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GLOSSARY
8
Aspect ratio
The ratio of vertical and horizontal sizes of a displayed image.
The horizontal vs. vertical ratio of conventional TVs is 4:3, and
that of wide-screens is 16:9.
8
Chapter
Refers to individual chapters included in a title.
8
Composite video signal
Refers to video signal comprised of three kinds of signals
combined: an image signal made up of luminance and
chrominance signals using the frequency multiplication
technique; burst signal providing the basis for colour
reproduction; and synchronization signal.
8
Component video signal
A video signal system where parts of information necessary for
reproducing image signal comprised of the three primary
colours of light are transmitted via separate signal lines. Types of
signal, such as R/G/B, Y/P
B
/P
R
, etc., are available.
8
Disc menu
A screen display prepared for allowing selection of images,
sounds, subtitles, multiangles, etc. recorded on a DVD disc.
8
Dolby Digital (AC-3)
A six-channel system consisting of left, centre, right, left rear,
right rear and LFE (Low-Frequency Effect channel, for use with a
sub-woofer) channels. All processing is done in the digital
domain.
Not all Dolby Digital discs contain six (5.1) channels of
information.
8
Down-mix
Internal stereo mix of multichannel surround audio by a DVD
player. The down-mix signals are output from stereo output
connectors.
8
DTS
A Digital Surround audio encoding format configured with six
(5.1) channels, similar to Dolby Digital. It requires a decoder,
either in the player or in an external receiver. DTS stands for
Digital Theater Systems.
Not all DTS discs contain six (5.1) channels of information.
8
Interlaced scan
In the conventional video system, a picture is shown on the
display monitor in two halves. The Interlaced scan system places
lines of the second half of the picture in-between lines of the first
half of the picture.
8
JPEG
A still-picture data compression system proposed by the Joint
Photographic Expert Group, which features small decrease in
image quality in spite of its high compression ratio.
8
Letter box
A method of displaying wide images like movies in the centre of
a 4:3 TV screen with no part of the image deleted, by placing
black bands on the top and bottom of the screen. This name has
resulted from the screen form looking literally like a letter box.
8
Linear PCM (PCM: Pulse Code Modulation)
A system for converting analog sound signal to digital signal for
later processing, with no data compression used in conversion.
8
MP3
A file format with a sound data compression system. “MP3” is
the abbreviation of Motion Picture Experts Group 1 (or MPEG-1)
Audio Layer 3. By using MP3 format, one CD-R/RW can contain
about 10 times as much data volume as a regular CD can.
8
MPEG
A family of Standards for compressing audio-visual information.
“MPEG” standards include MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4.
Video CD and MP3 are based on MPEG-1, while DVD is based
on MPEG-2. MPEG stands for Moving Picture coding Experts
Group.
8
Multiangle
By recording multiple scenes progressing at the same time in a
single title, the user can select view angles. This feature is called
the multiangle function.
8
Multichannel
DVD is specified to have each sound track constitute one sound
field. Multichannel refers to a structure of sound tracks having
three or more channels.
8
Multilanguage
When a title is created to cope with multiple languages, it is
generally called a multilanguage title.
8
NTSC (National television system committee)
A black and white and colour television system format used in
the U.S.A., Canada, Mexico and Japan.
8
PAL (Phase Alternation by Line)
A colour television system format used extensively in Western
Europe.
8
Parental Lock
A feature of this system to automatically determine whether or
not to reproduce particular DVD software by comparing its
parental lock level (a measure of undesirability of scenes, etc.
from educational viewpoint) set for the software beforehand
with that set on this system by the user; if the software’s level is
less restrictive than the user-set level, it will be reproduced.
8
Playback control (PBC)
Refers to the signal recorded on Video CDs for controlling
reproduction. By using menu screens recorded on a Video CD
that supports PBC, you can enjoy interactive-type software as
well as software having a search function.
8
Progressive scan
Progressive scan displays all the horizontal lines of a picture at
one time, as a single frame. This system can convert the
interlaced video from DVD into progressive format for
connection to a progressive display. It dramatically increases the
vertical resolution.
8
Region Code
A system for allowing discs to be played back only in the regions
designated beforehand. All the countries in the world are
grouped into six regions, each region being identified by a
specified Region Code (or region number). If the Region Code
given to a disc includes a numeral which matches one in the
Region Code of a player, the player can play back the disc.
8
Sampling frequency
Frequency of sampling data when analog data is converted to
digital data. Sampling frequency numerically represents how
many times the original analog signal is sampled per second.
8
Surround
A system for creating three-dimensional sound fields full of
realism by arranging multiple speakers around the listener.
8
Transfer rate
The rate of transferring digital data. Usually the measure is in
baud per second. The DVD system applies a variable transfer
rate system for high efficiency.
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