T H E S M A R T S O L U T I O N F O R E N E R G Y E F F I C I E N C Y
Vertical Stack
R e v. : 0 4 / 2 4 / 2 0 1 9
23
c l i m a t e m a s t e r. c o m
Commercial Water Loop Applications -
Commercial
systems typically include a number of units connected to
a common piping system with a cooling tower and boiler.
Any unit plumbing maintenance work can introduce
air into the piping system; therefore air elimination
equipment is a major portion of the mechanical room
plumbing. In piping systems expected to utilize water
temperatures below 50°F [10°C], 1/2” (13mm) closed cell
insulation is required on all piping surfaces to eliminate
condensation (extended range units required). Metal to
plastic threaded joints should never be used due to their
tendency to leak over time.
Tefl on tape thread sealant is recommended to minimize
internal fouling of the heat exchanger. Do not over
tighten connections and route piping so as not to
interfere with service or maintenance access. Hose kits
are available from ClimateMaster. The piping system
should be fl ushed to remove dirt, piping chips, and other
foreign material prior to operation (see “Piping System
Cleaning and Flushing Procedures” in this manual).
The fl ow rate is usually set between 2.25 and 3.5 gpm
per ton [2.9 and 4.5 l/m per kW] of cooling capacity.
ClimateMaster recommends 3 gpm per ton [3.9 l/m per
kW] for most applications of water loop heat pumps.
Water loop heat pump (cooling tower/boiler) systems
typically utilize a common loop, maintained between
60 and 90°F [16 - 32°C]. The use of a closed circuit
evaporative cooling tower with a secondary heat
exchanger between the tower and the water loop is
recommended. If an open type cooling tower is used
continuously, chemical treatment and fi ltering will be
necessary.
Water-Loop Heat Pump Applications
Water Quality Standards -
Table 3 should be consulted
for water quality requirements. Scaling potential should be
assessed using the pH/Calcium hardness method. If the pH
<7.5 and the calcium hardness is less than 100 ppm, scaling
potential is low. If this method yields numbers out of range
of those listed, the Ryznar Stability and Langelier Saturation
indecies should be calculated. Use the appropriate
scaling surface temperature for the application, 150°F
[66°C] for direct use (well water/open loop) and DHW
(desuperheater); 90°F [32°F] for indirect use. A monitoring
plan should be implemented in these probable scaling
situations. Other water quality issues such as iron fouling,
corrosion prevention and erosion and clogging should be
referenced in Table 3.
