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Operator Manual / 2. Safety

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2.8 X-ray generation principles

X-rays in VOTI X-ray scanners are produced in an X-ray generator. Inside the generator is a vacuum tube containing a
tungsten filament cathode, and an anode that is also made of tungsten. A current is passed through the cathode,
causing it to heat up and emit electrons. Voltage is applied across the cathode and anode, which causes the electrons
to accelerate towards the anode. When the electrons strike the anode, their kinetic energy is absorbed, and some of it
is released again in the form of X-rays. A rough diagram of the apparatus is as follows:

Figure 5 - X-Ray Generation Operating Principle

The value of the voltage applied determines the energy of the X-rays produced. In the case of a VOTI scanner, this
voltage is usually 160 kV. The current passing through the cathode determines the quantity of X-ray photons
produced. The cathode current in a VOTI scanner is usually between 550 µA and 1 mA.

The X-ray generator is shielded to prevent radiation from escaping, except through a funnel that directs X-rays
towards the tunnel of the scanner. The funnel and the tunnel of the item scanner are also lined to prevent X-rays
from escaping.

© VOTI 2020 / 900116-001

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Содержание XR3D

Страница 1: ...ada VOTIDETECTION COM Version 2 0 Confidential and Proprietary Notice 2020 VOTI Inc Any reproduction translation or adaptation of this manual in whole or in part is prohibited in any form without the...

Страница 2: ...ions and warnings outlined in the Safety section of this manual Failure to follow the instructions in this manual as well as other instructions by VOTI Detection personnel which are intended to ensure...

Страница 3: ...ray generation principles 26 3 Getting started 29 3 1 Checking the system 29 3 2 Powering the system 31 3 3 Performing a shift change 38 4 Interface 40 4 1 Main operator interface 40 4 2 Main viewing...

Страница 4: ...ystem Settings 90 6 9 Image Settings 93 6 10 Diagnostics 94 6 11 Software Versions 95 7 TIP management 97 7 1 General Settings 100 7 2 Access Management 105 7 3 Configuring the threat library 106 7 4...

Страница 5: ...r The security permissions are set in the administration module by the administrator or supervisor The sections in this manual are as follows l Section 1 Introduction Provides an overview of the machi...

Страница 6: ...se with locking wheels and access panels with interlock switches The access panel houses the UPS power distribution box motor controller and X ray generator 4 The access panel contains the power conne...

Страница 7: ...Operator Manual 1 Introduction 7 VOTI Detection has a wide list of XR3D scanners including Table 1 XR3D Scanner Models Model Image XR3D 50T XR3D 50S VOTI 2020 900116 001...

Страница 8: ...Operator Manual 1 Introduction 8 Model Image XR3D 50 XR3D 60S VOTI 2020 900116 001...

Страница 9: ...Operator Manual 1 Introduction 9 Model Image XR3D 60 XR3D 6D VOTI 2020 900116 001...

Страница 10: ...Operator Manual 1 Introduction 10 Model Image XR3D 7 XR3D 7D VOTI 2020 900116 001...

Страница 11: ...Operator Manual 1 Introduction 11 Model Image XR3D 100 XR3D 100D VOTI 2020 900116 001...

Страница 12: ...Operator Manual 1 Introduction 12 Model Image XR3D 100B XR3D 100BD VOTI 2020 900116 001...

Страница 13: ...Operator Manual 1 Introduction 13 Model Image XR3D 15D XR3D 18D VOTI 2020 900116 001...

Страница 14: ...40 C Relative humidity Up to 95 non condensing Main supply voltage variation 120 V or 240 V Main supply voltage fluctuations 10 Pollution degree of the intended environment Pollution Degree 2 only non...

Страница 15: ...ing mode l Manual Search Required MSR to tag items and save the archive files to a specific folder The scanned item is directed to an optional search area l Language Selection provides multilingual op...

Страница 16: ...D is used by an operator as described in Section 5 1 Logging in as an operator Figure 2 Operator Operation Workflow The following flowchart describes how the XR3D is used by a supervisor as described...

Страница 17: ...software and show the Windows operating system This is described in Section 6 1 2 Administrator access rights Figure 4 Administrator Operation Workflow 1 5 Glossary Acronym Definition ALARA As Low As...

Страница 18: ...Energy ICON Image Contrast Optimization ICRP International Commission on Radiological Protection IED Improvised Explosive Devices IEE Image Edge Enhancement kV Kilovoltage LCD Liquid Crystal Display...

Страница 19: ...n Emitting Devices Act Loi sur les dispositifs mettant des radiations SME Subject Matter Expert TMS TIP Management System TSA Transportation Security Administration UI User Interface UPS Uninterruptib...

Страница 20: ...and safety procedures associated with the XR3D 2 1 Responsibility of the owner The owner is responsible for safely operating and maintaining the scanner Owners of devices installed outside of Canada m...

Страница 21: ...s particularly during maintenance to guard against electrical and mechanical hazards 2 3 Personal protective equipment When the machine is properly installed maintained and operated operators are not...

Страница 22: ...on is displayed on the monitor 2 6 Accidental radiation exposure If someone is accidentally exposed to radiation such as by reaching past the protective curtains inside the tunnel while X rays are bei...

Страница 23: ...ces high energy X rays when energized and that unauthorized use is prohibited This caution label indicates to the user to not insert any part of the body beyond the curtains while X rays are being gen...

Страница 24: ...cator lights on top of the unit provide a visual indication of the XR3D status Green lights indicate that the scanner is powered on but no X rays are being generated Red lights indicate that the scann...

Страница 25: ...eset at the factory to run at either 110 120 VAC at 60 Hz or 220 240 VAC at 50 Hz The setting is marked on the scanner near the power input Should the VAC power be cut the UPS supplies power to the co...

Страница 26: ...some of it is released again in the form of X rays A rough diagram of the apparatus is as follows Figure 5 X Ray Generation Operating Principle The value of the voltage applied determines the energy...

Страница 27: ...etal shrouds serve the dual purpose of preventing someone from reaching inside the tunnel and preventing any radiation that escapes out from the curtains from scattering further X rays are only produc...

Страница 28: ...ontrols l The photosensors inside the scanner must detect an item in the tunnel During X ray generation a radiation symbol appears on the monitor along with a text message saying X rays are being gene...

Страница 29: ...wer outlet 3 The emergency stop buttons are fully extended 4 The circuit breaker is in the ON position 5 The access panels are securely set in place with security screws This ensures that the interloc...

Страница 30: ...Operator Manual 3 Getting started 30 Figure 7 BioSans User Interface with Locked Status Figure 8 Locked Status Interlock VOTI 2020 900116 001...

Страница 31: ...f an extension cord must be used it should not exceed 10 meters and be at least 16 gauge 2 Verify that the two emergency stop buttons are fully extended 3 On the base panel flip the circuit breaker to...

Страница 32: ...UPS Figure 10 UPS C Press and hold the UPS power button until it beeps D Close and secure the access panel using the security screws 5 Turn the key clockwise to the unlocked position then to the star...

Страница 33: ...enu Figure 12 System Diagnostic Check if the System is Ready to Scan 7 The operator login screen will appear on the monitor NOTE If you press the power button on the login screen after the system has...

Страница 34: ...started 34 3 2 2 Turning the power off To turn off the power on the XR3D 1 Click on the operator icon if you are logged into the operator interface and select Logout Figure 13 BioSans User Interface L...

Страница 35: ...Operator Manual 3 Getting started 35 2 The following screen will appear Figure 14 Logout Options 3 Click Yes P1 Figure 15 Logout Options Buttons VOTI 2020 900116 001...

Страница 36: ...ion 6 Turn the circuit breaker to the OFF position IMPORTANT If performing a maintenance task that requires all power be removed push the UPS on off button until it beeps indicating the unit is off Fo...

Страница 37: ...top the XR3D immediately in case of an emergency l Push the emergency stop button o All power to the conveyor belt and the X ray generator is cut o A timer appears in the System Operator Messages pane...

Страница 38: ...ed 38 3 3 Performing a shift change To change operators 1 Click on the operator icon and click Logout Figure 17 BioSans Logout Icon 2 Click Switch P3 to switch users without signing out Figure 18 Logo...

Страница 39: ...arted 39 3 The login screen will appear The new operator can enter their username and password and click Operator in the permissions area Figure 19 BioSans Login Menu 4 Click Login to start the XR3D s...

Страница 40: ...ner e g the conveyor belt X ray generation and archived data using the touchscreen monitor or console 4 1 1 Standard interface The standard interface contains a wide variety of controls and informatio...

Страница 41: ...s For example double clicking in the Main Viewing Screen toggles Zoom and Pan operations There are thumbnail versions of the current scan for example Organic Inorganic Black White that appear in the A...

Страница 42: ...he contrast of the displayed image between 5 and 5 l Image Edge Enhancement control adjusts the image edge display such as to Max Superior High Low Inferior and None In some scans for example wire is...

Страница 43: ...les between Zoom At Number Atomic Number HD Enhance High Density Enhance and VHD Enhance Very High Density Enhance modes 2 The second button set toggles between Live and Archive modes 4 4 1 Archive an...

Страница 44: ...e 1 If needed click the button in the Change System Status Mode pane until it displays the word Zoom on the button 2 Move the cursor in the main viewing screen over the scanned image 3 Move the cursor...

Страница 45: ...Figure 26 System Status Set to Pan To pan over the scanned image 1 Enter Zoom mode 2 Double click on the scanned image 3 Drag the open hand cursor to move the image in that direction 4 4 4 At Number U...

Страница 46: ...a scan the information displays on the screen 1 Click the button in the Change System Status Mode pane until the button displays At Number and the System Operator Messages pane displays Atomic Number...

Страница 47: ...y is also known as high attenuation where high attenuation areas are proportional to density multiplied by thickness Attenuation Density x Thickness If there is something in the item that is thick and...

Страница 48: ...rator can log off the current session and close the interface Figure 31 Operator Identification by Name 4 6 View options The View options selections determine how the scanned image displays in the Mai...

Страница 49: ...o stop the auto contrast feature click the button again To go through the contrast a slice at a time click the contrast control 4 6 2 Color Clicking displays items in a color representation of their r...

Страница 50: ...g exits a Zoom Pan or Flip operation and returns the image view in the Main Viewing Area to its original scanned size and orientation The image displays in the default mode set in the General Settings...

Страница 51: ...ars in the System Operator Messages pane The list of the possible threats that are identified are stored in the configuration file The list of items to be detected is customizable for explosives and n...

Страница 52: ...ed its own color 4 7 4 ICON Clicking Image Contrast Optimization toggles the function on or off The ICON function optimizes the view of object scanned NOTE Only one of the HAI or ICON functions can be...

Страница 53: ...sages area and in the MSR message area at the bottom of the screen The scanned item s image is also tagged with an MSR flag for example MSR is added to the file name which is used as a filter in the A...

Страница 54: ...OTE If selected by the administrator the supervisor may have access to the detection lists the TIP parameters and the risk assessment parameters l Administrator Accesses the administration module to c...

Страница 55: ...system as an operator 1 Enter an operator username and password click BioSans in the permission area and click Login Figure 42 BioSans Login Menu Log in as an Operator 2 Click OK on both system initi...

Страница 56: ...or Manual 5 Conducting a scan 56 Figure 44 System Initialization X Ray Calibration 3 The BioSans user interface will launch Figure 45 BioSans User interface after System Initialization VOTI 2020 90011...

Страница 57: ...essure sensitive mat The X ray generator will only function if there is pressure on the mat The interlock indicator displays on the monitor if no one is on the mat Figure 47 Floor Mat Optional 4 Click...

Страница 58: ...ray generation A warning icon appears on the monitor Figure 48 X Ray On Icon Figure 49 BioSans User Interface with X Ray On Icon 7 After the end of the item passes by the photosensor in the tunnel the...

Страница 59: ...ator module l Black and White image Based on the attenuation of materials density and thickness l Color image Based on the atomic number of materials three different colors l Organic elimination This...

Страница 60: ...Operator Manual 5 Conducting a scan 60 Figure 51 Switching X Ray Views on Screen 2 VOTI 2020 900116 001...

Страница 61: ...e arrow to cycle through the archives 4 To return to Live mode click the Archive button in the Change System Status Mode pane The button switches to Supervisor and administrator permission Operators w...

Страница 62: ...To move through the archive use the double arrows 3 To move faster through the archive use the sliding bar located between the two arrows As you move through the archive the information on the top of...

Страница 63: ...scan Figure 54 Identifying Archives 5 Enter a specific scan number in the text area and click to display information on that archive number Figure 55 Archive Number 6 Click to view the data informatio...

Страница 64: ...Manual 5 Conducting a scan 64 8 To return to the main operator interface click 9 To return to Live mode click the button in the Change System Status Mode pane The message box switches to VOTI 2020 90...

Страница 65: ...nned item s images and archive XR3D data l Language Selection Sets the default and second display language l Material Classification option Sets specific material to detect l Risk Assessment option Se...

Страница 66: ...Risk Assessment if available Rights must be given by the administrator 6 1 2 Administrator access rights Administrator permission allows access to all tabs in the administration module Administrator p...

Страница 67: ...your username and password Figure 57 BioSans Login Menu 2 Click Administrator in the permission area 3 Click Login The administration window appears The default view displays the General Settings tab...

Страница 68: ...clicks Stop l Selecting Automatic Detection ON changes the operational mode of the scanner so that potential threats are identified without the operator needing to press the Detect button l Log Level...

Страница 69: ...ic Logoff on allows you to choose a period of inactivity in minutes after which a user is automatically logged off l Selecting Secured USB ON activates the USB slot on the keypad This allows a supervi...

Страница 70: ...to contrast feature click the Pseudo button again To go through the contrast a slice at a time click the contrast control Black White Mode Displays items in black and white based on the attenuation of...

Страница 71: ...ist of current users stored in the database of the unit Selecting Current users Deleted users or All users changes the list of the users to display only the current users deleted users or a historical...

Страница 72: ...anagement tab click Add user The Add User window appears Figure 60 User Management Add User 2 Click on the Username field and enter the name of the new user If you enter an invalid or existing usernam...

Страница 73: ...he Email Address field and enter the new user s email address if required 7 Select the user s gender if required 8 Check the access type for the new user o Supervisor in addition to all operator permi...

Страница 74: ...me o Select Define shift to activate the date and time selector Setting a start and end time limits the user s access to a specific shift time 10 Click Create Account to confirm the information and ex...

Страница 75: ...Editing an existing user To edit the parameters of an existing user 1 In the User Management tab click to highlight an existing user in the list of current users 2 Click Edit User The Edit User window...

Страница 76: ...ete click Save to confirm and close the window 6 3 3 Viewing user details To view the details of an existing user 1 In the User Management tab click on an existing user in the list of current users To...

Страница 77: ...Operator Manual 6 Administration module 77 Figure 67 User Logs With Time 3 Click a date in the calendar to display the activities for a specific day for the selected user VOTI 2020 900116 001...

Страница 78: ...rrent users 2 Click Delete user Figure 68 Delete a User 3 A dialog box will appear Click Yes to delete the selected user and close the dialog box Figure 69 Warning Message Delete a User 4 The selected...

Страница 79: ...Operator Manual 6 Administration module 79 Figure 70 Deleted Users List NOTE To reinstate a user highlight the user name in the Deleted Users list and click the Restore button VOTI 2020 900116 001...

Страница 80: ...FF the scanner does not save any scanned item image l Continuous Archive Display When ON all the archived images are displayed continuously in archive mode Clicking on only the left arrow in this mode...

Страница 81: ...hen the archive reaches capacity Two options are available o Erase oldest files Select the number of days after which the archives will be erased in order to create space for future scan images o Make...

Страница 82: ...Apply sets the parameters for the current operation only After the system is restarted the parameters reset to the default factory settings To use this setting for all operations also use Default l De...

Страница 83: ...es The files will be transferred to the storage device but they will remain on the hard drive of the unit o Move Files The files will be transferred to the storage device and erased from the hard driv...

Страница 84: ...ton for example or or or Clicking the language button toggles the operator interface to display the controls in the selected language Figure 76 Archive Menu Language Selection 6 6 Material Classificat...

Страница 85: ...ays access to this feature Supervisor users can have access depending on their permission rights set in the User Management tab Selecting Use the extended material list activates the Add Remove and Ed...

Страница 86: ...e added or modified To add or edit an existing detection material setting 1 Select Use the extended material list 2 Click Add or click on an item in the grid and click Edit Figure 78 Editing a Materia...

Страница 87: ...rial or click Apply to accept the changes to an existing material The new item or changes appears in the table Figure 81 Material Added in the List 5 Check the box next to All If the check box is not...

Страница 88: ...detectable material 1 Select Use the extended material list 2 Select a family such as Plastic Compound 3 Select a material to delete and click Remove Figure 82 Remove Material 4 A confirmation dialog...

Страница 89: ...ave access depending on their permission rights set in the User Management tab l LOW GUARDED and ELEVATED perform regular scans The speed of the conveyor belt is 44 feet min Options such as continuous...

Страница 90: ...g this module These tests are performed by a technician during the general maintenance schedule or can be performed by an administrator or supervisor in this module Figure 84 Admin Menu Advanced Syste...

Страница 91: ...a technician or an administrator supervisor in this module l Monoblock Prompts a BioSans application to season the generator This is performed by a technician only Administrators and supervisors do n...

Страница 92: ...al USB key These logs are important for checking machine behavior and detecting the root causes of errors Figure 86 System Logs Window l DIOX Prompts a BioSans application to check and verify the XR3D...

Страница 93: ...g levels for the different image types To edit these image settings 1 Select the desired image type from the Image Selection drop down menu Figure 87 Admin Menu Image Settings 2 Choose the desired Def...

Страница 94: ...EFAULT and then APPLY Figure 89 Image Settings Default Contrast and Sharpening Levels 6 10 Diagnostics The Diagnostics tab contains FDRS Field Data Reporting System logs which can be exported using th...

Страница 95: ...minutes l Belt running time hours minutes l Standby time hours minutes i e time in sleep mode l Calibration events and results l Software configuration changes l Alarm events and diagnostic results l...

Страница 96: ...Operator Manual 6 Administration module 96 Figure 91 Admin Menu Software Versions VOTI 2020 900116 001...

Страница 97: ...out any service interruption l Performance evaluation l Confirmation of operator attention For example an image of a gun appears in the scan awaiting the appropriate action from an operator Figure 92...

Страница 98: ...if the MANUAL SEARCH REQUIRED button has been pressed It will either be a false alarm or tell them that they hit the target l If there is a threat and they do not press the MANUAL SEARCH REQUIRED butt...

Страница 99: ...Operator Manual 7 TIP management 99 Figure 94 BioSans Login Menu Log in to TMS VOTI 2020 900116 001...

Страница 100: ...gs 7 1 1 TIP Options The parameters in General Settings control the frequency and type of threat displayed The TIP functionality is controlled by clicking either the TIP Status ON or OFF button and cl...

Страница 101: ...nerator is used with the set percentage of occurrence If set to 40 then each individual bag has a 40 chance of containing a threat Initial decision period time The TIP image is visible for as long as...

Страница 102: ...one 1 TIP The TIP image will appear randomly in any of the 100 bags 3 in 10 If Baggage Proportion is 1 in 100 and Diversification Range is 30 then a threat will be inserted in an interval of 70 to 13...

Страница 103: ...P Output Messages This window allows TIP management users to set the messages operators will see when the TIP system is on Click APPLY to set the new message and OK to save and close the window Figure...

Страница 104: ...P image If an item is detected by the operator the suspicious item is real NO TIP IMAGE DISPLAYED or MANUAL SEARCH REQUIRED FOR THIS BAGGAGE OR CALL A SUPERVISOR TIP Image Missed Displays when the ope...

Страница 105: ...error when displaying the TIP image This message is to tell the operator there has been a system error regarding the TIP image TIP IMAGE CANCELLED or ANALYZE AGAIN TO LOOK FOR REAL THREATS 7 2 Access...

Страница 106: ...evices The library contains a sufficient variety and quantity of images to ensure that operators cannot anticipate or memorize the projected images The civil aviation authority of the country where th...

Страница 107: ...echnique de l Aviation Civile STAC l UK Civil Aviation Authority CAA Figure 99 TIP Threat Library In the threat library click Add TIP From Files or Add TIP From Archive or select an existing threat an...

Страница 108: ...ent Library tab and selecting the Add and Edit buttons l Editing the information in workbook software for example Excel and copying the new TIP data into the XR3D database After creating or editing TI...

Страница 109: ...rcentage of knives detected by the operator o Percentage of IEDs detected by the operator l Monthly Individual Results displays each operator s monthly results l Individual results displays the report...

Страница 110: ...t 110 All reports can be viewed online The report date can be selected using the calendar on the side of the report screen Reports can be downloaded to a USB by clicking Download Figure 102 Download T...

Страница 111: ...supervisor data for assessing operator performance Similar to TIP in Live mode the training mode functions by inserting threat images from the database into archived scans The TIP Operator Training s...

Страница 112: ...ress the forward arrow to start the training Figure 104 Starting TIP Operator Training 4 Once a scan appears on the screen you can either clear the scan by pressing the forward button again or pressin...

Страница 113: ...and do not identify an existing threat TIP MISSED will appear in red on the right side of the screen NOTE This message will also appear if you exceed the time limit to identify a threat which is set...

Страница 114: ...ive a FALSE ALARM message Figure 107 FALSE ALARM 7 If you identify a threat and press MSR within the required time limit you will receive a TIP HIT message Figure 108 TIP HIT 8 The training continues...

Страница 115: ...ing Results To see only the training results select Show Only Training Info Otherwise the results will show combined information for both live and training sessions Figure 109 Training Results The TIP...

Страница 116: ...Accident Investigation Report Appendix...

Страница 117: ...com Facility name and address Description of incident Actions taken care for the victim of exposure immediate repair of equipment Corrective action specify dates when implemented Additional comments...

Страница 118: ...VOTIDETECTION COM VOTI Detection 790 Begin St St Laurent QC H4M 2N5 Canada...

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