SamplexPower MSK-10A, Руководство пользователя, Страница: 17 / 32

16 | SAMLEX AMERICA INC. SAMLEX AMERICA INC. | 17
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ATTENTION!
• Remplissez l'électrolyte avec de l'eau distillée une fois l'égalisation terminée.
• Une surcharge excessive et un gazage trop vigoureux peuvent endommager les
plaques de la batterie et provoquer une perte de matière active des plaques. Une
égalisation trop élevée ou trop longue peut être dommageable. Passez en revue
les exigences de la batterie particulière utilisée dans votre système.
Equalization is intentional overcharging of the battery for controlled period of time. Routine
equalization cycles are often vital to the performance and life of a battery – particularly in a solar
system where peak sun hours per day are limited and variable and may not be sufficient to keep
the battery in a fully charged condition. Periodic equalization is carried out for proper health and
long life of a Lead Acid battery to prevent / reduce the following undesirable effects:
4.4.2.1.1 Sulfation
If the charging process is not complete due to inability of the charger to provide the required
voltage levels or if the battery is left uncharged for a long duration of time, soft Lead Sulfate
crystals on the Positive and Negative plates that are formed during discharging / self discharge
are not fully converted back to Lead Dioxide on the Positive plate and Sponge Lead on the
Negative plate and get hardened and are difficult to dislodge through normal charging. These
crystals are non-conducting and hence, introduce increased internal resistance in the battery. This
increased internal resistance introduces internal voltage drop during charging and discharging.
Voltage drop during charging results in overheating and undercharging and formation of more
Lead Sulfate crystals. Voltages drop on discharging results in overheating and excessive voltage
drop in the terminal voltage of the battery. Overall, this results in poor performance of the bat-
tery. Sulfation may be reduced partially by the stirring / mixing action of the electrolyte due to
gassing and bubbling because of intentional overcharging during the Equalization Stage.
4.4.2.1.2 Electrolyte Stratification
Electrolyte stratification can occur in all types of flooded batteries. As the battery is discharged
and charged, concentration of Sulphuric Acid becomes higher at the bottom of the cell and
lower at the top of the cell. The low acid concentration reduces capacity at the top of the plates,
and the high acid concentration accelerates corrosion at the bottom of the plates and shortens
battery life. Stratification can be minimized by the Equalization Stage by raising the charging
voltage so that the increased gassing and bubbling agitates / stirs the electrolyte and ensures that
the electrolyte has uniform concentration from top to bottom. The stirring action also helps to
break up any Lead Sulfate crystals, which may remain after normal charging.
4.4.2.1.3 Unequal Charging of Cells
During normal charging, temperature and chemical imbalances prevent some cells from reaching
full charge. As a battery is discharged, the cells with lower voltage will be drained further than
the cells at the higher voltage. When recharged, the cells with the higher voltage will be fully
charged before the cells with the lower voltage. The more a battery is cycled, the more cell volt-
age separation takes place. In a healthy battery, all the individual cells will have the same voltage
and same specific gravity. If there is a substantial difference in the cell voltages (
0.2 V or, more )
and in the specific gravities ( 0.015 or, more ) of the individual cells, the cells will require equali-
SECTION 4 | Operation