70
32'52%1¤,1)250&,(
192'1$328Ŗ¨9$1,(s
COBRA 2
2EODVĿSRXŗLWLD
7HQWR YØURERN MH XUèHQØ QD RFKUDQX D QD SUHGFK¼G]DQLH UL]LN¼P S¼GX ] YØwN\ Y VHNWRUH SULHP\VOX
VWDYHEQÈFWYDEH]SHèQRVWLDYRYwHREHFQRVWLSULYØNRQHDNHMNRěYHNSU¼FHYRYØwNDFK
3URVWULHGRN p&$03 &REUD q MH VDPRQDYÈMDFLH ]¼FK\WQÄ ]DULDGHQLH VSėĥDMÕFH SRŗLDGDYN\ QRUP\ (1
NWRUÄKRSRXŗLWLHVDRGSRUÕèDDVOÕŗLSUHGRYwHWNØPQDSRXŗLWLHYVLWX¼FL¼FKSULNWRUØFKVDSRXŗÈYDWHě]GUŗLDYDSRG
NRWYLDFLP ERGRP D S¼GRYØ IDNWRU P¼ WHGD KRGQRWX 3URVWULHGRN VSėĥD RNUHP LQÄKR SRŗLDGDYN\ QD G\QDPLFNØ
YØNRQSUHS¼GRYØIDNWRUWHVWSUHXND]XMÕFL]KRGXVSRŗLDGDYNDPLQRUP\(1ERG
3RXŗLWLH
3RèDV SRK\EX SRXŗÈYDWHěD VD S¼V
[2]
QDYÈMD QD EXERQ D RGYÈMD VD ] EXEQD NWRUØ VD QDFK¼G]D QD VDPRQDYÈMDFRP
]DULDGHQÈ
[1]
3¼V MH SURVWUHGQÈFWYRP VS¿WQHM SUXŗLQ\ XGUŗLDYDQØ QHXVW¼OH Y QDS¿WRP VWDYH 9 SUÈSDGH S¼GX
PHFKDQL]PXV ]DVWDYÈ RGYÈMDQLH S¼VX D WDNØPWR VSÏVRERP ]DVWDYÈ S¼G 3URVWULHGRN MH Y\EDYHQØ WOPLèRP S¼GRYHM
energie
[3]
èRXPRŗQÈREPHG]LĿYHěNRVĿEU]GLDFHMVLO\N13UHGNDŗGØPSRXŗLWÈPVNRQWUROXMWHèLQQRVĿIXQNFLH
EORNRYDQLD U¼]Q\P SRWLDKQXWÈP S¼VX 2GSRUÕèD VD S¼V SÕwĿDĿ ]ěDKND QLH SUXGNR MH YKRGQÄ GRSUHY¼G]DĿ UXNRX
RS¿WRYQÄ VWRèHQLH VD S¼VX YR YQÕWUL SURVWULHGNX 'R]ULWH QD WR DE\ ŗLDGQD SUHN¼ŗND QHEU¼QLOD QRUP¼OQHPX
RGYÈMDQLXQDYÈMDQLXS¼VX2WRèQÄ]DULDGHQLH
[4]
PXVÈE\ĿSULSRMHQÄNXNRWYLDFHPXERGXwWUXNWÕU\SURVWUHGQÈFWYRP
NRQHNWRUD VSėĥDMÕFHKR SRŗLDGDYN\ VPHUQLFH (1
Kotviaci bod
VD PXVÈ VSėĥDĿ SRŗLDGDYN\ SUHGSLVX (1 D
DOHER PXVÈ PDĿ SHYQRVĿ N1 NRYRYÄ NRWYLDFH ERG\ èL N1 WH[WLOQÄ NRWYLDFH ERG\ .RQFRYÄ RNR
[5]
PÏŗH
E\ĿSULSRMHQÄN]¼FK\WQÄPXERGXp$qSRVWURMDVSėĥDMÕFHKRSRŗLDGDYN\QRUP\(1SURVWUHGQÈFWYRPSUÈVOXwQÄKR
NRQHNWRUD VSėĥDMÕFHKR SRŗLDGDYN\ QRUP\ (1
[6]
GRG¼YDQÄKR VSROX V SURVWULHGNRP 0D[LP¼OQH SRYROHQÄ
]DĿDŗHQLHMHNJ
$E\ERORPRŗQÄ]KRGQRWLĿQHEH]SHèHQVWYRNWRUÄKUR]ÈSULYØNRQHSUDFRYQÄKRÕNRQXGHƬQXMHPHKRGQRWXS¼GRYØ
IDNWRU NWRU¼ EXGH Y\SRèÈWDQ¼ SRGěD QDVOHGRYQÄKR Y]RUFD 3¼GRYØ IDNWRU 9ØwND S¼GX 'ėŗND ODQND 9 SUÈSDGH
ŗHMHS¼GRYØIDNWRUPHQwÈDNRDWHGDRSHU¼WRUVDQDFK¼G]DSULDPRSRGNRWYLDFLPERGRPSURVWULHGRN&REUD
VDSRXŗLMHYVÕODGHVSRŗLDGDYNDPLQRUP\(13URVWULHGRN&REUDPÏŗHE\ĿWLHŗSRXŗLWØYLQØFKSUÈSDGRFKY
NWRUØFKVDS¼GRYØIDNWRUGRVDKXMHDŗKRGQRWX9NDŗGRPSUÈSDGHVDYwDNRGSRUÕèDSRXŗÈYDĿSURVWULHGN\VSėĥDMÕFH
SRŗLDGDYN\QRUP\(1WDNDE\ERONRWYLDFLERGSULDPRQDGSRXŗÈYDWHěRPèR]QÈŗLYØwNXS¼GXDWHGDXPRŗQÈ
GRVLDKQXĿY¿èwLXEH]SHèQRVĿ
obr.1
'ėŗNDVÕVWDY\NRQHNWRUVDPRQDYÈMDFLH]¼FK\WQÄ]DULDGHQLHNRQHNWRUQHVPLH
QLNG\SUHNURèLĿPSULÕSOQHY\WLDKQXWRPS¼VH
obr. 4
).
3RXŗLWLHYVÕODGHVQRUPRX(1S¼GRYØIDNWRU
.RWYLDFL ERG wWUXNWÕU\ NX NWRUÄPX VD SULS¼MD SURVWULHGRN PXVÈ E\Ŀ XPLHVWQHQØ Y\wwLH DNR SRXŗÈYDWHě S¼GRYØ
IDNWRU $E\ VD SUHGLwOR QHEH]SHèHQVWYX Y]QLNX N\YDGORYÄKR HIHNWX Y SUÈSDGH S¼GX SUDFRYQÄ ÕNRQ\ VD PÏŗX
Y\NRQ¼YDĿ QD PLHVWDFK Y NWRUØFK MH XKRO RGNORQX RG NROPLFH XFK\WHQLD SURVWULHGNX PHQwÈ DNR 3RG QRKDPL
SRXŗÈYDWHěD MH QHY\KQXWQÄ SRèÈWDĿ V PLQLP¼OQRX VYHWORX YØwNRX P DN E\ WR QHEROR PRŗQÄ SRXŗÈYDWHě PXVÈ
SUDFRYDĿVPLPRULDGQRXSR]RUQRVĿRXSUHWRŗHYSUÈSDGHS¼GXE\MHKRRFKUDQDQHPXVHOE\ĿÕSOQHGRNRQDO¼
obr. 2
)
3RXŗÈYDQLHVS¼GRYØPIDNWRURP
3UL WRPWR W\SH SRXŗÈYDQLD VD PÏŗH NRWYLDFL ERG wWUXNWÕU\ NX NWRUÄPX VD SURVWULHGRN SULS¼MD QDFK¼G]DĿ QLŗwLH
DNR SRXŗÈYDWHě PD[ S¼GRYØ IDNWRU 3RèDV SUÈSDGQÄKR S¼GX VDPRQDYÈMDFLH ]DULDGHQLH DXWRPDWLFN\ QDWRèÈ
S¼V D ]QÈŗL WDN GėŗNX UHPHĥD SUL NWRUHM VD S¼G ]DVWDYÈ 9 WRPWR SUÈSDGH MH SRWUHEQÄ SRèÈWDĿ VR VYHWORX YØwNRX
SRGQRKDPLSRXŗÈYDWHěDQLHPHQwRXDNRPDNE\WRQHERORPRŗQÄSRXŗÈYDWHěPXVÈSUDFRYDĿVPLPRULDGQRX
SR]RUQRVĿRX SUHWRŗH Y SUÈSDGH S¼GX E\ MHKR RFKUDQD QHPXVHO E\Ŀ ÕSOQH GRNRQDO¼
obr. .3
9 NDŗGRP SUÈSDGH
VDRGSRUÕèDREPHG]LĿQDPLQLPXPQXWQRVĿSUDFRYDĿVS¼GRYØPIDNWRURPDVQDŗLĿVDYŗG\SRNLDěMHWRPRŗQÄ
NRWYLĿSURVWULHGRNYSR]ÈFLLQDGSRXŗÈYDWHěRPDOHERQDQDMYØwQDURYQDNHMÕURYQL9SUÈSDGHwSHFLƬFNÄKRSRXŗLWLD
