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Configuring Advanced Features 

73

Routing Information  Protocols (RIP)

You can configure the router to send and receive RIP (Routing Information
Protocol) packet information to and from, respectively, the remote router.

RIP is a protocol used by some routers to exchange IP routing information so
that the local site will ‘learn’ all about the routes beyond the remote router
and the remote router will ‘learn’ all about the local site’s routes.

 

Note 1:

 You may not want this to occur in some cases.  For example, if you

are connecting to a site outside of your company such as the Internet, you may
want to keep knowledge about your local site’s routes private.

Note 2

: With NAT (Network Address Translation) enabled, the local router

cannot send RIP packets to the remote WAN link, but can, however, receive
RIP packets from the remote site.

Default

: The default is to restrict sending or receiving IP RIP packets or

default routes.  If RIP packets are not allowed to flow on the WAN link, you
must seed the routing table. You can also advertise the remote site’s
existence.  The default is to keep the remote site’s existence private.

RIP Options

RIP-1 Compatible

In RIP-1 Compatible mode, the router can broadcast RIP-1 packets and
multicast RIP-2 packets. It can also receive and interpret RIP-1 and RIP-
2 packets.

RIP-1

It is used when exchanging RIP packets when communicating with older
routers that don’t have RIP-2. RIP-1 has the following two deficiencies:
Since it uses broadcast for sending packets, every device on the LAN
must receive and inspect every packet.

RIP-1 has no way of communicating a subnet mask. This deficiency can
lead to misinterpretation of IP networks by the router receiving the RIP-1
packets.

RIP-2

RIP-2 lets the routers exchange subnet mask information in the packets.

Содержание CSX100 series

Страница 1: ...Cabletron Systems ISDN Router CSX100 Series User Guide ...

Страница 2: ...ISDN Router ii ...

Страница 3: ...ns without written permission from Cabletron Systems Changes are periodically made to the information in this book They will be incorporated in subsequent editions Cabletron Systems may make improvements and or changes in the product described in this publication at any time Requests for further information should be addressed to Cabletron Systems Copyright 1997 1998 Cabletron Systems Inc Copyrigh...

Страница 4: ... to the Software and to the actual contents of this package including the copy of the Software and the media on which it is stored and the associated documentation are retained by Cabletron Systems and or its licensors U S Government End Users The Licensed Product is a commercial item as that term is defined at 48 C F R 2 101 OCT 1995 consisting of commercial computer software and commercial compu...

Страница 5: ...EMENT THE HARDWARE OR THE AGREEMENTS OF WHICH THEY ARE A PART OR ANY MEDIA ATTACHMENT PRODUCT ORDER SCHEDULE OR TERMS OR CONDITIONS RELATED THERETO UNDER ANY CONTRACT NEGLIGENCE STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHER THEORY A FOR LOSS OR INACCURACY OF DATA OR EXCEPT FOR RETURN OF AMOUNTS PAID TO CABLETRON SYSTEMS THEREFORE COST OF PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS SERVICES OR TECHNOLOGY B FOR ANY INDIRECT INCIDE...

Страница 6: ...s the FCC Digital Interface Code of 02IS5 The FCC Service Order Code is 6 OY The USOC jack for this equipment is RJ49C An FCC compliant telephone cord and modular plug is provided with this equipment This equipment is designed to be connected to the telephone network or premises wiring using a compatible modular jack which is Part 68 compliant This equipment cannot be used on telephone company pro...

Страница 7: ...is equipment or equipment malfunctions may give the telecommunications company cause to request the user to disconnect the equipment User should ensure for their own protection that the electrical ground connections of the power utility telephone lines and internal metallic water pipe system if present are connected together This precaution may be particularly important in rural areas CAUTION Any ...

Страница 8: ...ISDN Router viii ...

Страница 9: ...ation 12 Telephone Wiring Cautions 12 Installation Overview 12 Step 1 Connect the Router to the Ethernet LAN 15 Step 2 Connect Analog Telephone Devices 17 Step 3 Connect the Router to an ISDN Line 18 Step 4 Connect the Router to an AC Power Source 20 Chapter 3 Installing and Accessing Configuration Manager 21 About Configuration Manager 21 Hardware and Software Prerequisites 22 Install Configurati...

Страница 10: ...otocol DHCP 68 PC Configuration 68 Router Configuration 69 Network Address Translation NAT 72 Enable NAT 72 Source and Remote WAN Port Address 72 Routing Information Protocols RIP 73 RIP Options 73 Enable RIP Options 74 Caller ID Security 74 Enable Caller ID Security 75 ISDN Dial Back 75 Dial Back prerequisites 75 Configure Dial Back 76 Analog Phone Settings 77 Default phone numbers 77 Phone usage...

Страница 11: ...Line Interface 98 Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP 98 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP 99 Network Address Translation NAT 99 Software Upgrades 99 TELNET 100 Windows GUI Configurator 100 Command Line Interface 100 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting 103 Investigating Hardware Installation Problems 103 Check the LEDs to solve common hardware problems 103 Problems with the terminal window displa...

Страница 12: ...ngs 113 Appendix B Subnetwork Tables 114 Appendix C Network Information Worksheets 115 Appendix D Accessing the Command Line Interface CLI 119 Why use the Command Line Interface 119 Non Windows platforms Macintosh UNIX etc 119 Windows based platforms 119 Connecting the router to the PC 120 Instructions 120 Accessing the Command Line Interface 120 Instructions 121 Glossary 123 Index 131 ...

Страница 13: ...ISDN Router xiii ...

Страница 14: ......

Страница 15: ...tween Ethernet LAN networks across an ISDN WAN resource The router features an easy to use Windows based management application It can also provide two line analog support for convenient low cost use of standard telephone facsimile modem and answering machine equipment over the ISDN line The router manages incoming and outgoing calls giving analog calls priority over data traffic as needed The rou...

Страница 16: ...to add options How This Guide is Organized This User Guide is intended to help you quickly install configure and begin using the Router The guide is divided into eight parts Chapter 1 ISDN and Ordering Issues explains ISDN line configuration concepts and how to order your ISDN services Chapter 2 Installing Router Hardware describes how to connect the router to the configuration device communicatio...

Страница 17: ... such as bridging and routing operations Bandwidth on Demand management PPP addressing and a description of network management features This manual is delivered on a DOS diskette as an Acrobat PDF document and is supplied with the router Internet Quick Start Guide Describes how to configure the router for Internet access Typographic Conventions The following figure summarizes the conventions used ...

Страница 18: ...ISDN Router 4 ...

Страница 19: ...r each channel called clear channel may however not be available across the entire communications link many providers still use in band signaling the 8 Kbps signaling is taken from the B channel bandwidth so that you may only achieve a 56 Kbps channel speed Network Terminator Network Terminator equipment NT1 is required to interface between the router and the ISDN line The NT1 offers conversion be...

Страница 20: ... to point and multi point configurations and can support dual POTS interfaces Point to point Only one device is connected to the ISDN line Multi point This configuration can have up to 8 devices ISDN telephones ISDN terminal adapters ISDN routers etc dropped on the ISDN line POTS interface device support Up to four devices per port but only one call initiated at a time though another call can be i...

Страница 21: ...he directory number concatenated with other digits Outside North America SPIDs are not required outside of North America Telephone Switch Parameters The following table contains the recommended provisioning for the three switches available in North America When ordering your ISDN service some of the following information depending on your switch will be needed Provisioning Information AT T 5ESS w ...

Страница 22: ... use of the ISDN service 2 Specify your ISDN Basic Rate Interface line BRI provisioning North America only To simplify your ISDN line ordering process use one of these standard ISDN Ordering Codes IOCs or use the table above Select the package that best meets your needs Generic Package M includes Voice and data capability on both B channels The D channel is used for signaling only Generic Package ...

Страница 23: ...be one of the following and may or may not have SPIDs associated with it SWITCH TYPES DNs SPIDs EUROPE NET3 European ISDN ETSI NET3SW Swiss NET3 variant yes yes no no NORTH AMERICA NI1 National ISDN 1 compliant switches AT T 5ESS AT T 5ESS Custom DMS100 Northern Telecom DMS 100 yes yes yes yes yes yes ASIA NTT Nippon Telegraph and Telephone KDD Kokusai Denshin Denwa Ltd HSD64 64Kb permanent connec...

Страница 24: ...ISDN Router 10 When ordering your long distance ISDN service specify ISDN Circuit Switched Data capability clear channel 64 Kb Voice for both B channels ...

Страница 25: ...iskettes containing Configuration Manager and the Command Line Interface manual User Guide this manual Internet Quick Start guide Package Contents Inspection Be sure to inspect the equipment contained in this package prior to installation to ensure that the router has not been damaged during shipment You should report any damage to the freight carrier DO NOT ATTEMPT TO INSTALL OR OPERATE DAMAGED E...

Страница 26: ...n Telephone Wiring Cautions If you must install or alter existing telephone wiring be sure to take the following precautions Do not install telephone wiring during a lightning storm Do not install telephone jacks in wet locations Do not touch non insulated telephone wires Installation Overview Select a suitable location for installing the router The router can be placed on a table or other horizon...

Страница 27: ...ers will have to additionally connect the router console port to their computers to be able to initialize the router s IP address and configure the router Refer to Appendix D Access the Command Line Interface CLI for more details Note 2 The Console interface is not used The following diagram shows the back panel the CSX105 router and the location of jacks for connecting the ISDN equipment analog d...

Страница 28: ......

Страница 29: ...ion or hub configurations Connect the Ethernet LAN using the following instructions Configuration A Ethernet single station Single Station Instructions 1 Connect the 10Base T Ethernet cable yellow label marked Ethernet 10 Base T Crossover to the RJ45 twisted pair Ethernet TPE jack marked 10 Base T on the unit 2 Connect the other end to the Ethernet board in your PC ...

Страница 30: ...ub Hub Attachment Instructions 1 Connect the 10 Base T Ethernet cable a standard category 5 TPE cable NOT SUPPLIED to the RJ45 twisted pair Ethernet TPE jack marked 10 Base T on the unit 2 Connect the other end to the Ethernet board in your PC ...

Страница 31: ...installing model CSX104 or CSX105 your router will have two POTS interfaces on the rear of the unit Instruction Connect one or more phone fax answering machine or other local analog equipment to the POTS jacks on the back panel You can attach multiple devices to one POTS jack using a splitter connector ...

Страница 32: ...terface NT1 is needed This NT1 is built into the router and is transparent to the user These models have only one ISDN U jack on the rear of the router U S Configuration U Interface Instructions 1 Plug one end of the ISDN cable blue label marked ISDN or ADSL into the RJ45 jack marked ISDN U on the back panel of the router 2 Plug the other end of the cable into the RJ45 ISDN wall jack ...

Страница 33: ...ernational outside North America Configuration S T Interface Instructions 1 Plug one end of the ISDN cable blue label marked ISDN or ADSL into the RJ45 jack marked ISDN S T on the back panel of the router 2 Plug the other end of the cable into the S T bus RJ45 ISDN wall jack Note 1 You may connect multiple devices on the same wire in a multi point bus configuration with a splitter If the router is...

Страница 34: ...itch on The router will execute a Power On Self Test POST when the unit is powered on During this test channel lights will flicker After successful completion of the POST and boot of router software the lights will reflect ready status Check the front panel of the router and you should see that In North America PWR light is lit green LINE light is blinking or solid if the correct DNs and SPIDs are...

Страница 35: ... Personal computer hardware and software prerequisites needed to run Configuration Manager are listed in the following section An Ethernet LAN connection between the router and the personal computer is needed to configure the router using the Graphical User Interface Note If you only intend to connect to the Internet please use the Internet Quick Start guide and application instead Important Note ...

Страница 36: ...IP stack installed and running on your PC included with Windows 95 Install Configuration Manager To access Configuration Manager you will first configure your PC to obtain an IP address automatically and then install the Configuration Manager application Note 1 Windows 95 is assumed throughout this section Set your PC to obtain an IP address This section assumes that you have already connected the...

Страница 37: ...u have already connected the router s cables powered the router on set your PC to obtain an IP address rebooted your PC Instructions The three diskettes included in the router box contain Configuration Manager the Internet Quick Start program a configuration utility for Internet users and an electronic copy of the Command Line Interface manual 1 To install the Configuration Manager program insert ...

Страница 38: ...ager 1 Click the Start button on your PC desktop 2 Select Programs 3 Select Cabletron Configuration Manager 4 Click the Configuration Manager icon The following screen is the Configuration Manager s main menu before you connect to the router ...

Страница 39: ...se key words concepts Target router Router that you are configuring Also referred to as local router Remote routers All the routers to which the target local router may connect Remote router database Database which resides in the target router and contains information about the remote routers to which the target router may connect Remote router entry Entry about a remote router in the target route...

Страница 40: ...amically through the PPP Protocol or An IP address and mask may simply not be required Unnumbered mode The exact detail for how the WAN port needs to be configured depends upon the requirements of the router at the remote end Normally the required information is passed between the routers using the PPP Protocol thus no manual configuration is required When the local WAN interface has an IP address...

Страница 41: ...te router when IP traffic is addressed to networks and stations beyond that remote router After the link is established RIP update packets will dynamically add to the target router s routing table Note Seeding the routing table is not necessary when a target router never dials out it will discover remote networks and stations beyond the calling router as soon as RIP updates arrive provided the rem...

Страница 42: ...os are illustrated on the next page In unnumbered mode neither IP address is defined on the WAN link In numbered mode one IP address is defined on each end of the WAN link These addresses may or may not belong to the same subnetwork They may also be determined automatically negotiated or forced by the network administrator The Router runs in unnumbered mode or numbered mode determined automaticall...

Страница 43: ...k as the remote router The following illustration is an example of a subnet 128 1 129 0 of Class B IP network 128 1 Specify a Remote WAN IP Address if the remote router does not support IP address negotiation under PPP i e does not have a pre assigned IP address ...

Страница 44: ...ess IPX Routes If the router is to direct traffic to network segments and servers beyond the remote router the routing table in the target router can be seeded with static IPX routes An IPX route includes a network number a hop count the hop count is the number of routers through which traffic must pass to reach the remote network segment or server a number of ticks the number of ticks represents ...

Страница 45: ...esents the service application within the server node The target router s SAP services table must be seeded statically so that the target router can direct traffic to the appropriate remote router when a service is requested from a server beyond that remote router After the link is established SAP broadcast packets will dynamically add to the target router s services table Seeding the table is not...

Страница 46: ...ices to the SAP table internal node numbers are used Collect Your Network Information You should obtain define and specify information about the target router s network before you start configuring your router This simple step will save you time and make the configuration process a lot easier Use the Network Information Worksheets in Appendix C to collect your network information For the Target ro...

Страница 47: ...ed in both PAP and CHAP authentication The following diagram shows how this information is used Note A useful Names and Passwords Example is provided page 66 ISDN Line Information The following information should be obtained from your ISDN service provider ISDN switch type The switch types supported are listed in chapter 1 page 7 Directory Numbers DNs or Phone Numbers Phone numbers assigned by the...

Страница 48: ...ress a mask a metric and a gateway An Ethernet route is usually defined when there are multiple routers on the Ethernet which cannot exchange routing information between them Ethernet Default Gateway One default route should be designated in the routing table for all traffic that cannot be directed to other specific routes You will need to define the default route to a remote router or define an E...

Страница 49: ...efine the default route to a remote router or if required due to special circumstances define an Ethernet gateway There can be only one default route specified for all the remote database entries Advice It is often helpful to draw a diagram including all locations addresses router names etc The following diagram shows the information required to configure only the target router s side If you need ...

Страница 50: ...hat only one router needs to have the WAN Network Number configured The other router will learn it SAP Service Advertisement Protocol SAP entries should reflect primary logon servers for the clients on the local LAN Only the servers on the remote side of the link have to be entered Local servers do not need to be entered Frame type With local servers on your LAN make sure to select the proper fram...

Страница 51: ...s including System Name System Message optional Dial Authentication Password Ethernet IP Address and LAN RIP Settings DHCP Settings If configuring IPX Ethernet IPX Network Change Login Password optional 3 ISDN Settings Configure the target router s ISDN Settings including ISDN Switch Settings SPIDs DNs Switch type Analog Phone Settings for POTS routers 4 Remote Routers Add Remote Routers to the re...

Страница 52: ...oot the router 8 Verify the router s configuration As you step through the configuration each setting you change results in a dynamic update of the router s configuration Some changes though don t take effect until you store the configuration and reboot the router Note Changes requiring a reboot of the router System Settings Ethernet IP IPX Address and options Bridging and Routing Controls TCP IP ...

Страница 53: ...o connect If you cannot connect to the router Verify the router s LAN IP address and subnet mask by using the Terminal Window under Tools and typing eth list Check the PC and router s physical connections to the LAN First time Connection Messages The first time that you connect to the router a message will inform you that the firmware file is being automatically backed up from the router to the PC...

Страница 54: ...s information You do not need to do this at this time this is the same menu displayed when you click the button System Settings later in the configuration process Software is the target router s software level Hardware is the Model Number Serial Number and Revision Level of the router The About button is used to display Configuration Manager s version number date and SNMP DLL version If you need t...

Страница 55: ... for the target router This name is sent to other routers during dial up authentication Space characters within the name are converted to underscores as the system name is a word when exchanged with PAP CHAP System Message You may enter an optional system message in the field labeled Message This message is saved in the router and is displayed on Configuration Manager s main menu screen This field...

Страница 56: ...RIP Settings You have the option to enter or change your router s Ethernet IP address and IP protocol control information LAN RIP Settings Ethernet IP Address For IP routing click Ethernet IP Address if you wish to change the Ethernet IP address and subnet mask from the default The following window displays the default IP address and subnet mask factory default Changing the IP Address and Mask Use...

Страница 57: ...mber Select the appropriate frame type Click OK to save the changes and exit the window The IPX Network Number also known as the External Network Number is an 8 character hexadecimal string representing the Ethernet LAN You can now use this window to change the settings The frame types must be compatible with the Novell server located on the same LAN To determine this consult with your network adm...

Страница 58: ...ls From Configuration Manager s main menu click ISDN Settings and then click ISDN Switch to access the following window ISDN Switch Specify the Switch Type that your ISDN service provider is using in the Telco Switch Type field Select one of the appropriate switch NTT Nippon Telephone and Telegraph KDD Kokusai Denshin Denwa Co Ltd AT T 5ESS custom Northern Telecom DMS 100 custom NI1 National ISDN ...

Страница 59: ...uto SPIDs detection fails the user will have to enter this information manually Once you have set a switch type and directory numbers the router can try to automatically detect the SPID numbers as follows From the ISDN Switch Settings window click the Auto SPIDs button The ISDN Auto SPIDs Configuration screen will appear The router will attempt to detect several common SPID formats and this proces...

Страница 60: ... Phone Settings Important This feature only applies if you have a POTS router Click Analog Phones in ISDN Settings Your POTS router is preconfigured with default settings for your telephone interfaces The default analog phone settings for POTS 1 and POTS 2 are Both Dial and Answer Mode Always for both Data Preemption and Automatic Preemption If you wish to change the default settings for the POTS ...

Страница 61: ...click New Entry A new window opens not shown Enter the new router name in the field provided and then click OK The router name will then be placed in the list of routers at the top of the list on the previous screen Delete a Remote Router Database Entry Click the down arrow associated with the Select a Router field in order to display the list of remote routers entered into the database Click the ...

Страница 62: ...ault However make sure that the Entry Enabled box is checked Disabling and then re enabling an entry requires a reboot unless you have not rebooted between the changes When you are done click Close in the Remote Router Database window to return to the main window Dial Settings After adding a router to the remote router database you can then enter additional information about the router Click Dial ...

Страница 63: ...force a disconnect and will minimize dial up costs The default disconnect time is 60 seconds The router will disconnect the ISDN link after the number of seconds has passed since the last data transmission Minimum Links You can set the minimum number of links to be used for remote data transmission Specify a number of B channels up to maximum links to be permanently allocated for the remote site c...

Страница 64: ...going or both directions of traffic between the router and the remote site Select Input Output or Input and Output Enable Data Compression Compression for the link is enabled by default However if you experience compatibility problems turn off data compression Dial Back Numbers Dial Back forces the local router to refuse an incoming call from the remote router and dial the remote router back This ...

Страница 65: ...vel used by the target router when challenging or authenticating the remote router Disable Authentication Check the Disable Authentication box if you wish to prevent your router from authenticating the remote router when dialing out The router will not request any authentication information from the remote router but will still reply to any PAP or CHAP authentication request performed by the remot...

Страница 66: ...Tree Protocol checks for and eliminates loops in the network topology On If there is a possibility of redundant paths between nodes the Spanning Tree Protocol should be turned on when dialing a site where such a loop possibility exists Off If you choose to leave STP off this assumes that no pair of nodes on the larger network made by joining all the local LANs that can dial each other can be conne...

Страница 67: ...ote router if the target router will be placing calls to that remote router The default route is specified as 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 1 or you may click the default route button Note There can be only one default route specified for all the remote database entries Defining a default route on the WAN is comparable to defining a gateway on the LAN If you have more than one router be sure to choose o...

Страница 68: ...te router menu screen select IPX Routes If you are configuring IPX Routing you now need to enter details about routing to network segments connected beyond the remote router Ask your network administrator to determine if you need to seed the routing table and what information is required IPX Routes To seed the routing table you will enter IPX Route Addresses in the IPX Routes window This window di...

Страница 69: ...ministrator to determine if you need to seed the services table and what information is required To seed the services table click IPX SAPs The window displays a list of each Server Name with the corresponding Server Type Network Node and Socket The WAN Network Number is displayed To add a new server entry click Add Select a server by entering the Server Type click one of the servers already define...

Страница 70: ...uter into the Remote Router Database if you intend to perform outbound bridging Outbound Bridging If you wish the router to perform outbound bridging you must select a remote Default Bridging destination to be used on all dial out operations Click the down arrow by the Select Remote field to display the list of routers in the Remote Router Database and select the router to be used for the remote r...

Страница 71: ...ault You may want to disable this option if for example the router is used at home to access both a company network and the Internet at the same time and it is desirable that company information does not pass to the Internet Step 6 Store the Configuration After you have followed steps 1 5 you are ready to save the configuration to FLASH in the router Click Store on the main menu Click OK again to ...

Страница 72: ...r a dial tone when picking up the phone handset Test IP Routing Test IP Routing over the Local Ethernet LAN Use the TCP IP ping command or similar method to contact the configured target router specifying the Ethernet LAN IP address If you cannot contact the router Verify that the IP address and subnet mask are correct Check cable connections and pinning Test IP Routing to a Remote Destination You...

Страница 73: ... verify the target router s ISDN configuration SPIDs and DNs telephone company provisioning associated equipment NT1 etc and cable connections If the ISDN line is operational check the remote router s telephone numbers and links parameter Check that if required you specified valid remote WAN IP address and local WAN IP addresses Verify the security authentication method and password of the remote ...

Страница 74: ...s the remote WAN link network number Check cable connections and pinouts Verify that the IPX Routes and IPX SAPs you have specified are correct If you cannot contact the remote router run the Port Monitor to check the status of the ISDN channels If the ISDN link is not in standby mode verify the target router s ISDN configuration SPIDs and DNs telephone company provisioning associated equipment NT...

Страница 75: ...e small office SOHO has IP routing enabled to ISP with a Class C addressing scheme and to HQ Bandwidth on Demand is configured for accessing central site HQ The default of one line is configured for calling the ISP though two different phone numbers are defined for use DHCP server s IP addresses are used DHCP will be set up to issue DNS information to the SOHO LAN Network Address Translation NAT w...

Страница 76: ...ISDN Router 62 Sample Network Diagram Small Office SOHO Target Router Central Site HQ ...

Страница 77: ...gured_JULY_1997 System Settings Authentication Password Dial Authentication Password SOHOpasswd System Settings DHCP Settings Use defaults but add DNS Domain Name DNS Server WINS Server address myISP com 192 168 200 1 172 16 0 2 ISDN Settings ISDN Switch ISDN SPID 1 ISDN SPID 2 ISDN Directory Number 1 ISDN Directory Number 2 ISDN Switch Type 0555100001 0555300001 5551000 5553000 NI1 ...

Страница 78: ...ntication Disable Authentication Remote Router s Password Secret None Yes Hqpasswd Remote Routers Bridging Bridging On Off Spanning Tree Protocol On Off Remote Routers TCP IP Route Addresses Remote Network s IP Addresses Subnet Masks and Metrics Address Translation In Advanced Source WAN IP Address and Subnet Mask Remote WAN IP Address and Subnet Mask 172 16 0 0 255 255 0 0 1 Disabled Not required...

Страница 79: ...ity Minimum Authentication Disable Authentication Remote Router s Password None Yes ISPpasswd Remote Routers Bridging Bridging On Off Spanning Tree Protocol Bridging Off Off Remote Routers TCP IP Route Addresses Remote Network s IP Addresses Subnet Masks and Metrics Address Translation In Advanced Source WAN IP Address and Subnet Mask Remote WAN IP Address and Subnet Mask 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 1...

Страница 80: ...asswd which is likewise used when HQ dials out to site SOHO for authentication by SOHO and at any time SOHO challenges HQ ISP has a system password ISPpasswd used for the same purpose Remote Passwords Each router has a remote router s password for each remote router defined in its Remote Router Database The router will use the remote password to authenticate the remote site when the remote router ...

Страница 81: ...urity to disable authentication to simplify the process Names passwords configured in SOHO Router Names passwords configured in HQ Router Names passwords configured in ISP Router System Name SOHO HQ ISP System Password SOHOpasswd HQpasswd ISPpasswd Remote Router Database HQpasswd ISPpasswd SOHOpasswd SOHOpasswd ...

Страница 82: ...ter supports DHCP and acts as a DHCP server itself allowing hosts PCs etc to acquire initialization parameters IP addresses masks domain names etc automatically These initialization parameters are collectively called the lease and are valid for a certain amount of time usually one week When a lease expires a new one is acquired For this to happen your PC has to be configured to use DHCP PC Configu...

Страница 83: ...uration tab 2 Click Use DHCP for WINS Resolution 3 Click OK 6 Click the DNS Configuration tab and select Disable DNS Click OK 7 You are now back in the Network window Select the Identification tab Enter a computer name a workgroup name and computer description if you wish Click OK 8 Files are now being copied A Setting Changes message will ask you if you wish to restart your computer Answer Yes Th...

Страница 84: ... information specifically for Internet access Configure the WINS Servers settings if working with Windows NT To access the DHCP Server Settings screen click System Settings and DHCP Settings DHCP IP Address Pool The existing IP Address Pool settings can be changed if you need to modify increase the range of your address pool If you change your router s IP address the router s DHCP server will auto...

Страница 85: ...ion parameters from the router Note Windows 95 users can easily acquire an IP address without restarting the PC using the Winipcfg utility as follows 1 Click the Start button located on your PC desktop screen 2 Click Run Enter WINIPCFG 3 Click Release to clear your current IP address and Renew to acquire new IP parameters The new settings will be displayed 4 Click OK Disabling DHCP To disable DHCP...

Страница 86: ...outing is enabled From the Configuration Manager s main menu click Remote Routers and then TCP IP Route Addresses In the TCP IP Routes window check the Enable Address Translation box Source and Remote WAN Port Address This information is required if you are running NAT and the remote router does not dynamically assign the local target router WAN Port Address This address corresponds to the global ...

Страница 87: ...ive RIP packets from the remote site Default The default is to restrict sending or receiving IP RIP packets or default routes If RIP packets are not allowed to flow on the WAN link you must seed the routing table You can also advertise the remote site s existence The default is to keep the remote site s existence private RIP Options RIP 1 Compatible In RIP 1 Compatible mode the router can broadcas...

Страница 88: ...n Ethernet IP Address Your current IP Address and Subnet Mask are displayed Select the appropriate RIP options under LAN RIP Settings Turn on WAN Settings RIP is disabled by default To enable another RIP option From the Configuration Manager s main menu click RemoteRouters Select your remote router Click TCP IP Route Addresses In the TCP IP Route Addresses window click Advanced Select the appropri...

Страница 89: ...Caller ID If the call is rejected by the local router check the message displayed on the console message window in the Port Monitor or use the system history command for the actual digits received and reconfigure with the correct number ISDN Dial Back Dial Back forces the local router to reject an incoming call from the remote router and to dial the remote router back This feature is used to cause...

Страница 90: ...ack or place a normal call to the remote router in both instances the local router will incur the charges Note This option requires Caller ID It also requires that the ISDN network present the telephone number of the local router to the remote number In certain areas you may need to subscribe to this ISDN option with your ISDN provider Call only to perform Dial Back The local router can only dial ...

Страница 91: ...outgoing call will use any available B channel Note This default setting can be changed using the Command Line Interface but not Configuration Manager Refer to Appendix D for instructions to access the Command Line Interface Phone usage and data preemption Call preemption allows you to give voice calls priority over data calls a voice call depending on the configuration options will cause a discon...

Страница 92: ...utgoing calls Automatic preemption applies for outgoing calls Manual preemption applies for incoming calls Manual preemption applies for outgoing and incoming calls Preemption Rules Voice calls always preempt data Voice always preempts data if two B channels are used for the same destination Call preemption does not occur on incoming calls unless a person picks up the phone or the analog equipment...

Страница 93: ...preemption option for each line Always Incoming Calls Outgoing Calls Never Automatic Preemption In ISDN Settings click Analog Phones In Analog Phones Setting you can select one of the following Automatic Preemption options Always Incoming Calls Outgoing Calls Never Note To activate Automatic Preemption Data Preemption has been already enabled ...

Страница 94: ...ave the configuration to FLASH the configuration is lost upon reboot or power down of the router Lock Line Speed at 56Kb s This feature should only be used when a network operating at 56 000 bits per second actually signals calls at 64 000 bits per second This feature forces all calls to 56 000 bits per second with rate adaptation To lock the ISDN line at 56 000 bits per second click ISDN Settings...

Страница 95: ...ows from an ASCII terminal or through a TELNET session for remote access How to access the Terminal Window In order to access the Terminal Window your PC or ASCII terminal must be connected to the Console port All necessary information regarding accessing the CLI through Configuration Manager or through other modes of access is explained in details in Appendix D Accessing the Command Line Interfac...

Страница 96: ...imply done using the Terminal Window to access the Command Line Interface The router s address is changed to be in the same IP subnetwork as the PC However the PC s address remains the same Instructions 1 The console serial cable allows you to access the Command Line Interface via Configuration Manager Refer to Appendix D Accessing the Command Line Interface page 119 for installation and cable ins...

Страница 97: ... LAN IP address and subnet mask as well as the port number save reboot 5 Close the terminal window 6 Click the Connect button in Configuration Manager 7 Enter the same IP address you just assigned to the router 8 Verify that you have set the router s LAN connection address and subnet mask correctly WAN Port Monitor An ISDN port monitoring function is available to you once you have connected to the...

Страница 98: ...ws Several ISDN monitor windows can be opened at the same time by entering different IP addresses to let you monitor different routers You can also monitor routers which do not reside on your LAN Display When an ISDN B channel is connected the inbound and outbound bandwidth utilization of the channel is displayed A vertical bar across the channel shows the average utilization 0 100 and the bar len...

Страница 99: ... incoming data calls by checking the appropriate box This feature is most useful for models equipped with analog telephony features as you may want to receive and place analog calls without incurring the risk of lengthy phone calls for data because you are allowing calls to an outbound bridge for instance Options The Options menu allows the user to select the IP address or the monitoring frequency...

Страница 100: ...oid confusion You may however prefer to always be able to see the latest information generated by the router To do so set this parameter to a large number 3600 for one hour for example View POTS The POTS Monitor is integrated into the Port Monitor but is only available with ISDN routers that support analog telephony features It monitors the state of the two analog lines supported by the router and...

Страница 101: ...log window or click Log Stop the logging function is terminated and the log file if any is closed Upgrade Backup This menu gives you the options upgrade and backup or restore the following files Firmware Script Configuration DHCP settings ISDN settings Upgrade lets you upgrade or restore files from your PC to the router With Backup the files are downloaded from the router to your PC A TFTP utility...

Страница 102: ...new version upgrade of the router s firmware Execute Backup Script file This feature is used to load batch files of configuration commands into the router This allows for customization and simpler installation of the router A script file can contain commands comments lines introduced by the or characters and blank lines The file is created on your PC using Notepad or other text editor The command ...

Страница 103: ...ISDN DAT SYSTEM CNF DHCP DAT and to go back to the original factory default settings Click Reset Defaults A message will ask you if you want to clear your configuration files If you answer Yes the router will reboot Note It is recommended that you back up all of your existing configuration files before resetting the defaults in your router Reboot from Network Reboot from Network is used in the fol...

Страница 104: ...ity Name 161 for the UDP Port You may however want to change the default settings for security reasons or to allow SNMP monitoring of a device located on the LAN while running NAT both the device and the router can be monitored or managed at different UDP ports Changing the settings will affect only the Windows configuration parameters but will not change the actual settings in the router The rout...

Страница 105: ...word Authentication Protocol and Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol PAP CHAP ISDN BRI Bridging Routing IPX Routing IEEE 802 1D Bridging Bridging and Routing Protocol Filtering Bandwidth on Demand POTS Analog Line Interface Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP Network Address Translation NAT Software upgrade utilities TELNET Windows GUI Configura...

Страница 106: ... and Microsoft variants are also supported PAP and CHAP Security The router supports the Password Authentication Protocol PAP and Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol CHAP under PPP PAP provides verification of passwords between routers using a 2 way handshake One router peer sends the system name and password to the other router Then the other router known as the authenticator checks the p...

Страница 107: ...nsferring data Voice is transferred using either B channel If the two B channels are used for separate connections each provides up to 64Kbps transfer rates Both channels can be used together to provide uncompressed data transfer at up to 128Kbps The router can also transfer compressible data at up to 512Kbps A Network Terminator device NT1 provides the interface between ISDN terminal router equip...

Страница 108: ...s NETBIOS to be forwarded and allows optimizing internetwork capacity by localizing traffic on LAN segments A bridge extends the physical reach of networks beyond the limits of each LAN segment Bridging can increase network security with filtering Routing Routing provides a way to transfer user data from source to destination over different LAN and WAN links using one or more network protocol form...

Страница 109: ...ng or bridging from to specific remote routers are controls set during the configuration process Spoofing and filtering which minimize the number of packets that flow across the WAN are performed automatically by the router For example RIP routing packets and certain NetBEUI packets are spoofed even if only bridging is enabled For more detailed information on packet routing and bridging refer to t...

Страница 110: ... network layer This support includes the Routing Information Protocol RIP which allows the exchange of routing information on an Internetwork and the Service Advertising Protocol SAP which provides a means of exchanging Internetwork service information The router receives and broadcasts RIP and SAP messages to adjacent routers and workstations so that clients on the network can determine what serv...

Страница 111: ...ewall implementations protect against one form of intrusion The built in protection Firewall of the router does not take the place of a professional Firewall system designed to protect against multiple violations Bridge Filtering Bridge filtering allows a network administrator to control the flow of packets across the router Bridge filtering can be used to deny or allow the transmission or recepti...

Страница 112: ...B Channels Each 64Kbps ISDN B channel can be used individually for a separate data connection POTS Analog Line Interface The router software support for local analog phone devices provides emulation of central office voice services to control the analog lines Call progress tones and DTMF are supported Only one line can dial at a time the other line can have an established call in progress while th...

Страница 113: ...a PC s local internal address into a temporary global outside Internet IP address NAT is needed when a PC or several PCs on a Local Area Network wants to connect to the outside Internet to get to a remote network NAT swaps the local IP address to a global IP address Our version of NAT goes one step further by allowing several PCs to share one single IP address to the Internet thus reducing connect...

Страница 114: ...story Log described on page 110 allows the redirection of all console output including notifications that would only appear at the console terminal to any TELNET session Windows GUI Configurator A Microsoft Windows based program Configuration Manager is provided for configuring the router This Windows GUI point and click configurator is described in the chapter Installing and Accessing Configurati...

Страница 115: ...figuration of advanced features such as Bridge filtering ISDN subaddressing Optional IP filters Optional encryption Advanced DHCP settings Additional security IP host mapping These topics are discussed in the Command Line Interface guide ...

Страница 116: ...ISDN Router 102 ...

Страница 117: ...ed a hardware error and the rightmost five LEDs flash an error code Contact Technical Support ISDN NT1 channel LED is off blinking slowly North America only This LED is only active if an NT1 is installed If the unit has an internal NT1 a problem is occurring in the connection to the network Examine the phone line cable for frays Check that each end is securely plugged in Contact the ISDN service p...

Страница 118: ... for frays Check that each end is securely plugged in Contact the ISDN service provider to ensure the ISDN line is operational If you have other ISDN equipment that is operational temporarily plug it into the wall jack to verify the ISDN line out to the service provider ISDN line channel LED is fast blinking The router is having trouble negotiating SPIDs and DNs with the central office Problems wi...

Страница 119: ...usly stored into the router s configuration You must have previously set the router s Ethernet LAN IP address and subnet mask saved the Ethernet configuration changes and rebooted the router for the new IP address to take effect Check that your LAN cable is pinned correctly and each end securely plugged in Make sure the PC and target router are on the same IP subnetwork or the target router is rea...

Страница 120: ...u will place the router in maintenance mode Set switches 5 and 6 up and turn the power off and then on Problems accessing the remote network Start the Port Monitor and check the status of the ISDN B channels which should be in Standby mode Check that the ISDN line SPIDs and DNs if required are valid the telephone switch settings are correct and the line can be activated Verify that the ISDN phone ...

Страница 121: ...ress control or protocol option changes If IPX routing Check that IPX Routing has been set on and the remote end is enabled for IPX routing Validate that the IPX WAN network number matches the remote router s WAN network number Check that the IPX Routes network numbers hops and ticks seeded into the routing table for network segments and servers beyond the remote router are correct Check that IPX ...

Страница 122: ... are two phone numbers to the remote router Both ISDN channels are always used for traffic on connection to the remote router Verify that the bandwidth threshold is set 0 Check maximum and minimum link settings Diagnostic Tools Troubleshooting Help File The Configuration Manager s Help file features an extensive troubleshooting section which is meant to help you diagnose and solve problems quickly...

Страница 123: ...rejected 30 Response to STATUS INQUIRY 31 Normal unspecified 34 No circuit channel available 38 Network out of order 41 Temporary failure 42 Switching equipment congestion 43 Access information discarded 44 Requested circuit channel not available 47 Resource unavailable unspecified 49 Quality of service unavailable 50 Requested facility not subscribed 57 Bearer capability not authorized 58 Bearer ...

Страница 124: ...luding Configuration Manager or from Telnet 1 If accessing the logging utility through Telnet click Connect from the menu Remote System and enter the router s IP address Click Connect If accessing the logging utility through Configuration Manager select Tools and Terminal Window the console cable is required 2 Log in with your administration password into the router e g admin 3 Use the command sys...

Страница 125: ...t Before calling Cabletron Systems Technical Support have the following information ready Router model number Router software version Date of purchase A description of the failure A description of any action s already taken to resolve the problem e g changing mode switches rebooting the unit etc A description of your network environment layout cable type etc Network load and frame size at the time...

Страница 126: ...cal Support in the U S Addresses Numbers Telephone 603 332 9400 Monday Friday 8 A M 8 P M Eastern Time E Mail support ctron com Fax 603 337 2211 Address Cabletron Systems 35 Industrial Way Rochester NH 03867 Web Site http www cabletron com ...

Страница 127: ...or the normal operation of the router If these switches are not set in these positions when you receive the unit or you change the settings reset them to continue normal operation Switches 1 and 2 are not operational The following table describes the meaning of each configuration switch when in the up off or down on position Configuration Switch Settings Description Switch 5 UP normal DOWN Normal ...

Страница 128: ... 29 233 238 5 1 router 255 255 255 248 FFFFFFF8 29 241 246 5 1 router 255 255 255 248 FFFFFFF8 29 249 254 13 1 router 255 255 255 240 FFFFFFF0 28 1 14 13 1 router 255 255 255 240 FFFFFFF0 28 17 30 13 1 router 255 255 255 240 FFFFFFF0 28 33 46 13 1 router 255 255 255 240 FFFFFFF0 28 49 62 13 1 router 255 255 255 240 FFFFFFF0 28 65 78 13 1 router 255 255 255 240 FFFFFFF0 28 81 94 13 1 router 255 255...

Страница 129: ...uter chart for each remote router to be entered into the remote router database If you are setting up both ends of the network You will need a mirror image of the information listed below for configuring the router on the other end of the ISDN link You will find the Network Information Worksheets for the Target Router the Remote Router and Bridging and Routing Controls on the following pages ...

Страница 130: ...ial Authentication Password System Settings Ethernet IP Address Ethernet IP Address Subnet Mask System Settings Ethernet IPX Network Ethernet IPX Network Number ISDN Settings ISDN Switch ISDN SPID 1 ISDN SPID 2 ISDN DN 1 ISDN DN 2 ISDN Switch Type ISDN Settings DHCP Settings Use defaults but add DNS Domain Name DNS Server WINS Server Address ...

Страница 131: ...urity Minimum Authentication Remote Router s Password Remote Routers Bridging Bridging On Off Spanning Tree On Off Remote Routers TCP IP Route Addresses Remote Network s IP Addresses Masks Metrics In Advanced Source WAN IP Addr mask Remote WAN IP Address and Mask IP RIP Protocol Options Remote Routers IPX Routes IPX Routes Network Number Hop Count Ticks Remote Routers IPX SAPs SAPs Server Name Ser...

Страница 132: ...ISDN Router 118 BRIDGING AND ROUTING CONTROLS Configuration Section Item Setting Bridging Routing Default Remote Bridging Destination TCP IP Routing On Off Internet Firewall On Off IPX Routing On Off ...

Страница 133: ...n Windows platforms Macintosh UNIX etc The CLI is the only configuration software available to non Windows users It is accessed from an ASCII terminal emulation or via Telnet to the router It is needed to initialize the router s IP address manually and for all configuration matters Windows based platforms The CLI is used selectively for a number of situations It can be accessed from within the CM ...

Страница 134: ...back panel of the router 2 If you are connecting directly to a workstation attach the DB9 adapter to the other end of the cable and connect that end to your workstation Note Pinouts for the RJ45 connector are provided in the Quick Start Guide Accessing the Command Line Interface The Command Line Interface is available at all times once you have installed the router s hardware connected the PC with...

Страница 135: ... XOFF support 1 stop bit To open a terminal window emulation from within Configuration Manager Use of Configuration Manager s Terminal Window is suitable for advanced configuration and file management The communications settings are the same as described above 1 Click Tools 2 Click Terminal Window You now have the ability to select a command using the Commands Menu function To open a terminal wind...

Страница 136: ...be in the same subnetwork Ex Router address is 192 168 254 254 PC address is 192 168 254 253 2 Click the Start button located on your PC desktop click Windows Explorer Windows and TELNET EXE 3 Select Connect and Remote System from the menu 4 In the Connect window enter the router s IP address Click Connect ...

Страница 137: ...g the capability of adjusting the bandwidth opening or closing multiple B channels when the load in traffic increases or decreases BRI Basic Rate Interface The ISDN interface providing two 64 Kbps B channels for voice data and video transmission and one 16 Kbps D channel for signaling and data transmission Bridge A device that segments network traffic A bridge maintains a list of each segment s no...

Страница 138: ... is required and released as soon as the resource is no longer needed DN Your ISDN provider your Telco assigns you Directory Numbers when your ISDN services are first installed DNs are used to identify the ISDN line Each DN is assigned for each B channel of the ISDN line In North America a DN is typically a 10 digit number Ex 408 555 1234 DTE Data Terminating Equipment DTE refers to equipment used...

Страница 139: ...32 bit address assigned to devices that participate in a network using TCP IP An IP address consists of four octets separated with periods defining network optional subnetwork and host sections IPX Internet Packet Exchange A network layer protocol developed by Novell and used in NetWare and other networks ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network Digital transmission standard defining communication...

Страница 140: ... to use multiple serial WAN channels for transferring one datastream With MLP a user can send and receive data over both B channels in an ISDN basic rate interface connection NetWare A network operating system developed by Novell Inc providing shared access to files and other network services IPX is the main protocol Network Layer Layer 3 of the OSI reference model which provides the protocol rout...

Страница 141: ...on for the user to network interface Q 931 ISDN specification for call set up and signaling on ISDN connections RFC Request for Comment Documentation describing Internet communications specifications e g Telnet TFTP Often these RFCs are used to achieve multi vendor interoperability during implementation RJ11 Standard 4 wire connectors for telephone lines RJ45 Standard 8 wire connectors used for IS...

Страница 142: ...ory number Split B Channels Each 64Kbps ISDN B channel can be used individually for a separate data connection Spoofing Spoofing is a technique used to remove poll and update service frames from WAN links while ensuring that the network continues to operate normally Spoofing is employed to minimize dial up line connection time Subnet Address An extension of the Internet 32 bit addressing scheme wh...

Страница 143: ... Twisted pair Ethernet also known as 10 Base T Transparent Bridging Bridging technique used in Ethernet networks which allows transfer of frames across intermediate nodes using tables associating end nodes with bridging addresses Bridges are unknown to the end nodes UDP User Datagram Protocol A connectionless protocol used to pass packets across an Internet network requiring no handshaking between...

Страница 144: ...ISDN Router 130 ...

Страница 145: ...lear configuration files 89 Command Line Interface access 120 change IP address with 82 feature description 100 for non Windows users 119 general 119 reasons for using 119 compression protocol PPP 92 configuration bridging 95 Command Line Interface 100 connecting to target 39 default bridging destination 56 dial authentication password 42 Ethernet IP address 43 Ethernet IPX Network Number 43 Inter...

Страница 146: ...ack general 75 numbers 50 Dial on Demand 98 directory numbers 7 77 Directory Numbers 33 E error messages 109 Ethernet LAN cable supplied 11 IP Address 43 116 IP configuration parameters 34 IPX configuration parameters 30 F factory defaults 89 file system 99 filtering bridging and routing protocol 97 Internet Firewall 57 IP Routing 96 IPX Routing 96 piggyback method 96 H hardware features 101 insta...

Страница 147: ...ing router with 93 ISDN B channels 84 ISDN channel troubleshooting 108 ISDN Dial Back 75 ISDN link level error messages 109 ISDN parameters 5 ISDN WAN interface 26 L LED indicators normal operation 20 lock line speed at 56Kb s 80 logging utility 110 login password 39 43 reset 106 M main menu 39 maintenance 100 management tools 81 manual preemption 77 mask 83 114 model 122 17 model features and num...

Страница 148: ...1 bridging 52 definition 25 phone numbers 48 troubleshooting 107 WAN IP addresses 54 remote router database 46 add delete modify enable disable entry 47 definition 25 dial settings 48 remote WAN IP address 29 54 reset configuration files 89 resetting router s defaults 89 restoring files 87 RIP general 73 IP Routing 96 LAN RIP settings 74 packets 73 95 router names usage 33 routing general descript...

Страница 149: ...al support log file 40 telephone numbers 7 telephone switch support 93 telephone switch types 9 93 telephone switches 7 TELNET 100 terminal emulation communications settings 121 establishing session 121 Terminal Window access 81 management tool 81 TFTP 87 99 tools 81 troubleshooting accessing remote network 106 bandwidth 108 bridging 106 console 104 diagnosis tools 108 hardware 103 hardware config...

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