MySQL 5.0 Reference Manual
vii
7.4.4. Reloading Delimited-Text Format Backups ........................................................ 628
7.4.5.
mysqldump
Tips ............................................................................................. 629
7.5. Point-in-Time (Incremental) Recovery Using the Binary Log .......................................... 631
7.5.1. Point-in-Time Recovery Using Event Times ....................................................... 632
7.5.2. Point-in-Time Recovery Using Event Positions .................................................. 632
7.6.
MyISAM
Table Maintenance and Crash Recovery ........................................................ 633
7.6.1. Using
myisamchk
for Crash Recovery ............................................................. 634
7.6.2. How to Check
MyISAM
Tables for Errors .......................................................... 634
7.6.3. How to Repair
MyISAM
Tables ......................................................................... 635
7.6.4.
MyISAM
Table Optimization .............................................................................. 637
7.6.5. Setting Up a
MyISAM
Table Maintenance Schedule ........................................... 638
8. Optimization .......................................................................................................................... 639
8.1. Optimization Overview ................................................................................................ 640
8.1.1. MySQL Design Limitations and Tradeoffs ......................................................... 640
8.1.2. Designing Applications for Portability ................................................................ 640
8.1.3. The MySQL Benchmark Suite .......................................................................... 641
8.1.4. Using Your Own Benchmarks .......................................................................... 642
8.2. Obtaining Query Execution Plan Information ................................................................ 643
8.2.1. Optimizing Queries with
EXPLAIN
.................................................................... 643
8.2.2.
EXPLAIN
Output Format .................................................................................. 643
8.2.3.
EXPLAIN EXTENDED
Output Format ................................................................ 652
8.2.4. Estimating Query Performance ......................................................................... 654
8.3. Optimizing SQL Statements ........................................................................................ 654
8.3.1. Optimizing
SELECT
Statements ........................................................................ 654
8.3.2. Optimizing Non-
SELECT
Statements ................................................................. 685
8.3.3. Other Optimization Tips ................................................................................... 689
8.4. Controlling the Query Optimizer .................................................................................. 691
8.5. Optimization and Indexes ........................................................................................... 692
8.5.1. Column Indexes .............................................................................................. 692
8.5.2. Multiple-Column Indexes .................................................................................. 692
8.5.3. How MySQL Uses Indexes .............................................................................. 694
8.5.4.
MyISAM
Index Statistics Collection ................................................................... 696
8.6. Buffering and Caching ................................................................................................ 698
8.6.1. The
MyISAM
Key Cache .................................................................................. 698
8.6.2. The
InnoDB
Buffer Pool .................................................................................. 702
8.6.3. The MySQL Query Cache ................................................................................ 703
8.7. Locking Issues ........................................................................................................... 709
8.7.1. Internal Locking Methods ................................................................................. 709
8.7.2. Table Locking Issues ....................................................................................... 711
8.7.3. Concurrent Inserts ........................................................................................... 712
8.7.4. External Locking .............................................................................................. 713
8.8. Optimizing Database Structure .................................................................................... 714
8.8.1. Make Your Data as Small as Possible .............................................................. 714
8.8.2. Using
PROCEDURE ANALYSE
........................................................................... 715
8.8.3. How MySQL Opens and Closes Tables ............................................................ 716
8.8.4. Disadvantages of Creating Many Tables in the Same Database ......................... 717
8.8.5. How MySQL Uses Internal Temporary Tables ................................................... 717
8.9. Optimizing the MySQL Server ..................................................................................... 718
8.9.1. System Factors and Startup Parameter Tuning ................................................. 718
8.9.2. Tuning Server Parameters ............................................................................... 718
8.9.3. How MySQL Uses Threads for Client Connections ............................................ 723
8.9.4. How MySQL Uses Memory .............................................................................. 724
8.9.5. Disk Issues ..................................................................................................... 725
8.9.6. Using Symbolic Links ....................................................................................... 726
8.9.7. Enabling Large Page Support .......................................................................... 729
8.9.8. DNS Lookup Optimization and the Host Cache ................................................. 730
8.10. Examining Thread Information ................................................................................... 731
8.10.1. Thread Command Values ............................................................................... 732
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