21
Safety Guidelines
of this work has been the development of a
detailed agenda of research needs that has
driven the establishment of new research
programs around the world. The project
has also helped develop a series of public
information documents on EMF issues. The
FDA and the Cellular Telecommunications
& Internet Association (CTIA) have a formal
Cooperative Research and Development
Agreement (CRADA) to do research on
wireless phone safety. The FDA provides
the scientific oversight, obtaining input
from experts in government, industry,
and academic organizations. CTIA funded
research is conducted through contracts
with independent investigators. The initial
research will include both laboratory
studies and studies of wireless phone
users. The CRADA will also include a
broad assessment of additional research
needs in the context of the latest research
developments around the world.
7. How can I find out how much
radiofrequency energy exposure I can
get by using my wireless phone?
All phones sold in the United States must
comply with Federal Communications
Commission (FCC) guidelines that limit
21
radiofrequency energy (RF) exposures.
The FCC established these guidelines in
consultation with the FDA and the other
federal health and safety agencies. The
FCC limit for RF exposure from wireless
telephones is set at a Specific Absorption
Rate (SAR) of 1.6 watts per kilogram
(1.6 W/kg). The FCC limit is consistent
with the safety standards developed by
the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
Engineering (IEEE) and the National Council
on Radiation Protection and Measurement.
The exposure limit takes into consideration
the body’s ability to remove heat from
the tissues that absorb energy from the
wireless phone and is set well below levels
known to have effects. Manufacturers
of wireless phones must report the RF
exposure level for each model of phone
to the FCC. The FCC website (http://www.
fcc.gov/oet/rfsafety) gives directions for
locating the FCC identification number on
your phone so you can find your phone’s
RF exposure level in the online listing.
8. What has the FDA done to measure the
radiofrequency energy coming from
wireless phones?
The Institute of Electrical and Electronic
Engineers (IEEE) is developing a technical
standard for measuring the radiofrequency
energy (RF) exposure from wireless
phones and other wireless handsets with
the participation and leadership of FDA
scientists and engineers. The standard,
‘Recommended Practice for Determining
the Spatial- Peak Specific Absorption Rate
(SAR) in the Human Body Due to Wireless
Communications Devices: Experimental
Techniques,’ sets forth the first consistent
test methodology for measuring the rate
at which RF is deposited in the heads of
wireless phone users. The test method
uses a tissuesimulating model of the
human head. Standardized SAR test
methodology is expected to greatly improve
the consistency of measurements made at
different laboratories on the same phone.
SAR is the measurement of the amount
of energy absorbed in tissue, either by the
whole body or a small part of the body. It
is measured in watts/kg (or milliwatts/g)
of matter. This measurement is used
to determine whether a wireless phone
complies with safety guidelines.
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