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1. INTRODUCTION

The DSPEC Pro

®

is the next generation in digital signal processing-based gamma-ray spectro-

meters from ORTEC. Perhaps the most versatile digital spectrometer on the market today, the
DSPEC Pro features all of the spectral acquisition, MCA emulation, and computer control you
expect from our DSPEC family of instruments, plus specialized features for more challenging
gamma-ray spectroscopy applications. The DSPEC Pro offers superior performance for more
applications than any other gamma-ray spectrometer, delivered across a high-speed USB con-
nection. Whether your application is in nuclear power, non-destructive analysis, research
physics, homeland security, real-time monitoring, or nuclear safeguards, the DSPEC Pro gives
you exceptional ease of use, flexibility, rock-solid count-rate and peak-position stability, and
impressive overall performance.

1.1. Why the DSPEC Pro?

ORTEC digital signal processing (DSP) offers more options in optimizing the output signal of
high-purity germanium (HPGe) detectors. The DSPEC Pro builds on our DSP techniques and
combines them with the proven technologies of the DSPEC family in one compact, economical
package with high-speed USB connectivity — no other instrument comes close for HPGe
applications.

1.1.1. DSPEC Pro Technologies

Resolution Enhancer In ORTEC DSPEC products, the flattop width parameter of the trape-
zoidal filter automatically corrects for ballistic deficit. Unfortunately, this doesn’t compensate
for resolution loss due to charge trapping, which results in variations in charge collection effi-
ciency over the crystal volume. The DSPEC Pro introduces our new Resolution Enhancer, which
enables you to correct for charge trapping by “training” the spectrometer to accommodate the
particular performance of your detector.

Enhanced Throughput Mode This signal processing method allows the spectrometer to begin
sampling the next pulse before the preceding one has returned to baseline. The effect is optimum
throughput while maintaining resolution and peak shape.

List Mode In List Mode, the DSPEC Pro records and stores the pulse value with a time-stamp
for every pulse generated by the detector. With List Mode, you can write your own programs
that can reconstruct histograms for any time segment without dead time between histograms, or
make histograms for overlapping time slices. Data can be stored easily for reconstruction of any
time frame needed. If your application requires real real-time monitoring, no other instrument
comes close for HPGe applications.

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Содержание DSPEC Pro

Страница 1: ...ORTEC DSPEC Pro Digital Gamma Ray Spectrometer Hardware User s Manual Printed in U S A ORTEC Part No 794380 0914 Manual Revision D...

Страница 2: ...of the nature of the fault of the instrument being returned and of the model serial and revision Rev on rear panel numbers Failure to do so may cause unnecessary delays in getting the unit repaired Th...

Страница 3: ...AL WARRANTY STATEMENT Please note that the DSPEC Pro contains no user serviceable parts Breaking the seal on the case voids your warranty The DSPEC Pro should be opened only by ORTEC authorized servic...

Страница 4: ...iv Intentionally blank...

Страница 5: ...ff Uncorrected Spectrum Only 10 1 6 2 NORM_CORR ZDT and Uncorrected Spectra Stored 11 1 6 3 CORR_ERR ZDT and Error Spectra Stored 11 1 6 4 Choosing a ZDT Mode 12 1 6 4 1 The NORM_CORR Diagnostic Mode...

Страница 6: ...ier 24 2 3 2 Amplifier 2 26 2 3 2 1 InSight Mode 27 Mark Types 29 2 3 3 Amplifier PRO 30 2 3 3 1 Training the Resolution Enhancer 32 To Enable and Train the Enhancer 32 To Turn the Enhancer Off 33 2 3...

Страница 7: ...794380D 0914 TABLE OF CONTENTS vii APPENDIX A STATE OF HEALTH BIT DEFINITIONS 91 APPENDIX B LIST MODE IN THE DSPEC PRO 93 B 1 List Mode Data 93 B 1 1 Spectrometer Data Format 93 INDEX 97...

Страница 8: ...y instruction is not observed In addition the following symbols may appear on the product DANGER Hazardous voltage ATTENTION Consult the manual in all cases where this symbol is marked in order to det...

Страница 9: ...ix Intentionally blank...

Страница 10: ...x...

Страница 11: ...with high speed USB connectivity no other instrument comes close for HPGe applications 1 1 1 DSPEC Pro Technologies Resolution Enhancer In ORTEC DSPEC products the flattop width parameter of the trape...

Страница 12: ...the ZDT mode does not require any manual adjustments and is capable of computing the statistical uncertainty of the corrected spectrum 2 Single Cable Connection to Detectors DSPEC Pro uses the unique...

Страница 13: ...e InSight Virtual Oscillo scope which allows you to optimize detector performance for a given application from the com puter our easy automatic pole zero adjustment3 and automatic baseline restorer4 a...

Страница 14: ...r than expected The process of interrupting the movement of an electron or hole is referred to as charge trapping If charge trapping did not occur the resolution of a reasonably low noise germanium de...

Страница 15: ...tor to correct for the signal lost due to carrier trapping 1 4 The Low Frequency Rejector LFR Filter In designing a multichannel buffer MCB that can be used in conjunction with mechanical coolers ORTE...

Страница 16: ...ergy With a proper selection of M and N this filter is very nearly the optimum filter for a system with noise arising only from the detector leakage parallel noise and the FET current series noise The...

Страница 17: ...he slope both before and after the energy measurement Since the digital filter is always sampling the input signal it is only necessary to store 1 the values measured before the event is detected 2 th...

Страница 18: ...mma ray is detected It continues to rise until it reaches a peak amplitude at a time specified by the currently selected rise fall time this is the Rise Time parameter entered on the Amplifier 2 tab u...

Страница 19: ...cquire MCB Proper ties see Section 2 3 2 for a more detailed discussion 1 6 Zero Dead Time ZDT Mode An extended live time clock increases the collection time real time of the acquisition to correct fo...

Страница 20: ...he acquisition time Thus the net counts in a peak are divided by the real time to deter mine the count rate ZDT mode has a unique feature in that it can store both the corrected spectrum and the uncor...

Страница 21: ...y software ignores the ZDT spectrum and analyzes the LTC spectrum as it would for the Off ZDT mode 1 6 3 CORR_ERR ZDT and Error Spectra Stored In the CORR_ERR mode the estimation of the statistical un...

Страница 22: ...eak deconvolution is needed the error spectrum is used to find the best fit for the peak background 1 6 4 Choosing a ZDT Mode When the counting rate is essentially constant during the time required to...

Страница 23: ...a gamma ray peak in the ZDT spectrum is not Instead the standard devia tion is obtained from the NERR counts in the same peak ROI in the accompanying error spectrum The standard deviation in this case...

Страница 24: ...ded so the DSPEC Pro does not contain a high voltage power supply For older detectors a detector interface module DIM is used to supply the HV for the detector The SMART 1 detector monitors and report...

Страница 25: ...5000 V DIM NEGGE For any non SMART 1 negative bias HPGe detector includes short leads with mating connectors for connecting to existing detector cabling 500 V to 5000 V DIM POSNAI For any positive bi...

Страница 26: ...e Appendix A for a table of SOH bit definitions 1 8 Host Computer and Software Requirements The DSPEC Pro is completely computer controlled and can be operated with any suitable ORTEC CONNECTIONS soft...

Страница 27: ...atus stabilizer settings SMART 1 detector status and shutdown mode When connected to a computer via the USB con nector an indicator is displayed in the lower right Figure 6 shows the layout of display...

Страница 28: ...Pro as set by the MCB Configuration program and displayed in the Master Instru ment List see the MAESTRO user manual for more information on the MCB Configuration pro gram and the Master Instrument Li...

Страница 29: ...rdware Installation Installing the DSPEC Pro and the MAESTRO MCA Emulation Software takes just four easy steps You must have Administrator access in Windows to install MAESTRO For easiest installation...

Страница 30: ...ents across a network On the Instrument Families page be sure to mark the USB based instruments checkbox as shown in Fig 9 Otherwise the DSPEC Pro will not be able to communicate with the computer and...

Страница 31: ...mmand line arguments that change how the program searches for MCBs customizing MCB ID Numbers and Descriptions changing your Windows firewall settings to allow MCB access across a network enabling add...

Страница 32: ...he new instruments NOTE We strongly recommend not using the Renumber All button In addition we strongly recommend not renumbering MCBs that belong to other users as this could affect the interaction b...

Страница 33: ...e you add new DSPEC Pros or other ORTEC MCBs to your system or when you move an instrument from one USB port to another NOTE FOR MULTIPLE USERS ON A NETWORK There are two ways to reduce the chance tha...

Страница 34: ...C Pro is completely software controlled the MCB Properties dialog contains all of the instrument controls including ADC setup parameters acquisition pre sets amplifier gain adjustments pole zero contr...

Страница 35: ...e 27 You can view the time when the baseline restorer is active on the InSight display as a Mark region see the discussion on Marks p 29 In the automatic mode the current value is shown on the InSight...

Страница 36: ...settings were close to proper adjustment before starting optimization the pulse shape may not change enough for you to see In this situation you also may not notice a change in the shape of the spectr...

Страница 37: ...me The pole zero Stop button aborts the pole zero and is normally not used For the more advanced user the InSight mode lets you directly view all the parameters and adjust them interactively while col...

Страница 38: ...This lets you conveniently zoom in on a particular part of the waveform such as the tail for pole zero ing In the Auto trigger mode the display is updated every time a new pulse exceeds the trigger le...

Страница 39: ...n the next startup The display can include a Mark to indicate one of the other signals shown in Fig 16 The Mark is a solid color region displayed similarly to that of an ROI in the spectrum This Mark...

Страница 40: ...a valid pulse The Mark occurs about 1 5 s after the pulse maximum on the display On the lower right of the InSight display are the shaping parameter controls The controls are split into two groups and...

Страница 41: ...e flattop PZ Low Frequency Rejector This feature is discussed in detail in Section 1 4 The DSPEC Pro cannot optimize or pole zero in LFR mode Optimize or PZ with the filter off then turn it back on fo...

Страница 42: ...king the Resolution Enhancer checkbox enables disables the learning mode Once trained the enhancer continues to operate until disabled as discussed on page 33 NOTE This feature typically improves the...

Страница 43: ...n Enhancer checkbox until retrained NOTE If you change any parameters that affect peak shape you must repeat this training procedure To Turn the Enhancer Off 1 With the Resolution Enhancer checkbox st...

Страница 44: ...conversion gain is entered in powers of 2 e g 8192 4096 2048 The up down arrow buttons step through the valid settings for the DSPEC Pro Upper and Lower Level Discriminators The Lower Level Discrimina...

Страница 45: ...Figure 20 shows the High Voltage tab which allows you to turn the high voltage on or off set and monitor the voltage and choose the Shutdown mode The shutdown can be TTL ORTEC or SMART The ORTEC mode...

Страница 46: ...e data Acquisition Start Time and Sample description In addition the Access field shows whether the MCB is currently locked with a password see the password discus sion in the MAESTRO user manual Read...

Страница 47: ...of Health This is OK if the 12 volt supply in the DIM has stayed within 200 mV of 12 volts since the last time the SOH was cleared DIM 24V State of Health This is OK if the 24 volt supply in the DIM h...

Страница 48: ...detector 12 volts This is the current value of the 12 volt supply in the DIM as delivered to the detector 24 volts This is the current value of the 24 volt supply in the DIM as delivered to the detect...

Страница 49: ...et so that sufficient counts can be obtained for proper calculation of the activity in the sample with the least activity But if the sample contains a large amount of this or another nuclide the dead...

Страница 50: ...n ROI around the peak of interest Suggest Region reads the limits of the ROI with the marker and display those limits in the Start Chan and Width fields The ROI can be cleared after the preset is ente...

Страница 51: ...n the working active library NOTE MAESTRO does not support efficiency calibration The efficiency component in the CorrectionFactor is set to 1 0 the preset field is labeled Correction instead of MDA a...

Страница 52: ...applications such as GammaVision and Scinti Vision you can create an analysis options file SDF or SVD file for each system geometry that you use and include in it a set of MDA presets specific to that...

Страница 53: ...ide only The longest rise time shown in the table is 12 s even though some digital instruments can be set for rise times as long as 23 s If throughput is not an issue because all samples are low rate...

Страница 54: ...DSPEC Pro Digital Gamma Ray Spectrometer User s Manual 794380D 0914 44 See the CONNECTIONS Driver Update Kit instructions for more detailed information on using MCB Configuration...

Страница 55: ...Settings Coarse Gain Settings 1 to 32 in binary steps 1 2 4 8 16 32 Fine Gain 0 45 to 1 The available range of gain settings supports all types of HPGe detectors Specifically the fol lowing maximum e...

Страница 56: ...d flattop of 1 s similar to analog 6 s shaping Pulse Pileup Rejector Automatically set threshold Pulse pair resolution typically 500 ns Automatic Digital Pole Zero Adjustment3 Can be set automatically...

Страница 57: ...tter than 5 Multi Nuclide MDA Stops data collection when the value of the minimum detectable activity MDA for up to 20 user specified MDA nuclides reaches the needed value The presets are implemented...

Страница 58: ...2 5 mm SAMPLE CHANGE OUT Rear panel BNC connector TTL compatible SAMPLE READY IN Rear panel BNC connector accepts TTL level signal from sample changer Software selectable polarity 3 2 HPGe High Volta...

Страница 59: ...4 pin 10 stage photo multiplier tubes 0 V to 1200 kV In all cases except the DIM 296 the bias voltage setting and shutdown polarity are set via MAESTRO or other CONNECTIONS software The SMART 1 detect...

Страница 60: ...lattop optimization ENA DIS_OPTI 26 Stoppable AutoPZ STOP_PZ_AUTO 27 Network support e g DSPEC 28 Multi drop serial support e g MicroNOMAD 29 Software selectable DPM address SET_DPM_ADDR 30 Multiple d...

Страница 61: ...DIS SHO_TRIG 61 Ordinal numbers for shaping times SET_SHAP 0 SET_SHAP 1 62 Query gain ranges LIST VERI_GAIN_FINE _COAR _CONV 63 Routable inputs SET SHOW_INPUT_ROUTE 64 External dwell support ENA DIS_D...

Страница 62: ...as Nuclide Report 92 Advanced Stored Spectra SH_SPEC_COUNT SET SHOW_SPEC_ID MOVE 93 SET SHOW_VIEW in MCBs with Dual Port Memory or printer port interfaces LIST_VIEW in all MCBs 94 Connected to MCB via...

Страница 63: ...or more spaces Specific commands require multiple parameters separated by commas that specify numeric quantities related to the operation of the MCB such as live time or conversion gain The command SE...

Страница 64: ...command in this mode 137 Hardware error 138 Requested data not found Micro error codes 0 Success 1 Input already started stopped 2 Preset already exceeded 4 Input not started stopped 64 Parameter was...

Страница 65: ...ed in the two preceding sections the usual response is a macro error code of 0 and a micro error code of 0 no errors Though syntax and communication error responses may result from any command in prac...

Страница 66: ...data CLEAR_LIST Clears data and resets acquisition in List Mode The response is the same as the CLEAR command CLEAR_MDA_PRESET Clears all MCA preset values This command is used to quickly clear the li...

Страница 67: ...ection on the bias supply for more information about the high voltage output See also ENABLE_HV and SHOW_HV DISABLE_HV_DIM Disables the use of the MCB connector on the back of the DSPEC Pro and causes...

Страница 68: ...and Cancels an ENABLE_TRIGGER_REP if it is issued before the acquisition starts See ENABLE_TRIGGER TRIGGER and SHOW_TRIGGER DISABLE_ZERO_STABILIZATION Stops stabilization of the zero peak while data i...

Страница 69: ...Switches the stabilizers to NaI mode The stabilizers use the fine adjustment in NaI mode and the very fine adjustment in Ge mode See DISABLE_NAI ENABLE_OPTI_NEED Enables the reporting of an error whe...

Страница 70: ...LARITY and SHOW_TRIGGER_POLARITY ENABLE_ZDT Sets the DSPEC Pro to ZDT mode See SET_MODE_ZDT for information on selecting the ZDT mode ENABLE_ZERO_STABILIZATION Enables the stabilization of the zero pe...

Страница 71: ...teps of 1 LIST_CORR_FLAT Lists the valid settings of the flattop width See also SET_CORR_FLAT Response CORR_FLAT 1 0 992 0 255 Legal settings are from 1 to 0 992 in 255 0 1 256 steps LIST_DISPLAY Not...

Страница 72: ...corrected and the error spectra LIST_ROI_SAMPLE Lists the valid ROI sample settings Response ROI_SAMP PUR BLN BLRG BLD BUSY GATE RESV PKDET LIST_SHAP_CUSP Not used by the DSPEC Pro included for backwa...

Страница 73: ...and chans are not specified sets all channels of spectral data in the window of interest see SET_WINDOW command to the specified value ROI flags are not affected SET_DATA_APPLICATION string1 string2 T...

Страница 74: ...IALIZE_ GAIN_STABILIZATION command See also SHOW_GAIN_ADJUSTMENT SET_GAIN_CHANNEL chan Sets the center channel for the stabilizer gain peak If a gain channel is chosen such that the beginning channel...

Страница 75: ...han channel 0 and the ending channel is no higher than the maximum channel as determined by the conversion gain The gain channel and width must be set before gain stabilization can be enabled The abso...

Страница 76: ...to 4294967295 counts See also CLEAR_ PRESETS and SHOW_INTEGRAL_PRESET SET_LENGTH_SAMPLE length Sets the number of points in the Insight mode display to the specified value Normally this setting would...

Страница 77: ...et command all MDA preset values will be set to 0 disabled and the supplied value will be applied to MDA Preset 0 This provides com patibility software that only supports the one nuclide MDA method im...

Страница 78: ...ber of counts due to the pipelined architecture of the DSPEC Pro Setting a peak preset to 0 counts disables the preset The peak preset may be set to from 0 disabled to 2147483647 counts See also CLEAR...

Страница 79: ...2 4 s in steps of 0 1 See also SHOW_SHAP_FLAT SET_SHAP_RISE value Sets the rise time to value Value is in microseconds ranging from 0 8 to 23 s in steps of 0 2 See also SHOW_SHAP_RISE SET_SHUTDOWN ind...

Страница 80: ...hput Mode protection time in microseconds value ranges from 0 1 s to 200 s in 25 ns increments Example SET_TIME_ETP 50 Set the protection time to 50 s SET_TIME_START hour min sec Sets the start time t...

Страница 81: ...ion adjustment to an arbitrary value from 65535 to 65535 The total range of the adjustment value represents 256 channels This adjustment is usually only made by the gain stabilizer and reset to 0 with...

Страница 82: ...t the number of segments in an MCB device always 1 for the DSPEC Pro and the current conversion gain for each segment The record is organized as follows J1638400001aaaaa00000 65 zeros here for total o...

Страница 83: ...from 000 to 099 See also SET_DATE_START Responses N001001088052 CR Date reported as Jan 1 1988 N031012099059 CR Date reported as Dec 31 1999 N001001000036 CR Date reported as Jan 1 2000 N031012087056...

Страница 84: ...SHOW_DEVICE Shows the currently selected device Always 1 for DSPEC Pro SHOW_DISPLAY Not used included for backward compatibility SHOW_ETP Reports if Enhanced Throughput Mode is enabled Responses IF En...

Страница 85: ...00008095 CR Coarse gain reported as 8 C00016094 CR Coarse gain reported as 16 C00032092 CR Coarse gain reported as 32 SHOW_GAIN_CONVERSION This command returns the conversion gain Responses C00512095...

Страница 86: ...NCIDENT Responses FOFF CR Reports the ADC gate is off or ignored FCOI CR Reports the ADC gate is in coincident mode FANT CR Reports the ADC gate is in anticoincident mode SHOW_HV Reports the current h...

Страница 87: ...Dvvvvvsssssccc CR where vvvvv represents the HV setting and sssss represents the status of the HV bias supply as a 16 bit decimal number with the following bit definitions Bit 0 LSB Bias supply polar...

Страница 88: ...ation about the ROI integral preset see SET_INTEGRAL_PRESET See also SHOW_INTEGRAL Responses G0000000000075 CR Integral preset reported as 0 G4294967295132 CR Integral reported as 4294967295 SHOW_INTE...

Страница 89: ...ted as 4294967295 ticks SHOW_LIVE_REMAINING Reports the current live time remaining in units of 20 ms 50 ticks s See also SET_LIVE_ REMAINING Responses G0000000000075 CR Live time remaining reported a...

Страница 90: ...e current ZDT mode See SET_MODE_ZDT Responses MODE_ZDT 00000 Mode 0 selected normal and corrected MODE_ZDT 00001 Mode 1 selected error and corrected SHOW_MONI_LABEL num Returns with an ASCII string la...

Страница 91: ...the Change Sample output port The output port status is reported as a 16 bit number that is 0 or 1 depending on the level last set by a SET_OUTPUT_HIGH or SET_OUTPUT_LOW command Responses C00000087 CR...

Страница 92: ...6383108 CR Maximum count was found in channel 16383 SHOW_PEAK_PRESET Reports the value of the ROI peak preset See SET_PEAK_PRESET for information about the ROI peak preset Responses G0000000000075 CR...

Страница 93: ...sponses D0100000050078 CR First ROI group starts at channel 1000 and is 50 channels long D0215000150086 CR First ROI group starts at channel 2150 and is 150 channels long D0000000000072 CR No ROI grou...

Страница 94: ...pply is shut down or can t be turned on IF Shutdown is inactive supply is on or can be turned on SHOW_SNUM Responds with a F record indicating the serial number of the DSPEC Pro Response F100 Serial n...

Страница 95: ...enabled IF CR Automatic threshold is disabled SHOW_THRESHOLD_NEGATIVE See also SET_THRESHOLD_NEGATIVE Responses THR_NEG 0000379791 Negative threshold is 379791 SHOW_THRESHOLD_POSITIVE See also SET_TH...

Страница 96: ...37 20 h 13 min 37 s SHOW_TRIGGER Tells whether the trigger is enabled or disabled See also ENABLE_TRIGGER Responses IF Trigger disabled IT Trigger enabled SHOW_TRIGGER_POLARITY This returns the polari...

Страница 97: ...et reported as disabled G0000000001076 CR True time preset reported as 1 tick G4294967295132 CR True time preset reported as 4294967295 ticks SHOW_TRUE_REMAINING Reports the current true time remainin...

Страница 98: ...orm Dxxxxxyyyyyccc CR where xxxxx is the start channel 0 16383 and yyyyy is the number of channels 1 16384 See SET_WINDOW for more information about the window of interest Example Responses D000001638...

Страница 99: ...so SET_ZERO_WIDTH SET_ZERO_CHANNEL and SHOW_ZERO_CHANNEL Responses C00001088 CR Zero width has not been set C00003089 CR Zero width is 3 channels lowest possible width C00256100 CR Zero width is 256 c...

Страница 100: ...lish an initial output level Responses C00000087 CR Initial and final level on Change Sample was low C00001088 CR Initial and final level on Change Sample was high STOP seg mask Stops the acquisition...

Страница 101: ...ltages coming from the DSPEC Pro If one of these values varies by more than 2 V the corre sponding bit is set 1 12V 2 12 V 3 24V 4 Temperature Set if the detector temperature increases and shuts down...

Страница 102: ...n the DSPEC Pro queries the SMART 1 detector for its serial number The DSPEC Pro then writes a random number to the detector At the end of the acquisi tion both numbers are read from the detector and...

Страница 103: ...me B 1 1 Spectrometer Data Format List Mode data is retrieved from the DSPEC Pro spectrometer by calls to the CONNECTIONS MIOGetData DLL function or the CONNECTIONS control GetRawData method A minimum...

Страница 104: ...ng that 16380 data words plus 4 overhead words were returned you should immediately request another block of data The DSPEC Pro has buffer storage for up to 96k 32 bit words Therefore six requests may...

Страница 105: ...een any two LT Words in a list mode stream you can calculate the live time for a given block of data 10 ms The ADC CRM word contains the value of the spectrometer s count rate meter and is generated a...

Страница 106: ...DSPEC Pro Digital Gamma Ray Spectrometer User s Manual 794380D 0914 96 Intentionally blank...

Страница 107: ...inator 34 zero dead time ZDT mode 34 Enhanced throughput mode 3 Feature mask bits 49 Flattop 27 ballistic deficit 8 Tilt 25 27 Width 27 Gain stabilization 34 Initialize 34 High voltage 35 InSight Mode...

Страница 108: ...DSPEC Pro Digital Gamma Ray Spectrometer User s Manual 794380D 0914 98 Intentionally blank...

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