2 Vc2are two sets of three balanced phasors with an angle of 120 between the components a b and c The components of the phasor set Va0 Vb0 Vc0 are identical in amplitude and angle Va1 Vb1 Vc1 is the positive sequence Va2 Vb2 Vc2 is the negative sequence Va0 Vb0 Vc0 is the zero sequence The names zero positive and negative refer to the sequence of rotation of the phaso...

Page 156: ...s I U P ϕ ϕ Fundamental active system powerΥ ϕ ϕ 1 1 1 1 1 i u cos I U 3 P In this case the system power is NOT the sum of the phase powers The system power is calculated from the positive sequence components of voltage and current eliminating all unbalance components This component is also called Effective power as it is the most effective way to transfer power electrical into mechanical if it wo...

Page 157: ... are calculated using the full apparent power SX and the fundamental apparent power S1X Harmonic distortion power 2 X 1 2 X X S S Dh Harmonic distortion system power Υ and Δ 2 1 2 S S Dh Harmonic distortion system power is NOT the sum of the phase powers VA Unbalance Power Du Unbalance powers cannot be measured per phase Unbalance is only measured on system level Unbalance is calculated from the f...

Page 158: ...m current 2 0 1 2 1 U I I I Neutral current Measured directly when using 4 wire wye systems In combination with wiring resistance the line power losses due to this currents can be calculated P I2 R Residual Power Loss is the loss caused by Harmonic power and Unbalance power Reactive Power var in itself causes no losses other than I2 R losses in the wiring Residual harmonic power loss 1 H P P P Res...

Page 159: ...ing of components Sigma is also used to indicate that classic method is used u is used for voltage sample i is used for current samples Tw Time window of 10 12 cycles at 50 60 Hz N number of samples in 10 12 cycle periods K first sample of Tw record n sample number U is used for rms voltage calculated from samples over a 10 12 cycle window I is used for rms current calculated form samples over a 1...

Page 160: ...actor V Φ V Phase angle V Over Overdeviation Under Underdeviation V tol Voltage tolerance V imb Voltage imbalance V mod V Voltage modulation Amp A rms A A rms x A pk A A pk A rms1 2 A A rms 1 2 A fund A A fund CF A CF Φ A ΦA A imb Current imbalance Power W W W full W fund W W fundamenta VA VA VA full c VA VA VA full classic C VA fund VA VA fundamenta c VA fund VA VA fund classic C VA harm VA VA ha...

Page 161: ...h forward Wh rev Wh Wh reverse Energy Loss W R loss W Resistive loss due to active power W var loss VA Resistive loss due to ractive power W Unb loss VA Loss due to unbalance power W Harm loss VA Loss due to harmonics power W An loss A Loss due to netrall current W Total loss W Total power loss cost R h Cost hr due to active power loss cost var h Cost hr due to reactive power loss cost unb h Cost ...

Page 162: ...Volt Φn Phase angle n n 1 50 Volt In V Interharmonic n n 0 50 f r or rms 30 I Amp Harmonic Amp THD THD f r or rms up to 40th or 50th K A K factor Amp Amp A DC A DC component f r or rms Amp Hn A Harmonic n n 1 50 f r or rms 50 Amp Φn Phase angle n n 1 50 Amp In A Interharmonic n n 0 50 f r or rms 30 I Watt Harmonic Watt THD THD f r or rms up to 40th or 50th i K W K factor Watt i Watt DC W DC compon...

Page 163: ...sequence voltage Vzero V Zero sequence voltage Apos A Positive sequence current Aneg A Negative sequence current Azero A Zero sequence current Mains Signaling Sig 1 Freq 1 relative signaling voltage V3s 1 V Freq 1 voltage 3s average Sig 2 Freq 2 relative signaling voltage V3s 2 V Freq 2 voltage 3s average x wYe or Delta config c Power Classic Method OFF C Power Classic Method ON i Interharmonics O...

Page 164: ...Fluke 434 II 435 II 437 II Users Manual A 12 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 165: ...ilable from the Windows Driver Distribution Center and can be downloaded automatically if your computer is connected to the internet When no internet access is available drivers may be installed from the user manual CD Rom The drivers have passed Windows Logo Verification and are signed by Microsoft Windows Hardware Compatibility Publisher as is required for installation on to Win 7 PCs Note The F...

Page 166: ...he Wizard for the installation of new drivers will open Depending on your PC settings and operating system Windows may ask for permission to search the Windows Update Web site on the internet for the latest revision If you have internet access at such moment it is recommended to select Yes then Next so as to get the latest revision of the drivers In case no internet access is available install the...

Page 167: ... Yes if downloading the driver from the internet is alright Click Next to actually install the software automatically When no internet access is available load the driver from the CD ROM supplied with the instrument 6 Follow the instructions on screen Once the installation of the second driver has been completed click Finish You are now ready to use the Power Quality Analyzer with Fluke software Y...

Page 168: ...hen in Category View mode select Performance and Maintenance then System Here you ll find the tab Hardware just like described above Once you open the Hardware tab you should see a selection field Device Manager From within Win 7 the device manager becomes accessible as soon as you open the control panel Notes 1 Sometimes application software may require a different port number for example in the ...

Page 169: ... on LCD screen 3 Flash ROM 16M x 2 U1100 U1101 type e g MW29W160EB contains the instrument s embedded software and calibration data Also Analyzer settings such as Config Freq Vnom Limits and Current Clamp data that differ from Factory Default are stored here 4 FIFO First In First Out RAM 2kB U801 type e g SN74V235 7PAG contains data to be exchanged between DSP and Microcontroller 5 SRAM 16 Mb x 2 ...

Page 170: ... Ad 4 Memory contents erased at power off No user access Ad 5 Memory contents erased at power off No user access Ad 6 There are 2 ways of removing measurement data from the Analyzer 1 The SD Card is located in the battery compartment at the rear of the Analyzer Open the compartment with a small screwdriver Push the SD Card in the direction of the arrow and take it out of the Analyzer All measureme...

Page 171: ...s 27 1 Charge Batteries 4 3 CHG 8 3 9 5 16 6 21 4 22 4 Clamp 24 7 Cleaning 26 1 Clear all 24 5 Clock 5 4 Colors 5 2 24 5 Configuration 5 4 Configuration wiring 24 7 Contrast 4 6 Contrast adjustment 24 5 Count down 5 3 Crest Factor 8 1 Current clamps 6 2 Cursor 23 1 D Date 5 4 DC 10 1 Decals 6 1 Defaults 4 7 Demo Mode 24 5 DIP 8 3 9 5 16 6 21 4 22 4 Dips 9 1 DIRS 16 1 Display 4 6 Duration 9 1 E Eff...

Page 172: ... 26 3 Oscilloscope 7 1 P Parts 26 2 PC 25 4 Persistence 12 2 Phase Colors 5 2 Phase Identification 24 5 Phasor Preference 7 2 14 3 Phasor screen 5 2 7 2 Positive sequence 10 5 14 4 Power 4 3 Power Adapter 1 6 Power and Energy 11 1 Power Inverter 13 1 Power Quality Monitor 16 1 Power Wave 19 1 Present values 4 5 24 1 Printer 25 4 Probability 16 3 R Rapid Voltage Changes 9 1 Readings Select 21 1 Rec...

Page 173: ...ooting 26 4 U U Unstable 5 3 Unbalance 14 1 Usage 11 1 User ID 24 5 Users Manual 2 1 Using Memory 25 1 V Vector diagram 7 2 Version Cal 24 3 Vnom 24 7 Voltage nominal 5 4 Voltage range 1 6 Volts Amps Hertz 8 1 W Warranty 1 1 Waveform screen 5 2 Wiring configuration 5 4 Z Zero sequence 10 5 14 4 Zoom 23 1 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

Page 174: ...Fluke 434 II 435 II 437 II Users Manual 4 1 800 868 7495 info Fluke Direct ca Fluke Direct ca ...

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