WAN
Issue 3.4.1 June 2005
303
Codec selection and compression
Because of the limited bandwidth that is available on the WAN, using a compressed codec
allows much more efficient use of resources without a significant decrease in voice quality.
Avaya recommends that IP Telephony implementations across a WAN use the G.729 codec
with 20-ms packets. This configuration uses 24 Kbps (excluding Layer 2 overhead), 30% of the
bandwidth of the G.711 uncompressed codec (80 Kbps). For more information on bandwidth,
see
IP Bandwidth and Call Admission Control
on page 176.
To conserve even more bandwidth, RTP header compression (cRTP) can be used on
point-to-point links. cRTP reduces the IP/UDP/RTP overhead from 40 bytes to 4 bytes. With
20-ms packets, this translates to a savings of 14.4 Kbps, making the total bandwidth required
for G.729 approximately 9.6 Kbps. The trade-off for cRTP is higher CPU utilization on the router.
The processing power of the router determines the amount of compressed RTP traffic that the
router can handle. Avaya testing indicates that a typical small branch-office router can handle
768 Kbps of compressed traffic. Larger routers can handle greater amounts. cRTP is available
on Avaya and Cisco routers.
Serialization delay
Serialization delay refers to the delay that is associated with sending bits across a physical
medium. Serialization delay is important to IP Telephony because this delay can add significant
jitter to voice packets, and thus impair voice quality. See
Layer 3 QoS
on page 313 for
techniques to minimize serialization delay.
Network design
Routing protocols and convergence
When designing a IP Telephony network across a WAN, some care should be taken when
selecting a routing protocol or a dial-backup solution. Different routing protocols have different
convergence times, which is the time that it takes to detect a failure and route around it. While a
network is in the process of converging, all voice traffic is lost. Routing protocol convergence is
covered in more detail in section 3.5.
The selection of a routing protocol depends on several factors:
●
If a network has a single path to other networks, static routes are sufficient.
●
If multiple paths exist, is convergence time an issue? If so, EIGRP and OSPF are
appropriate.
●
Are open standards-based protocols required? If so, OSPF and RIP are appropriate, but
not EIGRP or IGRP, which are Cisco proprietary.
In general, Avaya recommends the use of OSPF when routing protocols are required. OSPF
allows for relatively fast convergence, and does not rely on proprietary protocols.
Summary of Contents for Application Solutions
Page 1: ...Avaya Application Solutions IP Telephony Deployment Guide 555 245 600 Issue 3 4 1 June 2005 ...
Page 20: ...About This Book 20 Avaya Application Solutions IP Telephony Deployment Guide ...
Page 21: ...Issue 3 4 1 June 2005 21 Section 1 Avaya Application Solutions product guide ...
Page 22: ...22 Avaya Application Solutions IP Telephony Deployment Guide ...
Page 106: ...Call processing 106 Avaya Application Solutions IP Telephony Deployment Guide ...
Page 124: ...Avaya LAN switching products 124 Avaya Application Solutions IP Telephony Deployment Guide ...
Page 139: ...Issue 3 4 1 June 2005 139 Section 2 Deploying IP Telephony ...
Page 140: ...140 Avaya Application Solutions IP Telephony Deployment Guide ...
Page 186: ...Traffic engineering 186 Avaya Application Solutions IP Telephony Deployment Guide ...
Page 204: ...Security 204 Avaya Application Solutions IP Telephony Deployment Guide ...
Page 228: ...Avaya Integrated Management 228 Avaya Application Solutions IP Telephony Deployment Guide ...
Page 274: ...Reliability and Recovery 274 Avaya Application Solutions IP Telephony Deployment Guide ...
Page 275: ...Issue 3 4 1 June 2005 275 Section 3 Getting the IP network ready for telephony ...
Page 276: ...276 Avaya Application Solutions IP Telephony Deployment Guide ...
Page 356: ...Network recovery 356 Avaya Application Solutions IP Telephony Deployment Guide ...
Page 366: ...Network assessment offer 366 Avaya Application Solutions IP Telephony Deployment Guide ...
Page 367: ...Issue 3 4 1 June 2005 367 Appendixes ...
Page 368: ...Appendixes 368 Avaya Application Solutions IP Telephony Deployment Guide ...
Page 394: ...Access list 394 Avaya Application Solutions IP Telephony Deployment Guide ...
Page 414: ...DHCP TFTP 414 Avaya Application Solutions IP Telephony Deployment Guide ...