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Typical

Impedance

Measurement

echniques

Typical

Impedance

Measurement

echniques

This

section

describes

typical

impedance

measurement

techniques

The

topics

covered

include:

Applying

bias

Equivalent

circuit

analysis

Determining

value

using

the

width

function

ort

extension

Applying

Bias

The

4395A

option

001

source

can

used

supply

640

6100

voltage/current

external

circuit

DUT

through

the

SOURCE

port

the

front

panel.

This

section

explains

how

supply

bias

the

DUT

impedance

measurement

mode

Make

sure

that

the

4395A's

SOURCE

port

inactive

(The

softkey

label

under

Source

should

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

OUT

OFF

Connect

BNC

cable

between

the

SOURCE

port

and

the

impedance

test

kit's

SOURCE

INPUT

port

(see

Figure

8-30).

The

4395A

can

apply

voltage

bias

640V

current

bias

620

mA.

Figure

8-30.

Connecting

SOURCE

Impedance

test

kit

Caution

not

attempt

perform

calibration

xture

compensation

while

the

4395A

applying

bias

Doing

could

damage

the

calibration

xture

compensation

standard.

Analyzing

the

Measurement

Results

8-51

Содержание 4395A

Страница 1: ...eration Manual Manual Change Agilent Part No N A Feb 2008 Change 1 Change the value of Return loss to the following Return loss frequency 100 MHz 12 dB SPC frequency 100 MHz 7 dB SPC Change 2 Change the specification of L Accuracy Page 11 19 to the following Accuracy D 0 2 0 2 D La La La 1 D ...

Страница 2: ...t 2008 Agilent Technologies マニュアルチェンジ変更１ Return Loss の値を以下に変更してください Return loss frequency 100 MHz 12 dB SPC frequency 100 MHz 7 dB SPC 変更 2 L Accuracy の仕様ページ 11 19 を以下に変更して下さい Accuracy D 0 2 0 2 D La La La 1 D ...

Страница 3: ...5 6 to 5 9 or the 4396B Function reference You can also download the 4396B Manual with the following process 1 Open the Agilent Technologies Website http www agilent com 2 In the search box enter 4396B and then open the page of 4396B Network Spectrum Impedance Analyzer 3 Click the manuals in the Technical Support of 4396B RF Network Spectrum Impedance Analyzer 4 Download the manual C Copyright 200...

Страница 4: ...396B の機能解説書を参照して下さいまた 4396B のマニュアルは以下の手順でダウンロードする事ができます 1 アジレントテクノロジーのホームページを開きます http www agilent com 2 検索の欄に 4396B を入力し 4396B ネットワークスペクトラムインピーダンスアナライザのページを開きます 3 4396B RF ネットワークスペクトラムインピーダンスアナライザのテクニカルサポートイベントからマニュアルをクリックします 4 マニュアルをダウンロードします C Copyright 2007 Agilent Technologies ...

Страница 5: ...te the conversion factor using the following equations with displayed units Unit Use dBm Hz K 10logBW dBV Hz dBμV Hz K 10logBW W Hz K BW V Hz K BW Where BW is the target equivalent noise bandwidth Change 2 Change options 1CN 1CM and 1CP in the package contents of the 4395A page 2 3 to the following Description Agilent Part Number Quantity Option 1CN Handle Kit Handle Kit 5063 9229 1 Option 1CM Rac...

Страница 6: ...数 K を計算します表示単位式 dBm Hz K 10logBW dBV Hz dBμV Hz K 10logBW W Hz K BW V Hz K BW ここで BW は変換する等価ノイズバンド幅です変更 2 4395A の梱包内容ページ 2 3 のオプション 1CN 1CM 1CP を以下に変更して下さい説明 Agilent パーツ番号数量オプション 1CN ハンドルキットハンドルキット 5063 9229 1 オプション 1CM ラックマウントキットラックマウントキット 5063 9216 1 オプション 1CP ラックマウントハンドルキットラックマウントハンドルキット 5063 9223 1 ...

Страница 7: ...gilent Technologies To reduce potential confusion the only change to product numbers and names has been in the company name prefix where a product number name was HP XXXX the current name number is now Agilent XXXX For example model number HP4294A is now model number Agilent 4294A マニュアルチェンジマニュアルチェンジマニュアルチェンジマニュアルチェンジ変更変更変更変更本文中の HP YHP または横河ヒューレットパッカード株式会社という語句を Agilent またはアジレントテ...

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Страница 11: ...instrument If you continue to operate without repairing the instrument there is a potential fire or shock hazard for the operator n Instrument operates abnormally n Instrument emits abnormal noise smell smoke or a spark like light during the operation n Instrument generates high temperature or electrical shock during operation n Power cable plug or receptacle on instrument is damaged n Foreign sub...

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Страница 15: ...hly sensitive microcircuits in your instrument ESD damage is most likely to occur as the test fixtures are being connected or disconnected Protect them from ESD damage by wearing a grounding strap that provides a high resistance path to ground Alternatively ground yourself to discharge any static charge built up by touching the outer shell of any grounded instrument chassis before touching the tes...

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Страница 17: ...NUMBERS This manual applies directly to instruments which have the serial number pre x JP1KE and MY411 For additional important information about serial numbers read Serial Number in Appendix D of this Manual Agilent Part No 04395 90040 Printed in JAPAN May 2003 Sixth Edition ...

Страница 18: ...ight All rights are reserved No part of this document may be photocopied reproduced or translated to another language without the prior written consent of the Agilent Technologies Agilent Technologies Japan Ltd Component Test PGU Kobe 1 3 2 Murotani Nishi ku Kobe shi Hyogo 651 2241 Japan c Copyright 1997 1998 2000 2001 2002 2003 Agilent Technologies Japan Ltd ...

Страница 19: ...not cause the date to change The manual part number changes when extensive technical changes are incorporated September 1997 First Edition part number 04395 90000 September 1998 Second Edition part number 04395 90010 March 2000 Third Edition part number 04395 90010 July 2001 Fourth Edition part number 04395 90020 December 2002 Fifth Edition part number 04395 90030 May 2003 Sixth Edition part numbe...

Страница 20: ...ice facility designated by Agilent Technologies Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to Agilent Technologies and Agilent Technologies shall pay shipping charges to return the product to Buyer However Buyer shall pay all shipping charges duties and taxes for products returned to Agilent Technologies from another country Agilent Technologies warrants that its software and rmware designated by Agilent...

Страница 21: ...l incidental or consequential damages whether based on contract tort or any other legal theory Assistance Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are available for Agilent Technologies products For any assistance contact your nearest Agilent Technologies Sales and Service O ce Addresses are provided at the back of this manual v ...

Страница 22: ...Explosive Atmosphere Do not operate the instrument in the presence of ammable gasses or fumes Operation of any electrical instrument in such an environment constitutes a de nite safety hazard Keep Away From Live Circuits Operating personnel must not remove instrument covers Component replacement and internal adjustments must be made by quali ed maintenance personnel Do not replace components with ...

Страница 23: ...e potentially dangerous procedures throughout this manual Instructions contained in the warnings must be followed Warning Dangerous voltages capable of causing death are present in this instrument Use extreme caution when handling testing and adjusting this instrument vii ...

Страница 24: ...arning sign denotes a hazard It calls attention to a procedure practice condition or the like which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in injury or death to personnel This Caution sign denotes a hazard It calls attention to a procedure practice condition or the like which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in damage to or destruction of part or all of the prod...

Страница 25: ...ies when a name or a variable must be typed in place of the words in italics For example copy lename means to type the word copy to type a space and then to type the name of a le such as file1 Computer Computer font is used for on screen prompts and messages 4HARDKEYS5 Labeled keys on the instrument front panel are enclosed in 4 5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SOFTKEYS Softkeys located to the right o...

Страница 26: ...yzer Instrument BASIC Users Handbook Option ABA only Agilent Part Number 04155 9015x The Instrument BASIC User s Handbook introduces you to the Instrument BASIC programming language provide some helpful hints on getting the most use from it and provide a general programming reference It is divided into three books Instrument BASIC Programming Techniques Instrument BASIC Interface Techniques and In...

Страница 27: ...dle and Rack 2 9 Connecting Cables 2 9 Connecting a Test Set for Network Analyzer Mode 2 10 Connecting an Active Probe 2 12 For Spectrum Analyzer Mode 2 12 For Network Analyzer Mode 2 12 Connecting an Impedance Test Kit and a Test Fixture for Impedance Analyzer Mode 2 16 Connecting an Impedance Test Kit 2 16 Connecting a Test Fixture to the Impedance Test Kit 2 16 Connecting a Keyboard 2 18 Settin...

Страница 28: ...als 3 23 Searching for Harmonics Using the Search Function 3 25 Step 4 Saving and Recalling 4395A Settings 3 26 Preparing the Disk 3 26 Saving 4395A Settings 3 27 Entering the File Name 3 27 Recalling the 4395A Settings 3 29 Impedance Analyzer Tour 3 31 Before You Leave On The Tour 3 31 Overview 3 31 Required Equipments 3 32 Step 1 Preparing for the Measurement 3 33 Connecting the Impedance Test K...

Страница 29: ...t5 Key 4 3 5 PROBE POWER Connector 4 3 6 Analyzer Input Terminals R A and B 4 4 7 RF OUT Connector 4 4 8 DC SOURCE DC Voltage Current Output Connector Option 001 4 4 9 Built in Flexible Disk Drive 4 5 10 LINE Switch 4 5 11 Liquid Crystal Display LCD 4 5 Screen Display 4 5 1 Active Channel 4 6 2 Measured Input s 4 7 3 Format 4 7 4 SCALE DIV 4 7 5 Reference Level 4 7 6 Marker Data Readout 4 7 7 Mark...

Страница 30: ... Connecting DUT for Transmission Characteristic Measurement When the Input and Output Signals are in a Circuit 5 5 For Spectrum Measurement 5 6 Connecting DUT When Directly Measuring the Signal 5 6 Connecting DUT When Measuring the Signal in a Circuit 5 6 For Impedance Measurement Option 010 5 8 Connecting the Impedance Test Kit 5 8 Presetting 4395A 5 9 6 Setting and Optimizing Measurement Conditi...

Страница 31: ...d Trace on the Other Channel 6 22 Adjusting the Scale and Reference 6 23 Automatically Adjusting the Scale and Reference NA ZA Mode 6 23 Manually Adjusting the Scale and Reference NA ZA Mode 6 23 Setting the Reference SA Mode 6 24 Using the Numeric Keys 6 24 Using the Marker 6 24 Changing the Scale per Division SA Mode 6 25 Setting the IF Resolution Video Bandwidth 6 26 Setting the IF Bandwidth NA...

Страница 32: ... Value Using the Marker 8 2 Improving the Readout Resolution SA Mode 8 3 To Select Marker Readout Unit SA Nide 8 3 To Use the Sub markers 8 4 To Use the 1Marker 8 5 To Search for a Point that has the Target Value NA SA Mode 8 5 To Search for the Peak to Peak of Ripples Using the Statistics Function 8 7 Step 1 To Specify the Search Range 8 7 Step 2 To Search For the Ripple 8 7 To Search for a Singl...

Страница 33: ...Extension Cable is Known 8 31 If the Electrical Delay of the Extension Cable is Unknown 8 32 Measuring the Electrical Length of a Cable 8 32 Re ection of a Opened or Shorted Cable 8 32 Typical Spectrum Measurement Techniques 8 34 Measuring the Noise Level 8 35 Converting to a Di erent Unit of Equivalent Noise Bandwidth 8 35 Measuring the Carrier to Noise Ratio 8 37 Time Gated Spectrum Analysis 8 3...

Страница 34: ...6 Adjusting the IF Bandwidth 9 6 Using List Sweep 9 7 Performing GO NO GO Test of a Filter using limit line 9 8 Planning the Limit Lime 9 9 Editing a Limit Line Table 9 9 To Modify or Delete the Segment 9 10 Executing a Limit Line Test 9 10 To Make a Limit Line Test Active 9 10 To Beep When the Limit Test is Failed 9 11 To O set the Limit Line 9 12 Stabilizing the Trace 9 13 To Stop the Sweep 9 13...

Страница 35: ...eviation of Wide Band FM Signal 10 21 Frequency Deviation 10 21 Carrier Level and Modulating Frequency 10 22 Evaluation of a Chip Capacitor ZA Mode 10 24 Measurement Setup 10 24 Connection 10 24 Analyzer Settings 10 24 Calibration 10 25 Connecting the Test Fixture 10 25 Setting the Electrical Length of the Test Fixture 10 26 Fixture Compensation 10 26 Capacitance and Dissipation Factor under Swept...

Страница 36: ...urement Throughput 1 11 6 Spectrum Measurement 11 7 Frequency Characteristics 11 7 Amplitude Characteristics 11 8 Sweep Characteristics 11 12 Input Characteristics 11 12 Speci cations when Option 1D6 Time Gated spectrum analysis is installed 11 13 Speci cations when Option 1D7 50 to 75 Input Impedance Conversion is installed 11 13 4395A Option 010 Impedance Measurement 11 14 Measurement Functions ...

Страница 37: ...ission Uncertainty Equations 11 36 Total Transmission Magnitude Uncertainty Etm 11 36 Total Transmission Phase Uncertainty Etp 11 36 Dynamic Accuracy 11 37 Magnitude Dynamic Accuracy 11 37 Determining Relative Magnitude Dynamic Accuracy Error Contribution 11 37 Phase Dynamic Accuracy 11 38 Determining Relative Phase Dynamic Accuracy Error Contribution 11 38 Dynamic Accuracy Error Contribution 11 3...

Страница 38: ...Printer 12 5 GPIB cable 12 5 External Monitors 12 5 A Basic Measurement Theory System Overview A 2 Data Processing A 3 Overview A 3 Data Processing for Network Measurement A 3 Digital Filter A 4 Ratio Calculations A 4 Frequency Characteristics Correction by Corrective Data Arrays A 5 Averaging A 5 Raw Data Arrays A 5 Calibration Coe cient Arrays A 5 Data Arrays A 5 Memory Arrays A 5 Electrical Del...

Страница 39: ...t A 15 Polar Chart A 15 Electrical Delay A 15 Averaging Sweep Averaging A 16 IF Band Reduction A 16 Group Delay A 16 Spectrum Measurement Basics A 19 Detection Modes A 19 Positive and Negative Peak Modes A 19 Sample Mode A 19 Swept Spectrum Analyzers versus FFT Analyzers A 19 Selectivity of the RBW A 21 Noise measurement A 22 Noise Format and Marker Noise Form A 22 Sample Detection Mode for Noise ...

Страница 40: ...IB Works A 37 Talker A 37 Listener A 37 Controller A 37 GPIB Requirements A 38 GPIB Capabilities of the 4395A A 38 Bus Mode A 39 Setting Addresses A 39 Calibration for Network Measurement A 40 Introduction A 40 Accuracy Enhancement A 40 Sources of Measurement Errors A 40 Directivity A 41 Source Match A 42 Load Match A 43 Isolation Crosstalk A 43 Frequency Response Tracking A 44 Compensation for Me...

Страница 41: ...Internal Data Arrays File for Binary Files A 62 File Header A 62 Data Group A 62 File Structure of Internal Data Arrays File for ASCII File A 66 Status Block and Data Block A 66 File Structure for Single Channel and Dual Channel A 68 Data Array Names for the Spectrum Analyzer A 68 Data Array Names for the Network Analyzer A 69 Data Groups of the Spectrum Analyzer A 69 Data Groups of the Network An...

Страница 42: ...ck C 17 4Marker5 C 17 4Marker 5 C 18 4Search5 C 18 4Utility5 C 19 Instrument State Block C 20 4System5 C 20 4Copy5 C 20 4Save5 C 21 4Local5 C 21 Results of Power Loss to Battery Backup Memory Factory Setting C 21 Prede ned Calibration Kits C 22 Prede ned Standard Class Assignments C 24 D Manual Changes Introduction D 1 Manual Changes D 1 Serial Number D 2 Miscellaneous Changes D 3 Messages Error M...

Страница 43: ...rement 5 1 5 2 Connecting DUT for Directional Transmission and Re ection Characteristics Measurement 5 2 5 3 Connecting DUT for Bi directional Transmission and Re ection Characteristics Four S Parameters Measurement 5 3 5 4 Connecting DUT for Transmission Characteristic Measurement When the Output Signal is in a Circuit 5 3 5 5 Connecting DUT for Transmission and Re ection Characteristics Measurem...

Страница 44: ...uration Transmission 8 32 8 18 Cable Measurement Con guration Re ection 8 33 8 19 Noise Readout 8 35 8 20 C N Measurement 8 37 8 21 Edge Mode 8 38 8 22 Level Mode 8 39 8 23 Time Domain Measurement Con guration 8 41 8 24 Target and Trigger Signal Timing on the Oscilloscope 8 42 8 25 Gate Parameters 8 42 8 26 Time Gated Measurement Con guration 8 43 8 27 Time Gated Spectrum Analysis 8 46 8 28 Marker...

Страница 45: ... 33 10 29 Equivalent Circuit Parameters 10 34 10 30 Simulation of Frequency based Characteristics Using Resulting Equivalent Circuit Parameters 10 34 10 31 Admittance Chart for a Crystal Resonator 10 35 10 32 Characteristics of a Varactor Diode under DC Bias Sweep 10 38 11 1 Magnitude Dynamic Accuracy 11 4 11 2 Phase Dynamic Accuracy 11 5 11 3 Noise Sidebands 11 8 11 4 Typical Displayed Average No...

Страница 46: ...nversions A 14 A 7 Transmission Impedance and Admittance Conversions A 14 A 8 Constant Group Delay A 17 A 9 Higher Order Phase Shift A 17 A 10 Rate of Phase Change Versus Frequency A 18 A 11 Variations in Frequency Aperture A 18 A 12 Swept Spectrum Analyzers versus Step FFT Analyzers A 20 A 13 Resolving Small Adjacent Signal A 21 A 14 I V Measurement Method A 23 A 15 Impedance Test Kit Block Diagr...

Страница 47: ...43 RAW Data Group Structure for the Spectrum Analyzer A 63 A 44 CAL Data Group Structure for the Network Analyzer A 64 A 45 CAL Data Group Structure for the Spectrum Analyzer A 64 A 46 DATA MEMORY DATA TRACE and MEMORY TRACE Data Group Structure A 65 A 47 CAL Data Group Structure A 71 D 1 Serial Number Plate sample D 2 Contents 21 ...

Страница 48: ...Hz 11 49 11 7 Typical System Performance for Devices with 50 Type N Connectors 4395A with 87512A Test Set 100 Hz to 500 MHz 11 50 11 8 Typical System Performance for Devices with 75 Type N Connectors 4395A with 87512B Test Set 100 Hz to 500 MHz 11 51 11 9 Re ection Measurement Uncertainty Worksheet 11 53 11 10 Transmission Measurement Uncertainty Worksheet 11 54 12 1 Supported Printers and Printin...

Страница 49: ...D 1 Manual Changes by Serial Number D 1 D 2 Manual Changes by Firmware Version D 1 Contents 23 ...

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Страница 51: ...ont and Rear Panels Illustrates and describes the 4395A s front and rear panel features Chapter 5 Preparations for Measurement Provides the procedures needed to prepare for a measurement Chapter 6 Setting and Optimizing Measurement Conditions Provides the procedures for setting and optimizing measurement conditions of 4395A Chapter 7 Calibration Provides general procedures for using the 4395A as a...

Страница 52: ...y Appendix C Input Range and Default Settings Lists the valid ranges and initial settings of the various functions of the 4395A Appendix D Manual Changes Provides information on changes to the manual and on the product serial number Document Guide For information on using GPIB commands to program the 4395A refer to Programming Manual which contains a complete command reference with ready to use sa...

Страница 53: ...peration Environment Providing clearance to dissipate heat at installation site Instruction for Cleaning Rack Handle Installation Connecting Cables Connecting a Test Set for Network Analyzer Mode Connecting an Active Probe Connecting an Impedance Test Kit and a Test Fixture Connecting a Keyboard Setting Up a 75 Measurement For Spectrum Analyzer Mode Installation Guide 2 1 ...

Страница 54: ... shipment have been checked for completeness and the 4395A has been checked mechanically and electrically The contents of the shipment should be as listed in Table 2 1 If the contents are incomplete if there is mechanical damage or defect or if the 4395A does not pass the power on selftests notify the nearest Agilent Technologies o ce If the shipping container is damaged or the cushioning material...

Страница 55: ... m Cable 8120 1839 1 Option 0BW only Service Manual 04395 901x01 1 Option 1D5 only BNC Adapter 1250 1859 1 Option 1D7 only 50 75 Minimum Loss Pad 11852B option 004 1 Option 1CN Handle Kit Handle Kit 5062 3991 1 Option 1CM Rack Mount Kit Rack Mount Kit 5062 3979 1 Option 1CP Rack Mount Handle Kit Rack Mount Handle Kit 5062 3985 1 1 The number indicated by x in the part number of each manual is allo...

Страница 56: ...to dismount the fuse holder above the AC line receptacle on the rear panel To check or replace the fuse pull the fuse holder and remove the fuse To reinstall the fuse insert a fuse with the proper rating into the fuse holder Caution Use the proper fuse for the line voltage selected Use only fuses with the required current rating and of the speci ed type as replacements DO NOT use a mended fuse or ...

Страница 57: ... power cable When connected to an appropriate ac power outlet this cable grounds the instrument frame The type of power cable shipped with each instrument depends on the country of destination Refer to Figure 2 1 for the part numbers of the power cables available Warning For protection from electrical shock the power cable ground must not be defeated The power plug must be plugged into an outlet t...

Страница 58: ...Power Requirements Figure 2 1 Power Cable Supplied 2 6 Installation Guide ...

Страница 59: ... ambient temperature to satisfy the speci cations and measurement accuracy of the product refer to Chapter 11 Speci cations and Supplemental Characteristics When the ambient temperature around the product is kept within the temperature range of the operating environment speci cation refer to Operating Conditions in Chapter 11 the product conforms to the requirements of the safety standard Furtherm...

Страница 60: ...nt Kit 5062 3979 1CP Rack Mount Handle Kit 5062 3985 Figure 2 2 Rack Mount Kits Installation Option 1CN Handle Kit Option 1CN is a handle kit containing a pair of handles and the necessary hardware to attach them to the instrument Installing the Handle 1 Remove the adhesive backed trim strips 1 from the left and right front sides of the 4395A 2 Attach the front handles 3 to the sides using the scr...

Страница 61: ...tion 1CP Rack Mount Handle Kit Option 1CP is a rack mount kit containing a pair of anges and the necessary hardware to mount them to an instrument which has handles attached in an equipment rack with 482 6 mm 19 inches spacing Mounting the Handle and Rack 1 Remove the adhesive backed trim strips 1 from the left and right front sides of the 4395A 2 Attach the front handle 3 and the rack mount ange ...

Страница 62: ...eter test set measures both the forward and reverse directions without reconnection For more information about the test sets see Chapter 12 Connecting a Transmission Re ection Test Set Figure 2 3 Connecting a Transmission Re ection Test Set 1 Place the transmission re ection T R test set in front of the 4395A 2 Connect the R and A ports of the 4395A and the T R test set to each other 3 Connect the...

Страница 63: ...face on the rear panel of the 4395A and the NETWORK ANALYZER I O INTERCONNECT interface of the test set using the cable furnished with the test set 3 Connect the RF OUT R A and B inputs of the 4395A to the S parameter test set to each other Note When you use the 87511B press 4Cal5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SET Z0 Then press 475 455 4215 to set the characteristic impedance Z0 to 75 I...

Страница 64: ... the following active probes 41800A Active Probe 5 Hz to 500 MHz 41802A 1 M Input Adapter 5 Hz to 100 MHz For more information about these active probes see Chapter 12 For Spectrum Analyzer Mode Figure 2 5 Spectrum Analyzer Mode One Active Probe 1 Connect the output connector of the active probe to the R A or B port of the 4395A 2 Plug the probe power plug into the PROBE POWER connector For Networ...

Страница 65: ...ther output of the power splitter to the DUT 4 Connect the active probe to the B input and plug the probe plug into the PROBE POWER connector 5 If necessary terminate the DUT with a load Note The following power splitters are available for the 4395A 11850C D Three way Power Splitter 11667A Two way Power Splitter For more information about these power splitters see Chapter 12 Installation Guide 2 1...

Страница 66: ...es Figure 2 7 Network Analyzer Mode Two Active Probes 1 Connect one active probe to the R input 2 Connect the other active probe to the B input 3 Connect the RF OUT port to the DUT 4 If necessary terminate the DUT with a load 2 14 Installation Guide ...

Страница 67: ...g a Transmission Re ection Test Set Figure 2 8 Using a Transmission Re ection Test Set 1 Connect the 87512A B T R test set 2 Connect the active probe to the B input 3 If necessary terminate the DUT with a load Installation Guide 2 15 ...

Страница 68: ... cable to the RF IN port of the 43961A 5 Turn on the 4395A Figure 2 9 Connecting the Impedance Test Kit Connecting a Test Fixture to the Impedance Test Kit To connect the test xture to the impedance test kit see the applicable test xture manual for instructions The following is a general procedure 1 Turn the APC 7 connector of the impedance test kit OUTPUT port 2 Verify that the connector sleeve i...

Страница 69: ...Connecting an Active Probe Figure 2 10 Connecting Test Fixture Installation Guide 2 17 ...

Страница 70: ...95A The mini DIN keyboard provides an easier way to enter characters for the le names display titles and Instrument BASIC programs It can also access the 4395A softkey functions by using keyboard function keys For more information on the mini DIN keyboard see Programming Manual Figure 2 11 Connecting a Keyboard 2 18 Installation Guide ...

Страница 71: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN INPUT Z 4 Press 4 5 to set the impedance of the source 75 Then press 4Entry O 5 5 Select the input port Attached to Press Input R NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LVL CAL DATA R Input A NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LVL CAL DATA A Input B NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LVL CAL DATA B 6 Enter the insertion loss of the minimum loss pad in dB...

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Страница 73: ...view The following is a short summary of the tour 1 Preparing for a measurement Turning ON the 4395A Connecting the DUT 2 Setting up the 4395A Selecting the analyzer type Setting the active channel Setting the input port Setting the frequency range Performing the automatic scaling 3 Making a calibration 4 Reading a measurement result Reading a measured value by using marker 5 Printing out the meas...

Страница 74: ...se either of the following Transmission Re ection T R Test Set Two N to BNC adapters S Parameter Test Set Two APC7 to N adapters Two N to BNC adapters HP DeskJet Printer Parallel Interface Cable If you wish to test some other device you will need to change particular measuring conditions such as the frequency range according to the general characteristics of the DUT If you do not have an HP DeskJe...

Страница 75: ...Network Analyzer Mode in Chapter 2 Turning ON the 4395A Press the LINE switch The 4395A performs a power on self test About 20 seconds later the model name revision number and other information should appear on the LCD to indicate that the 4395A has normally started up Connecting the DUT Connect the DUT as shown in Figure 3 2 or Figure 3 3 Figure 3 2 Transmission Re ection Test Set Setup Quick Sta...

Страница 76: ...Step 1 Preparing for the Measurement Figure 3 3 S Parameter Test Set Setup 3 4 Quick Start Guide ...

Страница 77: ...er mode Active channel Channel 1 Inputs B R or S21 depending on the test set Format Log magnitude default Frequency Range Center 70 MHz Span 500 kHz Setting the Analyzer Type To use the 4395A in the network analyzer mode you must set the analyzer type to the network analyzer mode after selecting the active channel In the MEASUREMENT block press 4Meas5 Press FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF ANALY...

Страница 78: ...ive Selecting the Input The 4395A uses three inputs for network measurements R A and B Usually the R input is connected to the RF OUT signal directly the A input measures the re ected signal from the DUT and the B input measures the signal through the DUT This example assumes you are using the T R test set Therefore because you are going to measure the transmission characteristics of the DUT selec...

Страница 79: ...FFFFFFFFFFFF Trans FWD S21 B R to select B R for the forward direction Setting the Frequency Range To display the transmission characteristics of the 70 MHz bandpass lter you should specify the frequency range for the measurement In this example set the 4395A to a 70 MHz center frequency with a 500 kHz span Quick Start Guide 3 7 ...

Страница 80: ...s 4Span5 Press 455 405 405 Press 4k m5 Performing the Automatic Scaling Often the trace obtained after specifying the frequency range is too large or too small vertically for the grid However by using the automatic scaling function you can obtain the optimum vertical setting automatically 3 8 Quick Start Guide ...

Страница 81: ...E The transmission characteristics trace of the lter is displayed as shown below All the settings are displayed on the LCD 1 Active channel is set to channel 1 2 Inputs are set to B R 3 Format is set to log magnitude mode 4 Center frequency is set to 70 MHz 5 Frequency span is set to 500 kHz Quick Start Guide 3 9 ...

Страница 82: ...ancel a frequency response error A THRU BNC female to female connector is necessary to perform a response calibration for the transmission measurement Performing a Response Calibration for the Transmission Measurement Press 4Cal5 Press FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF CALIBRATE MENU Press FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF RESPONSE Disconnect the DUT then connect the THRU Press FFFFFFFFFFFF THRU WAIT MEASU...

Страница 83: ... and reconnect the DUT Cor is displayed on the left side of the display to show that the frequency response error is corrected The measured value is now corrected for the frequency response error Note If the trace is changed it requires an adjustment of the scale Perform the automatic scaling again by pressing 4Scale Ref5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN AUTO SCALE Quick Start Guide 3 11 ...

Страница 84: ...g a Measured Value by Using Marker In the MARKER block press 4Marker5 Verify a marker appears on the trace Turn the knob to the right to move the marker toward the right Read the values at the right top of the display The marker has a search function that makes it easier and faster to evaluate the trace results For example to search for the maximum value and its frequency on the trace In the MARKE...

Страница 85: ... Reading a Measurement Result The marker immediately moves to the maximum point on the displayed trace Read the frequency and response values displayed at the upper right of the display Quick Start Guide 3 13 ...

Страница 86: ...lues without using any external controller Con guring and Connecting a Printer Locate the parallel interface connector on the back of the 4395A Caution Do not connect a printer to TEST SET I O INTERCONNECT Doing so could damage the printer Note For more information about printer see the chapter 12 Making a Hardcopy of the LCD Display Press 4Copy5 Press FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF PRI...

Страница 87: ...ur 1 Preparing for a measurement Turning ON the 4395A Connecting the test signal source 2 Setting up the 4395A Selecting the analyzer type Setting the active channel Selecting the input Setting the frequency range 3 Making a Measurement Reading the peak level using the marker Setting the resolution bandwidth to see low level signals Searching for harmonics using the search function 4 Saving and re...

Страница 88: ...edance Analyzer Test signal source 020dBm 20MHz sine wave N to BNC Adapter 50 BNC cable 3 5 inch 2HD Blank Disk If you wish to test some other test signal you will need to change particular measuring conditions such as the frequency range according to the general characteristics of the signal Figure 3 4 Required Equipments 3 16 Quick Start Guide ...

Страница 89: ... necessary see chapter 2 Installation Guide Press the LINE switch The 4395A performs a power on self test About 20 seconds later the model name revision number and other information should appear on the LCD to indicate that the 4395A has normally started up Connecting the DUT Connect the test signal source 020 dBm 20 MHz to Input R of the 4395A Quick Start Guide 3 17 ...

Страница 90: ...e you must set the analyzer type to the spectrum analyzer mode after selecting an active channel In the MEASUREMENT block press 4Meas5 Press FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF ANALYZER TYPE Press FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF SPECTRUM ANALYZER Note Changing the analyzer type presets the 4395A for the active channel If you want to keep the current measurement settings when changing th...

Страница 91: ...red separately for each channel You must select an active channel 1 or 2 before you can change the measurement setup for that channel Selecting the Input The 4395A has three inputs R A and B Any of the inputs R A or B can be used for a spectrum measurement In the spectrum analyzer mode the R input is selected by default In the following steps you verify the R input is selected In the MEASUREMENT b...

Страница 92: ...onnected as test signal source To see this signal on display you must set the appropriate frequency range in this case 0 to 80 MHz In the SWEEP block press 4Start5 Press 405 Press 4215 Press 4Stop5 Press 485 405 Press 4M 5 Verify the 20 MHz signal is displayed as shown below 3 20 Quick Start Guide ...

Страница 93: ...Step 2 Setting Up the 4395A Quick Start Guide 3 21 ...

Страница 94: ...sing the Marker Let s try to read peak signal level by using the marker Press 4Search5 Marker appears on trace Press FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF SEARCH PEAK Marker moves to the top of the CAL OUT signal Read the marker value shown at the upper right of grid 3 22 Quick Start Guide ...

Страница 95: ... Before you set the RBW set the maximum peak level as the reference level This increases the visibility of the lower level signal This technique is useful when you are measuring two signals and one is very close to the noise level Press 4Marker 5 Press FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF MKR REFERENCE The trace moves upward to place the tip of the maximum peak at the top line of the grid Quick St...

Страница 96: ...surement Press 4Bw Avg5 Press 4 5 to narrow RBW setting to 3 kHz Now with the noise oor level lowered by narrowing the resolution bandwidth the second and third harmonics can be seen as shown below 3 24 Quick Start Guide ...

Страница 97: ...ncy and level by using the peak search function Press 4Search5 Press FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF SEARCH PEAK Press FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF NEXT PEAK The marker moves to the third or second harmonic To move the marker to the second or third harmonic press FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF NEXT PEAK again Quick Start Guide 3 25 ...

Страница 98: ...he Disk To use a disk you must rst initialize it by performing the following steps Verify the disk is not write protected Insert the disk into the disk drive Press 4Save5 Press FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF FILE UTILITIES Toggle FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF STOR DEV MEMORY to FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF DISK and press FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF INITIALIZE DISK Toggle FFFFFF...

Страница 99: ...ting System format disk Note The 4395A can initialize a 1 44 MB 3 5 inch exible disk only Saving 4395A Settings In the following example use SATOUR as the le name of the 4395A settings you want to save Press 4Save5 Press FFFFFFFFFFFFFF STATE The 4395A requests the le name you want to use for the saved settings Entering the File Name Note If a keyboard is connected you can use it for le name entry ...

Страница 100: ...ccess indicator lights this shows that the 4395A is saving the settings to the disk Note The le name for a LIF format can be up to 10 characters long However with the 4395A the last 2 characters are reserved for a su x Therefore you can enter a le name of up to 8 characters Either upper or lower case is recognized in the LIF format A le name for a MS DOS DOS format consists of a le name and an ext...

Страница 101: ... You can recall the le containing the saved 4395A settings anytime you want This is true even if you change the current 4395A settings In this example you will preset the 4395A and then recall the settings in the SATOUR le Presetting Press 4Preset5 The 4395A is set to the preset conditions However the 4395A settings from the previous examples are stored in the SATOUR le on the disk Quick Start Gui...

Страница 102: ... SATOUR_S to recall the 4395A settings that you saved Note Su x _S means the 4395A settings are saved If you save the 4395A settings in a DOS format an extension sta is appended to the le name After the disk access lamp goes out all 4395A settings that you set are recalled You can verify them on the display If you want to know what settings are saved see chapter 8 3 30 Quick Start Guide ...

Страница 103: ...p capacitor Overview The following is a short summary of the tour 1 Preparing for a measurement Connecting the impedance test kit Turning ON the 4395A 2 Setting up the 4395A Selecting the analyzer type Activating Channel 1 Setting the sweep parameters Setting the output level Setting the IF bandwidth 3 Calibrating the 4395A OPEN calibration SHORT calibration LOAD calibration 4 Connecting and setti...

Страница 104: ...lowing equipments Figure 3 5 Required Equipments 1 4395A Network Spectrum Impedance Analyzer with Option 010 equipped 2 43961A Impedance Test Kit 3 Calibration kit included in the 43961A 4 Test xture of your choice 5 Short device for the test xture 6 DUT chip capacitor If you wish to test some other device instead of a chip capacitor you will need to change particular measuring conditions such as ...

Страница 105: ...e power to the 4395A is OFF 2 Connect the N N cable to the 4395A s RF OUT port 3 Make sure that the 43961A s APC7 connector sleeve is completely exposed 4 Connect the two connectors of the 43961A to the R and A ports of the 4395A by tightening the two connectors little by little alternately while holding the test kit 5 Connect the other end of the N N cable to the RF IN port of the 43961A Turning ...

Страница 106: ...alyzer Type Available analyzer modes are listed in the menu under the NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ANALYZER TYPE softkey You can use the 4395A as an impedance analyzer by selecting the corresponding analyzer mode from that menu Follow these steps Press the 4Meas5 key in the MEASRUREMENT block Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ANALYZER TYPE Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 107: ...ng scenario 1 Activate Channel 1 and set the parameters that apply to Channel 1 2 Switch to Channel 2 and set the parameters that apply to Channel 2 see Step 6 Switching from Channel 1 to Channel 2 3 Display both channels in parallel see Step 8 Dual Channel Display First activate Channel 1 through these steps Press the 4Chan 15 key in the ACTIVE CHANNEL block Make sure that the indicator lamp besi...

Страница 108: ... NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SWEEP TYPE MENU to access the sweep type menu Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LOG FREQ to have the 4395A accept log frequency settings Press the 4Start5 key To specify the frequency at which to start the sweep enter 415 405 405 using the numeric keys Press the 4k m5 key to indicate that the unit is kHz 3 36 Quick Start Guide ...

Страница 109: ...ecify the frequency at which to stop the sweep enter 455 405 405 using the numeric keys Press the 4M 5 key to indicate that the unit is MHz Setting the Output Level This tour assumes an output level of 0 5 dBm Follow these steps Quick Start Guide 3 37 ...

Страница 110: ... Press the 4Source5 key Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN POWER Enter 405 4 5 455 using the numeric keys Press the 4x15 key Setting the IF Bandwidth This tour assumes an IF bandwidth of 300 Hz Follow these steps 3 38 Quick Start Guide ...

Страница 111: ...NNNNNNNN IF BW Enter 435 405 405 using the numeric key Press the 4215 key Note A smaller IF bandwidth reduces trace noise but increases measuring time Setting the Averaging Factor This tour assumes the averaging factor of 8 Follow these steps Quick Start Guide 3 39 ...

Страница 112: ... using the numeric key Press the 4215 key Toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN AVERAGING on OFF to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off Note When you perform impedance measurement with the 43961A you must set IF bandwidth equal to or less than 300 Hz and averaging factor equal to or greater than 8 3 40 Quick Start Guide ...

Страница 113: ...e calibrated for each of the following three circuit states OPEN 0 S termination SHORT 0 termination LOAD 50 termination To calibrate the 4395A access the calibration menu through these steps Press the 4Cal5 key Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN CALIBRATE MENU With the calibration menu displayed on the LCD screen calibrate the 4395A for the OPEN SHORT and LOAD states in order Not...

Страница 114: ...o the 43961A s OUTPUT port Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNN OPEN Wait until the NNNNNNNNNNNNNN OPEN softkey s label is underlined to indicate that the OPEN calibration is complete Remove the 0 S termination SHORT Calibration Follow these steps 3 42 Quick Start Guide ...

Страница 115: ...e 43961A s OUTPUT port Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SHORT Wait until the NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SHORT softkey s label is underlined to indicate that the SHORT calibration is complete Remove the 0 termination LOAD Calibration Follow these steps Quick Start Guide 3 43 ...

Страница 116: ...NNNN LOAD Wait until the NNNNNNNNNNNNNN LOAD softkey s label is underlined to indicate that the LOAD calibration is complete Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DONE CAL Make sure that a Cor marker is displayed at the left hand edge of the screen Remove the 50 termination 3 44 Quick Start Guide ...

Страница 117: ...ted at one corner of the test xture 4 Turn the xing ring counterclockwise until it is fully tightened 5 Connect the impedance test kit s OUTPUT port to the connector located on the back side of the test xture Figure 3 7 Connecting the test xture Setting the Electrical Length Connecting a test xture adds an extra electrical length to the test circuit This electrical length which is speci c to the t...

Страница 118: ... FIXTURE Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SELECT FIXTURE Select NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN 16192 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN RETURN twice Make sure that the FIXTURE label on the screen is followed by your selected model number 16192 in this case 3 46 Quick Start Guide ...

Страница 119: ... errors produced between the test xture electrode and the impedance test kit s OUTPUT port Normally the 4395A must be xture compensated for the OPEN and SHORT circuit states It can optionally be xture compensated for the LOAD state Note For how to connect standards refer to the documentation that comes with the test xture you use Quick Start Guide 3 47 ...

Страница 120: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN FIXTURE COMPEN Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN COMPEN MENU Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SHORT Wait until the NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SHORT softkey s label is underlined to indicate that the SHORT compensation is complete Remove the short device to put the circuit into the OPEN state 3 48 Quick Start Guide ...

Страница 121: ... of the Cor marker Step 5 Carrying Out Impedance Measurement Selecting the Measurement Parameters for Channel 1 To begin impedance measurement the 4395A must know which characteristics it should measure and how it should report the measured values This tour assumes that the following measurement parameters are speci ed for Channel 1 Characteristic value Absolute value of impedance jZj Format Log T...

Страница 122: ... erent settings to Channel 2 Connecting the DUT How to connect a DUT di ers depending on which test xture you use For more information refer to the documentation that comes with your test xture As soon as you have connected the DUT the 4395A will measure and display the impedance characteristics Performing the Automatic Scaling Often the trace obtained after specifying the frequency range is too l...

Страница 123: ...Impedance Analyzer Tour Press the 4Scale Ref5 key Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN AUTO SCALE Quick Start Guide 3 51 ...

Страница 124: ...to Channel 2 All the settings you have made so far are assigned to Channel 1 Now activate Channel 2 instead of Channel 1 Press the 4Chan 25 key in the ACTIVE CHANNEL block Make sure that the indicator lamp beside the 4Chan 25 key is ON 3 52 Quick Start Guide ...

Страница 125: ...or of 8 Follow these steps Press the 4Bw Avg5 key Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN AVERAGING FACTOR Enter 485 using the numeric key Press the 4215 key Toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN AVERAGING on OFF to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off Quick Start Guide 3 53 ...

Страница 126: ...lowing measurement parameters be speci ed for Channel 2 Characteristic value Phase z Format Linear To set the parameters listed above follow these steps Press the 4Meas5 key Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN PHASE z Press the 4Format5 key Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LIN Y AXIS 3 54 Quick Start Guide ...

Страница 127: ...w both Channels 1 and 2 are assigned speci c settings You can not only have one of the two channels displayed at a time but also have both channels displayed in parallel as you will learn in the next step Quick Start Guide 3 55 ...

Страница 128: ...annel display Follow these steps Press the 4Display5 key Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DUAL CHAN on OFF so that the label changes to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DUAL CHAN ON off The screen is split into upper and lower halves The upper half shows the absolute impedance value while the lower half shows the phase 3 56 Quick Start Guide ...

Страница 129: ...hoose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SPLIT DISP ON off so that the label changes to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SPLIT DISP on OFF Two graphs are merged into a single coordinate plane Quick Start Guide 3 57 ...

Страница 130: ......

Страница 131: ...criptions of the front panel features the LCD display and its labels and the rear panel features and connectors Front Panel The front panel provides a number of hardkeys physical keys and softkeys menu items displayed on the LCD which allow you to activate various analyzer functions Figure 4 1 Figure 4 1 Front Panel Layout Front and Rear Panels 4 1 ...

Страница 132: ...R Block The MARKER block contains hardkeys associated with the marker function that facilitates reading values on the measurement trace INSTRUMENT STATE Block The INSTRUMENT block contains hardkeys that a ect the instrument state of 4395A ENTRY keys The ENTRY block contains the following numeric keys a rotary knob step keys for incrementing or decrementing your entered values edit keys unit termin...

Страница 133: ...FFF AVERAGING ON off The word on is capitalized showing that averaging is currently on FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF AVERAGING on OFF The word o is capitalized showing that averaging is currently o Softkeys that Show Status Indications in Brackets Some softkey labels show the current status of a function in brackets These include simple toggle functions and status only indicators An ex...

Страница 134: ...ATION CATEGORY I of IEC 1010 1 Note Do not exceed the operating input power voltage and current level and signal type appropriate for the instrument being used refer to your instrument s operation manual Note Electrostatic discharge ESD can damage the highly sensitive microcircuits in your instrument ESD damage is most likely to occur as the test xtures are being connected or disconnected Protect ...

Страница 135: ...en Display The LCD displays a grid on which the measurement data is plotted the currently selected measurement traces and other information describing the measurement Figure 4 2 shows the locations of the di erent information labels In addition to the full screen display shown in Figure 4 2 a split display is available see Dual Channel Display in Chapter 6 In this case information labels are provi...

Страница 136: ...el Displays either CH1 or CH2 to indicate the number of the currently active channel one that was selected keys in the ACTIVE CHANNEL block When the dual channel function is enabled and traces for the two channels are overlaid both CH1 and CH2 appear in this area 4 6 Front and Rear Panels ...

Страница 137: ...the values of the marker in the unit appropriate to the current measurement see Chapter 8 The status of the marker is also displayed under the marker values The following status notations are used Cpl Marker couple is tuned on When single channel is displayed this notation is not displayed even if the marker couple is on Xch Cross channel is turned on Sgnl Signal tracking is turned on When both si...

Страница 138: ...el of RF output if the 4395A is in network analyzer mode or impedance analyzer mode and frequency sweep is selected When power sweep is selected or the 4395A is in another mode this area is blank 13 CW Frequency Displays the measured frequency if the 4395A is in network analyzer mode or impedance analyzer mode and power sweep is being performed When frequency sweep is selected or the 4395A is in a...

Страница 139: ...ce analyzer mode C2 Sweep parameters have changed2 and extrapolated two port correction is ON network analyzer mode only Cm Sweep parameters have changed2 and extrapolated xture compensation is ON impedance analyzer mode only Cm Fixture compensation is ON when error correction is C or C impedance analyzer mode only Del Electrical delay port extension or phase o set has been added or subtracted net...

Страница 140: ...the phase is not locked to the external reference signal 20 Active Entry Area Displays the name of the currently active input parameter with its current value 21 Message Area Displays prompts or error messages See Error Messages for more information on error messages 22 Title Displays a user de ned title which can consist of alphanumeric characters 4 10 Front and Rear Panels ...

Страница 141: ...increased accuracy in frequency When the 4395A is equipped with the external oven Option 1D5 this connector must be connected to REF OVEN connector 14 The external frequency reference function is automatically enabled when a signal is connected to this input When the signal is removed the analyzer automatically switches back to its internal frequency reference 2 Internal Reference Output Connector...

Страница 142: ...r is also used when the analyzer itself serves as the controller of compatible peripherals For more information see Programming Guide 7 External Monitor Terminal This terminal outputs measurement results to an external color monitor Color monitors supporting VGA scan rate of 31 5 kHz can be connected to this terminal 8 Parallel Interface This interface can be used to redirect the displayed results...

Страница 143: ...ate Output Option 1D6 Only Outputs a signal that indicates the status of the gate when the 4395A is performing gate trigger in EDGE mode The signal is TTL compatible high indicates gate on low indicates gate off 13 External Trigger Input Triggers a measurement sweep The positive or negative edge of a signal in the low or high state starts a measurement The signal is TTL compatible To use this conn...

Страница 144: ......

Страница 145: ...etwork Measurement Connections of DUT in the network measurement varies depending upon your measurement parameters as described in this section Connecting DUT for Directional Transmission Characteristic Measurement When you measure the transmission characteristic supplying a signal to your DUT from one direction connect the DUT to the analyzer with the power splitter and the cables as shown in Fig...

Страница 146: ...g when measuring the characteristics for reverse direction Figure 5 2 Connecting DUT for Directional Transmission and Re ection Characteristics Measurement Connecting DUT for Bi directional Transmission and Re ection Characteristics Four S Parameters Measurement Bi directional transmission and re ection characteristics or all four S parameters can be measured e ectively with the S parameter set Th...

Страница 147: ... is in a Circuit If the output signal of DUT is in a circuit use the active probe to capture a signal from the test channel as shown in Figure 5 4 Figure 5 4 Connecting DUT for Transmission Characteristic Measurement When the Output Signal is in a Circuit Use the transmission re ection test set with the active probe when measuring the re ection characteristic at the input lead simultaneously See F...

Страница 148: ...Selecting an appropriate connection of DUT Figure 5 5 Connecting DUT for Transmission and Re ection Characteristics Measurement When the Output Signal is in a Circuit 5 4 Preparations for Measurements ...

Страница 149: ...are in a Circuit If both of the input and output signals of DUT are in a circuit attach the active probes to both of the reference channel and the test channel as shown in Figure 5 6 Figure 5 6 Connecting DUT for Transmission Characteristic Measurement When the Input and Output Signals are in a Circuit Preparations for Measurements 5 5 ...

Страница 150: ...onnecting DUT When Directly Measuring the Signal When you measure a signal which is directly supplied from the DUT to 4395A connect the DUT as shown in Figure 5 7 Figure 5 7 Connecting DUT When Directly Measuring the Signal Connecting DUT When Measuring the Signal in a Circuit Use the active probe to capture the measurement signal which is in a circuit as shown in Figure 5 8 5 6 Preparations for M...

Страница 151: ...Selecting an appropriate connection of DUT Figure 5 8 Connecting DUT When Measuring the Signal in a Circuit Preparations for Measurements 5 7 ...

Страница 152: ...onnect two connectors of the 43961A to the R and A ports of the 43961A 4 Connect the other connector of the N cable to the RF IN port of the 43961A 5 Turn on the 4395A Figure 5 9 Connecting the Impedance Test Kit Note The connection between DUT and the analyzer is accomplished when a test xture is mounted on the impedance test kit Note that all the measurement settings and calibrations should be c...

Страница 153: ... 4395A Before starting measurement press the green 4Preset5 key in the INSTRUMENT STATE block to set the 4395A to the preset state For additional information about the preset state see Appendix C Preparations for Measurements 5 9 ...

Страница 154: ......

Страница 155: ...lect the analyzer mode Select the active channel Set up the trigger system Set the sweep conditions Select the input port measurement parameter Select the measurement format Select the display unit Set the frequency range Set the vertical scale Set the IF resolution video bandwidth IFBW RBW VBW Setting and Optimizing Measurement Conditions 6 1 ...

Страница 156: ...electing the Active Channel In the ACTIVE CHANNEL block press 4Chan 15 channel 1 or 4Chan 25 channel 2 to select the active channel The 4395A has two independent channels You can assign a di erent set of measurement conditions to each channel and switch between the two channels with just a single keystroke provided that you use both channels for the same analyzer mode By switching between the chan...

Страница 157: ... Mode Toggle Split the screen into the two channels NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SPLIT CHAN on OFF NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off Merge the channels into one screen NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SPLIT CHAN ON off NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN on OFF Split the screen into the two channels Merge the channels into one screen Figure 6 1 Dual Channel Display Setting...

Страница 158: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN EXTERNAL Manual trigger NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MANUAL Gate trigger2 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN GATE 1 See Using the External Trigger that follows 2 Option 1D6 and SA spectrum analyzer mode only Chapter 8 describes how to use this trigger mode Using the External Trigger 1 Connect the trigger source to the EXT TRIGGER connector on the rear panel of the 4395A 2 Press 4Trigger5 3 Pre...

Страница 159: ...nt on Each Measurement Point NA ZA Mode 1 Press 4Trigger5 2 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN TRIGGER 3 Select one of the following options Trigger Source Softkey Manual Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MANUAL External Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN EXTERNAL 4 Toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN TRIG EVENT ON SWEEP to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON ...

Страница 160: ... more information on the list sweep function refer to Chapter 9 of this manual Selecting the Sweep Mode Select one of the following options Sweep Mode Keystrokes Continuous Press 4Trigger5 then choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN CONTINUOUS Single Press 4Trigger5 then choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SINGLE Speci ed times Press 4Trigger5 choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN NUM...

Страница 161: ...wer sweep range start to stop is 20 dB within range of 050 dBm to 15 dBm Selecting the Input Port Measurement Parameter This step provides following procedures To select the input port in NA mode To select the input port in SA mode To select the measurement parameter in ZA mode To Select the Input Port in NA Mode With the T R Test Set Press 4Meas5 To measure Type Press Re ection Ratio NNNNNNNNNNN ...

Страница 162: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN Trans REV S12 B R Re ection Reverse NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN S PARAMETERS NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN Refl REV S22 A R To Select the Input Port in SA Mode The 4395A has three input ports R A and B You can use any of these input ports for spectrum measurements In the preset state the 4395A uses the R input port for spect...

Страница 163: ...NNNNNNN MORE 1 5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE 2 5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE 3 5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN CAPCITNCE PRL Cp Series capacitance NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE 1 5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE 2 5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE 3 5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SER Cs Parallel inductance NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE 1 5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 164: ...NNNNNN REAL Imaginary Part Only NNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN IMAGINARY Admittance Chart NNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ADMITTANCE CHART Phase Unit NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN PHASE UNIT degree or radian NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DEG or NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN RAD Expanded Phase NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN EXP PH...

Страница 165: ...llowing options by pressing the corresponding softkey Format Softkey Real and Imaginary NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN REAL IMAG Linear Magnitude and Phase NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LIN MAG PHASE Log Magnitude and Phase NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LOG MAG PHASE Impedance NNNNNNNNNNNNNN R jX Admittance NNNNNNNNNNNNNN G jB SWR and Phase NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SWR ...

Страница 166: ...rmat which displays phases beyond 6180 degrees as shown in Figure 10 6 To select the expanded phase format follow these steps 1 Press 4Format5 2 Toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN EXP PHASE on OFF to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off Figure 6 4 Expanded Phase Format Using the Complex Plane Format ZA Mode Displaying R X in the Complex Plane 1 Press 4Meas5 and choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 167: ...Scale Setting Keystrokes Scale Div Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SCALE DIV Then enter the scale per division value Reference X Value Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN REFERENCE X VALUE Then enter the reference X value Reference Y Value Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN REFERENCE Y VALUE Then enter the reference Y value The reference posi...

Страница 168: ...t is in the held state In spectrum analyzer mode marker readout unit can be selected apart from the display unit See To Select Marker Readout Unit SA Nide in Chapter 8 for details If you want to perform a noise measurement instead of a spectrum measurement see Measuring the Noise Level in Chapter 8 Selecting the Phase Unit NA ZA Mode You can display the phase in either degrees or radians To switch...

Страница 169: ... activate the center frequency function 2 Change the center frequency to place the target signal in the center of the grid by using the following keys To Use Set directly 405 495 and units terminator keys Change continuously Change with 1 2 5 steps1 4 5 4 5 1 You can change the step size of 4 5 4 5 See Change the Center Frequency by the Speci ed Step Size in this section Setting the Marker Positio...

Страница 170: ...Setting the Frequency Range Move the marker Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR CENTER Figure 6 6 Marker to Center 6 16 Setting and Optimizing Measurement Conditions ...

Страница 171: ...he following Choose 4Center5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN CENTER STEP SIZE Then directly enter your desired step size using 405 495 and the units terminator keys Press 4Marker5 and move the marker to the point you want to use as the step size frequency Then choose 4Center5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR CNTR STEP 2 Toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 172: ...to move the marker on the fundamental 5 Press 4Center5 and choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR CNTR STEP Enter 100 MHz so the step size matches the fundamental frequency 6 Toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN STEP SIZE AUTO man to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN auto MAN to enable the speci ed step size 7 Press 4Center5 Then press 4 5 to display the second ...

Страница 173: ...n 1 Press 4Span5 2 Enter the frequency span to display the target peak in the optimum grid setting To Use Set directly 405 495 and units terminator keys Change continuously Change with 1 2 5 steps 4 5 4 5 Setting and Optimizing Measurement Conditions 6 19 ...

Страница 174: ...en depending on the error range The signal track function allows you to avoid this situation When signal track is enabled the analyzer narrows the span setting while centering the test signal as you narrow the span setting Therefore the test signal is placed at the center of the grid The following gure shows an example of narrowing the span with the signal track function The actual signal frequenc...

Страница 175: ...h to start the sweep process 2 Set the start frequency using the following keys To Use Set directly 405 495 and units terminator keys Change continuously Change with 1 2 5 steps 4 5 4 5 3 Press 4Stop5 to put the 4395A into a mode where it accepts your entered value as the frequency at which to stop the sweep process 4 Set the stop frequency using the keys listed in the previous table Figure 6 10 S...

Страница 176: ...n If you want to obtain a 20 fold zoom for example enter 5 for as the zooming factor Displaying a Zoomed Trace on the Other Channel 1 Press 4Display5 and toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DUAL CHAN on OFF to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off to display two channels on the LCD 2 Move the marker to the point where you want to observe the signal details 3 Press 4Marker 5 4 Choose NN...

Страница 177: ...grid The scale and reference settings are automatically adjusted to provide an optimum trace display Before Auto Scale After Auto Scale Figure 6 12 Autoscale Function Manually Adjusting the Scale and Reference NA ZA Mode If you want to manually adjust the scale and reference settings the following functions are available To change the scale per division setting press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ...

Страница 178: ...both traces set NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN D M SCALE COUPLE Setting the Reference SA Mode Using the Numeric Keys 1 Press 4Scale Ref5 2 Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN REFERENCE VALUE To Use Move trace upward or 4 5 Move trace downward or 4 5 Set reference value directly 405 495 and unit keys Using the Marker 1 Press 4Search5 and choose NNNNNNNNN...

Страница 179: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SCALE DIV 4 Change the scale division setting to display additional details using the following keys To Use Change continuously Change by 1 2 5 steps 4 5 4 5 Set Scale Div directly 405 495 and unit keys This function can be used to display a small peak on a full grid Scale 10 dB Div Scale 3 dB Div Figure 6 14 Changing Scale Div Setting and Optimizing Measurement Conditio...

Страница 180: ...edance measurements with the 43961A you must set the IF bandwidth equal to or less than 300 Hz and set the averaging factor equal to or greater than 8 Setting the IF Bandwidth to Auto Mode If the sweep type is log frequency the IF bandwidth can be set to auto mode 1 Press 4Bw Avg5 2 Toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN IF BW auto MAN to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN AUTO man In auto mo...

Страница 181: ... reduce the noise power per display point thereby lowering the displayed noise oor and making it possible to display lower level signals For example the trace of a 400 Hz amplitude modulated signal conceals sidebands in the skirt of the carrier trace when the RBW is 300 Hz In this case you can split the carrier and sidebands completely and lower the displayed noise oor by setting the RBW to 10 Hz ...

Страница 182: ...ecause of noise variation narrow the video bandwidth This reduces the noise variations and makes the signal clearly visible Note however that reducing the video bandwidth slows down the sweep process You can set the VBW to a value that is 1 1 1 3 1 10 1 30 1 100 or 1 300 of the RBW setting currently in e ect Resetting the Video Bandwidth 1 Press 4Bw Avg5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN VIDEO BW 2 Enter...

Страница 183: ...y The analyzer has six di erent methods of calibration You can select the method that ts your measurement requirement by reading To Select an Appropriate Calibration Method procedure This section also contains a procedure to customize a calibration kit Selecting an appropriate calibration method Performing a response calibration Performing a response isolation calibration Performing an S11 1 port ...

Страница 184: ...ection of highest accuracy for two port devices Reverse test device between forward and reverse measurements One path 2 port complex Performing a 1 Path 2 Port Calibration Performing a Response Calibration 1 Press 4Cal5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN CALIBRATE MENU NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN RESPONSE to display the response calibration menu 2 Connect one of following standards Then p...

Страница 185: ...Calibration Required for the Network Analyzer Mode 6 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ISOL N 7 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DONE RESP ISOL N CAL Calibration 7 3 ...

Страница 186: ... the following a Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN OPEN M for a male port connector or press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN OPEN F for a female port connector The OPEN data is measured and the softkey label is then underlined b Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DONE OPENS Step 3 Measuring the SHORT 1 Disconnect the OPEN Then connect a SHORT standard to port 1 2 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SHORT for...

Страница 187: ...isplayed and Cor appears at the left side of the screen If you press NNNNNNNNNNNNNN DONE without measuring all the required standards the message CAUTION ADDITIONAL STANDARDS NEEDED is displayed Performing an S22 1 Port Calibration This calibration is similar to the S11 1 port calibration except that S22 is selected automatically It is used only with an S parameter test set For S parameter measure...

Страница 188: ...l is then underlined b Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DONE OPENS 4 Disconnect the OPEN and connect the SHORT to port 1 5 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN S11 SHORT for the 7 mm or 3 5 mm calibration kit or NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN S11 SHORTS for the type N calibration kit When the 7 mm or 3 5 mm calibration kit is selected the SHORT data is measured and the ...

Страница 189: ...required press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ISOLATION NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN OMIT ISOLATION NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ISOLATION DONE Then skip to step 5 2 If correction for isolation is required connect impedance matched LOADs to port 1 and port 2 3 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN FWD ISOL N ISOL N STD Then wait the ...

Страница 190: ...emale port connector The OPEN data is measured and the softkey label is then underlined b Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DONE OPENS 4 Disconnect the OPEN and connect a SHORT to the test port 5 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SHORT for the 7 mm or 3 5 mm calibration kit or NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SHORTS for the type N calibration kit When the 7 mm or 3 5 mm calibration kit is selected the SHORT dat...

Страница 191: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN FWD ISOL N ISOL N STD Then wait the S21 isolation is measured and the softkey label is underlined 4 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ISOLATION DONE The isolation error coe cients are stored The two port calibration menu is displayed with the NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ISOLATION softkey underlined Step 5 Completing the Calibration 1 P...

Страница 192: ...e of the standard kit you want to use Table 7 2 is an example of a standard de nition table Table 7 2 Example of the Standard De nitions STANDARD C0 210 15 F C1 210 27 F C2210 36 F Hz C3210 45 F Hz FIXED OR SLIDING OFFSET FREQ GHz COAX or WAVEGUIDE STANDARD LABEL NO TYPE DELAY ps LOSS M s Z0 MIN MAX 1 SHORT 0 700 50 0 999 COAX SHORT M 2 OPEN 108 55 130 0 0 700 50 0 999 COAX OPEN M 3 LOAD FIXED 0 7...

Страница 193: ...FSET DELAY Then enter the o set delay value Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN OFFSET LOSS Then enter the o set loss value Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN OFFSET Z0 Then enter Z0 2 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN STD OFFSET DONE Step 5 Entering a Standard Class Label 1 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LABEL STD 2 Enter a standard label up to 10 characters 3 Pres...

Страница 194: ...o Select Press S11A NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SPECIFY S11A S11B NNNNNNNNNNNNNN S11B S11C NNNNNNNNNNNNNN S11C S22A NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SPECIFY S22A S22B NNNNNNNNNNNNNN S22B S22C NNNNNNNNNNNNNN S22C Forward Transmission NNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SPECIFY FWD TRANS Reverse Transmission NNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE NN...

Страница 195: ...ify the de nition using the copy function that lists standard parameters and class assignment Verifying the De nition of the User De ned Calibration Kit 1 Press 4Cal5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN CAL KIT NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN USER KIT to specify the calibration kit as a user de ned kit 2 Press 4Copy5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN CAL KIT D...

Страница 196: ...ion kit that is furnished to the 43961A for the standard calibration kit Calibration Procedure Follow the steps below to perform the OPEN SHORT LOAD calibrations 1 Press 4Cal5 2 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN CALIBRATE MENU 3 Connect the 0 S termination to the OUTPUT port 4 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNN OPEN After an open calibration sequence is completed the NNNNNNNNNNNNNN OPEN softkey...

Страница 197: ...g extend the sleeve or connector nut Use end caps over the mating plane surfaces Never store connectors loose in a box or a drawer Connecting the Test Fixture To connect the test xture to the impedance test kit see the applicable test xture manual for instructions The following is a general procedure 1 Turn the APC 7 connector of the impedance test kit OUTPUT port 2 Verify that the connector sleev...

Страница 198: ...Calibration Required for the Impedance Analyzer Mode Figure 7 2 Connecting Test Fixture 7 16 Calibration ...

Страница 199: ...a xture that is not listed in the xture list perform the following procedure 1 Determine the following parameters before de ning the user xture Port Extension The equivalent electrical length of the xture m Label The xture identi cation that is displayed in the softkey label 2 Press 4Meas5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN FIXTURE NONE NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MODIFY NO...

Страница 200: ...e applicable test xture manual 1 Connect the SHORT bar to the xture 2 Press 4Cal5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN FIXTURE COMPEN NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN COMPEN MENU 3 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SHORT After the short compensation sequence is done the NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SHORT softkey label is underlined 4 Remove the SHORT bar and set the OPEN condition 5 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNN OPE...

Страница 201: ... have de ned a xture compensation kit the 4395A preserves the de nitions so you can select the compensation kit whenever you need to use it The 4395A uses the following equivalent circuit to perform xture compensation for each of the OPEN SHORT and LOAD circuit states Figure 7 3 Model of Fixture Compensation Kit De ning a xture compensation kit involves the following steps 1 Opening the xture comp...

Страница 202: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SHORT RESIST R and enter the resistance value R for SHORT 4 Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN INDUCT L and enter the inductance value L for SHORT 5 Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LOAD RESIST R and enter the resistance value R for LOAD 6 Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN INDUCT L and enter the reactance value...

Страница 203: ...ndent on a particular analyzer mode In the latter half typical measurement techniques for each analyzer mode are described Topics covered include Interpreting the trace Storing the trace data in memory Using the trace math functions Overlaying traces Outputting the data to a printer Saving and recalling the settings and data Typical network measurement techniques Typical spectrum measurement techn...

Страница 204: ... To search for a point that has a target value To search for the peak to peak of ripples using the statistics function To search for a single peak on the trace To search for multiple peaks To de ne the peak for search to ignore unnecessary peaks To specify the search range To Read a Value Using the Marker 1 Press 4Marker5 2 Move the marker by performing the following steps Turn the rotary knob unt...

Страница 205: ... is the sum value of SPAN NOP01 and RBW For example when the frequency span is 10 MHz the NOP is 801 and the RBW is 10 kHz the readout resolution is approximately 22 5 kHz To Select Marker Readout Unit SA Nide Maker readout unit can be selected as follows 1 press 4Utility5 2 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR UNIT g 3 Select one of the following options Format Unit Softkey Power dBm NNN...

Страница 206: ...display the marker list on the bottom of the display The sub marker appears at the point of that the marker is displayed Sub markers are xed horizontally and you cannot move them The sub marker value can only be displayed by using the marker list To clear a sub marker press 4Marker5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN CLEAR SUB MKR Then press the sub marker number that you want to erase from...

Страница 207: ...ference marker that are displayed on the upper right of the grid The marker value on the upper right of the grid shows the frequency and the level di erences between the reference marker and the marker When you use the sub markers use the marker list to display the di erence between reference the marker and the sub markers Press 4Utility5 and then toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 208: ...NNN SEARCH LEFT Right side of the marker NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SEARCH RIGHT When the 1marker is active the target value becomes the di erence from the reference marker not an absolute value For example you can search for the 03 dB cuto point of a lter by mixing the 1marker and the target search function 8 6 Analyzing the Measurement Results ...

Страница 209: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR1 SEARCH RNG to set the range de ned by the reference marker and the marker as the search range Triangle shaped indicator 4 at the bottom of the grid shows current search range Step 2 To Search For the Ripple 1 Press 4Utility5 2 Toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN STATISTICS on OFF to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 210: ...peak 3 If you want to search for another peak To search next peak for Press 2nd highest peak NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN NEXT PEAK Peak just to the left NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN NEXT PEAK LEFT Peak just to the right NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN NEXT PEAK RIGHT Figure 8 5 Peak Search 8 8 Analyzing the Measurement Results ...

Страница 211: ...and the sub markers are placed on up to seven other peaks NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN PEAKS ALL searches for all the peaks and places the sub markers in the order of peak level NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN PEAKS RIGHT and NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN PEAKS LEFT search only to the right or left side of the peak and place the sub markers on peaks in the order found If the marker is to s...

Страница 212: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN PEAK DEF 1Y Then enter a height of the peak Using the Marker 1 Press 4Marker5 Then move the marker on the local maximum you want to search 2 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN 1MODE MENU NNNNNNNNNNNNNN 1MKR 3 Press 4Search5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SEARCH PEAK NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN PEAK DEF MENU 4 Move the marker to the foot of the...

Страница 213: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN THRESHOLD VALUE 3 Enter a threshold value 4 Toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN THRESHOLD on OFF to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off The red threshold line is displayed The all search function searches for only the upper side of the threshold line Using the Marker 1 Press 4Search5 2 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SEARCH PEAK NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 214: ...8 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN RETURN Using the 1Marker 1 Press 4Marker5 2 Move the marker to the start point of the search range 3 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN 1MODE MENU 4 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNN 1MKR 5 Move the marker to the end point of the search range 6 Press 4Search5 7 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SEARCH RANGE MENU 8 Toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 215: ... the part search press 4Search5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SEARCH RANGE MENU and then toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN PART SRCH ON off to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN on OFF Analyzing the Measurement Results 8 13 ...

Страница 216: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DATA and MEMORY Data trace NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DISPLAY DATA Memory traces are displayed as green channel 1 or red channel 2 to distinguish between the two traces You can change this color by using the modify colors menu under 4Display5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ADJUST DISPLAY If the trace memory of the active channel ...

Страница 217: ...NN DATA MATH 3 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DATA MATH DATA To Multiply the Trace 1 Press 4Display5 2 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DATA MATH 3 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNN GAIN Then enter a multiplication factor To Use Change value continuously Change value with 1 2 5 steps 4 5 4 5 Enter value directly 405 495 and unit keys Note For more information about the set...

Страница 218: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNN PEN 5 Blue NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN PEN 6 1 Power ON default 4 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DATA OVERLAY 5 Repeat steps 1 through 4 above to store di erent traces Note You cannot change the scale setting for the overlay traces It is also impossible to read the overlay trace data with markers or to save the data into a oppy disk or memory disk For those applications use th...

Страница 219: ...ll of the measured value list press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN NEXT PAGE or NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN PREV PAGE to turn the pages To print out the measured value list press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN PRINT STANDARD To return to the measurement display press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN RESTORE DISPLAY To Print an Analyzer Setting 1 Press 4Copy5 2 P...

Страница 220: ...dB INPUT R ATTEN 20 dB 20 dB INPUT A ATTEN 20 dB 20 dB INPUT B ATTEN 20 dB 20 dB GROUP DELAY APERTURE 1 SPAN 1 SPAN PHASE OFFSET 0 0 PORT 1 EXTENSION 0 s 0 s PORT 2 EXTENSION 0 s 0 s INPUT R EXTENSION 0 s 0 s INPUT A EXTENSION 0 s 0 s INPUT B EXTENSION 0 s 0 s OFF OFF VELOCITY FACTOR 1 1 CAL KIT 7mm 7mm Z0 50 ohm 50 ohm CAL TYPE NONE NONE 8 18 Analyzing the Measurement Results ...

Страница 221: ...se the memory disk data is lost when the power is turned o 1 Insert a LIF or DOS formatted 3 5 inch disk into the built in disk drive if you are recalling an instrument state le from the memory disk skip this step 2 Press 4Save5 3 Select a save data type Save Data Type Press Instrument states only NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN STATE Measurement data only1 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 222: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off Data array NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DATA on OFF to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off Memory array NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MEM on OFF to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off Data Trace array NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DATA TRACE on OFF to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off Memory Trace array NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MEM TRACE o...

Страница 223: ...e analyzer saves a TIFF le with an extension TIF for a DOS format or a su x _T for a LIF format If there is a le that has the same name you entered on the disk the error message lename error will be displayed To save the le use the other lename to save or purge the old le To purge a le press 4Save5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN FILE UTILITIES NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN PURGE F...

Страница 224: ...LES or NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN NEXT FILES 6 Press the softkey corresponding to the lename label 7 Enter the lename of the target le 8 Select the target storage device by toggling NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN STOR DEV DISK or NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MEMORY 9 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNN DONE to copy the le You cannot copy a le between the LIF and DOS formats When you want to ...

Страница 225: ...es on the memory disk are lost when the 4395A is turned o unless the memory disk is backed up using NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN BACK UP MEMO DISK To Back Up the Memory Disk The data les and disk format on the memory disk can be copied to a non volatile memory ash memory by memory disk backup operation The backup copy data is recalled to the memory disk every time the 4395...

Страница 226: ... the following typical measurement techniques using the network analyzer mode of operation Measuring 3 dB bandwidth using the width function Measuring electrical length Measuring phase deviation Compensating for the electrical delay caused by an extension cable 8 24 Analyzing the Measurement Results ...

Страница 227: ... and left and right hand bandwidth 1L F and 1R F are displayed at the upper right corner of the grid Figure 8 12 shows a typical example of a band pass lter measurement trace and describes each parameter 0 will be returned for all parameters when two cuto points can not be found Parameter Description Bandwidth BW The stimulus width between two cuto points f1 and f2 Center frequency of the bandwidt...

Страница 228: ...Measuring 3 dB Bandwidth Using the Width Function Figure 8 11 Bandwidth Measurement Using Width Function Figure 8 12 Parameters of a Band Pass Filter Measurement 8 26 Analyzing the Measurement Results ...

Страница 229: ...NNNNNNNN ELEC DELAY MENU b Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ELECTRICAL DELAY c Turn the rotary knob until the trace becomes at at the speci ed frequency 3 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ELECTRICAL DELAY Then read the electrical length that is displayed under the electrical delay time Before Adding the Electrical Length After Adding the Electrical L...

Страница 230: ...ess NNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE 3 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN VELOCITY FACTOR 4 Enter a new value Then press 4215 The relative velocity factor for a given dielectric can be calculated by Vf 1 p R The velocity factor defaults to 1 8 28 Analyzing the Measurement Results ...

Страница 231: ...se By adding the electrical length to atten the phase response the linear phase shift caused by the DUT is removed The displayed response is the deviation from the linear phase To turn o the electrical length function press 4cal5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ELEC DELAY MENU NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ELECTRICAL DELAY 405 4215 Figure 8 ...

Страница 232: ...s 4Bw Avg5 2 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN GROUP DELAY APERTURE 3 Enter group delay aperture value as a percentage of the span The group delay aperture is based on the number of points not the real aperture For example if the number of points is 201 a 1 group delay aperture causes the 4395A to calculate the group delay using the adjacent measurement points on...

Страница 233: ...UT B Then enter the electrical delay of the B input If you use the transmission re ection T R test set enter the electrical delay of the cable that is connected to the TEST PORT for the R and A inputs Figure 8 16 Port Extension With the T R Test Set If you use the S parameter test set follow these steps Enter 0 for NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN EXTENSION INPUT R NNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 234: ...g trace that crosses the center of the display 6 Press 4Cal5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ELEC DELAY MENU NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR DELAY NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ELECTRICAL DELAY then read the electrical delay of the cable 7 Press 405 4215 to clear the electrical delay o set 8 Enter a measured electrical delay as described...

Страница 235: ...R DELAY NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ELECTRICAL DELAY then read the electrical delay of the cable Note that this value is twice the real delay because there are both output and return paths 7 Press 405 4215 to clear the electrical delay o set 8 Enter half the value of the measured electrical delay as described in the If the Electrical Delay of the Extension Cable is Known pro...

Страница 236: ...l spectrum measurement techniques The topics covered include Measuring the noise level Measuring the carrier to noise ratio Performing the time gated spectrum analysis Measuring zero span time domain measurement Tracking unstable harmonics using the search track function 8 34 Analyzing the Measurement Results ...

Страница 237: ... Noise Bandwidth procedure Figure 8 19 Noise Readout Note Switching the display to a noise format causes the 4395A to perform detection in sample detection mode Subsequently returning the format to 4Format5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SPECTRUM causes the 4395A to perform detection in positive peak detection mode This is true even if you have selected the negative detection mode before switching to ...

Страница 238: ...NNNNNNNNNN DATA MATH Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN OFFSET for dBm Hz dBV p Hz and dB V p Hz Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNN GAIN for V p Hz and W Hz 4 Enter K then press 4215 Note The 4395A displays dBV p Hz dB V p Hz V p Hz as dBV Hz dB V Hz V Hz respectively 8 36 Analyzing the Measurement Results ...

Страница 239: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNN 1MODE MENU NNNNNNNNNNNNNN 1MKR to place the reference marker on the carrier signal 6 Press 4Bw Avg5 Then choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN VIDEO BW 7 Enter an appropriate video bandwidth to reduce the variation 8 Press 4Marker5 Then do either of the following Enter the o set frequency using the numeric keys Move the marker into the noise level of the trace using the rotary knob 9 I...

Страница 240: ...ve edge level causes triggering Gate trigger mode which selects one of two modes EDGE or LEVEL Gate Delay which determines how long after the trigger signal the gate actually becomes active Gate Length which determines how long the gate is on Gate Trigger Mode Two gate trigger modes EDGE and LEVEL are provided for the gate trigger to match the trigger signal used Edge Mode The edge mode allows you...

Страница 241: ...te length The level mode also provides the gate delay For the level mode the gate sweep is controlled by the following factors Trigger polarity which selects the polarity of TTL the level 5 V or 0 V to open gate Gate Delay which determines how long after the trigger signal the gate becomes active Figure 8 22 Level Mode Analyzing the Measurement Results 8 39 ...

Страница 242: ...nts the RBW lter using digital processing Video bandwidth VBW can be set without concern for the gate length setting The analyzer implements the video lter using digital processing The video lter of the analyzer requires no settling time for normal operation Therefore it is not a ected by the gate length setting 8 40 Analyzing the Measurement Results ...

Страница 243: ... Spectrum Note Performing this measurement requires Option 1D6 Step 1 Determining the Gate Trigger Parameters 1 Connect the target signal and the trigger signal to the input port of an oscilloscope see Figure 8 23 Figure 8 23 Time Domain Measurement Con guration 2 Adjust the oscilloscope to display the two signals 3 Using the oscilloscope check the following parameters For the target signal Pulse ...

Страница 244: ...e 8 24 Target and Trigger Signal Timing on the Oscilloscope 4 Determine the gate parameters using the following equations Gate delay SUT SD Figure 8 25 shows the scheme of these parameters Open the gate during the time the signal is in a stable condition The time from the start time of a signal and the open time of a gate is the set up time SUT Figure 8 25 Gate Parameters 8 42 Analyzing the Measur...

Страница 245: ...control mode Select LEVEL or EDGE by toggling NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN GATE CTL LEVEL and NNNNNNNNNNNNNN EDGE to the required mode 5 If you have selected the LEVEL trigger mode set the trigger polarity for starting the gate Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN RETURN And then toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN TRIG PLRTY to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN POS neg positive or NNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 246: ... Setting the RBW VBW and Using the Averaging Function Setting the Resolution Bandwidth 1 Press 4Bw Avg5 2 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN RES BW and set the resolution bandwidth in accordance with Table 8 1 8 44 Analyzing the Measurement Results ...

Страница 247: ...is not available 2 1 If the gate control mode is level add the gate delay setting to the listed value 2 5 5 sec when the gate control mode is level Setting the Video Bandwidth VBW 1 Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN VIDEO BW 2 Set the video bandwidth You can set any video bandwidth VBW without concern for the gate length setting The 4395A implements the video lter using digital processing The vide...

Страница 248: ...uring the Spectrum 1 Adjust the span setting to t the trace to your requirement 2 Perform your measurement Before Time Gating VBW 30 kHz After Time Gating VBW 300 Hz Figure 8 27 Time Gated Spectrum Analysis 8 46 Analyzing the Measurement Results ...

Страница 249: ...de Auto Fixed1 Manual Fixed1 Sweep time Automatically determined 32 sec NOP2 Automatically determined 801 Detection mode Positive peak Sample 1 Sweep time mode can not be changed in spectrum analyzer mode 2 Number of display points You must specify an RBW equal to or greater than 3 kHz If your speci ed value is smaller than 3 kHz the 4395A automatically sets the RBW to 3 kHz When you change the sw...

Страница 250: ... the response time Accurate measurements with a 5 MHz RBW require the center frequency to be equal to the signal frequency Reading Transition Time Using the Marker 1 Press 4Utility5 2 Toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR TIME on OFF to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off 3 Move the marker using the 4 Read the transition time that is displayed on the upper right of the grid When you a...

Страница 251: ...Measuring Zero Span Figure 8 28 Marker Time Analyzing the Measurement Results 8 49 ...

Страница 252: ...y time the 4395A performs a sweep process 5 Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MULTIPLE PEAKS NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN PEAKS RIGHT to search for the carrier and harmonics under the search track 6 Press 4Utility5 Then toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR LIST on OFF to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off Even if the frequency of a carrier changes the 4395A ...

Страница 253: ...xplains how to supply DC bias to the DUT on impedance measurement mode 1 Make sure that the 4395A s DC SOURCE port is inactive The softkey label under 4Source5 should be NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DC OUT on OFF 2 Connect a BNC cable between the DC SOURCE port and the impedance test kit s DC SOURCE INPUT port see Figure 8 30 The 4395A can apply DC voltage bias up to 640V or dc curren...

Страница 254: ...NNNNNNNNNNNN DC SRC VOLTAGE To apply DC bias in current control mode toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DC SRC VOLTAGE to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DC SRC CURRENT 3 Set the upper limit voltage or current For voltage control mode choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DC CURRENT LIMIT and enter the upper limit current using the nume...

Страница 255: ... for calculating the equivalent circuit parameters or simulating the equivalent circuit s characteristics under swept frequency Softkey Label Description NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SELECT EQV CKT Opens the Select Equivalent Circuit Menu which lets you to select one of the ve supported circuit models NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DISP EQV PARM S...

Страница 256: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN CALCULATE EQV PARAMS in the Equivalent Circuit Menu NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SIMULATE F CHRST Same as NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SIMULATE F CHRST in the Equivalent Circuit Menu NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN RETURN Returns to the Equivalent Circuit Menu De ne Equivalent Circuit Parameter Menu This menu...

Страница 257: ...4 Equivalent Circuit Selection Guide Equivalent Circuit Type of Devices Typical Frequency Characteristics A Inductors with high core loss B Inductors and resistors C High value resistors D Capacitors E Resonators Analyzing the Measurement Results 8 55 ...

Страница 258: ...btained and compare it with the measured trace 5 Press 4Display5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN EQUIV CKT MENU 6 Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SIMULATE F CHRST After a beep the simulated trace is displayed The simulated trace is stored in the memory trace To turn o the simulated trace press 4Display5 and choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 259: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNN WIDTHS on OFF Turns on the width search feature and calculates the center frequency of a lobe on the trace width Q and cut o point deviation from the center stimulus value The cut o point that de nes the width parameters is set using the NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN WIDTH VALUE softkey The 1marker is automatically changed to the tracking 1marker when NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN WID...

Страница 260: ... NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN WIDTH NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN WIDTH VALUE NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKRVAL p2 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN RETURN 4 Toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN WIDTH on OFF to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off The width value Q factor and several parameters are displayed on the screen Using the Resonance Point 1 Press 4Search5 to make the marker active 2 T...

Страница 261: ...ended for direct connection with a test xture However you can use the 4395A s port extension feature to connect an extension cable between the test kit and xture Note You must determine the electrical length of the extension cable before using it with the aid of the port extension feature Follow these steps 1 Connect the cable to the APC 7 connector of the 43961A impedance test kit 2 Press 4Cal5 a...

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Страница 263: ...ns how to use these techniques to optimize your measurement tasks Topics covered include Reducing sweep time using list sweep Improving dynamic range Adjusting the IF bandwidth Using list sweep function Performing GO NO GO test of a lter using limit line Simultaneous measurement with di erent settings using dual channel Stabilizing the trace Advanced Techniques for Optimizing Measurements 9 1 ...

Страница 264: ...bine up to 51 segments settings for network or impedance analyzer mode and 15 segments settings for spectrum analyzer mode into 1 sweep You may want to use the list sweep function primarily to reduce the time required for the sweep process The 4395A does not require that the sweep segments be contiguous Therefore you can speed up the sweep process using the following strategy Di erentiate the swee...

Страница 265: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SWEEP TYPE MENU NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN EDIT LIST to call the sweep list editor 2 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNN EDIT to edit the sweep list Figure 9 2 List Sweep Editor 3 Enter the frequency range of the segment Move the marker to the start point Then press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SEGMENT MKR START Move the marker to the stopping point Then press NN...

Страница 266: ...e sweep list The segments do not have to be entered in any particular order The analyzer automatically sorts them in increasing order of sweep parameter value Figure 9 3 Sweep List Edit Display To Modify or Delete the Segment 1 Press 4Sweep5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SWEEP TYPE MENU NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN EDIT LIST NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SEGMENT 2 Select the segment y...

Страница 267: ...t to delete an edited sweep list press 4Sweep5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SWEEP TYPE MENU NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN EDIT LIST NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN CLEAR LIST NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN CLEAR LIST YES NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LIST DONE You can save and recall the edited sweep list with all other instrument settings by pressing 4Save5 NNNNN...

Страница 268: ...ging Function for further information Adjusting the IF Bandwidth Adjusting the IF bandwidth can lower the noise ower For example if you changed the IF bandwidth to 1 10 of the current setting say 100 Hz instead of 1 kHz the measurement noise oor would lower by approximately 10 dB This technique increases the dynamic range but slows down the sweep process 1 Press 4Bw Avg5 2 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ...

Страница 269: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SWEEP TYPE MENU NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN EDIT LIST 2 To modify segment 1 press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SEGMENT 415 4215 NNNNNNNNNNNNNN EDIT 3 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN POWER 15 4215 NNNNNNNNNNNNNN IFBW 30 4215 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SEGMENT DONE 4 To modify segments 2 and 3 see Figure 9 5 for the values and modify them in a manner similar to steps 2 and 3 5 Pres...

Страница 270: ...four points for the limit test the limit line image is as shown in Figure 9 7 Each point has frequency information and an upper and a lower limit value Enter these values as described in the Editing a Limit Line Table procedure Figure 9 7 Frequency Upper and Lower Limit In this example the limit line connects four limit points If a measured trace exceeds the upper or lower limit line the limit tes...

Страница 271: ...e segment press 4Marker5 3 Press 4System5 4 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LIMIT MENU Then toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LIMIT LINE on OFF to NNNNNNNN ON This makes it easier to understand the status of the limit line while you are editing it 5 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN EDIT LIMIT LINE to call the limit line editor 6 If an old limi...

Страница 272: ... delta limit The upper and lower limit lines appear at an equal positive and negative distance from the speci ed middle amplitude To Modify or Delete the Segment 1 Press 4System5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LIMIT MENU NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN EDIT LIMIT LINE NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SEGMENT 2 Select the segment you want to delete or modify Enter the segment number you wa...

Страница 273: ...ne Test To Beep When the Limit Test is Failed 1 Press 4System5 2 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LIMIT MENU 3 Toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN BEEP FAIL on OFF to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off Advanced Techniques for Optimizing Measurements 9 11 ...

Страница 274: ...o Use Move continuously Move with steps 4 5 4 5 Enter o set value directly 405 495 and unit keys 5 To move the limit line vertically to the marker position a Press 4Marker5 Then move the marker to the point you want to set as the o set value b Press 4System5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LIMIT MENU NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LIMIT LINE OFFSETS NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 275: ...6 4 Toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN AVERAGING on OFF to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off The averaging notation Avg appears on left side of the grid when averaging is turned on The averaging notation indicates the number of times averaging has been performed When averaging is completed the counter stops incrementing However the trace continues updating with each sweep Averagin...

Страница 276: ...peak of the drifting test signal 5 Toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SIGNAL TRK on OFF to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off The signal track function captures the peak that is indicated by the marker and places it in the center of the grid for each sweep If the peak is unstable horizontally use this function The analyzer automatically changes the center frequency to keep the p...

Страница 277: ...Stabilizing the Trace Figure 9 12 Display When Starting Signal Track Figure 9 13 Display After Signal Has Drifted Advanced Techniques for Optimizing Measurements 9 15 ...

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Страница 279: ...ain compression measurement Absolute output level measurement Spectrum Measurement SA Mode AM signal measurement Carrier amplitude and frequency measurement using the marker Modulating frequency and modulation index measurement using 1Marker FM Signal Measurement Frequency deviation of wide band FM signal Impedance Measurement ZA Mode Evaluation of a chip capacitor Capacitance C and dissipation fa...

Страница 280: ...t the analyzer s controls as follows Desired Settings Key Strokes MEASUREMENT block Select Network Analyzer 4Meas5 FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF ANALYZER TYPE FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF NETWORK ANALYZER ACTIVE CHANNEL block Select channel 1 4Chan 15 default MEASUREMENT block Select S21 or B R measurement 4Meas5 FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF S PARAMETERS FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF...

Страница 281: ...r to the maximum value of trace The marker reads out the insertion loss and displays it at the upper right of the display 2 Press 4Marker5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN 1MODE MENU NNNNNNNNNNNNNN 1MKR to turn on the 1Marker at the position of the marker 3 Enter 415 455 405 4k m5 to move the marker to the point o set from the 1marker The 1marker value shows the relative attenuation at the o set p...

Страница 282: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR XCH MENU NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ZOOMING APERTURE 415 405 4215 5 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR XCH ZOOM 6 Press 4Chan 25 4Search5 NNNNNNNNNNN MAX Then press 4Marker 5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR REFERENCE 4Scale Ref5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SCALE DEV 415 4215 to magnify the trace and resolve the ripple 7 P...

Страница 283: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN COUPLED CH on OFF to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off to couple sweep parameters of channel 2 to channel 1 2 Press 4Chan 25 4Format5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN PHASE to display the phase response on channel 2 If the trace needs to be rescaled press 4Scale Ref5 and NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN AUTO SCALE Figure 10 5 shows the phase response of the bandpass lter Notice the line...

Страница 284: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN EXP PHASE on OFF to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off Then press 4Scale Ref5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN AUTO SCALE The phase is displayed with no wrap see Figure 10 6 Figure 10 6 Expanded Phase Mode Press 4Format5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN EXP PHASE ON off to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN on OFF to turn o the expanded phase mode 10 6 Examp...

Страница 285: ...ower see Figure 10 7 Figure 10 7 Re ection Measurement Multi Port Test Devices When the device has more than one port connect high quality terminations loads to all unused DUT ports to terminate them into their characteristic impedance usually 50 or 75 If this is not done re ections o the unused ports will cause measurement errors The S parameter test set automatically switches the termination at ...

Страница 286: ...FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF ANALYZER TYPE FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF NETWORK ANALYZER ACTIVE CHANNEL block Select channel 1 4Chan 15 default MEASUREMENT block Select S11 4Meas5 FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF S PARAMETERS FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF Refl FWD S11 A R default Select LOG MAG format 4Format5 FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF FORMAT LOG MAG default SWEEP bl...

Страница 287: ...ff Note The next example S Parameters Measurement uses the calibration corrections you just completed Do not change the calibration settings before doing the example Measurement Connect the DUT to the test set Press 4Scale Ref5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN AUTO SCALE if the trace needs to be rescaled Return Loss and Re ection Coe cient The return loss characteristics are displayed in the Log M...

Страница 288: ...ction measurement data as standing wave ratio swr press 4Format5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE NNNNNNNNNNN SWR The analyzer reformats the display in the non unit measure of SWR with SWR 1 a perfect match at the bottom of the display Figure 10 10 SWR 10 10 Examples of Applications ...

Страница 289: ... The outermost circumference of the scale represents a 0 1 00 or 100 re ection Phase The 3 o clock position corresponds to zero phase angle that is the re ected signal is at the same phase as the incident signal Phase di erences of 90 180 and 270 degrees correspond to the 12 9 and 6 o clock positions on the polar display respectively Figure 10 11 S11 on Polar Chart Data Readout Using the Marker Pr...

Страница 290: ... DUT impedance normalized to that is divided by the measuring system s characteristic impedance usually 50 or 75 The network analyzer has a default impedance of 50 To set the impedance to 75 press 4Cal5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SET Z0 The network analyzer uses the formula above to convert the re ection coe cient measurement data to impedance data 1 Press 4Format5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 291: ...NNN ADMITTANCE CHART The display shows the complex impedance of the DUT over the frequency range selected 2 Use the knob to read the resistive and reactive components of the complex impedance at any point along the trace The marker displays complex impedance readout Figure 10 13 Admittance Measurement Examples of Applications 10 13 ...

Страница 292: ...l frequency with a varying input amplitude By using the power sweep function in the network analyzer mode measurements such as gain compression or automatic gain control slope can be made Measurement Setup Connection Set up the 4395A as shown in Figure 10 14 Figure 10 14 Gain Compression Measurement Setup 10 14 Examples of Applications ...

Страница 293: ...p5 415 455 4215 Performing Calibration Perform a power response calibration for this measurement as follows 1 Press 4Cal5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN CALIBRATION MENU NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN RESPONSE 2 Connect a THRU calibration standard between the measurement cables in place of the DUT see Figure 10 14 3 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNN THRU to perform a power response calibration ...

Страница 294: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DATA MATH DATA NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN OFFSET Then input the value of the attenuator that is connected between the DUT and the B input In this example measurement a 30 dB attenuator is used Therefore enter 30 4215 4 The 4395A displays the input versus output power levels The marker shows the input and output power levels at the 01 dB gain compression point 5 Press 4Dis...

Страница 295: ...Gain Compression Measurement NA Figure 10 16 Input vs Output Power Level at the 01 dB Gain Compression Point Examples of Applications 10 17 ...

Страница 296: ...trum Analyzer 4Meas5 FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF ANALYZER TYPE FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF SPECTRUM ANALYZER ACTIVE CHANNEL block Select channel 1 4Chan 15 default MEASUREMENT block Select R input port 4Meas5 FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF SPECTRUM R default SWEEP block Center frequency 100 MHz 4Center5 415 405 405 4M 5 Span frequency 200 kHz 4Span5 425 405 405 4k m5 Carrier ...

Страница 297: ...rch5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SEARCH PEAK NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN NEXT PEAK to search for a sideband The o set value from the carrier is displayed as the marker sweep parameter value shown in Figure 10 18 This value is the modulation frequency Figure 10 18 Modulating Frequency of AM Signal The 1marker shows that the sideband amplitude value relative to the carrier is 019 708 dB...

Страница 298: ...AM Signal Measurement SA where 1Mkr is the 1marker value shown in Figure 10 18 10 20 Examples of Applications ...

Страница 299: ...FFFFFFFF SPECTRUM ANALYZER ACTIVE CHANNEL block Select channel 1 4Chan 15 default MEASUREMENT block Select R input port 4Meas5 FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF SPECTRUM R default Reference scale level 010 dBm 4Scale Ref5 405 415 405 4215 SWEEP block Center frequency 100 MHz 4Center5 415 405 405 4M 5 Span frequency 5 MHz 4Span5 455 4M 5 RBW 300 Hz 4Bw Avg5 435 405 405 4215 Frequency Deviation of Wide ...

Страница 300: ...rker5 415 405 405 4M 5 to put the maker on the carrier frequency 2 Press 4Marker 5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ZOOMING APERTURE 405 4 5 425 4215 3 Press NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR ZOOM to zoom up to the carrier signal 4 Press 4Bw Avg5 415 405 4215 5 Press 4Scale Ref5 and enter reference vale if the trace needs rescaling 6 Press 4Marker5 415 405 405 4M 5 to move the marke...

Страница 301: ...FM Signal Measurement SA Figure 10 20 Zooming Carrier Signal of FM Signal Examples of Applications 10 23 ...

Страница 302: ...rmine the equivalent circuit parameters of a chip capacitor using the equivalent circuit analysis function of the 4395A Note that using the 4395A as an impedance analyzer requires the 43961A Impedance Test Kit as well as Option 010 Measurement Setup Connection Set up the 4395A as shown in Figure 10 21 Figure 10 21 Connecting the Impedance Test Kit Analyzer Settings Press 4Preset5 Then set the 4395...

Страница 303: ...nt terminations 0 S OPEN 0 SHORT and 50 LOAD Note Be sure to use the calibration kit included in the 43961A package 1 Press 4Cal5 and choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN CALIBRATE MENU 2 Connect the 0S termination to the OUTPUT port and choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNN OPEN Wait until the NNNNNNNNNNNNNN OPEN softkey s label is underlined to indicate that the OPEN calibration is complete 3 Rem...

Страница 304: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN FIXTURE NONE NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SELECT FIXTURE 3 As the model number for the test xture you are going to use select NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN 16192 4 Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN RETURN 5 A Del marker appears at the left edge of the screen Fixture Compensation Fixture compensation is a process that calibrates the 4395A with a test xture...

Страница 305: ... to activate Channel 1 2 Press 4Meas5 and choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE 1 5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE 2 5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE 3 5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SER Cs to instruct the 4395A to measure Cs serial capacitance for Channel 1 3 Press 4Chan 25 to activate Channel 2 4 Press 4Meas5 and choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE 4 5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN D FACT...

Страница 306: ...NN IMPEDANCE Z to instruct the 4395A to measure jZj for Channel 1 3 Press 4Format5 and choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN FORMAT LOG Y AXIS 4 Press 4Scale Ref5 and choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN AUTO SCALE 5 Press 4Chan 25 to activate Channel 2 6 Press 4Meas5 and choose NNNNNNN z 7 Press 4Scale Ref5 and choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN AUTO SCALE The 43...

Страница 307: ...istics with the actually measured characteristics To analyze equivalent circuit parameters follow these steps 1 Press 4Display5 and choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN EQUIV CKT MENU to access the equivalent circuit menu 2 Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SELECT EQV CKT A and select NNNNN D as the equivalent circuit model to use 3 ...

Страница 308: ...MULATE F CHRST Preceded by a beep the simulation results appear on the screen They are also stored in the trace memory Figure 10 26 Simulation of Frequency based Characteristics Using Resulting Equivalent Circuit Parameters You can simulate the frequency based characteristics with desired parameter values you de ned Press 4Display5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN E...

Страница 309: ...Calibrate the 4395A as described in Evaluation of a Chip Capacitor ZA Mode Connecting the Test Fixture The test xture used in this example is the 16092A Spring Clip Test Fixture Connect the test xture to the test kit referring to the documentation for the 16092A Spring Clip Test Fixture Setting the Electrical Length of the Test Fixture Connecting a test xture adds an extra electrical length to the...

Страница 310: ...ctivate Channel 2 5 Press 4Meas5 and check that NNNNNNN z is currently selected 6 Press 4Format5 and check that NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN FORMAT LIN Y AXIS is currently selected 7 Press 4Bw Avg5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN AVERAGING FACTOR 485 4215 8 Toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN AVERAGING on OFF to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 311: ...ur Figure 10 28 Readout of the Fr and CI Values of a Crystal Resonator Equivalent Circuit Analysis The 4395A supports the 4 element equivalent circuit model which is suitable for evaluating crystal resonator 1 Press 4Display5 and choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN EQUIV CKT MENU to access the equivalent circuit menu 2 Choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 312: ...the equivalent circuit and compare them with the actually measured characteristics To do so follow these steps 4 Press 4Display5 and choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNN MORE NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN EQUIV CKT MENU NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SIMULATE F CHRST To hide the simulation results from the screen press 4Display5 and choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 313: ...lane format 5 Press 4Display5 and choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DUAL CHAN ON off to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN on OFF to turn OFF the dual channel display 6 Press 4Scale Ref5 and choose NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN AUTO SCALE to rescale the trace 7 Adjust the span by pressing 4Span5 and then 4 5 or 4 5 If the number of sweep points is so small that the admittance chart do...

Страница 314: ...tor 8 4Bw Avg5 FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF AVERAGING FACTOR 485 4215 FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF AVERAGING on OFF to FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF ON off SWEEP block Hold trigger 4Trigger5 FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF SWEEP HOLD De ning the Sweep List The list sweep function controls the sweep process in accordance with a user de ned sweep list To de ne the sweep list follow these ...

Страница 315: ...ncy Measuring Point Power IF Bandwidth DC Bias Voltage 1 300 MHz 300 MHz 2 013 dBm 2 Hz 028 V 2 300 MHz 300 MHz 2 013 dBm 2 Hz 026 V 3 300 MHz 300 MHz 2 013 dBm 2 Hz 024 V 4 300 MHz 300 MHz 2 013 dBm 2 Hz 022 V 5 300 MHz 300 MHz 2 013 dBm 2 Hz 020 V 6 300 MHz 300 MHz 2 013 dBm 2 Hz 018 V 7 300 MHz 300 MHz 2 013 dBm 2 Hz 016 V 8 300 MHz 300 MHz 2 013 dBm 2 Hz 014 V 9 300 MHz 300 MHz 2 013 dBm 2 Hz ...

Страница 316: ...r ZA Mode Measuring Capacitance under DC Bias Conditions 1 Connect the DUT 2 Press 4Source5 and toggle NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DC OUT on OFF to NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ON off Figure 10 32 Characteristics of a Varactor Diode under DC Bias Sweep In this example you learned how to evaluate the capacitance characteristics of a varactor diode under DC voltage bias conditions using the li...

Страница 317: ...characteristics typical or nominal Warm up time must be greater than or equal to 30 minutes after power on for all speci cations Network Measurement Source Characteristics Frequency Characteristics Range 10 Hz to 500 MHz Resolution 1 mHz Frequency reference Accuracy at 2365 C referenced to 23 C 65 5 ppm Aging 62 5 ppm year SPC Initial achievable accuracy 61 0 ppm SPC Temperature stability at 2365 ...

Страница 318: ...cs Harmonics at 10 dBm output 030 dBc Non harmonics spurious at 10 dBm output 030 dBc Noise sidebands at 10 kHz o set from carrier 095 dBc Hz Power sweep range 20 dB max Power sweep linearity deviation from linear power referenced to the stop power level 60 5 dB Impedance 50 nominal Return loss frequency 200 MHz 15 dB SPC frequency 200 MHz 7 dB SPC Connector Type N female 11 2 Speci cations and Su...

Страница 319: ...0115 f 100 MHz dB Input crosstalk for input R 10 dBm input input attenuator 20 dB for input A B input attenuator 0 dB at frequency 100 kHz R through A B 0100 dB others 0100 dB SPC at frequency 100 kHz R through A B 0120 dB others 0120 dB SPC Source Crosstalk for input A B typical for input R at 10 dBm output 100 kHz input attenuator 0 dB 0100 dB at 10 dBm output 100 kHz Input attenuator 0 dB 0120 ...

Страница 320: ...put Level Dynamic Accuracy1 relative to full scale input level frequency 100 Hz 0 dB input level 010 dB 60 4 dB 010 dB input Level 060 dB 60 05 dB 060 dB input level 080 dB 60 3 dB 080 dB input level 0100 dB 63 dB 1 A input level B input level for B R full scale input level 010 dB R input level B input level for A B full scale input level 010 dB IFBW 10 Hz 2365 C At the following points measuremen...

Страница 321: ...Level Dynamic Accuracy1 relative to full scale input level frequency 100 Hz 0 dB input level 010 dB 63 010 dB input level 060 dB 60 3 060 dB input level 080 dB 61 8 080 dB input level 0100 dB 618 1 A input level B input level for B R full scale input level 010 dB R input level B input level for A B full scale input level 010 dB IFBW 10 Hz 2365 C At the following points measurement error may exceed...

Страница 322: ...frequency Power List frequency Trigger type Hold Single Number of groups Continuous Trigger source Internal free run External Manual GPIB bus Event trigger On point On sweep NOP Number of Points 2 to 801 Measurement Throughput 1 msec SPC IFBW 30 kHz after through calibration Measurement points 51 201 401 801 Amplitude 75 165 305 580 Amplitude Phase 75 215 400 770 1 Includes system retrace time and...

Страница 323: ... 0 C to 40 C referenced to 23 C 60 13 ppm Aging 60 1 ppm year SPC Initial achievable accuracy 60 02 ppm SPC Temperature stability at 0 C to 40 C referenced to 23 C 60 01 ppm SPC Resolution bandwidth RBW Range 3 dB RBW at span 0 1 Hz to 1 MHz 1 3 step 3 dB RBW at span 0 3k 5k 10k 20k 40k 100k 200k 400k 800k 1 5M 3M 5MHz Selectivity 60 dB BW 3 dB BW at span 0 3 Mode Auto or Manual Accuracy at span 0...

Страница 324: ... dB 2365 C 60 8 dB Frequency response at 020 dBm input input attenuator 10 dB referenced to level at 50 MHz 2365 C frequency 100 Hz 61 3 dB frequency 100 Hz 63 0 dB Amplitude delity1 Log scale2 Input level dB to full scale input level Amplitude Fidelity 0 to 030 dB 60 05 dB 030 to 040 dB 60 07 dB 040 to 050 dB 60 15 dB 050 to 060 dB 60 35 dB 060 to 070 dB 60 8 dB 070 to 080 dB 61 8 dB 11 8 Speci c...

Страница 325: ...nuator auto 2365 C Note Refer to Input attenuator part for the de nition of full scale input level Displayed average noise level at reference value 040 dBm input attenuator auto or 0 dB at frequency 1 kHz 0120 dBm Hz at 100 kHz 0133 dBm Hz at 10 MHz1 0145 frequency 100 MHz dBm Hz 1 at start frequency 10 MHz Figure 11 4 Typical Displayed Average Noise Level On screen dynamic range Speci cations and...

Страница 326: ...Hz 070 dBc Other spurious 2365 C at single tone input with full scale input level010 dB input signal frequency 500 MHz RBW 100 kHz 1KHz frequency o set 300MHz 070 dBc 060 dBc SPC if there are input signals in the following frequency range 14 7 MHz to 15 9 MHz 29 5 MHz to 31 7 MHz 414 7 MHz to 415 9 MHz Residual response at reference value setting 040 dBm input attenuator auto or 0 dB 0108 dBm See ...

Страница 327: ...50 dB 30 dBm 1 Note that it is di erent from the full scale input level in network measurement Mode Auto or Manual In auto mode the attenuator is set to minimum value which ensures full scale input level reference level Input attenuator switching uncertainty at attenuator 30 dB referenced to 10 dB 61 0 dB at attenuator 40 dB referenced to 10 dB 61 5 dB Temperature drift 60 05 dB C SPC Speci cation...

Страница 328: ...100 Hz 100 kHz 270 ms 10 Hz 10 kHz 2 0 s 1 Hz 1 kHz 11 s Zero Span 1 1 See the next item for sweep time at zero span Zero span RBW Minimum Resolution Maximum Sweep Time 5 MHz 40 ns 1 28 ms 100 kHz 1 28 s 81 92 ms 3 k Hz 40 96 s 2 62 s Number of display points at span 0 2 to 801 points automatically set at span 0 2 to 801 points selectable Input Characteristics Input Port R A B Crosstalk from any i...

Страница 329: ... 1 28 s Tl 3 2 s 100 s Gate delay Range 0 8 s to 3 2 s Resolution Range of Gate Delay Td Resolution 0 8 s Td 25 ms 0 4 s 25 ms Td 64 ms 1 s 64 ms Td 130 ms 2 s 130 ms Td 320 ms 5 s 320 ms Td 1 28 s 20 s 1 28 s Td 3 2 s 100 s Additional Amplitude Error Log scale 0 3 dB SPC Linear scale 3 SPC Gate Control Modes Edge positive negative or Level Gate Trigger Input External Trigger Input is used Connect...

Страница 330: ...p List frequency sweep Power sweep in dBm unit IF Bandwidth 2 10 30 100 300 1k 3k 10k 30k Hz Calibration OPEN SHORT LOAD 3 term calibration Fixture compensation Port extension correction Measurement Port Type APC 7 Output Characteristics Frequency range 100 kHz to 500 MHz Frequency resolution 1 mHz Output impedance 50 nominal Output Level when the measurement port is terminated by 50 1 056 to 9 dB...

Страница 331: ... Level accuracy frequency 1 MHz 6 A 3 dB frequency 1 MHz 6 A 1 dB where A is the sum total of level accuracy level linearity and level atness speci cations for output characteristics of network measurement Speci cations and Supplemental Characteristics 11 15 ...

Страница 332: ...onditions 1 Warm up time 30 minutes Ambient temperature 23 C 6 5 C within 61 C from the temperature at which calibration is performed Signal level setting 0 to 15 dBm Correction ON IFBW for calibration and measurement 300 Hz Averaging factor for calibration and measurement 8 1 At the following points measurement error may exceed the performance described in this section 124 0 MHz 136 0 MHz 415 0 M...

Страница 333: ...Characteristics Figure 11 7 Impedance Measurement Accuracy jZj Accuracy jZj accuracy Za A B jZmj C 2 jZmj 2100 accuracy a sin01 Za 100 Where jZmj is jZj measured A B and C are obtained from Figure 11 7 Speci cations and Supplemental Characteristics 11 17 ...

Страница 334: ...2 f 2 Cs can be calculated as tan01 X R or tan01 2 f 2 Ls R or tan01 1 R 22 f 2Cs Ra A B jRmj C 2 jRmj 2 100 Xa A B jXmj C 2jXmj 2100 Rm and Xm are the measured R and X respectively A B and C are obtained from Figure 11 7 G B Accuracy Depends on D Accuracy D 0 2 0 2 D 5 5 D Ga 6Bm 2Ba 100 S Ga cos Ga Ba Ba Ba sin 6Gm 2Ga 100 S Where D can be calculated as G B or G 2 f 2 Cp or G 2 2 f 2 Lp can be c...

Страница 335: ...acy L Accuracy Depends on D Accuracy D 0 2 0 2 D La La 100 La 1 D Where La A B jZlj C 2jZlj 2 100 jZlj 2 f 2 Lm f is frequency in Hz and Lm is measured L A B and C are obtained from Figure 11 7 C Accuracy Depends on D Accuracy D 0 2 0 2 D Ca Ca Ca 1 D Where Ca A B jZcj C 2 jZcj 2 100 jZcj 2 f 2Cm 01 f is frequency in Hz and Cm is measured C A B and C are obtained from Figure 11 7 Speci cations and...

Страница 336: ...ach channel Sub marker 7 for each channel 1marker 1 for each channel Hard copy Mode Dump mode only including color dump mode Storage Built in exible disk drive Type 3 5 inch 1 44 MByte or 720 KByte 1 44 MByte format is used for disk initialization Memory 512 KByte can be backed up by ash memory Backup Memory Charge time 1 hour Typical Operating time of the battery backup 72 hours Typical GPIB Inte...

Страница 337: ... V 620 mA Current Range 020 A to 0100 mA 20 A to 100 mA Resolution 20 A Voltage limitation at Current setting 020 mA to 20 mA 640 V at Current setting 0100 mA to 020 mA 20 mA to 100 mA 625 V Accuracy Voltage at 2365 C 6 0 1 4 mV Idc 1 mA 25 mV Current at 2365 C 6 0 5 30 A Vdc 2 V 10 k mA 1 current at DC source connector 2 voltage at DC source connector Probe Power Output voltage 15 V 300 mA 012 6 ...

Страница 338: ...nt Figure 11 8 8 bit I O Port Pin Assignments 24 bit I O Interface Connector D SUB 36 pin Level TTL I O 8 bit for input or output 16 bit for output Figure 11 9 24 bit I O Interface Pin Assignment 11 22 Speci cations and Supplemental Characteristics ...

Страница 339: ... B4 TTL level latch output 18 OUTPUT PORT B5 TTL level latch output 19 OUTPUT PORT B6 TTL level latch output 20 OUTPUT PORT B7 TTL level latch output 21 I O PORT C0 TTL level latch output 22 I O PORT C1 TTL level latch output 23 I O PORT C2 TTL level latch output 24 I O PORT C3 TTL level latch output 25 I O PORT D0 TTL level latch output 26 I O PORT D1 TTL level latch output 27 I O PORT D2 TTL lev...

Страница 340: ...nominal Connector BNC female Reference oven output Option 1D5 Frequency 10 MHz nominal Level 0 dBm SPC Output impedance 50 nominal Connector BNC female External trigger input Level TTL Pulse width Tp 2 s Typically Polarity positive negative selective Connector BNC female External program Run Cont input Connector BNC female Level TTL Gate output Option 1D6 Level TTL Connector BNC female Figure 11 1...

Страница 341: ...ts External monitor output Connector D SUB 15 pin HD Display resolution 640 2 480 VGA Internal Clock Charge time 1 hour SPC Capacity 72 hours SPC Operation Conditions Temperature Disk drive non operating condition 0 C to 40 C Disk drive operating condition 10 C to 40 C Humidity at wet bulb temperature 29 C without condensation Disk drive non operating condition 15 to 95 RH Disk drive operating con...

Страница 342: ...3 1994 EN 61000 3 3 1995 Note When tested at 3 V m according to IEC 801 3 1984 the residual response will be within speci cations over the full immunity test frequency range of 27 MHz to 1000 MHz except when the analyzer frequency is identical to the transmitted interference signal test frequency This ISM device complies with Canadian ICES 001 Cet appareil ISM est conforme a la norme NMB 001 du Ca...

Страница 343: ...Common to Network Spectrum Impedance Measurement Figure 11 13 Rear View Figure 11 14 Side View Speci cations and Supplemental Characteristics 11 27 ...

Страница 344: ... test sets Procedure and blank worksheets are supplied to compute the total error corrected measurement uncertainty of a system These procedures combine the terms in the tables the uncertainty equation and the nominal S parameter data of the device under test Comparison of Typical Error Corrected Measurement Uncertainty Figure 11 15 through Figure 11 22 are examples of the measurement uncertainty ...

Страница 345: ...e ection Uncertainty of a One Port Device Figure 11 15 Total Re ection Magnitude Uncertainty of One Port Device Figure 11 16 Total Re ection Phase Uncertainty of One Port Device Speci cations and Supplemental Characteristics 11 29 ...

Страница 346: ... ection Uncertainty of a Two Port Device Figure 11 17 Total Re ections Magnitude Uncertainty of Two Port Device Figure 11 18 Total Re ection Phase Uncertainty of Two Port Device 11 30 Speci cations and Supplemental Characteristics ...

Страница 347: ...sion Uncertainty of a Low Loss Device Figure 11 19 Total Transmission Magnitude Uncertainty of a Low Loss Device Figure 11 20 Total Transmission Phase Uncertainty of a Low Loss Device Speci cations and Supplemental Characteristics 11 31 ...

Страница 348: ...y of a Wide Dynamic Range Device Figure 11 21 Total Transmission Magnitude Uncertainty of a Wide Dynamic Range Device Figure 11 22 Total Transmission Phase Uncertainty of a Wide Dynamic Range Device 11 32 Speci cations and Supplemental Characteristics ...

Страница 349: ...ion These are the errors that a ect transmission and re ection measurements Transmission Measurements Re ection Measurements Dynamic accuracy E ective switch port match E ective load match E ective source match Switch tracking Multiplexer switching Uncertainty Frequency error E ective crosstalk E ective transmission tracking Cable stability E ective directivity E ective re ection tracking Residual...

Страница 350: ...erms in both the re ection and transmission portions of the model Figure 11 23 4395A 85046A System Error Model Table 11 2 Parameters of System error Model A Dynamic Accuracy U Multiplexer Switching Uncertainty Am Magnitude Dynamic Accuracy Um Magnitude Multiplexer Switching Uncertainty Ap Phase Dynamic Accuracy Up Phase Multiplexer Switching Uncertainty Nl Noise Floor Ms Residual Source Match Nh H...

Страница 351: ...r absolute magnitudes Erm linear Vr S11Trd magnitude and Erm log 20log 1 6 Erm S11 where Vr Sr p W2 r X2 r Y2 r Z2 r Sr systematic error 1 Tsw D Sr1 Tsw Tr S11 Msw Ms Sr1 S2 11 Ml Sr2 Msw S21S12 Am Um S11 Wr random low level noise 3Nl Xr random high level noise 3NhS11 Yr random port1 repeatability Rr1 2Rt1S11 Rr1S2 11 Zr random port2 repeatability Rr2S21S12 Total Re ection Phase Uncertainty Erp Re...

Страница 352: ...s linear absolute magnitudes Etm linear Vt S21Ttd magnitude and Etm log 20log 1 6 Etm S21 where Vt St p W2 t X2 t Y2 t Z2 t St systematic error C Tsw Tt S21 Msw Ms Sr1 S11S21 Msw Ml Sr2 S21S22 Am Um S21 Wt random low level noise 3Nl Xt random high level noise 3NhS21 Yt random port1 repeatability Rt1S21 Rr1S11S21 Zt random port2 repeatability Rt2S21 Rr2S22S21 Total Transmission Phase Uncertainty Et...

Страница 353: ...ynamic Accuracy Typical magnitude dynamic accuracy can be expressed in the following equations Magnitude Dynamic Accuracy Ed1m Ed2m Ed3m Ed1m 1 39 21002 L2 Ed2m 1 73 21003 Ed3m 6 95 21007 L where L Measurement level linear relative to full scale level Ed1m Magnitude compression error dominant at high measurement level range Ed2m Magnitude residual error dominant at middle measurement level range E...

Страница 354: ...ing Relative Phase Dynamic Accuracy Error Contribution Typical dynamic accuracy error contribution to system performance is expressd bellow Phase dynamic accuracy error jEd1pMEAS 0 Ed1pREFj max Ed2pMEAS Ed2pREF Ed3pMEAS Ed3pREF where Su x ref means errors at calibration Su x meas means errors at DUT measurement Six example graphs are provided Figure 11 24 and Figure 11 25 show the typical magnitud...

Страница 355: ...or Contribution Figure 11 24 Typical Magnitude Dynamic Accuracy Error Reference Power Level Full Scale Figure 11 25 Typical Phase Dynamic Accuracy Error Reference Power Level Full Scale Speci cations and Supplemental Characteristics 11 39 ...

Страница 356: ...ion Figure 11 26 Typical Magnitude Dynamic Accuracy Error Reference Power Level 020 dB from Full Scale Figure 11 27 Typical Phase Dynamic Accuracy Error Reference Power Level 020 dB from Full Scale 11 40 Speci cations and Supplemental Characteristics ...

Страница 357: ...ion Figure 11 28 Typical Magnitude Dynamic Accuracy Error Reference Power Level 060 dB from Full Scale Figure 11 29 Typical Phase Dynamic Accuracy Error Reference Power Level 060 dB from Full Scale Speci cations and Supplemental Characteristics 11 41 ...

Страница 358: ...65 C from the ambient temperature Figure 11 30 and Figure 11 31 show total re ection magnitude and phase uncertainty with temperature drift following an S11 one port calibration Figure 11 32 and Figure 11 33 shows the total transmission magnitude and phase uncertainty with temperature drift following a full two port error correction The graphs apply to measurements up to 500 MHz 11 42 Speci cation...

Страница 359: ...ft Temperature Drift with S11 One Port Calibration Figure 11 30 Total Re ection Magnitude Uncertainty One Port Cal Figure 11 31 Total Refection Phase Uncertainty One Port Cal Speci cations and Supplemental Characteristics 11 43 ...

Страница 360: ...ature Drift with Full Two Port Calibration Figure 11 32 Total Transmission Magnitude Uncertainty Full Two Port Cal Figure 11 33 Total Transmission Phase Uncertainty Full Two Port Cal 11 44 Speci cations and Supplemental Characteristics ...

Страница 361: ...he following pages provides typical system performance for sytems using di erent test sets and di erent connector types The values listed are for uncorrected measurements and for corrected measurements after measurement calibration The linear value is shown in parenthesis with the dB value Speci cations and Supplemental Characteristics 11 45 ...

Страница 362: ...Accuracy Error See Dynamic Accuracy in Chapter 11 Um Up Multiplexer Switching Uncertainty Magnitude 60 002 dB 2 3 21004 Phase 0 015 degrees St1 Port1 Cable Trans Phase Stability5 0 05 2 f GHz degrees Sr1 Port1 Cable Re Stability5 070 dB 3 221004 St2 Port2 Cable Trans Phase Stability5 0 05 2 f GHz degrees Sr2 Port2 Cable Re Stability5 070 dB 3 221004 Ttd Trans Tracking Drift Magnitude 0 01 dB C 1 2...

Страница 363: ...racy Error See Dynamic Accuracy in Chapter 11 Um Up Multiplexer Switching Uncertainty Magnitude 60 002 dB 2 3 21004 Phase 0 015 degrees St1 Port1 Cable Trans Phase Stability5 0 05 2 f GHz degrees Sr1 Port1 Cable Re Stability5 070 dB 3 221004 St2 Port2 Cable Trans Phase Stability5 0 05 2 f GHz degrees Sr2 Port2 Cable Re Stability5 070 dB 3 221004 Ttd Trans Tracking Drift Magnitude 0 01 dB C 1 22100...

Страница 364: ...ccuracy Error See Dynamic Accuracy in Chapter 11 Um Up Multiplexer Switching Uncertainty Magnitude 60 002 dB 2 3 21004 Phase 0 015 degrees St1 Port1 Cable Trans Phase Stability5 0 05 2 f GHz degrees Sr1 Port1 Cable Re Stability5 070 dB 3 221004 St2 Port2 Cable Trans Phase Stability5 0 05 2 f GHz degrees Sr2 Port2 Cable Re Stability5 070 dB 3 221004 Ttd Trans Tracking Drift Magnitude 0 01 dB C 1 22...

Страница 365: ...ccuracy Error See Dynamic Accuracy in Chapter 11 Um Up Multiplexer Switching Uncertainty Magnitude 60 002 dB 2 3 21004 Phase 0 015 degrees St1 Port1 Cable Trans Phase Stability5 0 05 2 f GHz degrees Sr1 Port1 Cable Re Stability5 070 dB 3 221004 St2 Port2 Cable Trans Phase Stability5 0 05 2 f GHz degrees Sr2 Port2 Cable Re Stability5 070 dB 3 221004 Ttd Trans Tracking Drift Magnitude 0 01 dB C 1 22...

Страница 366: ...acy Error See Dynamic Accuracy in Chapter 11 Um Up Multiplexer Switching Uncertainty Magnitude 60 017 dB 2 0 21003 Phase 0 1 degrees St1 Port1 Cable Trans Phase Stability6 0 05 2 f GHz degrees Sr1 Port1 Cable Re Stability6 070 dB 3 221004 St2 Port2 Cable Trans Phase Stability6 0 05 2 f GHz degrees Sr2 Port2 Cable Re Stability6 070 dB 3 221004 Ttd Trans Tracking Drift Magnitude 0 01 dB C 1 121003 C...

Страница 367: ...degrees St1 Port1 Cable Trans Phase Stability4 0 052f GHz degrees Sr1 Port1 Cable Re Stability4 070 dB 3 221004 St2 Port2 Cable Trans Phase Stability4 0 052f GHz degrees Sr2 Port2 Cable Re Stability4 070 dB 3 221004 Ttd Trans Tracking Drift Magnitude 0 01 dB C 1 121003 C Phase 56 0 1 0 152f GHz degrees C Trd Re Tracking Drift Magnitude 0 01 dB C 1 121003 C Phase 56 0 1 0 152f GHz degrees C 1 Accur...

Страница 368: ...hen use the instructions and equations in the worksheets to combine the residual errors for total system uncertainty performance S parameter Values Convert the S parameters of the test device to their absolute linear terms Noise Floor See the Receiver Noise Level Performance Test in the Service Manual to determine the actual noise oor performance of your measurement setup Crosstalk See the Input C...

Страница 369: ... St2 Switch Tracking Tsw Switch Port Match Msw Magnitude Combine Systematic Errors In the space provided enter the appropriate linear values from the list of errors Then combine these errors to obtain the total sum of systematic errors 1 Tsw 2 D Sr1 2 k Tsw Tr 2S11 2 l Msw Sr1 Ms 2S112S11 2 2 m Msw Sr2 Ml 2S212S12 2 2 n Am Um 2 S11 2 o Subtotal k l m n o S Combine Random Errors In the space provid...

Страница 370: ... stability St1 St2 Switch Tracking Tsw Switch Port Match Msw Magnitude Combine Systematic Errors In the space provided enter the appropriate linear values from the list of errors Then combine these errors to obtain the total sum of systematic errors C k Tsw Tt 2 S21 2 l Msw Sr1 Ms 2S112S21 2 2 m Msw Sr2 Ml 2S212S22 2 2 n Am Um 2 S21 2 o Subtotal k l m n o S Combine Random Errors In the space provi...

Страница 371: ... are supplied with this option This option can be retro tted using the 4395U Upgrade Kit Option 1D7 Impedance Measurement Function Option 010 This option allows the capability of impedance measurement function This option can be retro tted using the 43961A Impedance Test Kit This option can be retro tted using the 4396U Upgrade Kit Option 010 Handle Kit Option 1CN This option is a rack mount kit c...

Страница 372: ...87512B Active Probes 41800A Active Probe 5 Hz to 500 MHz This is a high input impedance probe for in circuit measurements that cover the frequency range of 5 Hz to 500 MHz 41802A 1 M Input Adapter 5 Hz to 100 MHz This adapter allows use of a high impedance probe It has a frequency range of 5 Hz to 100 MHz 1141A Di erential Probe This is an FET di erential probe with 200 MHz bandwidth and 3000 1 cm...

Страница 373: ...est Port Return Cable Set These are a pair of test port return cables for use with the 87511B S parameter test set 11851B 50 Type N RF Cable Set This kit contains the three phase matched 50 type N cables necessary to connect the 87512A transmission re ection test kits or a power splitter to the analyzer It also contains an RF cable used to return the transmitted signal of a two port device to the ...

Страница 374: ...Measurement accessories available 11855A 75 Type N Adapter Kit 11856A 75 BNC Adapter Kit 12 4 Accessories and Options ...

Страница 375: ...rinting HP DeskJet 340J p p HP DeskJet 505 p HP DeskJet 560C p p HP DeskJet 694C p p HP DeskJet 850C p p HP DeskJet 1200 p p p HP DeskJet 1600CM p p p GPIB cable An GPIB cable is required to interface the analyzer with a computer or other external instrument The following cables are available 10833A 1 m 10833B 2 m 10833C 3 m 10833D 0 5 m External Monitors The analyzer can control the built in LCD ...

Страница 376: ......

Страница 377: ...yzer Basic Network Measurement Basic S parameters Conversion Smith Chart Polar Chart Electrical Delay Averaging IF Band Reduction Group Delay Spectrum Analyzer Basic Detection Mode Swept and FFT Mode Resolution Bandwidth rbw Selectivity of the RBW Noise Measurement Gated Sweep for Spectrum Measurement Measurement and Display Points Limit Line Concept Marker GPIB Calibration for Network Measurement...

Страница 378: ...ignal is applied to a receiver through an input attenuator The spectrum analyzer consists of an input attenuator a receiver and a display Impedance analyzer mode is available with option 010 and requires the 43961A RF impedance test kit as well In impedance analyzer mode the 4395A applies test signals to the DUT through the impedance test kit and determines the impedance characteristics of the DUT...

Страница 379: ...three data processing ow paths one is for network analyzer mode another for spectrum analyzer mode and the other is for impedance analyzer mode The data ow is automatically changed when analyzer mode is changed Figure A 2 Figure A 3 and Figure A 4 provide data processing ow diagrams that represent the ow of numerical data from IF detection to display The data passes through several math operations...

Страница 380: ...shape can be altered by selecting the IF bandwidth in Hz from the 10 30 100 300 1 k 3 k 10 k and 40 k choices Changing the lter shape is a highly e ective technique for noise reduction Ratio Calculations These calculations are performed if the selected measurement is a ratio of two inputs for example A R or B R This is simply a complex divide operation If the selected measurement is absolute for e...

Страница 381: ...rrays themselves are created during a measurement calibration using data from the raw data arrays These are subsequently used whenever correction is on and are accessible via GPIB or using the internal disk drive or the memory disk Data Arrays The results of error correction are stored in the data arrays as complex number pairs These arrays are accessible via GPIB or by using the internal disk dri...

Страница 382: ...constant from them Data Trace Arrays The results are stored in the data trace arrays It is important to note those marker values and marker functions are all derived from the data trace arrays Limit testing is also performed on this array The data trace arrays are accessible via GPIB or using the internal disk drive or the memory disk Memory Trace Arrays If the data to memory operation is performe...

Страница 383: ...is function reduces the sampling rate to resolve the spectrum closer than the frequency resolution which is decided by an inherent sampling rate and nite sampling number Fast Fourier Transform fft This operation transforms a time domain signal into a frequency domain data using the Fast Fourier Transform Basic Measurement Theory A 7 ...

Страница 384: ...sk drive or the memory disk In spectrum analyzer mode row data arrays hold only the real number part of values Memory Arrays If the data to memory operation is performed using the NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DATA MEMORY softkey the data arrays are copied into the memory arrays data trace arrays are also copied into the memory trace arrays at same time These arrays are accessible using th...

Страница 385: ...e arrays hold only the real number part of data Memory Trace Array Refer to Memory Trace Array under Data Processing for Network Measurement in this chapter Note that in spectrum analyzer mode memory trace arrays hold only the real number part of data Scaling Refer to Scaling under Data Processing for Network Measurement in this chapter Basic Measurement Theory A 9 ...

Страница 386: ...ng for Impedance Measurement Digital Filter Refer to Digital Filter under Data Processing for Network Measurement in this chapter Voltage Current Ratio This is simply a complex divide operation The R and A values are split into channel data at this point A 10 Basic Measurement Theory ...

Страница 387: ...to the xture These arrays are directly accessible via GPIB or using the internal disk drive or the memory disk Data Arrays The results of xture compensation are stored in the data arrays as complex number pairs These arrays are accessible via GPIB or by using the internal disk drive or the memory disk Memory Arrays If the data to memory operation is performed using the NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 388: ...Array Refer to Data Trace Array under Data Processing for Network Measurement in this chapter Memory Trace Array Refer to Memory Trace Array under Data Processing for Network Measurement in this chapter Scaling Refer to Scaling under Data Processing for Network Measurement in this chapter A 12 Basic Measurement Theory ...

Страница 389: ...e signal is emerging and the second number in is the port where the signal is incident For example the S parameter S21 identi es the measurement as the complex ratio of the signal emerging at port 2 to the signal incident at port 1 Figure A 5 is a representation of the S parameters of a two port device together with an equivalent ow graph In the illustration a represents the signal entering the de...

Страница 390: ...epending on the measurement con guration An S11 or S22 trace measured as re ection can be converted to an equivalent parallel impedance or admittance using the model and equations shown in Figure A 6 Figure A 6 Re ection Impedance and Admittance Conversions In a transmission measurement the data can be converted to its equivalent series impedance or admittance using the model and equations shown i...

Страница 391: ...r to the mechanical or analog line stretchers of conventional network analyzers Delay is annotated in units of time with secondary labeling in electrical length associated with equivalent length of the transmission line if a value for NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN VELOCITY FACTOR see below is speci ed To obtain the characteristics of the DUT itself free of the in uence of interco...

Страница 392: ...ponses such as spurs odd harmonics higher frequency spectral noise and line related noise Sweep to sweep averaging however is better at ltering out very low frequency noise A tenfold reduction in IF bandwidth from 200 Hz to 20 Hz for example lowers the measurement noise oor by about 10 dB Another di erence between sweep to sweep averaging and variable IF bandwidth is the sweep time Averaging displ...

Страница 393: ... order components are interpreted as variations in transit time for di erent frequencies and represent a source of signal distortion Figure A 9 Figure A 9 Higher Order Phase Shift The 4395A computes group delay from the phase slope Phase data is used to nd the phase deviation 1 at the center point of a speci ed frequency aperture 1f to obtain an approximation for the rate of change of phase with f...

Страница 394: ...ay data it is important to know the aperture used to make the measurement Figure A 11 Variations in Frequency Aperture In determining the group delay aperture there is a tradeo between resolution of ne detail and the e ects of noise Noise can be reduced by increasing the aperture but this will tend to smooth out the ne detail More detail will become visible as the aperture is decreased but the noi...

Страница 395: ...used to measure noise level Swept Spectrum Analyzers versus FFT Analyzers Usually two analyzers are used to analyze waveforms transformed from the time domain test signal to the frequency domain one is a swept spectrum analyzer and the other is an FFT analyzer When measuring signals over a wide frequency span with a wide RBW swept spectrum analyzers are better than FFT analyzers This is true becau...

Страница 396: ...Spectrum Measurement Basics Figure A 12 Swept Spectrum Analyzers versus Step FFT Analyzers A 20 Basic Measurement Theory ...

Страница 397: ... set to smaller than the di erence of frequency between the signals To resolve small adjacent signals the resolution bandwidth must be set so that the small signal is not hidden by the large signals as shown in Figure A 13 Figure A 13 Resolving Small Adjacent Signal Because the 4395A uses a digital lter technique the selectivity of the analyzer is better smaller than a conventional spectrum analyz...

Страница 398: ...lized even if the format is the spectrum Sample Detection Mode for Noise Measurement For noise measurement the sample detection mode is best Because the power of noise is uniformly distributed over frequency it is not necessary to measure all the frequencies between the display points It is su cient to measure only the display points This is why the sample detection mode is used for noise measurem...

Страница 399: ... From Impedance Conversion in the Network Analyzer Mode The network analyzer part of the 4395A has an impedance conversion feature that converts the re ection coe cient to impedance The re ection is determined by the impedance of the DUT Z R0 1 0 0 1 0 01 0 1 If the DUT impedance is equal to the characteristic impedance there is no re ection When the impedance is an in nite value like OPEN the all...

Страница 400: ...pedance with constant accuracy This is the major advantage of the I V method The 4395A when combined with the 43961A uses a RF I V measurement method to measure the impedance of a DUT at higher frequencies While the RF I V measurement method is based on the same principal as the I V measurement method it is possible to operate at higher frequencies by using an impedance matched measurement circuit...

Страница 401: ...ort receiver that measures a voltage VI voltmeter is A port receiver that measures a voltage of R0 to obtain a current Test Signal Level at DUT The test signal level actually applied to the DUT depends on the test signal level from the 4395A the output impedance the insertion loss of the Impedance Test Kit and the impedance of the DUT Figure A 16 shows the simpli ed equivalent circuit of the 4395A...

Страница 402: ...T VSET 2 ZDUT ZDUT R0 V Where VDUT Voltage level that is actually applied to the DUT VSET Voltage level that is set See below ZDUT Impedance of the DUT R0 Input impedance 50 The 4395A de nes the output level as the level when the RF OUT port is 50 terminated Therefore you can calculate the voltage from dBm VSET q 10 PSET 10 2 0 001 2 R0 Where PSET Output power setting level dBm A 26 Basic Measurem...

Страница 403: ...he display points speci ed by NOP In a spectrum measurement the analyzer measures all the frequencies between the display points except for sampling detection mode This is done so that the analyzer can detect spectrums existing between the display points Figure A 17 Measurement Points and Display Points Basic Measurement Theory A 27 ...

Страница 404: ...s whether or not the channels are coupled Trigger source List sweep table Calibration kit type and data The following parameters are always set for each channel independently whether or not the channels are coupled Measurement parameter Display Format Title Traces displayed Scale value Electrical delay Phase o set Averaging on o factor Linking of sweep parameter values for the two channels is inde...

Страница 405: ...est condition is indicated in the following ways Displaying a FAIL message on the screen Emitting a beep Displaying an asterisk in tabular listings of data Writing a bit into GPIB event status register B for more information on GPIB event status registers refer to 4395A Programming Guide Limits are entered in tabular form Limit lines and limit testing can be either on or off while limits are de ne...

Страница 406: ...nt 3 is at 3 MHz with the same limit value as segment 2 to obtain a at limit lines Segment 4 is at 4 MHz with upper and lower limit values of 15 dB and 015 dB changing the limit values gradually Notice the upper and lower limit lines start at the segment and continue until the stop frequency 5 MHz Note Limit lines cannot be cut Therefore when limit lines are needed partially along the sweep parame...

Страница 407: ... of points it is possible for a device to be out of speci cation without a limit test failure indication To avoid this be sure to specify a high enough number of points In addition if speci c sweep parameter points must be checked use the list sweep features described in Reducing Sweep Time Using List Sweep in Chapter 9 so that the actual measured data points are checked Displaying Printing or Plo...

Страница 408: ...yed channel in units appropriate to the display format The displayed marker measurement values are valid even when the measured data is above or below the range displayed on the graticule When marker list is turned on sweep parameter values and measurement values of all markers are listed on the graticule In a polar Smith or admittance chart format auxiliary measurement values of all markers are a...

Страница 409: ... values of all or part of the trace Width Function The bandwidth search feature analyzes a bandpass or band reject trace and calculates the center point bandwidth and Q quality factor for the speci ed bandwidth These parameters depend on the 1marker mode The following table shows how each parameter is determined for each 1marker mode Table A 1 Obtaining Parameters in 1 Marker Mode Parameter Tracki...

Страница 410: ...Markers Figure A 19 Bandwidth Search Example A 34 Basic Measurement Theory ...

Страница 411: ...e search functions search for a peak where the parameters of the peak match the following conditions The search functions search for a peak where the parameters of the peak match the following conditions 1Y 1X2SPAN NOP01 min 1yL 1yR and Threshold Peak Amplitude Value where 1yL 1yR are the di erence in amplitude value between a peak and the adjacent measurement points on both sides That is the sear...

Страница 412: ...L 1yR are the di erence in amplitude value between a peak and the adjacent local minimum point 1yTH is the di erence between a peak and the threshold value That is the search functions search for a peak where the di erence of amplitude between the peak and the smaller of the adjacent local minimum points is greater than 1Y and the di erence between the peak and the threshold is greater than 1Y The...

Страница 413: ...e bus structure in which up to 15 devices can be connected on one contiguous bus The interface consists of 16 signal lines and 6 grounded lines in a shielded cable With this cabling system many di erent types of devices including instruments computers plotters and printers can be connected in parallel Every GPIB device must be capable of performing one or more of the following interface functions ...

Страница 414: ... time The active controller can pass control to another controller but only one system controller is allowed GPIB Capabilities of the 4395A As de ned by the IEEE 488 1 standard the analyzer has the following capabilities SH1 Full source handshake AH1 Full acceptor handshake T6 Basic talker answers serial poll unadresses if MLA is issued No talk only mode TE0 Does not have extended address of talke...

Страница 415: ... This is the traditional programming mode in which the computer is involved in all peripheral access operations When the external controller is connected to the analyzer through GPIB as shown in Figure A 22 this mode allows you to control the analyzer over GPIB in the talker mode in order to send data and in the listener mode to receive commands It also allows the analyzer to take or pass control ...

Страница 416: ...zer can contribute an error equal to the transmission signal of a high loss test device For re ection measurements the primary limitation of dynamic range is the directivity of the test setup The measurement system cannot distinguish the true value of the signal re ected by the DUT from the signal arriving at the receiver input due to leakage in the system For both transmission and re ection measu...

Страница 417: ...rmally a device that can separate the reverse from the forward traveling waves a directional bridge or coupler detects the signal re ected from the DUT Ideally the coupler would completely separate the incident and re ected signals and only the re ected signal would appear at the coupled output Figure A 23 a Figure A 23 Directivity However an actual coupler is not perfect Figure A 23 b A small amo...

Страница 418: ...s in dB therefore the larger the number the smaller the error In a re ection measurement the source match error signal is caused by some of the re ected signal from the DUT being re ected from the source back toward the DUT and re re ected from the DUT Figure A 24 In a transmission measurement the source match error signal is caused by re ection from the test device that is re re ected from the so...

Страница 419: ...all transmission measurements and in re ection measurements of two port devices Load match and source match are usually ignored when the test device insertion loss is greater than about 6 dB This happens because the error signal is greatly attenuated each time it passes through the DUT However load match e ects produce major transmission measurement errors for a test device with a highly re ective...

Страница 420: ...ent of well matched low loss devices This is the simplest error correction to perform and should be used when extreme measurement accuracy is not required The Response and Isolation Calibration e ectively removes frequency response and crosstalk errors in transmission measurements or frequency response and directivity errors in re ection measurements This procedure may be adequate for measurement ...

Страница 421: ...e o set SHORTs instead of an OPEN SHORT and LOAD to perform a 1 port calibration You want to improve the built in standard models for prede ned kits Remember that the more closely the model describes the actual performance of the standard the better the calibration Example The 7 mm LOAD is determined to be 50 4 instead of 50 0 Unused standards for a given cal type can be eliminated from the defaul...

Страница 422: ...calibration when an arc in the lower right circumference of the Smith chart indicates capacitive reactance These e ects are impossible to eliminate but the calibration kit models include the OPEN termination capacitance at all frequencies for compatible calibration kits The capacitance model is a second order polynomial squared term as a function of frequency where the polynomial coe cients are us...

Страница 423: ...mittivity constant of the medium and the speed of light O et Loss speci es energy loss due to skin e ect along a one way length of coaxial cable o set The value of loss is entered as ohms nanosecond or Giga ohms second at 1 GHz O set Z0 speci es the characteristic impedance of the coaxial cable o set This is not the impedance of the standard itself Note Numerical data for most Agilent Technologies...

Страница 424: ...rd This does not however mean that all standards in a class must be measured during calibration Only a single standard per class is required Note that it is often simpler to keep the number of standards per class to the bare minimum needed often one to avoid confusion during calibration Standards are assigned to a class simply by entering the standard s reference number established while de ning a...

Страница 425: ...signal I from the re ected signal R then taking the ratio of the two values Figure A 27 Ideally R consists only of the signal re ected by the test device S11A Figure A 27 Re ection Coe cient Directivity Error However all of the incident signal does not always reach the unknown see Figure A 28 Some of I may appear at the measurement system input due to leakage through the test set or other signal s...

Страница 426: ...duces this error but because the source cannot be exactly leveled at the test device input leveling cannot eliminate all power variations This re re ection e ect and the resultant incident power variation are caused by the source match error ESF Figure A 29 Figure A 29 Source Match ESF Frequency response error Frequency response tracking error is caused by variations in magnitude and phase atness ...

Страница 427: ... The rst standard applied is a perfect load that makes S11A 0 and essentially measures directivity Figure A 31 Perfect load implies a re ection free termination at the measurement plane All incident energy is absorbed With S11A 0 the equation can be solved for EDF the directivity term In practice of course the perfect load is di cult to achieve although very good broadband LOADs are available in t...

Страница 428: ...tion The OPEN gives the third independent condition In order to accurately model the phase variation with frequency due to radiation from the OPEN connector a specially designed shielded OPEN is used for this step The OPEN capacitance is di erent with each connector type Now the values for EDF directivity ESF source match and ERF re ection frequency response are computed and stored Figure A 34 A 5...

Страница 429: ...ency S11A can be computed as follows S11A S11M 0EDF ESF S11M 0EDF ERF For re ection measurements on two port devices the same technique can be applied but the test device output port must be terminated in the system characteristic impedance This termination should be at least as good have as low a re ection coe cient as the LOAD used to determine directivity The additional re ection error caused b...

Страница 430: ...y of power emerging at the test device output Figure A 37 Transmission Coe cient Load Match Error As in the re ection model source match can cause the incident signal to vary as a function of test device S11A Also because the test setup transmission return port is never exactly the characteristic impedance some of the transmitted signal is re ected from the test set port 2 and from other mismatche...

Страница 431: ...measuring the re ection coe cient of the THRU connection Transmission signal path frequency response is then measured with the THRU connected The data is corrected for source and load match e ects then stored as transmission frequency response ETF Isolation Errors Isolation EXF represents the part of the incident signal that appears at the receiver without actually passing through the test device ...

Страница 432: ... The 87512A B Transmission Re ection Test kits cannot switch between forward and reverse directions so the reverse error terms cannot be automatically measured Therefore with the one path two port calibration the forward error terms are duplicated and used for both forward and reverse measurements by manually reversing the test device Figure A 40 Full Two Port Error Model The following equations s...

Страница 433: ...21M0EXF ETF S12M0EXR ETR ELF ELR S22A S22M0EDR ERR h 1 S11M0EDF ERF ESF i 0 S21M0EXF ETF S12M0EXR ETR ELR 1 S11M0EDF ERF ESF 1 S22M0EDR ERR ESR 0 S21M0EXF ETF S12M0EXR ETR ELF ELR In addition to the errors removed by accuracy enhancement other systematic errors exist due to limitations of dynamic accuracy test set switch repeatability and test cable stability These combined with random errors also...

Страница 434: ...ry disk should be used to store temporary tentative data and instrument states and to store or retrieve data quickly Note Use the built in exible disk to store important data because the memory disk data is lost when the power is turned o Disk Requirements The analyzer s disk drive uses a 720 Kbyte or 1 44 Mbyte 3 5 inch micro exible disk Disk Formats The analyzer s built in disk drive can access ...

Страница 435: ... internal data arrays note that ASCII data les cannot be recalled on the analyzer If you need to recall the data save the le in binary format This binary data can be recalled and saved as an ASCII le at any time Data Groups Instrument States and Internal Data Arrays STATE This group consists of the instrument states that include raw calibration coe cients network analyzer only the data arrays and ...

Страница 436: ...Image File Format format The TIFF format is used in a wide range of drawing software programs in binary format only File Type and Data Group Combinations You can select and save to a disk one of the following four combinations of the two le types and the four data groups Binary File Instrument states and internal data arrays STATE Internal data arrays DATA ONLY binary Graphics image GRAPHICS ASCII...

Страница 437: ...LIF Extensions for DOS Instrument States and Internal Data Arrays FFFFFFFFFFFFFF STATE _S STA Internal Data Arrays FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF DATA ONLY binary _D DTA Internal Data Arrays as an ASCII File FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF DATA ONLY ASCII _I TXT Graphics Image as an TIFF File FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF GRAPHICS _T TIF Auto Recall Function When the 4395A is t...

Страница 438: ...one byte switch is either 1 or 0 decimal value if the applicable data group exists or not respectively The data group to be followed is in the same order of these switches For example when the data switches RAW DATA and DATA TRACE are 1 on while the others are off only the RAW DATA and DATA TRACE in this order groups will follow the header Data Group Data group of each channel begins with a header...

Страница 439: ...this order Figure A 43 RAW Data Group Structure for the Spectrum Analyzer CAL of the network analyzer consists of 12 data segments by a channel as shown in Figure A 44 The rst half of the segments are for channel 1 and the second half of the segments are for channel 2 The contents of each segment depend on the type of calibration performed CAL data is available for only the network analyzer Basic ...

Страница 440: ...r Figure A 45 CAL Data Group Structure for the Spectrum Analyzer DATA consists of a header and a data segment by a channel MEMORY consists of a header and a data segment by a channel DATA TRACE consists of a header and a data segment by a channel A 64 Basic Measurement Theory ...

Страница 441: ...is a two byte INTEGER value This number is equal to the number of complex or real data that follows the NOP DATA is a set of the values for each measurement point The values are IEEE 754 double precision oating number When the network analyzer mode is selected the values are two numbers the rst value is the real part the second value is the imaginary part The data size in bytes can be determined b...

Страница 442: ...consists of three parts the state part the title line and the data part State The state part consists of the following instrument states Channel number Title on the screen Measurement type Format type and Unit Number of points Sweep time Sweep type Source power or CW frequency IF or RBW and VBW bandwidth Title The title part consists of the data array names saved Data array names are described in ...

Страница 443: ...saved 2 This line is listed when the title is de ned displayed 3 Shows the power level of the source for a frequency sweep If power sweep is selected the CW frequency is listed for example CW FREQ 100 MHz 4 means tab code Data is separated by the tab code 5 This line lists the names of the data array saved in this le Titles used in the ASCII les are shown in Table A 7 through Table A 10 6 Each lin...

Страница 444: ...ctive Channel end of le Dual Channel ON Status Block Data Block of Channel 1 Status Block Data Block of Channel 2 Data Array Names for the Spectrum Analyzer Data array names are used in the title line of the data block Each data array of the spectrum analyzer has one name Table A 7 lists all names Table A 7 Data Groups and Data Array Names for Spectrum Analyzer Data Groups Data Array Names Descrip...

Страница 445: ...cted Memory arrays Data Trace Data Trace Real Data Trace Imag Data Trace arrays Memory Trace Memory Trace Real Memory Trace Imag Memory Trace arrays 1 For more information on calibration see Calibration for Network Measurement Calibration data is available for only network analyzer mode 2 When response calibration is used 3 When response and isolation calibration are used 4 When 1 port calibration...

Страница 446: ...libration Type CAL Data Saved Error Terms1 Response Cal 1 Real Cal 1 Imag Er or Et Response and Isolation Cal 1 Real Cal 1 Imag Ex or Ed Cal 2 Real Cal 2 Imag Et or Er 1 port Calibration Cal 1 Real Cal 1 Imag Ed Cal 2 Real Cal 2 Imag Es Cal 3 Real Cal 3 Imag Er 2 port Calibration Cal 1 Real Cal 1 Imag Edf Cal 2 Real Cal 2 Imag Esf Cal 3 Real Cal 3 Imag Erf Cal 4 Real Cal 4 Imag Exf Cal 5 Real Cal ...

Страница 447: ... information about the save le format of the calibration and the xture compensation coe cients CAL Data Group This group consists of the calibration and the xture compensation coe cients data segements by a channel as shown in Figure A 47 The rst half of the segments are for channel 1 and the second half of the segments are for channel 2 The contents of each segment depend on the type of calibrati...

Страница 448: ......

Страница 449: ...B Softkey Reference Softkey Reference B 1 ...

Страница 450: ...WD S11 A R Con gures the S parameter test set to measure S11 the complex re ection coe cient magnitude and phase of the DUT input Trans FWD S21 B R Con guresCon gures the S parameter test set for measurement of S21 the complex forward transmission coe cient magnitude and phase of the DUT Trans REV S12 A R Con gures the S parameter test set to measure S12 the complex reverse transmission coe cient ...

Страница 451: ...yzer SPECTRUM R Measures the spectrum at input R A Measures the spectrum at input A B Measures the spectrum at input B DETECTION POSITIVE Displays the detection menu that is used to select the type of detection mode positive negative or sample mode The detection mode de ned is shown in brackets under the softkey label DETECTION POS PEAK Selects positive peak mode as the detection technique for dis...

Страница 452: ...ASE 0 Measures phase value of re ection coe cient REAL 0x Measures real part of re ection coe cient 0x IMAG 0y Measures imaginary part of re ection coe cient 0y MORE 3 5 Displays the Impedance Measurement Menu 4 5 FIXTURE NONE See Fixture menu ANALYZER TYPE See Analyzer type menu ZA More menu 4 5 Selects a capacitance or inductance as the measurement parameter CAPCITNCE PRL Cp Measures parallel ca...

Страница 453: ...6194 Sets the electrical length that is suitable for the 16194A USER Sets the electrical length which is a user de ned value RETURN SAVE USER FXTR KIT Saves electrical length and label as a user de ned xture MODIFY NONE Displays the Modify User Fixture Menu which are used to de ne the electrical length and label of a selected xture DEFINE EXTENTION Sets the extension value of the user xture LABEL ...

Страница 454: ...Selects the unit for phase measurement as DEG degree or RAD radian The unit selected is shown in brackets EXP PHASE ON o Turns the expanded phase ON or OFF PHASE UNIT DEG Selects the unit for phase measurement as DEG degree or RAD radian The unit selected is shown in brackets EXP PHASE ON o Turns the expanded phase ON or OFF Spectrum Analyzer FORMAT SPECTRUM Activates a spectrum measurement NOISE ...

Страница 455: ...splayed using DATA OVERLAY RETURN DATA HOLD OFF Displays the following menu to specify the data hold function setting The selected option is shown in brackets in the softkey label Changing the option will clear the data which is currently held HOLD OFF Turns o the hold function MAX Holds the maximum values at each display point MIN Holds the minimum values at each display point RETURN DATA MATH DA...

Страница 456: ... the title in the active channel title area on the screen ADJUST DISPLAY See Adjust display menu FREQUENCY BLANK Blanks the displayed frequency notation for security purposes Frequency labels cannot be restored except by pressing 4Preset5 or by turning the power o and then on RETURN ZA Display more menu SPLIT DISP ON o Toggles between a full screen single graticule display of one or both channels ...

Страница 457: ... parameters for the selected equivalent circuit PARAMETER R1 Sets R1 value C1 Sets C1 value L1 Sets L1 value C0 Sets C0 value SIMULATE F CHRST Simulates the frequency characteristics by using the current equivalent circuit parameters and shows simulation results on the screen using memory trace In other words simulation results are stored into the memory trace RETURN CALCULATE EQV PARAMS Calculate...

Страница 458: ...or color modi cation for example softkey labels and displays the color adjust menu IBASIC Selects the text on the BASIC screen for color modi cation and displays the color adjust menu MORE PEN 1 Selects pen 1 for color modi cation and displays the color adjust menu PEN 2 Selects pen 2 for color modi cation and displays the color adjust menu PEN 3 Selects pen 3 for color modi cation and displays th...

Страница 459: ...olar and admittance chart formats the reference value is the same as the scale and is the value of the outer circle MKR REFERENCE Makes the reference value equal to the marker s absolute value regardless of the delta marker value The marker is e ectively moved to the reference line position In Smith polar and admittance chart formats this function makes the full scale value at the outer circle equ...

Страница 460: ...or value dB Reference value 0 20dB RETURN Impedance Analyzer AUTO SCALE Brings the trace data de ned by the SCALE FOR key in view on the display with one keystroke Sweep values are not a ected only scale and reference values The analyzer determines the smallest possible scale factor that will put all displayed data onto the vertical graticule SCALE DIV Changes the response value scale per division...

Страница 461: ... menu This is valid only for those traces obtained by the display menu accessed from the 4Display5 key MORE AUTO SCALE Brings the trace data de ned by the SCALE FOR key in view on the display with one keystroke Sweep values are not a ected only scale and reference values The analyzer determines the smallest possible scale factor that will put all displayed data onto the vertical graticule SCALE DI...

Страница 462: ...4Bw Avg5 B 14 Softkey Reference ...

Страница 463: ...an error message RES BW Selects the bandwidth value for resolution bandwidth reduction RBW SPAN RATIO Makes the RBW SPAN ratio the active function The RBW SPAN ratio speci es resolution bandwidth in AUTO mode VBW TYPE LIN Selects one of the Linear and logarithm types of the post detection lter VBW LIN The Linear type of VBW is selected The analyzer enters the power linear value to be measured to t...

Страница 464: ...ding S parameters EXTENSION INPUT A Adds electrical delay to the input A reference plane for all A input measurements including S parameters EXTENSION INPUT B Adds electrical delay to the input B reference plane for all B input measurements including S parameters EXTENSION PORT 1 Extends the reference plane for measurements of S11 S21 and S12 EXTENSION PORT 2 Extends the reference plane for measur...

Страница 465: ...ion calibration It is the most accurate calibration procedure for re ection only measurements Three standard devices are required a SHORT an OPEN and an impedance matched LOAD The procedure for performing an S11 one port calibration is described in the Performing an S11 1 Port Calibration in Chapter 7 S11 OPEN When the cal kit is a 7 mm or 3 5 mm cal kit this softkey measures the OPEN standard and...

Страница 466: ...N REFLECT N DONE Completes the re ection calibration for the full 2 port calibration The error coe cients are computed and stored Full 2 Port menu is displayed with the REFLECT N softkey underlined If this key is pressed without measuring all the required standards the message CAUTION ADDITIONAL STANDARDS NEEDED is displayed TRANS MISSION Starts the transmission calibration and displays the menu t...

Страница 467: ...re ection calibration for the one path 2 port calibration The error coe cients are computed and stored One path 2 Port menu is displayed with the REFLECT N softkey underlined If this key is pressed without measuring all the required standards the message CAUTION ADDITIONAL STANDARDS NEEDED is displayed TRANS MISSION Starts the transmission calibration and displays the menu that measures frequency ...

Страница 468: ...andard of type N cal kits connected to the type N male test port connector for the response calibration M indicates that the test port connector is male it does not indicate the connector type of the standard calibration OPEN F Measures OPEN standard of type N cal kits connected to the type N female test port connector for the response calibration F indicates that the test port connector is female...

Страница 469: ...ibration and computes and stores the error coe cients The correction menu is displayed with CORRECTION ON SHORT standard menu SHORT M Measures SHORT standard of type N cal kits connected to the type N male test port connector for the response calibration M indicates that the test port connector is male it does not indicate the connector type of the standard SHORT F Measures SHORT standard of type ...

Страница 470: ...AD calibration and computes and stores the error coe cients The correction menu is displayed with CORRECTION ON THRU standard menu These softkeys measure the standard de ned by the user for the THRU calibration When only one standard is assigned to the THRU calibration this softkey menu is not displayed and the standard is measured immediately de ned std 1 de ned std 2 de ned std 3 de ned std 4 de...

Страница 471: ... 5 LOAD NA ZA Standard type menu Selects standard No 5 as the standard de nition The standard type you selected is shown in the softkey label enclosed with brackets STD NO 6 LOAD NA ZA Standard type menu Selects standard No 6 as the standard de nition The standard type you selected is shown in the softkey label enclosed with brackets STD NO 7 SHORT NA ZA Standard type menu Selects standard No 7 as...

Страница 472: ...menu to de ne the label for the rst class required for an S11 1 port calibration S11B Displays the letter menu to de ne the label for the second class required for an S11 1 port calibration S11C Displays the letter menu to de ne the label for the third class required for an S11 1 port calibration LABEL S22A Displays the letter menu to de ne the label for the rst class required for an S22 1 port ca...

Страница 473: ...luding o sets LOAD De nes the standard type as a LOAD termination LOADs are assigned a terminal impedance equal to the system characteristic impedance Z0 However delay and loss o sets can still be added If the LOAD impedance is not Z0 use the arbitrary impedance standard de nition SPECIFY OFFSET NA ZA Specify o set menu Displays the specify o set menu that de nes o sets in delay loss and standard ...

Страница 474: ...s used to perform the xture compensation measurement in order to reduce measurement errors existing in the test xture COMPEN MENU Displays the Compensation Operation Menu which are used to perform a xture compensation measurement OPEN Measures OPEN for the xture compensation SHORT Measures SHORT standard for the xture compensation LOAD Measures LOAD standard for the xture compensation DONE COMPEN ...

Страница 475: ... brackets STD NO 7 SHORT Selects standard No 7 as the standard de nition The standard type you selected is shown in the softkey label enclosed with brackets STD NO 8 OPEN Selects standard No 8 as the standard de nition The standard type you selected is shown in the softkey label enclosed with brackets SPECIFY CLASS Displays Specify Class Menu SPECIFY IMP A Enters the standard numbers for the rst c...

Страница 476: ...HORT and LOAD KIT DONE MODIFIED Completes the procedure to de ne user de ned OPEN SHORT and LOAD for xture compensation RETURN MORE PORT EXTENSION Displays the Port Extensions Menu that is used to extend the apparent location of the measurement reference plane EXTENSION ON o Turns port extension ON or OFF When this function is ON all extensions de ned below are enabled when OFF none of the extensi...

Страница 477: ...this mode power is swept at a single frequency from a start power value to a stop power value Values are selected using the 4START5 and 4STOP5 keys and the entry block EDIT LIST Displays the following softkeys to de ne or modify the frequency sweep list SEGMENT Determines a segment on the list to be modi ed Enter the number of a segment in the list or use the step keys to scroll the pointer at the...

Страница 478: ...top value to the sweep parameter value of the marker MKR CENTER Changes the CENTER to the marker s sweep parameter value RETURN MORE NUMBER of POINTS Sets the number of data points per sweep POWER Sets the power level segment by segment IF BW Sets the IF bandwidth segment by segment DC VOLTAGE Sets DC voltage for the DC SOURCE port segment by segment DC CURRENT Sets DC current for the DC SOURCE po...

Страница 479: ... de ne or modify the frequency sweep list SEGMENT Determines a segment on the list to be modi ed Enter the number of a segment in the list or use the step keys to scroll the pointer at the left to the required segment number The indicated segment can then be edited or deleted EDIT See SA segment menu Provides the segment menu for network analyzer The segment indicated by the pointer at the left ca...

Страница 480: ...e of the marker MKR STOP Sets the sweep parameter stop value to the sweep parameter value of the marker MKR CENTER Changes the CENTER to the marker s sweep parameter value RETURN MORE NUMBER of POINTS Sets the number of data points per sweep RES BW Sets the IF bandwidth segment by segment DC VOLTAGE Sets DC voltage for the DC SOURCE port segment by segment DC CURRENT Sets DC current for the DC SOU...

Страница 481: ...d value is regarded as an absolute value DC OUT ON o Turns the DC SOURCE port ON or OFF Spectrum Analyzer POWER Activates the power level function and sets the RF output power level of the analyzer s internal source The allowable range is 070 dBm to 20 dBm RF OUT o ON Toggles the signal output on the RF OUT port ON or OFF In the network analyzer mode if the RF output is turned OFF the status notat...

Страница 482: ...n is available in the network analyzer mode only When in the spectrum analyzer mode this softkey does not appear on the menu ON POINT Shows the analyzer triggers each data point in a sweep ON SWEEP Shows the analyzer triggers a sweep TRIG PLRTY POS neg Selects the trigger signal polarity of an externally generated signal connected to the rear panel EXT TRIGGER input POS neg positive Shows the swee...

Страница 483: ...om the BNC on the rear panel MANUAL Selects the manual trigger GATE LEVEL Displays the menu used specify the gate trigger mode the gate delay and the gate length To select the gate trigger mode the following two softkeys are provided Option 1D6 only GATE CTL LEVEL Selects the level gate trigger mode EDGE Selects the edge gate trigger mode GATE DELAY Sets the gate delay Option 1D6 only GATE LENGTH ...

Страница 484: ...e The following table shows the maximum range of SPAN for each condition ZERO SPAN Sets the SPAN to zero MKR1 SPAN Changes the SPAN to the di erence between the marker and the delta marker values 4Start5 De nes the start value of the frequency range or power range of the sweep parameter When pressed its function becomes the active function The value is displayed in the active entry area and can be...

Страница 485: ...de 1 DISCRETE Places markers only on the measured trace points as determined by the sweep parameter settings CONT Interpolates between the measured points to allow the markers to be placed at any point on the trace Displayed marker values are also interpolated This is the default marker mode network analyzer only 1MODE MENU Displays the delta mode menu that is used to de ne the di erence in values...

Страница 486: ...ta maker on the current position of the marker FIXED 1MKR Sets a user speci ed xed reference marker The sweep parameter and amplitude values can be set arbitrarily and can be anywhere in the display area Unlike other markers the xed 1marker need not be on the trace The xed 1marker is indicated by a small triangle 1 and the marker sweep parameter and measurement values are shown relative to this po...

Страница 487: ... of the destination channel to the value speci ed by the zooming aperture Performing this function is similar to zooming in on the signal in the center of the sweep range ZOOMING APERTURE Sets the zooming aperture value as a percentage of the span MKR XCH MENU MKR XCH CENTER Applies a sweep parameter at the marker to the center value of the sweep parameters for the channel that is not active MKR X...

Страница 488: ...s the center sweep parameter value bandwidth Q insertion loss and cuto point deviation from the center of a bandpass or band reject shape on the trace The amplitude value that de nes the passband or reject band is set using the WIDTH VALUE softkey The 1marker is automatically changed to the tracking 1marker when WIDTHS is turned on When WIDTHS is ON the normal 1marker cannot be selected WIDTH VALU...

Страница 489: ...eep parameter value regardless of changes in trace amplitude values in subsequent sweeps RETURN Search range menu PART SRCH on OFF Turns partial search on or o The search range is displayed by two small triangles 4 at the bottom of the graticule If no search range is de ned the search range is the entire trace MKR1 SEARCH RNG Sets the partial search range to the range between the marker and 1marke...

Страница 490: ...er search features to track the search of each new sweep ON Makes the analyzer search every new trace for the speci ed target value and puts the active marker on that point OFF When the target is found on the current sweep it remains at the same sweep parameter value regardless of changes in trace amplitude values in subsequent sweeps SRCH RANGE MENU See Search range menu Displays the search range...

Страница 491: ...lays the complex admittance values of the marker in rectangular form The marker values are displayed in terms of conductance in Siemens susceptance and equivalent capacitance or inductance SWR PHASE Displays the SWR and phase of the marker Magnitude values are expressed in dB and phase values in degrees RETURN Spectrum Analyzer MKR LIST on OFF Toggles the marker list function on and o In 1 mode th...

Страница 492: ...cursor s current position END Produces the command END GOTO LINE Allows you to move the cursor to any line number or to a label After pressing GOTO LINE type a line number or a label and then press 4Return5 The cursor moves to the speci ed line or label RECALL LINE Recalls the last deleted line END EDIT Exits the edit mode COMMAND ENTRY Displays the softkeys that are used to enter BASIC commands T...

Страница 493: ... entry keys 1 ENTER Displays the current time on the active entry area and displays the next page to adjust time CANCEL Returns to the previous page Pressing this key does not a ect the internal clock setting DATE DD MM YY Displays the current date on the active entry area to adjust date MONTH Enables changing the month setting using the knob or the numeric entry keys 1 DAY Enables changing the da...

Страница 494: ... segment that can be edited or deleted The pointer can be moved using the entry block If the table of limits is designated EMPTY new segments can be added using ADD or EDIT EDIT Displays the limit line entry menu that de nes or modi es the sweep parameter value and limit values of a speci ed segment If the table is empty a default segment is displayed DELETE Deletes the segment indicated by the po...

Страница 495: ...and lower limits separately If no upper lower is required for a particular measurement force the lower limit value out of range for example 0500 dB DELTA LIMIT Sets the limits an equal amount above and below a speci ed middle value instead of setting upper and lower limits separately This is used in conjunction with MIDDLE VALUE or MARKER MIDDLE to set limits for testing a device that is speci ed ...

Страница 496: ...controls peripheral devices or the analyzer This mode is also used when the external computer passes control of the bus to the analyzer SET ADDRESSES Displays the following softkeys ADDRESS INSTR Sets the GPIB address of the analyzer using the entry controls There is no physical address switch to set in the analyzer ADDRESS CONTROLLER Sets the GPIB address the analyzer will use to communicate with...

Страница 497: ... LANDSCAPE the FORMFEED setting is ignored and sheets are always ejected after each screen printout MORE See Copy more menu Copy cal kit menu STANDARD DEFINITION See Copy standard no menu Displays the menu that selects which standard settings are to be hard copied CLASS ASSIGNMENT Shows the tabular listing of the cal kit class assignment and provides the screen menu to prepare for hard copy RETURN...

Страница 498: ... follows Form feed ON Sheet orientation Portraint Softkey label printing OFF Top margin 1 0 inch Left margin 1 0 inch RETURN Screen menu PRINT STANDARD Copies one page of the tabular listings to a compatible HP graphics printer Either STANDARD for a black and white printer or COLOR for a color printer is shown in brackets This identi es which printer is selected as the default in the print setup m...

Страница 499: ...e screen menu is presented to allow hard copy listings and access new pages of the table Parameters listed by OPERATION PARAMETERS Number of points Sweep time Source power Port 1 and 2 attenuator Bandwidth Averaging factor Averaging switch Group delay aperture Calibration kit Z0 Calibration type Sweep conditions when the calibration was performed Phase o set Port 1 and 2 extension Input R A and B ...

Страница 500: ...e menu LIST VALUES See Screen menu Displays the screen menu This softkey provides a tabular listing of all the measured data points and their current values When DUAL CHAN and COUPLED CHAN are ON the measured values of both channels are listed at same time When LIMIT LINE and LIMIT TEST are ON the limit information is also listed together with the measured values At the same time the screen menu i...

Страница 501: ... les When a le is copied between the exible disk and the memory disk the disk formats of the disk and the memory disk must be same format INITIALIZE DISK Displays the Initialize menu INIT DISK YES Initializes the disk or the memory disk When the exible disk is selected for initialization DISK is displayed in the softkey label When the memory disk is selected MEMORY is displayed FORMAT LIF Toggles ...

Страница 502: ...isplays the next le names in the softkey label NEXT FILES RETURN 4Recall5 Front Panel Key Description 4Recall5 le name Selects a le to be loaded and loads the instrument state or data le name le name le name le name le name NEXT FILES STOR DEV DISK Selects between the exible disk drive and the memory disk as the storage device DISK shows the built in exible disk is selected and MEMORY shows the me...

Страница 503: ...rs typical The battery is automatically recharged while the instrument is ON The recharge time time required to fully recharge the battery is approximately 1 hour typical This appendix also contains Table C 2 to Table C 7 which provide descriptions of the calibration kits prede ned for the calibraion functions of the network analyzer When line power is cycled the analyzer performs a self test rout...

Страница 504: ...er jZj z R X jYj y G B j0j 0 0x 0y Cp Cs Lp Ls Rp Rs D Q Ch1 jZj Ch2 z Ch1 jZj Ch2 z ZA Fixture NONE 16191 16192 16193 16194 USER NONE NONE 1 When an S parameter test set is connected to the analyzer 2 Both channel 1 and 2 4Format5 Function Range Resolution Preset Value Power ON default NA Format LOG MAG PHASE DELAY SMITH CHART POLAR CHART LIN MAG SWR REAL IMAGINARY ADMITTANCE CHART Ch1 LOG MAG Ch...

Страница 505: ...le Max 53 characters No title No title Frequency Blank ON can not be turn O until presetting OFF OFF Intensity 0 to 100 No e ect 100 Background Intensity 0 to 100 No e ect 0 Ch1 Data Color No e ect Yellow Ch1 Memory Limit Line Color No e ect Green Ch2 Data Color No e ect Cyan Ch2 Memory Limit Line Color No e ect Salmon Pink Graticule Color No e ect Gray Warning Color No e ect Red Text Color No e e...

Страница 506: ... each colors Color 0 to 100 Default settings for each colors Default settings for each colors ZA Display Equivalent Circuit ON OFF OFF OFF ZA Equivalent Circuit CKT A CKT B CKT C CKT D CKT E CKT A CKT A ZA Display Equivalent Parameter ON OFF OFF OFF ZA Parameter R1 01a1 to 1a 1a 0 0 ZA Parameter C1 01a to 1a 1a 0 0 ZA Parameter L1 01a to 1a 1a 0 0 ZA Parameter C0 01a to 1a 1a 0 0 1 a 10018 C 4 Inp...

Страница 507: ... 100 M 0 1f 90 90 NA Admittance Chart 10 p to 10 k 10 p 1 1 SA Unit dBm 0 1 to 20 0 1 10 10 SA Unit dBV 0 1 to 20 0 1 10 10 SA Unit dB V 0 1 to 20 0 1 10 10 SA Unit WATT 1 f to 100 M 0 1 f 1 1 SA Unit WATT Log Y axis 0 001 to 100 0 00001 10 10 SA Unit Volt 1 f to 100 M 0 1 f 1 1 SA Unit Volt Log Y axis 0 001 to 100 0 00001 10 10 ZA Lin Y axis 1 f to 100 M 1 f 100 m 100 m ZA Log Y axis 1 f to 100 M...

Страница 508: ...01 0 1 0 1 ZA CONDUCT G 0 to 10 0 01 0 1 0 1 ZA SUSCEPT B 0 to 10 0 01 0 1 0 1 ZA REFL COEF MAG j0j 0 to 10 0 01 0 2 0 2 ZA REAL 0x 0 to 10 0 01 0 2 0 2 ZA IMAG 0y 0 to 10 0 01 0 2 0 2 ZA CAPCITNCE PRL Cp 0 to 10 0 01 100 100 ZA SER Cs 0 to 10 0 01 100 100 ZA INDUCTNCE PRL Lp 0 to 10 0 01 1 1 ZA SER Ls 0 to 10 0 01 1 1 ZA PHASE z 0 to 10 0 01 36 36 ZA PHASE y 0 to 10 0 01 36 36 ZA PHASE r 0 to 10 ...

Страница 509: ... dBm 0100 to 30 0 1 0 0 SA Unit dBV 50 0113 0 to 17 0 0 1 0 0 SA Unit dBV 75 0111 2 to 18 8 0 1 0 0 SA Unit dB V 50 7 0 to 137 0 0 1 0 0 SA Unit dB V 75 8 8 to 138 8 0 1 0 0 SA Unit WATT 010 p to 1 0 10 p 0 0 SA Unit WATT Log Y axis 01000 to 1000 0 01 m 0 0 SA Unit Volt 50 2 236 to 7 071 1 n 0 0 SA Unit Volt 75 2 739 to 8 660 1 n 0 0 SA Unit Volt Log Y axis 01000 to 1000 0 01 m 0 0 ZA Lin Y axis 0...

Страница 510: ...UCT G 0500 M to 500 M 1 f 500 m 500 m ZA SUSCEPT B 0500 M to 500 M 1 f 500 m 500 m ZA REFL COEF MAG j0j 0500 M to 500 M 1 f 0 0 ZA REAL 0x 0500 M to 500 M 1 f 0 0 ZA IMAG 0y 0500 M to 500 M 1 f 0 0 ZA CAPCITNCE PRL Cp 0500 M to 500 M 1 f 500 500 ZA SER Cs 0500 M to 500 M 1 f 500 500 ZA INDUCTNCE PRL Lp 0500 M to 500 M 1 f 5 5 ZA SER Ls 0500 M to 500 M 1 f 5 5 ZA PHASE z 0500 M to 500 M 1 f 0 0 ZA ...

Страница 511: ...NA SWR 0 to 10 0 01 1 1 NA Real 0 to 10 0 01 5 5 NA Imaginary 0 to 10 0 01 5 5 NA Exp Phase 0 to 10 0 01 5 5 NA Admittance Chart 0 to 10 0 01 5 5 SA Unit dBm 10 xed 10 10 SA Unit dB V 10 xed 10 10 SA Unit WATT 10 xed 10 10 SA Unit WATT Log Y axis 10 xed 10 10 SA Unit Volt 10 xed 10 10 SA Unit Volt Log Y axis 10 xed 10 10 ZA 1 0 to 10 0 01 5 5 1 Except for Log Y axis or Complex Plane Top Value Anal...

Страница 512: ...1 f 1 1 SUSCEPT B 01 G to 1 G 1 f 1 1 REFL COEF MAG j0j 01 G to 1 G 1 f 1 1 REAL 0x 01 G to 1 G 1 f 1 1 IMAG 0y 01 G to 1 G 1 f 1 1 CAPCITNCE PRL Cp 01 G to 1 G 1 f 1 m 1 m SER Cs 01 G to 1 G 1 f 1 m 1 m INDUCTNCE PRL Lp 01 G to 1 G 1 f 10 10 SER Ls 01 G to 1 G 1 f 10 10 PHASE z 01 G to 1 G 1 f 200 200 PHASE y 01 G to 1 G 1 f 200 200 PHASE r 01 G to 1 G 1 f 200 200 D FACTOR D 01 G to 1 G 1 f 1 1 Q...

Страница 513: ...FL COEF MAG j0j 01 G to 1 G 1 f 1 1 REAL 0x 01 G to 1 G 1 f 1 1 IMAG 0y 01 G to 1 G 1 f 1 1 CAPCITNCE PRL Cp 01 G to 1 G 1 f 1 n 1 n SER Cs 01 G to 1 G 1 f 1 n 1 n INDUCTNCE PRL Lp 01 G to 1 G 1 f 10 p 10 p SER Ls 01 G to 1 G 1 f 10 p 10 p PHASE z 01 G to 1 G 1 f 1 1 PHASE y 01 G to 1 G 1 f 1 1 PHASE r 01 G to 1 G 1 f 1 1 D FACTOR D 01 G to 1 G 1 f 1 1 Q FACTOR Q 01 G to 1 G 1 f 1 1 Function Range...

Страница 514: ...l Auto Auto Auto SA Attenuator at R input 0 10 20 30 40 50 dB 10 dB 20 dB 20 dB SA Attenuator at A input 0 10 20 30 40 50 dB 10 dB 20 dB 20 dB SA Attenuator at B and B inputs 0 10 20 30 40 50 dB 10 dB 20 dB 20 dB SA Scale for Data Memory Data Data SA Scale Couple On O On On SA Max mixer level 0100 to 010 dBm 10 dB 010 0 010 0 ZA Scale for Data Memory Data Data ZA Scale Couple On O On On C 12 Input...

Страница 515: ...h span 0 3 k 5 k 10 k 20 k 40 k 100 k 200 k 400 k 800 k 1 5 M 3 M 3 MHz 3 MHz SA Resolution Band width span 0 1 to 12106 Hz 1 3 step Auto 1 M Auto 1 M Auto SA Averaging On O O O SA Averaging factor 1 to 999 16 16 SA RBW SPAN ratio 0 01 to 10 of span 0 2 0 2 SA Video Band Width 0 003 to 12106 Hz 1 3 step 1 M 1 M ZA Band width 2 10 30 100 300 1 k 3 k 10 k 30 kHz 1 kHz 1 kHz ZA Averaging On O O O ZA ...

Страница 516: ... 50 NA Velocity factor 0 0 to 10 0 1 f 1 1 NA Port1 extension 00 01 to 0 01 1 f 0 0 NA Port2 extension 00 01 to 0 01 1 f 0 0 NA Input R extension 00 01 to 0 01 1 f 0 0 NA Input A extension 00 01 to 0 01 1 f 0 0 NA Input B extension 00 01 to 0 01 1 f 0 0 SA System Impedance 50 75 50 50 SA Input Z 50 75 50 50 ZA Correction On OFF O O ZA Calibration Kit 7 mm 3 5 mm N50 N75 User kit 7 mm 7 mm ZA Syste...

Страница 517: ...ter Span Start stop Start stop ZA Sweep time mode Auto Man Auto Auto ZA NOP 2 to 801 201 201 ZA Coupled Channel On O On On ZA Sweep type Lin Freq Log Freq List Freq Power Lin Freq Lin Freq 1 NOP is automatically set and can not be changed by user except for ZERO SPAN 4Source5 Function Range Resolution Preset Value Power ON default NA Power 050 to 15 dBm 0 1 dB 0 dBm 0 dBm NA Attenuator port 1 0 to...

Страница 518: ...th option 1D6 4Center5 Function Range Resolution Preset Value Power ON default NA Center Frequency 0 Hz to 510 MHz 1 mHz 250 MHz 250 MHz NA Step Size mode On 1 2 5 step O linear On On SA Center Frequency 10 Hz to 510 MHz 1 mHz 250 MHz 250 MHz SA Step Size mode On 1 2 5 step O linear O O Center step size 1 mHz to 510 MHz 1 mHz 10 MHz 10 MHz ZA Step Size mode On 1 2 5 step O linear On On 4Span5 Func...

Страница 519: ...00 MHz NA Start power 050 to 15 dBm 0 1 dBm 020 dBm 020 dBm NA Stop power 050 to 15 dBm 0 1 dBm 0 dBm 0 dBm SA Start Frequency 0 Hz to 510 MHz 1 mHz 0 Hz 0 Hz SA Stop Frequency 0 Hz to 510 MHz 1 mHz 500 MHz 500 MHz ZA Start Frequency 10 Hz to 510 MHz 1 mHz 100 kHz 100 kHz ZA Stop Frequency 10 Hz to 510 MHz 1 mHz 500 MHz 500 MHz Marker Block 4Marker5 Input Range and Default Settings C 17 ...

Страница 520: ...d1mkr position AUX value The same as the reference value 0 0 NA Marker coupled On O On On SA Fixed1mkr position Sweep prmtr The same as the reference value 0 0 SA Fixed1mkr position Value The same as the reference value 0 0 SA Marker coupled On O O O ZA Marker coupled On O On On 1 Zero will be returned if the marker position is read using GPIB command after presetting and before the marker turn to...

Страница 521: ...hreshold On O O O NA Threshold value The same as the reference value 0100 dB 0100 dB SA Threshold value The same as the reference value 0100 dBm 0100 dBm Part search On O O O ZA Peak polarity Positive Negative Positive Positive ZA Width On O O O ZA Width value 6500 dB 03 dB 03dB ZA Peak def 1X 1 n to 1 G 10 MHz 10 MHz ZA Peak def 1Y Depends on format 1 dB 1 dB 4Utility5 Function Range Resolution P...

Страница 522: ...test On O O O Beep Fail On O O O Limit line table No e ect Empty Limit line o set Sweep prmtr 01 G to 1 GHz 1 mHz 0 0 Limit line o set Amp 01 G to 1 G 0 0 4Copy5 Function Range Resolution Preset Value Power ON default Print mode Standard Color Standard Standard Copy time On O O O Print color Fixed Variable Fixed Fixed Print resolution 75 to 600 5 dpi 75 75 Print margin Left 0 to 5 0 01 inch 1 0 1 ...

Страница 523: ...ta On O On On De ne Save Trace mem On O On On 4Local5 Function Range Resolution Preset Value Power ON default GPIB address 0 to 30 No e ect No e ect GPIB mode System controller Addressable No e ect No e ect Results of Power Loss to Battery Backup Memory Factory Setting Function Factory Setting GPIB address for 4395A 17 GPIB address for controller 21 Calibration kit de nitions Factory set default S...

Страница 524: ...z C2 210 36 F Hz2 OFFSET DELAY ps OFFSET LOSS M s OFFSET Z0 STANDARD LABEL 1 SHORT 0 700 50 SHORT 2 OPEN 92 85 0 7 2 0 700 50 OPEN 3 LOAD 0 700 50 BROADBAND 4 DELAY THRU 0 700 50 THRU 5 LOAD 0 700 50 SLIDING 6 LOAD 0 700 50 LOWBAND 7 SHORT 0 700 50 8 OPEN 79 4 0 40 0 700 50 OPEN Table C 3 50 Type N Standard Cal Kit NO STANDARD TYPE C0 210 15 F C1 210 27 F Hz C2 210 36 F Hz2 OFFSET DELAY ps OFFSET ...

Страница 525: ...FFSET LOSS M s OFFSET Z0 STANDARD LABEL 1 SHORT 0 1 132103 75 SHORT M 2 OPEN 63 5 84 56 0 1 132103 75 OPEN M 3 LOAD 0 1 132103 75 BROADBAND 4 DELAY THRU 0 1 132103 75 THRU 5 LOAD 0 1 132103 75 SLIDING 6 LOAD 0 1 132103 75 LOWBAND 7 SHORT 17 544 1 132103 75 SHORT F 8 OPEN 41 40 5 17 544 1 132103 75 OPEN F Input Range and Default Settings C 23 ...

Страница 526: ...4 THRU Forward Match 4 THRU Reverse Match 4 THRU Response 1 2 4 RESPONSE Response Isolation 1 2 4 RESPONSE Table C 6 Standard Class Assignments Table 50 Type N CLASS A B C D E F G STANDARD CLASS LABEL S11A 2 8 OPENS S11B 1 7 SHORTS S11C 3 LOAD S22A 2 8 OPENS S22B 1 7 SHORTS S22C 3 LOAD Forward Transmission 4 THRU Reverse Transmission 4 THRU Forward Match 4 THRU Reverse Match 4 THRU Response 1 7 2 ...

Страница 527: ...NDARD CLASS LABEL S11A 2 8 OPENS S11B 1 7 SHORTS S11C 3 LOAD S22A 2 8 OPENS S22B 1 7 SHORTS S22C 3 LOAD Forward Transmission 4 THRU Reverse Transmission 4 THRU Forward Match 4 THRU Reverse Match 4 THRU Response 1 7 2 8 4 RESPONSE Response Isolation 1 7 2 8 4 RESPONSE Input Range and Default Settings C 25 ...

Страница 528: ......

Страница 529: ...ith that instrument If your instrument s serial number is not listed on the title page of this manual or in Table D 1 it may be documented in a yellow MANUAL CHANGES supplement In additions to change information the supplement may contain information for correcting errors Errata in the manual To keep this manual as current and accurate as possible Agilent Technologies recommends that you periodica...

Страница 530: ...two part nine character serial number that is stamped on the serial number plate see Figure D 1 attached to the rear panel The rst ve characters are the serial pre x and the last ve digits are the su x Figure D 1 Serial Number Plate sample D 2 Manual Changes ...

Страница 531: ...ther of them 3 In the previous system an option for the frequency reference was available only for the high stability frequency reference In the new option system it is available for the high stability and standard references requiring the customer to select either of them 4 In the previous option system the keyboard comes as one of standard accessories In the new option system it will be attached...

Страница 532: ......

Страница 533: ...r messages The analyzer s status is indicated by status notations in the left margin of the display Examples are 3 Cor and Avg Sometimes these appear together with error messages A complete listing of status notations and their meanings is provided in Chapter 4 of this manual Error Messages in Alphabetical Order A 173 ACTIVE SYSTEM CONTROLLER REQUIRED When the 4395A and its peripherals are control...

Страница 534: ...cept in zero span 133 CAN T CHANGE ON LIST SWEEP When list sweep is selected the following parameters are not allowed to be changed CENTER SPAN START STOP NOP IFBW or RBW POWER DC SOURCE Modify the list table to change these parameters in the list sweep 97 CAN T CHANGE WHILE DATA MATH ON The setting cannot be changed when the data math function is used 99 CAN T CHANGE WHILE DUAL CHAN OFF The Cross...

Страница 535: ...analyzer cannot detect a more speci c error 0148 Character data not allowed A legal character data element was encountered where prohibited by the analyzer 0144 Character data too long The character data element contains more than twelve characters see IEEE 488 2 7 7 1 4 0100 Command error This is a generic syntax error that the analyzer cannot detect more speci c errors This code indicates only t...

Страница 536: ...o turn the coupled channel on in spectrum analyzer mode 74 CURRENT EDITING SEGMENT SCRATCHED The current editing segment for the list table and the limit line is scratched when the following cases occur GPIB only When EDITLIST edit list table command is received while editing a segment for the list table When EDITLIML edit limit line command is received while editing a segment for the limit line S...

Страница 537: ...extension name entered is already used for other le types Use other extension name E 15 EXCEEDED 7 STANDARDS PER CLASS A maximum of seven standards can be de ned for any class 0200 Execution error This is the generic syntax error that the analyzer cannot detect more speci c errors This code indicates only that an execution error as de ned in IEEE 488 2 11 5 1 1 5 has occurred 0123 Exponent too lar...

Страница 538: ...ee IEEE 488 2 7 7 H 0240 Hardware error Indicates that a legal program command or query could not be executed because of a hardware problem in the analyzer De nition of what constitutes a hard ware problem is completely device speci c This error message is used when the analyzer cannot detect the more speci c errors described for errors 0241 through 0249 0241 Hardware missing A legal program comma...

Страница 539: ...ed but was invalid for some reason see IEEE 488 2 7 7 6 2 For example an END message was received before the length was satis ed 0141 Invalid character data Either the character data element contains an invalid character or the particular element received is not valid for the header 0121 Invalid character in number An invalid character for the data type being parsed was encountered For example an ...

Страница 540: ...to the list table M 0250 Mass storage error Indicates that a mass storage error occurred This error message is used when the analyzer cannot detect the more speci c errors described for errors 0257 0311 Memory error An error was detected in the analyzer s memory 0109 Missing parameter Fewer parameters were received than required for the header For example the SRE command requires one parameter so ...

Страница 541: ...ned on 95 NO MARKER DELTA SPAN NOT SET The NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR1 SPAN softkey requires that delta marker mode be turned on 120 NO MEMORY TRACE DISPLAYED The NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SCALE FOR MEMORY is selected when the memory trace is not displayed 94 NO MEMORY TRACE The NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MARKER ON MEMORY is sel...

Страница 542: ...e changed to the ON POINT mode because the current trigger source setting does not allow the ON POINT mode The ON POINT mode is available for only MANUAL EXTERNAL and BUS trigger sources of the network analyzer mode 56 OPTION NOT INSTALLED This error occurs when an GPIB command which is optional command is sent and the analyzer is not installed the option GPIB only Please con rm options installed ...

Страница 543: ...e 0280 Program error Indicates that a downloaded program related execution error occurred This error message is used when the analyzer cannot detect the more speci c errors described for errors 0281 through 0289 0112 Program mnemonic too long The header contains more than twelve characters see IEEE 488 2 7 6 1 4 1 0286 Program runtime error A program runtime error of the HP Instrument BASIC has oc...

Страница 544: ... START STOP OVERLAPPED Segments are not allowed to be overlapped Reenter appropriate value for start or stop value of segments to avoid that segment is not overlapped 0330 Self test failed A self test failed Contact your nearest Agilent Technologies o ce or see the Service Manual for troubleshooting 0221 Settings con ict A legal program data element was parsed but could not be executed due to the ...

Страница 545: ...ing leading zeros see IEEE 488 2 7 7 2 4 1 77 TOO MANY SEGMENTS OR POINTS Frequency list mode is limited to 31 segments or 801 points 64 TOO MANY SEGMENTS The maximum number of segments for the limit line table is 18 0223 Too much data A legal program data element of block expression or string type was received that contained more data than the analyzer could handle due to memory or related device...

Страница 546: ...eived and recognized by the analyzer but was ignored because of analyzer timing considerations For example the analyzer was not ready to respond U 0113 Unde ned header The header is syntactically correct but it is unde ned for the analyzer For example XYZ is not de ned for the analyzer Messages 14 ...

Страница 547: ...UENCE softkey is not valid unless a calibration is in progress Start a new calibration 13 CALIBRATION ABORTED The calibration in progress was terminated due to a change of the active channel or stimulus parameters 14 NOT VALID FOR PRESENT TEST SET The calibration requested is inconsistent with the test set present This message occurs in the following situations A full 2 port calibration is request...

Страница 548: ...ence signal rst Contact your nearest Agilent Technologies o ce for adjustment or repair 50 CONT SWITCHING MAY DAMAGE MECH SW RF output power switch input attenuator switch at input R A B or internal mechanical switch in the S parameter test set is switching sweep by sweep because RF power level or the input attenuator setting is di erent between two channels and the dual channel is turn on or cont...

Страница 549: ... editing GPIB only Send LIMSDON limit segment done or SDON segment done to terminate editing segment See Programming Manual 76 SEGMENT START STOP OVERLAPPED Segments are not allowed to be overlapped Reenter appropriate value for start or stop value of segments to avoid that segment is not overlapped 77 TOO MANY SEGMENTS OR POINTS Frequency list mode is limited to 31 segments or 801 points 78 TOO S...

Страница 550: ...een Turn on the marker before executing the marker commands 99 CAN T CHANGE WHILE DUAL CHAN OFF The Cross channel cannot be turned on when dual channel is o Turn on the dual channel before the cross channel is turned on 100 NO FIXED DELTA MARKER The NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN FIXED 1MKR VALUE and NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN FIXED 1MKR AUX ...

Страница 551: ... TRACE DISPLAYED The NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SCALE FOR MEMORY is selected when the memory trace is not displayed 124 LIST TABLE EMPTY OR INSUFFICIENT TABLE The frequency list is empty To implement the list frequency mode add segments to the list table 126 CAN T CHANGE NUMBER OF POINTS The number of points of the spectrum analyzer mode cannot be to change manually e...

Страница 552: ...en the DC SOURCE port is used in current control mode 141 INSUFFICIENT MEMORY If a lot of tasks is executed at same time memory might be insu cient for a while For example running HP Instrument BASIC program printing a screen and sending or receiving data array by GPIB are required at same time Please wait until nishing some tasks then execute the next task 143 FLOATING POINT ERROR OCCURED Indicat...

Страница 553: ...rror that the analyzer cannot detect more speci c errors This code indicates only that a command error as de ned in IEEE 488 2 11 5 1 1 4 has occurred 0101 0200 0101 Invalid character A syntax element contains a character that is invalid for that type For example a header containing an ampersand SENSE 0102 Syntax error An unrecognized command or data type was encountered For example a string was r...

Страница 554: ... 0112 Program mnemonic too long The header contains more than twelve characters see IEEE 488 2 7 6 1 4 1 0113 Unde ned header The header is syntactically correct but it is unde ned for the analyzer For example XYZ is not de ned for the analyzer 0114 Header Su x out of range The value of a numeric su x attached to a program mnemonic makes the header invalid 0120 Numeric data error This error as wel...

Страница 555: ... particular error message is used if the analyzer cannot detect a more speci c error 0141 Invalid character data Either the character data element contains an invalid character or the particular element received is not valid for the header 0144 Character data too long The character data element contains more than twelve characters see IEEE 488 2 7 7 1 4 0148 Character data not allowed A legal char...

Страница 556: ... occurred This error message is used when the analyzer cannot detect the more speci c errors described for errors 0211 through 0219 0211 Trigger ignored A GET TRG or triggering signal was received and recognized by the analyzer but was ignored because of analyzer timing considerations For example the analyzer was not ready to respond 0213 Init ignored A request for a measurement initiation was ign...

Страница 557: ...e more speci c errors described for errors 0241 through 0249 0241 Hardware missing A legal program command or query could not be executed because of missing analyzer hardware For example an option was not installed 0250 Mass storage error Indicates that a mass storage error occurred This error message is used when the analyzer cannot detect the more speci c errors described for errors 0257 0256 Fi...

Страница 558: ...sed when parsing the downloaded program is device speci c 0286 Program runtime error A program runtime error of the HP Instrument BASIC has occurred To get a more speci c error information use the ERRM or ERRN command of the HP Instrument BASIC 0301 0400 0310 System error Some error termed system error by the analyzer has occurred 0311 Memory error An error was detected in the analyzer s memory 03...

Страница 559: ... 488 2 6 3 2 3 For example a query followed by DAB or GET before a response was completely sent 0420 Query UNTERMINATED A condition causing an unterminated query error occurred see IEEE 488 2 6 3 2 2 For example the analyzer was addressed to talk and an incomplete program message was received by the controller Messages 27 ...

Страница 560: ......

Страница 561: ...nput adapter 12 2 4395A overview 1 1 4395A settings recalling 3 29 saving 3 27 4395U upgrade kit 12 1 5 50 N m 75 N f minimum loss pad 2 19 50 to 75 input impedance conversion option 1D7 12 1 7 75 measurement setting for spectrum 2 19 8 85031B 7 mm calibration kit 12 3 85032B 50 type n calibration kit 12 3 85033D 3 5 mm calibration kit 12 3 85036B 75 type n calibration kit 12 3 87511A B s paramete...

Страница 562: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNN AVERAGING FACTOR 9 13 averaging ON Avg 4 9 Avg 4 9 B NNNNN B 6 7 backup memory C 1 backup memory operating time C 1 bandwidth 10 3 binary le format A 59 block diagram A 2 BNC Cables 12 3 NNNNNNNNNNN B R 6 7 built in disk drive 8 19 burst modulated signal 8 38 bus 4 9 BW A 33 4Bw Avg5 6 27 4Bw Avg5 softkeys under B 14 C C 11 34 C 4 9 C 4 9 C2 4 9 C2 4 9 C2 4 9 cable 12 3 connecting ...

Страница 563: ...t 5 3 connecting DUT for spectrum analyzer mode direct measurement 5 6 signal in a circuit 5 6 connecting test set 2 10 connectors 4 11 Contents 2 2 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN CONTINUOUS 6 6 9 13 continuous mode A 32 controller A 37 conversion A 5 A 11 conversion function A 14 converting to other unit A 8 4Copy5 softkeys under B 48 Cor 4 9 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 564: ...20 displayed average noise level spectrum analyzer 11 9 display format 4 7 display formats impedance analyzer 11 14 display points A 27 4Display5 softkeys under B 7 D M 4 9 D M 4 9 D0M 4 9 document guide 1 2 DOS 3 27 8 19 DOS format A 58 drift error A 40 drift error 11 33 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN DUAL CHAN 6 3 DUT connecting 3 3 DUT 5 1 dynamic accuracy 11 34 11 37 dynamic accuracy a r b r ne...

Страница 565: ...ent 10 2 xture compensation performing 7 18 xture compensation coe cient arrays xture compensation A 11 xture compensation kit de ning 7 19 modi cation menu 7 19 specifying 7 20 xture compensation ON Cmp 4 9 exible disk drive 4 5 FM signal measurement 10 21 format group delay 8 29 network analyzer 6 10 noise 8 35 Smith chart 6 10 Format A 11 FORMAT 4 7 format A 6 A 8 4Format5 6 10 6 14 4Format5 so...

Страница 566: ...er 12 5 HP DeskJet 505 printer 12 5 HP DeskJet 560C color printer 12 5 HP DeskJet 694C color printer 12 5 HP DeskJet 850C color printer 12 5 humidity 11 25 11 26 I IF band reduction A 16 IF bandwidth impedance analyzer 11 14 IF bandwidth 9 6 IF Bandwidth IFBW network analyzer 11 3 IF bandwidth setting 6 26 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN IF BW 6 26 9 6 IFBW 4 9 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN IMAGINARY 6 10 imped...

Страница 567: ... beep 9 11 display line 9 9 modify table 9 10 o set line 9 12 limit line test 9 8 limit test A 29 4LINE5 3 17 linear phase shift A 16 line switch 4 5 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LIN FREQ 6 6 linking paramters A 28 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN LIN MAG 6 10 liquid crystal display 4 5 listener A 37 list of contents 2 2 list sweep editing a sweep list 9 3 list sweep 9 2 list sweep function DC bias sweep usi...

Страница 568: ...NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR COUP on OFF 10 16 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR LIST 8 4 8 9 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR CENTER 6 15 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR CNTR STEP 6 17 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR DELAY 8 29 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR LEFT RNG 8 12 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN MKR REFERENCE 6 24 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 569: ... peak de ning peak speci cation 8 10 setting to center 6 17 to search multiple peaks 8 9 to search single peak 8 8 Peak 4 7 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN PEAK ALL 8 9 peak de nition A 35 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN PEAK DEF MENU 10 4 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN PEAK DEF MENU 8 10 8 11 peak level read by marker 3 22 reading 3 22 peak mode A 19 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 570: ...BW lter response time 8 40 RBW selectivity A 21 reading transition time using the marker 8 48 NNNNNNNNNNNNNN REAL 6 10 rear panel 4 11 recall analyzer setting 8 20 automatically when starting up A 61 4Recall5 softkeys under B 54 receiver characteristics network analyzer 11 3 recharge time C 1 reference level 4 7 marker 6 24 setting 6 24 reference oven output 4 13 11 24 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN...

Страница 571: ...ng 6 25 4Scale Ref5 softkeys under B 11 scaling A 12 scaling A 6 A 9 scan speed of 31 5 kHz 4 12 scattering parameters A 13 screen display 4 5 search A 33 multiple peaks 8 9 peak de nition 8 10 range 8 7 search range 8 12 target value 8 5 to de ne peak shape 8 11 search function using 3 25 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SEARCH PEAK 10 21 4Search5 softkeys under B 39 search tracking ONMax 4 7 ...

Страница 572: ...t set interface 11 24 s parameter test set interface pin assignments 11 25 SPC 11 1 speci cations 4 1 common to all analyzers 11 20 impedance analyzer 11 14 network analyzer 11 1 spectrum analyzer 11 7 speci cations 11 1 spectral purity characteristics network analyzer 11 2 spectrum analyzer quick start guide 3 15 spectrum measurement basics A 19 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN SPLIT DISP 6 3 spr...

Страница 573: ...length 7 17 user de ned 7 17 test xture compensation 10 26 test xture setting the electrical length of 10 26 10 31 test set 12 2 connecting 2 10 test set I O interface 4 13 test signal level A 25 test signal source connecting 3 17 text with tab delimiter 8 21 third order inter modulation distortion spectrum analyzer 11 10 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN THRESHOLD 8 11 threshold value A 35 A 36 THRU ...

Страница 574: ... kit 12 1 user de ned cal kit A 45 4Utility5 softkeys under B 42 V varactor diode evaluation of 10 36 VBW 6 28 velocity factor A 15 velocity factor 8 28 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN VELOCITY FACTOR 8 28 VGA 11 25 video Averaging A 8 video bandwidth spectrum analyzer 11 7 video bandwidth vbw 4 8 video bandwidth VBW 6 28 NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN VIDEO BW 6 28 video output termin...

Страница 575: ...rope Agilent Technologies Test Measurement European Marketing Organization P O Box 999 1180 AZ Amstelveen The Netherlands tel 31 20 547 9999 Japan Agilent Technologies Japan Ltd Call Center 9 1 Takakura Cho Hachioji Shi Tokyo 192 8510 Japan tel 81 426 56 7832 fax 81 426 56 7840 Latin America Agilent Technologies Latin American Region Headquarters 5200 Blue Lagoon Drive Suite 950 Miami Florida 3312...

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