3.4.2
REVERSE OSMOSIS SYSTEM
The clean and filtered raw water (now referred to as
feedwater)
is supplied to the inlet
of the
high-pressure pump, P-20.
This pump raises feedwater pressure to 10.5
BAR (150 psi), the nominal pressure required for optimal system recovery. The
pressurized feedwater then flows directly into the
membrane array.
The membrane
array is an arrangement of fiberglass pressure vessels each containing a RO
membrane element.
The pressurized feedwater flows along the membrane elements where reverse
osmosis takes place (see Section 3.1). The feedwater flow is divided into two streams
- the high purity product stream (referred to as the
permeate)
and the increasingly
concentrated reject stream (referred to as the
concentrate
,
brine
or
reject).
After exiting the membrane array, the brine (which contains higher concentrations of
salts) flows through the
HP Regulating valve, V40.
This manually adjustable valve is
used to control the back pressure through the membrane array. The regulation
systems pressure can be adjusted for small changes using the
Recirculation valve,
BV-35
. The pressure is read on the
membrane inlet pressure gauge, PI-25.
After
passing through the HP regulating valve, the brine flows through the
HP Regulating
valve, V40
it flows through the
concentrate flowmeter FI-40
and exits the ULTRO
CLEAR unit.
3.4.3
PRODUCT MONITORING SYSTEM
The product water stream (or permeate) flows out to the
product flow meter,
FI-50
Depending on the concentration of total of dissolved solids (TDS) in the
permeate stream, the following occurs:
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