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Summary of Contents for TE1088

Page 1: ...Networking Gateway System Manual S W Version 2 0 August 2005 P N 214196...

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Page 3: ...ents Chapter 2 Installation Describes how to install the system and its components Chapter 3 Operation and Administration Describes how to use the web based management application for configuring para...

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Page 5: ...anced Functions 5 1 3 Specifications 6 1 3 1 Radio Specifications 6 1 3 2 Regulatory Standards Compliance 6 1 3 3 Environmental 7 1 3 4 Mechanical 7 1 3 5 Electrical 7 Chapter 2 Installation 9 2 1 Ins...

Page 6: ...42 3 6 3 Wireless Setting 48 3 6 4 Change Password 54 3 7 Security Setting 55 3 7 1 MAC Control 55 3 7 2 Packet Filters Administrator only 55 3 7 3 URL Blocking Administrator only 60 3 7 4 Domain Filt...

Page 7: ...x 84 3 10 1 View Log 84 3 10 2 Firmware Upgrade Administrator only 85 3 10 3 Backup Setting 86 3 10 4 Reset to Default 87 3 10 5 Reboot 87 3 10 6 DRAP 88 3 10 7 Miscellaneous Items 89 3 11 Web Configu...

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Page 9: ...unner Session Management 28 Figure 11 Setup Wizard PPP over Ethernet 29 Figure 12 Setup Wizard PPTP 30 Figure 13 Setup Wizard Configuration Completed 32 Figure 14 Basic Setting 33 Figure 15 WAN Setup...

Page 10: ...e 35 Inbound Packet Filter Example 2 58 Figure 36 Outbound Packet Filter Example 1 59 Figure 37 Outbound Packet Filter Example 2 60 Figure 38 URL Blocking 60 Figure 39 URL Blocking Example 61 Figure 4...

Page 11: ...Setting Example Step 2 82 Figure 58 Virtual Server Schedule Rule 1 82 Figure 59 Packet Filter Schedule Rule 1 83 Figure 60 UPnP Setting 83 Figure 61 Toolbox 84 Figure 62 View System Log 85 Figure 63 F...

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Page 13: ...ble 11 Setup Wizard Dynamic IP Address with Road Runner Session Management Parameters 29 Table 12 Setup Wizard PPPoE Parameters 30 Table 13 Setup Wizard PPTP Parameters 31 Table 14 Virtual Computers P...

Page 14: ...s Parameters 65 Table 31 Virtual Server Parameters 68 Table 32 Special Applications Parameters 69 Table 33 VPN Pass Through Parameters 71 Table 34 System Time Parameters 73 Table 35 System Log Paramet...

Page 15: ...1 1 Chapter 1 Product Description In This Chapter Introducing the Networking Gateway IDU page 2 Functions and Features page 3 Specifications page 6...

Page 16: ...r s data equipment equipped with either IEEE 802 11b 11M or IEEE 802 11g 54M compatible wireless adapters can connect to the unit via its built in Wireless LAN port functioning as an Access Point The...

Page 17: ...etworking Gateway Web based configuring Configurable through any networked computer s web browser using Netscape or Internet Explorer Virtual Server Support Enables to expose WWW FTP and other service...

Page 18: ...tes with auto fallback in 802 11b mode 1 2 3 Security Functions Packet Filter Packet Filter allows controlling access to a network by analyzing the incoming and outgoing packets and letting them pass...

Page 19: ...onizing system time with a network time server with the PC or set the time manually E mail Alert The Networking Gateway can be configured to send its log file by mail Dynamic DNS At present the Networ...

Page 20: ...802 11g Output Power Average 10 12 15 17 dBm Data Rates IEEE 802 11g mode 54M 48M 36M 24M 18M 12M 6M with auto fallback in IEEE 802 11b mode 11M 5 5M 2M 1M with auto fallback in 1 3 2 Regulatory Stan...

Page 21: ...hanical Specifications Item Details Dimensions W x H x D 190 5 x 26 2 x 111 mm Weight 0 62 kg 1 3 5 Electrical Table 5 Electrical Specifications Item Details Power Transformer 100 240 VAC 50 60 Hz 2A...

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Page 23: ...2 2 Chapter 2 Installation In This Chapter Installation Requirements page 10 Panels Layout and Components page 11 Installation page 14...

Page 24: ...end user s data equipment Mains plug adapter or termination plug if the power plug on the supplied AC power cord does not fit local power outlets PC with an Ethernet card and an Ethernet cable for con...

Page 25: ...g or receiving data via wireless LAN On The USB port is linked USB USB Port Activity Blinking The USB port is sending or receiving data STATUS System Status Blinking The unit is functioning properly O...

Page 26: ...ort Data Rate Off Data rate is 10 Mbps ODU WLINK ODU Wireless Link Status On The ODU is connected with an AU 2 2 1 2 RESET ROUTER Button Press momentarily the recessed RESET ROUTER button to reset the...

Page 27: ...Ethernet Power 55 VDC and signaling Port 1 4 LAN ports for networked computers and other devices USB USB Host Port for a USB printer Antenna not marked An SMA connector for the WLAN antenna CAUTION D...

Page 28: ...nect the power cord of the transformer to the unit s POWER socket located on the rear panel Connect the Mains power cord to the power transformer and to the AC mains NOTE The color codes of the power...

Page 29: ...ettings of the computers for proper operation with the Networking Gateway The default IP address of the Networking Gateway LAN is 192 168 254 253 and the default subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 9 To veri...

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Page 31: ...Configuration Server In This Chapter Start up and Log in on page 18 Status on page 23 Wizard on page 25 Basic Setting on page 33 Security Setting on page 55 NAT Setting on page 67 Advanced Settings on...

Page 32: ...teway IDU can be configured using the following methods The Web Configuration Server A cfg file loaded into the unit from the web configuration server or TFTP SNMP This document describes the configur...

Page 33: ...When managing the NG via bwaNMS using the cut through option the Remote Administrator Port must be set to 8080 3 Open a web browser Internet Explorer or Netscape Communicator NOTE Be sure to disable...

Page 34: ...ry depending on entry level The menus and parameters specified hereinafter refer to both entry levels unless otherwise specified To log in enter the system password in the System Password field and cl...

Page 35: ...selecting another page menu item or before quitting the application The Save functionality in many cases is per page If you leave the page without clicking the Save button all the changes in the page...

Page 36: ...specific window Refresh Refreshes the displayed information Back Reverts to a previous step screen Previous In windows that are divided into several pages use the Previous button to jump to the previo...

Page 37: ...hh mm ss in which unit will request a new IP When the lease time expires a new IP address will be automatically allocated or the lease will be automatically renewed depending on the settings see secti...

Page 38: ...ssion or Disconnect to terminate a session Peripheral Status The USB Printer status Not ready no printer is available Off line or No Paper the printer is off line or the paper tray is empty Printing t...

Page 39: ...onfiguration procedure recommended for most users Figure 6 Setup Wizard 1 Click on Next The Select WAN Type window appears NOTE You can click Back at any time to return to previous screens and change...

Page 40: ...s with Road Runner Session Management e g Telstra BigPond PPP over Ethernet some ISPs require the use of PPPoE to connect to their services PPTP Some ISPs require the use of PPTP to connect to their s...

Page 41: ...ort The default is 0 0 0 0 Static Subnet Mask The subnet mask of the WAN port The default is 0 0 0 0 Static Gateway The Default Gateway IP address of the unit The default is 0 0 0 0 Static Primary DNS...

Page 42: ...name for example Home A string of maximum 39 characters The default is an empty field WAN s MAC Address The gateway s pre configured MAC Address Clone MAC Click to replace the Gateway s WAN MAC Addre...

Page 43: ...der If you do not want to change the account leave empty At initial entry you are required to enter an account A string of up to 53 printable characters The default is an empty field Password The pass...

Page 44: ...le characters The default is an empty field Password The password provided by the service provider If you do not want to change the password leave empty At initial entry you are required to enter a pa...

Page 45: ...k The private subnet mask assigned by the service provider after connection When in Static Mode the subnet mask must be configured manually WAN Gateway IP The WAN Gateway IP address after connection W...

Page 46: ...p Wizard Configuration Completed 5 The configurations will take effect only after rebooting your computer Click on Reboot to restart your computer For more advance configurations see details on the sp...

Page 47: ...change the password Figure 14 Basic Setting 3 6 1 WAN Setup Click on WAN Setup from the Basic Setting menu on the menu list The Primary Setup window appears The parameters displayed may vary depending...

Page 48: ...rators only Enabled when using NAT In addition to the primary WAN address enables to set up one to one mapping of up to five global IP address and local IP address see Figure 16 below Figure 16 Virtua...

Page 49: ...will take effect only after rebooting the system The default WAN type is Dynamic IP Address However you can change the WAN type as follows To select a different WAN type 1 Click Change The Choose WAN...

Page 50: ...indow appears as follows You can change the WAN type by clicking on Change and selecting a different WAN type 3 6 1 1 Static IP Address Figure 18 Primary Setup Static IP Address The Setup page for Sta...

Page 51: ...he IP address of the secondary Domain Name Server The default is 0 0 0 0 NAT Enable Disable When disabled the gateway functions as a regular router as opposed to a NAT router This option is available...

Page 52: ...ddress with the PC s MAC Address Restore MAC When Clone MAC is activated the button changes to Restore MAC to enable to restore the unit s pre configured MAC Address Renew IP Forever When enabled this...

Page 53: ...string of maximum 53 characters Login Server The Login Server optional Leave empty if you want the default server A string of maximum 31 characters Renew IP Forever Enable Disable when enabled your IP...

Page 54: ...your PPPoE session To disable this feature set this parameter to 0 seconds or enable Auto reconnect The Maximum Idle Time is applicable only when Connection Control is set to Connect on demand or to M...

Page 55: ...The private IP address assigned by your ISP This parameter is enabled only for Static IP Address mode My Subnet Mask The private subnet mask assigned by your ISP This parameter is enabled only for Sta...

Page 56: ...allocation Select one of the following options Connect on demand An IP address is automatically allocated whenever the user attempts to make a connection Auto reconnect Always on The system automatic...

Page 57: ...ollowing parameters are displayed see Figure 24 Range of IP addresses Pool Specify the starting and ending address for DHCP clients The IP addresses are allocated from this pool according to calculati...

Page 58: ...roxy parameter to Enable 5 In the Proxy IP field enter the IP of the DHCP server In addition the LAN Setup window includes the following control buttons Clients List Opens a list of the current mappin...

Page 59: ...on IP Address The IP address of the DHCP client Host Name The host name of the DHCP client MAC Address The MAC address of the DHCP client From the DHCP Clients List window you can do the following for...

Page 60: ...Address Control feature Connection control Check the Connection control check box to enable controlling which wired and wireless clients can connect to this device If a client is denied the connection...

Page 61: ...to connect to the device he can communicate with other clients on the LAN wired and wireless but cannot connect to the Internet use the Print Server function or use the Web configuration When denied t...

Page 62: ...CP and the unit is reset the list will show empty In this case renew the PC IP address from DHCP on LAN 2 The control table is divided into several pages Use the Previous page and Next Page buttons to...

Page 63: ...available security protocols are None No encryption is applied default WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy Encrypts frames transmitted through a wireless module using a pre entered WEP key You can configure...

Page 64: ...systems Frames transmitted through a wireless module are encrypted using a Pre share key PSK or a key received from the RADIUS server RADIUS Server IP The 802 1x server s IP address RADIUS Port The 8...

Page 65: ...ess Clients List displays the following parameters for each wireless client Table 24 Wireless Clients List Parameters Parameter Description Connected Time The connection time MAC Address The MAC addre...

Page 66: ...oint to synchronize the wireless network beacons The range is 1 1000 milliseconds The default is 100 milliseconds RTS Threshold Specify the packet size above which a Request To Send will be performed...

Page 67: ...of the Cyclic Redundancy Check CRC block for communication between the Access Point and roaming wireless adapters A long transmit preamble may provide a more reliable connection or slightly longer ran...

Page 68: ...d 1 Select Basic Setting Change Password submenu on the menu list The Change Password window opens Figure 31 Change Password 2 Type in the old password in the Old Password box 3 Type in the new passwo...

Page 69: ...ecific MAC address For further details see section 3 6 2 2 3 7 2 Packet Filters Administrator only Packet Filter enables to control which packets are allowed to pass through the networking gateway Whe...

Page 70: ...ch direction inbound and outbound For each rule you can define the following Table 26 Advanced Wireless Setting Parameters Parameter Description Source IP address You can define a single IP address fo...

Page 71: ...to Schedule Rule on page 80 The Schedule Rule option facilitates the process of selecting a scheduling rule for each Filter ID Select a specific Schedule Rule from the Schedule Rule Combo box Select t...

Page 72: ...1 2 3 100 1 2 3 149 are allowed to send mail port 25 receive mail port 110 and browse the Internet port 80 IPs 1 2 3 10 1 2 3 20 are allowed to perform all operations All other IPs are all blocked fro...

Page 73: ...r click on the Outbound Filter button and check the Enable box in the Outbound Packet Filter window Example 1 Figure 36 Outbound Packet Filter Example 1 In this example IP 192 168 123 149 is restricte...

Page 74: ...9 can only read net news port 119 and send mail port 25 They are blocked from performing any other operation All other IPs are blocked from performing any operation 3 7 3 URL Blocking Administrator on...

Page 75: ...ule can be enabled or disabled individually Use Rule URL Blocking can work with Scheduling Rules For details please refer to Schedule Rule on page 80 The Schedule Rule option facilitates the process o...

Page 76: ...not checked for a specific rule the rule will not be applied and the matching URLs will not be blocked 3 7 4 Domain Filter Administrator only When enabled the Domain Filter feature blocks LAN compute...

Page 77: ...pe of action you want performed when someone attempts to access the specific URL that meets the domain suffix Drop Check to block access Log Check to log the access attempt Enable Check to enable the...

Page 78: ...outbound For each rule you can define the following Table 29 Firewall Parameters Parameter Description Source IP address From LAN or WAN Destination IP address From LAN or WAN Destination Protocol TCP...

Page 79: ...tasks You can use subnet mask bits nn notation to specify a group of trusted IP addresses For example 10 1 2 0 24 NOTE When Remote Administration is enabled the web server port will automatically cha...

Page 80: ...at pass through the WAN and the Networking Gateway checks every incoming packet to detect whether it is valid DoS Attack Detection When enabled the router detects and logs the Denial of Service DoS at...

Page 81: ...page provides access to configuring the virtual server special AP DMZ host and VPN pass through Figure 43 NAT Setting 3 8 1 Virtual Server Virtual Server enables WWW FTP and other services on your LA...

Page 82: ...defined rule Well known services Select a service from the list of pre defined services The Schedule Rule option facilitates the process of selecting a scheduling rule for each Virtual Server ID Sele...

Page 83: ...ort numbers are allowed to pass through the networking gateway Enable Check to enable the rule Each rule can be enabled disabled individually Some predefined settings are provided Select an applicatio...

Page 84: ...ons CAUTION This feature exposes your computer and may cause security issues Make sure your PC is updated with the last security updates Figure 46 DMZ Host Check the Enable box to enable this feature...

Page 85: ...Parameters Parameter Description VPN PPTP Pass Through Check to enable PPTP connection to pass through the device The device can handle up to 8 concurrent sessions VPN IPSec Pass Through Check to ena...

Page 86: ...ides access to configuring additional features such as System Time Log Dynamic DNS SNMP Routing Scheduling Rules and enabling Universal Plug and Play protocol Figure 48 Advanced Setting 3 9 1 System T...

Page 87: ...ed automatically from every 10 hours Set Date and Time using PC s Date and Time Select if you want the device s internal clock to synchronize with the PC s clock Set Date and Time manually Select if y...

Page 88: ...Enter the SMTP server IP and port which are concatenate with For example mail your_url com or 192 168 1 100 26 If you do not specify port number the default value is 25 E mail addresses The listed rec...

Page 89: ...a changing IP address you need to use a Dynamic Domain Name Service DDNS To reach your host one needs to know its name Dynamic DNS will map the name of your host to your current IP address which chang...

Page 90: ...ncatenated with the specified Host Name and a suffix specified by the DDNS provider Username E mail Enter your Username or E mail address according to the DDNS provider you selected Password Key Enter...

Page 91: ...ot be managed by any PC from either LAN or WAN SNMP Version Select the proper SNMP Version supported by your SNMP Management software In the above figure The device will respond to requests from both...

Page 92: ...ge information on destinations for computing routes throughout the network Select RIPv2 only if you have a different subnet on your network Otherwise select RIPv1 if you need this protocol Static Rout...

Page 93: ...92 168 123 103 1 If for example Client3 wanted to send an IP datagram to 192 168 0 2 Client2 he would use the above table to determine that he had to go via 192 168 123 103 Gateway2 And if he sends Pa...

Page 94: ...scription Schedule Click the checkbox to Enable the Scheduler Rule The rule number Rules are numbered sequentially from the first rule set to the last When a rule is deleted the rules are automaticall...

Page 95: ...from Start Time to End Time In the following example a rule named FTP Time is scheduled to operate every day between 14 10 and 16 20 Figure 56 Schedule Rule Setting Example Step 1 2 After configuring...

Page 96: ...Click to delete the specific rule When the rule is deleted all subsequent rules are automatically renumbered Schedule Rule can be applied to Virtual server and Packet Filter for example Example1 Virtu...

Page 97: ...to 16 20 Figure 59 Packet Filter Schedule Rule 1 3 9 7 UPnP Setting Universal Plug and Play UPnP is a protocol for connecting voice video applications through the Networking Gateway when in NAT mode F...

Page 98: ...ult values to rebooting the system implementing DRAP protocol running Wake on LAN and performing Ping tests Figure 61 Toolbox 3 10 1 View Log Clicking on View Log opens the System Log file The System...

Page 99: ...ck Refresh to manually update the Log Click Download to download the Log file system log and save it locally on your PC Click Clear to clear the log file of its content 3 10 2 Firmware Upgrade Adminis...

Page 100: ...t When the upgrade process is complete the unit will automatically restart CAUTION Do not turn off power to the unit during the upgrading process 3 10 3 Backup Setting To backup your settings 1 Click...

Page 101: ...guration file to the unit using TFTP client 3 10 4 Reset to Default To reset the unit to factory defaults 1 Click Reset to default in the menu list The following message appears Figure 65 Reset to Def...

Page 102: ...for registration to the Base Station to which the SU is connected by performing Discovery Figure 67 DRAP Protocol The DRAP Protocol window includes the following parameters Table 40 DRAP Protocol Para...

Page 103: ...cast and the Discovery Time is the time that the unit will wait for a response before sending a new request The default is 0 Acknowledge Time The Acknowledge Time is the timeout to be used between mes...

Page 104: ...address e g 00 11 22 33 44 55 Click on Wake up to have the gateway immediately send the wake up frame to the target device DHCP Client List Select a client from the dropdown list for which you want to...

Page 105: ...r Primary Setup WAN Type Static IP Address Dynamic IP Address Dynamic IP Address with RRSM PPP over Ethernet PPTP Dynamic IP Address Primary Setup Static IP Address WAN IP Address x x x x 0 0 0 0 WAN...

Page 106: ...sable Check Uncheck Uncheck Primary Setup PPP over Ethernet PPPoE Account A string of maximum 53 characters PPPoE Password A string of maximum 53 characters Primary DNS x x x x 0 0 0 0 Secondary DNS x...

Page 107: ...x x x 192 168 254 253 LAN Subnet Mask x x x x 255 255 255 0 DHCP Server Disable Enable Enable DHCP Proxy Disable Enable Proxy IP x x x x Disable 0 0 0 0 LAN Setup DHCP Enabled Range of IP addresses P...

Page 108: ...check Uncheck Wireless Setting Wireless Enable Check Uncheck Check Network ID SSID A string of maximum 32 characters default Channel 1 13 1 Security None WEP 802 1X WPA PSK WPA None Advanced Wireless...

Page 109: ...25 12dBM 12 5 10dBM 100 17dBM Change Password Administrator Password A string of maximum 9 characters private User Password A string of maximum 9 characters public Outbound Packet Filter Outbound Filt...

Page 110: ...x x Destination Port 0 65535 Enable Check Uncheck Use Rule 1 10 0 URL Blocking URL Blocking Enable Check Uncheck Uncheck URL Rules 1 10 URL A string of maximum 50 characters Enable Check Uncheck Unch...

Page 111: ...All LAN WAN All Destination IP x x x x Protocol All TCP UDP ICMP All Destination Port 0 65535 Action Allow Deny Allow Enable Check Uncheck Uncheck Miscellaneous Items Remote Administrator Host x x x x...

Page 112: ...eck Uncheck Uncheck Virtual Server Virtual Server Rules 1 20 Protocol All TCP UDP All Service Ports 0 65535 Server IP 1 254 Enable Check Uncheck Uncheck Use Rule 1 10 0 Special Applications Rules 1 10...

Page 113: ...Time Manually Time Server time nist gov time nw nist gov time windows com utcnist colorado edu time nist gov Time Zone From dropdown list GMT 08 00 Date Year 2002 2020 Month Jan Dec Day 1 31 2004 Aug...

Page 114: ...ters Log Type System Activity Check Uncheck Debug Information Check Uncheck Attacks Check Uncheck Dropped Packets Check Uncheck Notice Check Uncheck Uncheck Uncheck Uncheck Uncheck Uncheck Dynamic DNS...

Page 115: ...Routing Disable RIPv1 RIPv2 Disable Static Routing Disable Enable Disable Default route WAN LAN IP WAN Routing Rules 1 8 Destination Subnet Mask Gateway Hop Enable Check Uncheck Uncheck Schedule Rule...

Page 116: ...Protocol DRAP Disable Enable Disable DRAP Server IP Address x x x x 0 0 0 0 Server Port 0 Discovery Time 0 Acknowledge Time 0 Miscellaneous Items MAC Address for Wake on LAN DHCP Client List From drop...

Page 117: ...working Gateway provides the function of network print server for MS Windows 2000 XP and Unix based platforms The device comes with a USB port for connecting the printer This Appendix will guide you t...

Page 118: ...a built in LPR client that can be used for printing Your Printer Driver must be installed in LPT1 or other ports before you proceed to the following procedure 1 Open Printers and Faxes 2 Select the pr...

Page 119: ...er s Parameters Summary 3 Select the Ports tab Click Add Port 4 Select Standard TCP IP Port and then click New Port The TCP IP Printer Port Wizard appears 5 Click Next The Add Port window is displayed...

Page 120: ...working Gateway device 192 168 254 253 in the Printer Name or IP Address field The Port Name field is automatically filled in as you type You can change it as required 7 Click Next The Additional Port...

Page 121: ...Web Configuration Server s Parameters Summary 8 Select Custom and then click Settings The Port Settings window is displayed NG System Manual 107...

Page 122: ...etters in the Queue Name field and check the LPR Byte Counting Enabled check box 10 Click OK to apply your settings The Port Settings window closes and the Additional Port Information Required window...

Page 123: ...Web Configuration Server s Parameters Summary 12 Click Finish The window closes 13 Close the Printer Ports window The new printer port appears in the Ports tab NG System Manual 109...

Page 124: ...Appendix A Print Server 14 Click Apply and then OK to close the window NOTE Print a test page to ensure that the printer is working properly NG System Manual 110...

Page 125: ...B B Appendix B 802 1x Setting...

Page 126: ...ack 1a Z Com XI 725 wireless LAN USB adapter Driver version 1 7 29 0 Driver date 10 20 2001 Authentication Server Windows 2000 RADIUS server with Service Pack 3 and HotFix Q313664 NOTE Windows 2000 RA...

Page 127: ...Professional DUT and Windows 2000 Radius Server Setup Setup Windows 2000 RADIUS Server Change authentication method to MD5_Challenge or using smart card or other certificate on RADIUS server according...

Page 128: ...ice pack 1 they will not see MD5 Challenge in the EAP type list but they will receive a new Protected EAP PEAP option 2 Select MD5 Challenge or Smart Card or other Certificate as the EAP type 3 If use...

Page 129: ...as the Access Point 3 Set authentication type of wireless client and RADIUS server both to EAP_TLS 4 Disable the wireless connection and enable again 5 The DUT will send the user s certificate to the...

Page 130: ...Appendix B 802 1x Setting NG System Manual 116...

Page 131: ...5 Windows XP will prompt that the authentication process is success or fail and end the authentication procedure 6 Terminate the test steps when PC2 get dynamic IP and PING remote host successfully S...

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Page 133: ...er and electronics industry In particular the IEEE 802 standards for local area networks are widely followed IEEE 802 11b The standard applies to wireless LANs and provides data rate of 11 Mbps in the...

Page 134: ...PoE relies on two widely accepted standards PPP and Ethernet PPPoE is a specification for connecting the users on an Ethernet to the Internet through a common broadband medium such as a single DSL lin...

Page 135: ...n the TCP IP protocol stack UDP is a simple protocol that exchanges datagrams without acknowledgments or guaranteed delivery requiring that error processing and retransmission be handled by other prot...

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