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AP401FULL-HD_rev.09_UK

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4.9.

MEASURING OPTICAL LOSSES

In fibre optic distribution networks, it is possible to measure the optical losses at any given
point downstream from the measurement point used for the ref POW.

The measurement can be carried out in the following manner:

⇒

Connect the optical input at the desired measurement point, downstream from the

LNB or the headend (ref POW). The power of the measured signal will be indicated
on the instrument’s status bar, under the optPOW item.

The optical loss value will be shown on the field strength meter’s display, in the field
labelled OPT Loss. This value is calculated using the “refPOW” reference value and

the power of the signal currently connected to the optical input.

4.9.1.

DIGITAL MEASUREMENTS IN OPTICAL MODE

The instrument comes equipped with an internal OPTICAL – RF converter.
This allows for measurements, such a BER, MER, etc., to be carried out while the

instrument is operating in optical mode.
Carrier tuning operations and digital measurements are carried out using the same

procedures as those which are described for the RF measurements.

Note:

With regards to satellite band, OPTICAL – RF conversion only allows for the

transponders of the received satellite’s low vertical band to be tuned.

4.10.

SYNC PULSE

In measurement mode, the horizontal sync pulse appears on the left hand side of the

screen, as on an oscilloscope. This indicator can provide for extremely important
information, especially in terrestrial band. For example, the reduction of the sync pulse

could indicate the compression of the control unit’s amplifier, while the
reduction/enhancement of the burst could indicate the incorrect calibration of the amplifier

for the channel being monitored.

4.11.

MEASUREMENT OF DIGITAL SIGNAL POWER

The power measurement can also be carried out by integrating the energy of the entire

digital channel. In order to initiate the measurement, hold down the

"MEA"

button and

select the INTEGRAL DCP function from the menu. The instrument will carry out the

measurement inside the channel with a central frequency corresponding to the tuning

frequency and bandwidth of the previously configured channel. The result is shown directly
upon the menu line.

4.12.

CARRIER/NOISE RATIO MEASUREMENT

The instrument carries out the Carrier/Noise (C/N) ratio measurement in different manners,

based on the terrestrial or satellite band and the analogue or digital signal. The

measurement of the noise should be carried out by shutting off the carrier; if this method
should prove to be ineffective, select a nearby frequency that is free of any other signals.

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Содержание AP 401 Full HD

Страница 1: ...UNAOHM S r l Via G di Vittorio 49 20068 Peschiera Borromeo MI Italy Tel 39 02 36577787 Fax 39 02 51650195 Web www unaohm it E mail sales unaohm it ...

Страница 2: ...YSTEM IN USE 18 4 6 FREQUENCY CHANNEL STORAGE 18 4 6 1 PROGRAM PR MENU 18 4 6 1 1 INSPECTING EDITING STORED CHANNELS 19 4 7 MEASUREMENT 20 4 7 1 RF MEASUREMENT 20 4 7 2 MEASUREMENT MEA MENU 20 4 7 3 MEASUREMENT BANDWIDTH 21 4 7 4 USING THE ATTENUATOR 21 4 8 MEASURING THE OPTICAL POWER 22 4 9 MEASURING OPTICAL LOSSES 23 4 9 1 DIGITAL MEASUREMENTS IN OPTICAL MODE 23 4 10 SYNC PULSE 23 4 11 MEASUREME...

Страница 3: ...LAY 32 4 17 2 BUTTONS WITH SECONDARY FUNCTIONS 32 4 18 MENU CH CHANNEL 33 4 18 1 CHANNEL TABLE 33 4 18 2 SEARCH CHANNEL 33 4 18 3 LTE 34 5 DIGITAL MEASUREMENTS 34 6 DEMODULATOR CARDS FOR DVB S S2 DVB T T2 DVB C 35 6 1 INTRODUCTION 35 6 2 MEASUREMENTS IN QPSK 8PSK 35 6 2 1 USE OF THE CARD 36 6 2 2 TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS 36 6 3 MEASUREMENTS IN OFDM DVB T T2 37 6 3 1 CH BER POST VITERBI BER and BC...

Страница 4: ...UTPUTS 48 10 1 STANDARD SCART CONNECTOR 48 10 2 HDMI CONNECTION 48 10 3 RS 232 SERIAL PORT AND USB PORT 48 10 3 1 Transmission format 48 11 PC MANAGEMENT AND REMOTE CONTROL SOFTWARE 49 11 1 General Information 49 11 2 Contents of the program installation folder 49 11 3 Warnings 49 12 USING THE PROGRAM 49 12 1 Select RS232 Port 51 12 2 User Program Setup 52 12 3 Data Logger Setup 53 12 4 Data Logge...

Страница 5: ...ent can be utilized under Overvoltage Category IIa and Pollution Rating 2 conditions In order to prevent the formation of humidity condensation avoid turning on the device immediately after it has been moved from a cold environment to a warm environment Keep the device away from heat sources and be careful to avoid blocking any of its cooling vents For prolonged use in laboratories or at fixed wor...

Страница 6: ...mended to avoid doing so in the immediate vicinity of the device as even tiny pieces of wire from the braided sheath could enter the unit and result in occasional short circuiting Such issues cannot be easily detected by technical service personnel 1 3 MAINTENANCE Any operations involving the opening of the device and interventions upon its internal components must only be carried out by qualified...

Страница 7: ...ice In addition to its horizontal position the instrument can also function in a vertical position resting upon its base The customer is advised to check the proper functionality of the instrument on a regular basis at least once a year to be followed by calibration if necessary Worn carrying cases and or straps should also be replaced in order to avoid accidents as previously described in section...

Страница 8: ...tion parameters can be provided based on the available versions These digital signals if free to air may be viewed by means of the MPEG4 MPEG2 decoder A 5 7 colour LCD display for viewing TV signals spectral analyses horizontal synch pulses analogue measurement bars programming options the frequency indication the channel the level the program the status of the instrument and the menus Frequency s...

Страница 9: ...ng an acoustic note with a tone proportional to the level of the input signal Measurement Switchable to near peak or average value Measurement bandwidth at 3 dB HF VHF UHF 100 kHz 1 MHz selectable SAT 100 kHz 1 MHz 4 MHz selectable Input impedance Dissymmetrical at 75Ω 50Ω upon request with DC component blocker Maximum applicable voltage 100 Vdc with LNB voltage excluded and or 5 Vpp RF Input conn...

Страница 10: ... range From 5 MHz to 2150 MHz in 5 bands in real time C 5 to 65 MHz L 45 to 156 MHz M 156 to 454 MHz H 454 to 900 MHz SAT 900 to 2150 MHz Optical converted to RF from 47 to 2250 MHz Level For VHF UHF SAT bands from 20 to 130 dBµV For C band 5 to 65 MHz from 40 to 130 dBµV Dynamic range on screen 40 dB for the HF VHF UHF SAT bands Explored frequency range 100 of each selected band C L M H SAT with ...

Страница 11: ...ception standard selectable in SAT band Audio characteristics Demodulators Selectable for TV AM FM modulated signals Frequency subcarriers 1 Automatically selected for the VHF UHF frequency range based on the TV standard 2 Adjustable for the SAT frequency range in increments of 10 kHz from 5 MHz to 9 77 MHz by means of PLL frequency synthesis De emphasis Selectable in 4 steps only for the SAT freq...

Страница 12: ...o 15 5 V 5 A max Mechanical characteristics Dimensions Height x width x depth 110 x 250 x 250 mm Weight 4 kg with all options and battery installed in carrying case with accessories Presentation In a nylon carrying case with accessory compartment and strap for easy transport Environmental characteristics Calibration temperature The specified precision values refer to a room temperature of 23 C 5 C...

Страница 13: ... 65 5 to 65 MHZ CONVERTER MODULE FACTORY INSTALLED NG 96 F INTERNAL NOISE GENERATOR FP 2E CAR BATTERY CHARGER ATO 10 FC APC 10 DB CALIBRATED OPTICAL ATTENUATOR BR FC APC FC PC FC APC FC PC CONNECTION ADAPTER BR FC APC SC APC FC APC SC APC CONNECTION ADAPTER ...

Страница 14: ...AP401FULL HD_rev 09_UK 13 Figure 1 Front control panel ...

Страница 15: ...AP401FULL HD_rev 09_UK 14 Figure 2 Right side Figure 3 Left side ...

Страница 16: ...rrestrial TV and SAT band RF input connector 4 Alphanumeric keyboard and function keys 5 High resolution 5 7 LCD colour display 6 FC APC optical input connector On the right side 1 USB connector for PC connection 2 RS232 connector for PC connection 3 HDMI port digital Audio and Video output 4 Standard SCART connector On the left side 1 External DC power supply connector 2 RF output connector of th...

Страница 17: ...ut as that which is used for the external power supply 4 2 TURNING THE DEVICE ON OFF Press the button to turn the instrument on In order to shut the device off hold the same button down for a few seconds This procedure ensures that the data saved during the work session will remain in the unit s non volatile memory and that the device will return to the same operating mode when turned back on 4 3 ...

Страница 18: ... for frequency to alternate between channel mode and frequency mode The indicator that corresponds to the selection will flash on the status bar Whichever mode has been selected the tuning is carried out by turning the shaft encoder dial or else by inserting the values using the numeric keyboard Press ENTER to confirm the settings In satellite band it is possible to alternate between viewing the f...

Страница 19: ...ng system is use under the CHANNEL TABLE item 4 6 FREQUENCY CHANNEL STORAGE In order to store a frequency or channel in one of the 100 available program memory slots proceed in the following manner I Insert the number of the program in which you would like to store the frequency or channel II Insert the frequency or channel III Press the 2nd button and then the STORE button IV Use the same procedu...

Страница 20: ...unction In order to make a selection turn the DIAL to highlight the desired item and press ENTER Perform the desired modifications and press ENTER again A number of sample program tables are provided below PR 2 ANLG ID NEWS4 FR 471 25 STD BG CH 21 ITALY DEM TV RBW w LNB OFF 22kHz OFF C N OFF PR 34 DIGI ID CULT FR 778 00 STD BG CH 59 ITALY DEM TV RBW 1MHz LNB OFF 22kHz OFF OFDM CHBW 8MHZ SPECT Dir ...

Страница 21: ...e from LEV for the measurement of the analogue level to POW for the measurement of the digital carriers Set the appropriate modulator for the type of signal to be measured TV for analogue television video carriers FM for Frequency Modulation carriers and AM for Amplitude Modulation carriers The instrument will display the following information The level of the signal in numeric format The relative...

Страница 22: ...us bar at the bottom of the screen When the attenuation value is inserted the instrument will take it into account and will indicate the actual input value If the full scale value is exceeded the symbol will appear next to the level measurement in this case the attenuation value must be increased If the symbol appears on the other hand this means that the level is below the minimum measurable valu...

Страница 23: ...o appear on the instrument s display 1 The optical window wave length in use will appear in the upper central portion of the screen 1310 nm 1490 nm 1550 nm The optical window to be used for the measurements can be selected in the following manner Hold down the LNB button for about 3 seconds The relative menu will appear on the display Turn the dial to select the Optical Menu item and press ENTER t...

Страница 24: ...e received satellite s low vertical band to be tuned 4 10 SYNC PULSE In measurement mode the horizontal sync pulse appears on the left hand side of the screen as on an oscilloscope This indicator can provide for extremely important information especially in terrestrial band For example the reduction of the sync pulse could indicate the compression of the control unit s amplifier while the reductio...

Страница 25: ...e tuner s AGC The instrument behaves like a typical television allowing for a true evaluation of the system s response 4 12 3 TV MENU Hold down the TV button to access the menu Turn the Shaft Encoder to select the desired item and press ENTER to enable it Press the TV button again to exit The menu items include the following 4 12 3 1 STANDARD Used to select the television standard that will be con...

Страница 26: ...KHz tone AMPS enables or disables the display of the current consumed by the LNB instead of the power supply voltage 24 V enables or disables the 24 V step or else the range from 18 to 24 V AUTO RESET this function allows for the auto reset mode to be configured for the LNB s power supply voltage NOTE if no charge is connected the voltage of the LNB could drop very slowly due to the internal filte...

Страница 27: ...in the first field on the list DiSEqC USER select this item to enable the configuration of the following four commands USER1 USER2 USER3 and USER4 whose codes are defined by the user In order to configure these commands select the desired item and press the ENTER button Next use the keyboard to insert the characters for the code to be set For alphabetical characters use the appropriate keyboard fu...

Страница 28: ...saved within the motor s programs Exit exits the menu To exit the menu and return to normal operating mode press the DiSEqC button 4 13 3 1 USING THE DISEQC SCR FUNCTION Turning the shaft encoder move the cursor to DiSEqC SCR item Press ENTER Turning the shaft encoder again select the kind of LNB to drive between mono feed and dual feed Press ENTER to confirm The screen displays the submenu to sel...

Страница 29: ...tton to exit SCR mode the SCR function will be deactivated and the instrument will return to the main screen 4 14 SOUND 4 14 1 FOR TERRESTRIAL CHANNELS The instrument is equipped with three audio demodulators that are automatically selected by the instrument based on the type of measurement demodulator in use TV For television signals the relative audio subcarrier frequency 5 5 6 6 5 MHz and the t...

Страница 30: ...Hz or 100 kHz VIDEO F used to enable or disable the video filter BAND used to select the TV or SAT band to be viewed MARKER used to select the marker setting analogue for level measurement digital for power measurement In order to make a selection turn the SHAFT ENCODER to highlight the desired item and press ENTER to confirm The indicated value will flash Turn the shaft encoder to select the desi...

Страница 31: ...n the screen Press the SPECT button to exit the menu 4 16 DATA LOGGER The instrument s Data Logger allows for measurements to be performed and for the results to be stored in the system s memory The stored data can then be accessed by means of the system s display as well as through the RS232 serial port For each entry in addition to the frequency and channel the following elements can also be sav...

Страница 32: ...he desired value CLEAR When this box is selected press the ENTER button to clear the contents of the selected item STATUS When this box is configured the ENTER button can be pressed to choose the method for selecting the on or off status for the positions in the plan as indicted below ALL sets all the positions to on NONE sets all the positions to off ONE BY ONE allows for the status to be set for...

Страница 33: ...If the device is not installed the label absent will appear 4 17 1 5 LANGUAGE Press ENTER and turn the shaft encoder to set the desired menu language 4 17 1 6 PLUG and PLAY Enables or disables Plug and Play functionality This function must be enabled whenever any hardware modifications are made to the instrument for example when the user adds an optional card If this function is disabled the devic...

Страница 34: ...the numeric keyboard or else the shaft encoder in increments of 1 dBuV Min Dig Pow similar to Min Anl Lev but for digital channels Exit exits the function The same function can be also be activated by holding down the CH button for a few seconds and then selecting the SEARCH CHANNELS item from the submenu 2nd NG pressing this button combination enables and disables the noise generator 2nd 22K allo...

Страница 35: ...ilters to analyze the best of their coexistence The markers will then automatically be positioned on the frequencies of channel 60 and channel 61 activating continuous calculation in real time comparing the power of channel 61 to that of channel 60 ΔLTE communicates the resulting ratio between the two signals in real time ΔLTE 30 critical condition filter not working properly or absent ΔLTE just u...

Страница 36: ...s the modulation Code Rate and is followed by the indication of the value The recognition and the setting are both automatic SPECT indicates the modulation polarity and is followed by the indication of the setting Recognition is automatic LOCKED green when the signal is locked or else UNLOCKED in red when the SYMBOL RATE and or MODE values do not correspond to the correct values and the signal is ...

Страница 37: ...nce of the digital signal by configuring the instrument in spectrum analyzer mode To activate the card press the DIGI button In order for the module to function properly the indicated PWR index level must be OK Use the attenuator if necessary Note Use the lowest possible attenuation compatible with the OK indication Proceed in the following manner to configure the MODE and SYMBOL RATE parameters 1...

Страница 38: ...h is initially only one so as to synthesize the final complex signal An algorithm in the receiver is even capable of breaking down the incoming signal into the various carriers of which it is comprised and then decoding them 6 3 1 CH BER POST VITERBI BER and BCHBER The measurements of the OFDM signal received are sub divided into CH BER measurement of the errors carried out immediately prior to th...

Страница 39: ...centage value the less reliable the reception of the digital signal The best theoretical value would therefore be 0 while the worst would be 100 6 3 6 USE OF THE CARD Set the frequency like for that of a normal analogue channel Although the measurement can also be carried out in Measurement mode it may be useful to visually check for the presence of the digital signal by configuring the instrument...

Страница 40: ... of 20 dB below that of the main signal The equalizer response can also be used as a control in the case of isofrequency transmissions If various transmitters are being received simultaneously ideally their signals should arrive at the same instant As the transmitters will normally be positioned in various locations their signals will also arrive at different times The maximum difference between t...

Страница 41: ... 2 to 1E 6 PV BER Post Viterbi BER Indicated level from 1E 2 to 1E 7 Lock indicators Locked Unlocked No Signal Power index LOW OK HIGH DVB T2 Frequency range 42 870 MHz Modulation QPSK 16QAM 64QAM 256QAM automatic Code Rate 1 2 3 5 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 automatic Spectrum Direct Inverted automatic Guard 1 4 1 8 1 16 1 32 1 128 19 128 19 256 automatic Carriers number 1k 2k 4k 8k 16k 32k automatic Bandwid...

Страница 42: ... the MER is similar to the Carrier Noise C N ratio of an analogue signal measured in base band It must therefore not be confused with the C N measurement which is carried out in Radio Frequency 6 4 3 NM Noise Margin The Noise Margin is a calculated estimate in dB of how much the carrier noise ratio can deteriorate before reception will be compromised based on the set reception parameters and the m...

Страница 43: ...r this case as well In order to activate the PULSE RESPONSE AER function press MENU and select the corresponding box Press ENTER to confirm the selection Press SPECT to exit the QAM function 6 4 6 Technical characteristics QAM Card Frequency range 47 to 860 MHz Symbol rate 1 to 7 MS s Modulation Automatic 64 128 256 QAM Spectrum Automatic Direct inverted RU Reed Solomon uncorrected Maximum count 6...

Страница 44: ...e constellation diagram is need to lock the signal in digital measurements mask The display of the constellation is activated as follows from digital measurements mask DIGI press the MENU select the CONST from list of features press ENTER to activate function The diagram of the constellation is displayed on the monitor pressing the MENU open the functions I EXIT returns to the digital measurements...

Страница 45: ...K Signal DVB S2 8PSK Signal DVB T 16 QAM Signal DVB T 64 QAM Signal EXAMPLE OF QUALITY VALUATION OF A DVB T SIGNAL OBSERVING THE CONSTELLATION DVB T 64 QAM Signal DVB T 64 QAM Signal Poor quality good quality Presence of noise low noise ...

Страница 46: ...be viewed 8 2 Use of the Card The MPEG signal to be decoded and viewed must be furnished by the QPSK 8PSK QAM or OFDM modules For correct use please refer to the relative chapters The card can be enabled by pressing the TV button from the digital measurement screen 8 2 1 Description of the Network information table If present in the TS the name of the network will appear on one line at the top of ...

Страница 47: ...AP401FULL HD_rev 09_UK 46 NOTE Certain programs may not be transmitted as declared In such cases the corresponding line may be green despite the fact that the signal is encrypted or vice versa ...

Страница 48: ...rs Noise generators are regularly used for calibrating channel amplifiers controlling standing waves controlling impedance and controlling the integrity of coaxial cables NOTE Due to its high output power about 1 mW the NG96 can easily saturate the device s measurement inputs it is therefore necessary to make sure that this does not take place Position an attenuator at the device s measurement inp...

Страница 49: ...e it is possible to control an external monitor as well as to view the images and listen to the audio 10 3 RS 232 SERIAL PORT AND USB PORT The RS232 serial port 4 and USB port 3 allow for the instrument to be connected to a Personal Computer an external printer our model STP165 or other devices including third party printers The connection scheme for connecting the RS232 cable to a Personal Comput...

Страница 50: ...ertification of TV systems 11 2 Contents of the program installation folder SUPPORT RSW_AP401 CAB file cabinet setup exe installation file SETUP LST installation configuration file 11 3 Warnings The PC must be equipped with an RS232 serial port or USB port to which the instrument can be connected 12 Using the program The PC must be connected to the instrument by means of an appropriate serial or U...

Страница 51: ...up Impostazione programmi utente Data Logger Setup Impostazione Data Logger Data Logger Select RS232 Port Selezione porta RS232 Interoperability Certification Testing ICT Reportistica di certificazione impianto In order to select the program s interface language press the button with the flag representing the desired language The program s various sections are described in greater detail below ...

Страница 52: ... PC to which the instrument is connected In order to do so click the Select RS232 Port icon which opens the window shown in figure 2 Figure 2 Select RS485 Port This window contains a drop down menu which allows the user to select the port on the PC to which the instrument is connected After having made the selection click the OK button to close the window Instrument setup ...

Страница 53: ... Setup This section allows for the creation management digital storage and transmission of various user program groups to the instrument a program group is called a plan Each plan identified with a name can contain up to a maximum of 100 programs Figure 3 Example of parameter settings for an analogue terrestrial channel Frequency Terrestrial Options Channel Country Channel Digital Plan name Progr ...

Страница 54: ...of the parameter fields are mandatory while others are optional If the user should attempt to save a program configuration without having set all of the mandatory parameters an error message will be displayed 12 3 Data Logger Setup This section allows for the creation management digital storage and transmission of various Data Logger program groups to the instrument Each plan identified with a nam...

Страница 55: ...d Data Logger plans The plan is that which is indicated in the AP401 Plan menu Data download transmits the acquisition data in relation to the plan indicated in the AP401 Plan menu from the instrument to the PC Clear last clears the last entry in relation to the plan indicated in the AP401 Plan menu Clear all clears all of the entries in relation to the plan indicated in the AP401 Plan menu Icons ...

Страница 56: ...arding the TV system to be certified Press OK Select the acquisition number in relation to the control unit s input RF signal Press OK Select the acquisition number in relation to the control unit s output RF signal Press OK Select the number of the first acquisition in relation to the system s 1 upright Press OK The user will then be prompted to insert the second acquisition in relation to the sa...

Страница 57: ...ther hand leave the field blank and confirm The program produces the files containing the most important measurements for each of the system s uprights A message will appear indicating the names of the files produced as well as the path which corresponds to the software s installation directory The files are in HTML format In order to view the files just open them using Openoffice Writer Microsoft...

Страница 58: ...eir devices as long as such interventions are deemed cost effective The reparability of the mechanical spare parts as well as any electronic circuits manufactured using distinct components is guaranteed for a period of up to 5 years in the case of integrated circuits the availability of spare parts is guaranteed while supplies last and subsequently as long as they are available on the market Instr...

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