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18 | SAMLEX AMERICA INC.
SECTION 4 | Operation
zation. Equalizing batteries helps to bring all the cells of a battery to the same voltage. During
the Equalization Stage, fully charged cells will dissipate the charging energy by gassing while
incompletely charged cells continue to charge.
4.4.2.2 Equalization Charging Profile
Please refer to Fig 4.1B
Equalization Charging Profile is carried out automatically every 28 days whenever the battery is over
discharged and the battery voltage drops to 11.1V for 12V battery and 22.2V for 24V battery.
4.4.2.2.1 Stage 1 Bulk Stage
Please refer to Fig 4.1B
This is the same as the Bulk Stage in the Normal 3-Stage Charging Profile ( See Section 4.4.1.1 )
4.4.2.2.2 Stage 2 Equalization Stage
Please refer to Fig 4.1B
The controller enters this stage from the previous Bulk Stage when the battery
voltage rises to the Equalization Stage Voltage “Ve” which is factory preset as follows:
- “Ve” for 12V battery: 14.6V for Sealed Lead Acid (
AGM - Absorbed Glass Mat )
- “Ve” for 24V battery: 29.2V for Sealed Lead Acid ( AGM - Absorbed Glass Mat )
This stage is timed for 2 Hrs - either continuous or cumulative
This is a constant voltage stage and the Mosfet Switch operates under PWM control by feeding
pulsing Short Circuit Current “Isc” with constantly reducing Duty Cycle (
< 100% to > 0% ) /
average current to keep the battery voltage constant at the Equalization Voltage Set Point “Ve”.
This is an intentional, controlled over voltage condition for the battery for 2 Hrs . This is necessary
for equalization requirements.
Change over to the next Float Stage Voltage “Vf” ( 13.8V for 12V battery and 27.6V for 24V bat-
tery ) is possible only after the battery voltage is held at the selected Equalization Stage Voltage
“Ve” for continuous or cumulative period of 2 Hours. If Equalization Stage Voltage “Ve” cannot
be maintained continuously / cumulatively for 2 Hr in 1 day, transition to Float Stage
WILL NOT
take place and the Equalization Stage will be carried forward to the next / following days till the
cumulative time of 2 Hrs is completed. On completion of 2 Hrs in Equalization Stage, the Con-
troller will transition to Stage 3-Float Stage.
4.4.2.2.3 Stage 3 - Float stage
Please refer to Fig 4.1B
The controller enters this stage from the previous Equalization Stage after the battery voltage is
held at the Equalization Stage Voltage “Ve” for continuous or cumulative period of 2 Hours.
This stage is the same as the Float Stage in the Normal 3-Stage Charging Profile ( See Section 4.4.1.3 ).