General Information— 2230 Service
Finite resolution affects any measurement using
discrete numbers. All digital storage stores amplitude
values as discrete numbers and associates those ampli
tude numbers with discretely numbered times. Many mea
surements must be rounded or truncated. The size of the
truncation or rounding becomes a part of the measure
ment error. For example, the following line is 1.5 units
long. If it must be drawn as a line connecting points one
unit apart, then it may be drawn as a line one unit long or
two units long, depending on how it occurs relative to the
points.
Case 1: Line approaches three points:
___________
Input line
Measurement resolution
________________
Output line
Case 2: Line approaches two points:
__________
Input line
.
.
.
Measurement resolution
________
Output line
There are several places where measurements are
quantified, and a one-count error in the measurement can
not be detected. The input channels are digitized to an 8-
bit resolution, where one division is (ignoring expansion
and compression) 25 counts. This means there is an
inherent error of 1/25 of a division in any voltage measure
ment at acquisition time. Averaging can increase the reso
lution of a voltage measurement above the sampler's
eight-bit limit. To use the increased resolution, the display
has a 10-bit dynamic range in the vertical axis, as well as
the horizontal axis. An averaged signal has a resolution of
100 points per division (ignoring expansion and compres
sion). In addition, the averaged number is stored with up
to twelve bits of resolution. Expansion is required to view
the eleventh and twelfth bits of increased resolution.
Time is quantified to determine when each sample
occurred and which display interval gets each sample.
Time is resolved by storing, for example, 4K points. If 4K
points are stored, 4K time intervals are represented. How
ever, in 4K mode, not ail of the 4K-point resolution may be
displayed on the 10-bit (IK-point) screen. Therefore, if 4K
COMPRESS is selected to present the whole picture on
screen at once, only IK resolution remains in the display.
When peak-detected information is acquired, events with
high-frequency content such as fast steps, or short pulses,
can only be located within the time interval from which the
peaks came. Even though two display points result from
the interval, the event cannot be tied with certainty to the
first or second point in the interval.
Time is also quantified to determine where to put points
in REPETITIVE; acquisitions, where the points acquired at
50 ns intervals fill only part of the screen. A counting
device producer a number to represent the portion of
50 ns between the samples acquired and the ones that
would have included the trigger. This number ranges from
0 to about 205, which allows accurate placement into the
display record. The display record will have at most 100
slots to choose from on the basis of the 0-205 number
(this is where each slot represents 0.5 ns of acquisition
time, and the counter’s resolution is about 0.244 ns per
count).
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Страница 12: ...2230 Service X The 2230 Digital Storage Oscilloscope 4998 01 ...
Страница 32: ...Operating Information 2230 Service 4998 04 Figure 2 4 Power and display controls and power on indicator 2 5 ...
Страница 33: ...Operating Information 2230 Service Figure 2 5 Vertical controls and connectors 2 6 ...
Страница 48: ...Operating Information 2230 Service Figure 2 11 X Y Plotter interfacing ...
Страница 56: ...Theory of Operation 2230 Service 4999 01 3 2 Figure 3 1 Simplified block diagram ...
Страница 68: ...Operating Information 2230 Service Figure 2 11 X Y Plotter interfacing ...
Страница 76: ...Theory of Operation 2230 Service 4999 01 3 2 Figure 3 1 Simplified block diagram ...
Страница 82: ...Theory of Operation 2230 Service 510 499 9 02 Figure 3 2 Block diagram of the Channel 1 Attenuator circuit 3 8 ...
Страница 98: ...Theory of Operation 2230 Service 499 9 06 Figure 3 6 Horizontal Amplifier block diagram 3 24 ...
Страница 111: ...Theory of Operation 2230 Service 3 37 Figure 3 9 Acquisition Memory timing ...
Страница 190: ...Maintenance 2230 Service 999 14 Figure 6 3 Isolated kernel timing 6 9 ...
Страница 218: ...Maintenance 2230 Service 4999 37 Figure 6 7 Location of screws and spacers on the Storage circuit board 6 37 ...
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Страница 334: ...A14 CH 1 LOGIC BOARD ...
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Страница 361: ...WAVEFORMS FOR DIAGRAM 6 S 84 ...
Страница 362: ...2230 Service TEST SCOPE TRIGGERED ON U665 PIN 8 FOR WAVEFORMS 31 THROUGH 33 ...
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Страница 366: ...A 1 6 S W E E P R EFEREN CE BOARD FIG 9 17 2230 Service Figure 9 17 A16 Sweep Reference board ...
Страница 369: ... o 0 UJU sa eg aiu c u J in su eg 5 C sis n g e s o N QO ...
Страница 371: ...Static Sensitive Devices See Maintenance Section CM I rv CD o 2230 Service ...
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Страница 394: ...2230 Service TEST SCOPE TRIGGERED ON U911 PIN 21 FOR WAVEFORMS 64 THROUGH 69 4999 92 ...
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Страница 397: ...WAVEFORMS FOR DIAGRAM 15 TEST SCOPE TRIGGERED ON U9111 PIN 21 FOR WAVEFORMS 70 THROUGH 77 ...
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Страница 419: ...i s 5 0 C C p F 2 CC p 2 a u 4 I s c c O 2 e e o 5 a o 5 i 2 i f 2 E C 52 ...
Страница 421: ...TEST SCOPE TRIGGERED ON U4105 PIN 9 FOR WAVEFORMS 121 AND 122 TEST SCOPE TRIGGERED ON U4227 PIN 10 i 4999 97 ...
Страница 423: ...W A V E F O R M SF O RD IA G R A M1 8 O c n ...
Страница 424: ...Figure 9 22 A11A1 Input Output board ...
Страница 427: ...WAVEFORMS FOR DIAGRAM 19 TEST SCOPE TRIGGERED ON U6103 PIN 1 FOR WAVEFORMS 126 AND 127 4999 98 ...
Страница 430: ...Figure 9 23 A11A2 Vector Generator board ...
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Страница 443: ...XY PLOTTER BOARD DIAGRAM 22 See Parts List for serial number ranges ...
Страница 444: ... u i o IO U J J i o D U I 1 t ir u j t O 0 X I c a a 3 4 2230 4999 71 REV FE8 1987 XY PLOTTER BOARD 22 ...
Страница 447: ...A21 RS 232 OPTION BOARD Flfi A 9 K 01 01 W M ...
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Страница 452: ...COMPONENT NUMBER EXAMPLE ...
Страница 455: ...r n n i i i i n O T IA ll D A A o n XY PLOTTER BOARD P in A23 OPTION MEMORY BOARD FIG 9 27 A22 GPIB OPTION BOARD ...
Страница 459: ...A16 SWEEP REFERENCE ADJUSTMENT LOCATION ...
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