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Chapter 1 _________________________________________________________ General Information

VAISALA_________________________________________________________________________ 7

CHAPTER 1

GENERAL INFORMATION

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Safety

General Safety Considerations

Throughout the manual, important safety considerations are
highlighted as follows:

WARNING

Warning alerts you to a serious hazard. If you do not read and follow
instructions very carefully at this point, there is a risk of injury or
even death.

CAUTION

Caution warns you of a potential hazard. If you do not read and
follow instructions carefully at this point, the product could be
damaged or important data could be lost.

NOTE

Note highlights important information on using the product.

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Summary of Contents for WXT510

Page 1: ...Weather Transmitter WXT510 USER S GUIDE M210470EN B October 2004 ...

Page 2: ...mechanical including photocopying nor may its contents be communicated to a third party without prior written permission of the copyright holder The contents are subject to change without prior notice Please observe that this manual does not create any legally binding obligations for Vaisala towards the customer or end user All legally binding commitments and agreements are included exclusively in...

Page 3: ...XT510 Transmitter components 11 CHAPTER 3 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 12 Wind measurement principle 12 Precipitation measurement principle 13 PTU measurement principle 14 Heating Optional 14 CHAPTER 4 INSTALLATION 16 Unpacking instructions 16 Selecting location 16 Assembling the WXT510 17 Installation Procedure 17 Mounting 17 Mounting to a vertical pole mast 18 Mounting with a mounting kit optional 18 ...

Page 4: ...cknowledge active command a 36 Wind data message aR1 37 Pressure temperature and humidity data message aR2 37 Precipitation data message aR3 38 Supervisor data message aR5 39 Combined data message aR 40 Composite data message query aR0 40 ASCII protocol polled with CRC 41 ASCII protocol automatic 42 SDI 12 protocol 43 Acknowledge active command a 43 Send identification command aI 44 Address query ...

Page 5: ... 73 Supervisor message 75 Checking the settings 75 Setting fields 75 Changing the settings 77 Composite message 78 CHAPTER 9 MAINTENANCE 79 Cleaning 79 Replacing the PTU module 79 Factory calibration and repair service 80 Vaisala Service Centers 80 CHAPTER 10 TROUBLESHOOTING 81 Self diagnostics 83 Error messaging Text messages 83 Rain and wind sensor heating control 84 Operating voltage control 84...

Page 6: ...___ M210470EN B Wiring 91 Communication protocol 91 RS 485 serial interface 92 Wiring 92 Communication protocol 92 WXT ASCII polled 92 NMEA 0183 v3 0 query 93 NMEA 0183 v3 0 query with ASCII query commands 95 APPENDIX B SDI 12 PROTOCOL 97 APPENDIX C CRC 16 COMPUTATION 100 Encoding the CRC as ASCII Characters 100 NMEA 0183 v3 0 Checksum computation 101 ...

Page 7: ...e the chapter section and page number You can send comments to us by e mail manuals vaisala com Safety General Safety Considerations Throughout the manual important safety considerations are highlighted as follows WARNING Warning alerts you to a serious hazard If you do not read and follow instructions very carefully at this point there is a risk of injury or even death CAUTION Caution warns you o...

Page 8: ...or latent damage to electronic circuits Vaisala products are adequately protected against ESD for their intended use However it is possible to damage the product by delivering electrostatic discharges when touching removing or inserting any objects inside the equipment housing To make sure you are not delivering high static voltages yourself Handle ESD sensitive components on a properly grounded a...

Page 9: ... Agreement All rights to any software are held by Vaisala or third parties The customer is allowed to use the software only to the extent that is provided by the applicable supply contract or Software License Agreement Warranty For certain products Vaisala normally gives a limited one year warranty Please observe that any such warranty may not be valid in case of damage due to normal wear and tear...

Page 10: ...3 with query option Four alternative serial interfaces are selectable RS 232 RS 485 RS 422 and SDI 12 The following options are available Windows based WXT Configuration Tool software and cable Heating function for the precipitation and wind sensors 8 pin M12 connector also with 2 m 10 m cable Mounting kit Configuration software Windows based WXT Configuration Tool is a user friendly parameter set...

Page 11: ... Mounting kit optional Service cable optional forces the serial port to RS 232 19200 8 N 1 Wind transducers Precipitation sensor Pressure sensor module Humidity temperature sensor Radiation shield Service port Cable gland water tight Opening for wires under plastic cover 8 pin M12 connector for power signal cable optional Alignment direction sign Bottom of the transmitter Top of the transmitter Sc...

Page 12: ...ray of transducers This transit time depends on the wind speed along the ultrasonic path For zero wind speed both the forward and reverse transit times are the same With wind along the sound path the up wind direction transit time increases and the down wind transit time decreases The wind speed is calculated from the measured transit times using the following formula 1 1 5 0 r f w t t L V where V...

Page 13: ...e proportional to the volume of the drops Hence the signal of each drop can be converted directly to accumulated rainfall Advanced noise filtering technique is used to filter out signals originating from other sources than raindrops The measured parameters are accumulated rainfall rain intensity and the duration of a rain Detection of each individual drop enables computing of rain amount and inten...

Page 14: ...pensation for the temperature dependency of the pressure and humidity sensors PTU module includes capacitive silicon BAROCAP sensor for pressure measurement capacitive ceramic THERMOCAP sensor for air temperature measurement and capacitive thin film polymer HUMICAP 180 sensor for humidity measurement Heating Optional The heating function keeps the wind and precipitation sensor clean from snow and ...

Page 15: ..._______________________________________________ Functional Description VAISALA________________________________________________________________________ 15 High limit 3 C 37 4 F Middle limit 2 C 28 4 F Low limit 4 C 24 8 F ...

Page 16: ...eak or damage the transducers If the antenna bends or twists the re aligning can be difficult or impossible Selecting location Finding a suitable site for Weather Transmitter WXT510 is important for getting representative ambient measurements The site should represent the general area of interest Weather Transmitter WXT510 should be installed in a location that is free from turbulence caused by ne...

Page 17: ...sten the top and the bottom Installation Procedure At the measurement site WXT510 needs to be mounted aligned and connected to the data logger and the power source Mounting Weather Transmitter WXT510 can be mounted either onto a vertical pole mast or onto a horizontal cross arm When mounting WXT510 onto a pole mast an optional mounting kit can be used to ease mounting When using the optional mount...

Page 18: ...e fixing screw and replace the screw cover Mounting with a mounting kit optional 1 Insert the mounting kit adapter to the transmitter bottom in the position shown in the picture 2 Turn the kit inside the bottom firmly until you feel that the adapter snaps into the locked position see picture in the next page 3 Mount the adapter to the pole mast do not tighten the fixing screw 4 Align the transmitt...

Page 19: ... the horizontal cross arm in south north direction see page 20 In case the cross arm cannot be aligned make the wind direction correction as instructed on page 21 3 Mount the transmitter into the cross arm by using the fixing screw M6 DIN933 and a nut see picture Nut Fixing screw M6 DIN933 Mounting kit optional Insert the mounting adapter Fixing screw provided Pole mast Turn firmly until adapter i...

Page 20: ...to the magnetic north which is read with a magnetic compass The magnetic declination is the difference in degrees between the true north and magnetic north 0003 011 Sketch of Magnetic Declination NOTE The source for the magnetic declination must be current as the declination changes over time Compass Alignment To align Weather Transmitter WXT510 proceed as follows 1 If the WXT510 is already mounte...

Page 21: ...om points to the north In this case the deviation angle from the true north should be given to the WXT510 1 Mount the transmitter to a desired position see Mounting page 17 2 Define the deviation angle from the north zero alignment Use the sign indication to express the direction from the north line see example pictures 3 Feed the deviation angle to the device by using the wind message formatting ...

Page 22: ...nsumed current may be as low as 0 07 mA in SDI 12 idle mode 12 V with heating function disabled but it is doubled with 5 5 V input voltage The input power supply shall be capable to deliver 60 mA 12V or 120 mA 6V instant current spikes with duration of 30 ms These are drawn by the wind sensor whenever enabled at 4 Hz nominal rate In most occasions the average current consumption will be less than ...

Page 23: ... max 0 6 A CAUTION To avoid exceeding the absolute maximum ratings in any condition the voltages must be checked with no load at the power supply output WARNING Make sure that you connect only de energized wires Wiring by using the screw terminals 1 Loosen the three long screws at the bottom of the WXT510 2 Pull out the bottom part of the transmitter 3 Insert the power supply wires and signal wire...

Page 24: ... Vin GND for Vin GND for Vin GND for Vin 20 VIN Vin operating Vin operating Vin operating Vin operating NOTE In the true SDI 12 mode the two Data in out lines must be combined either in the screw terminal or outside the WXT510 NOTE Short circuit jumpers are required between pins 1 3 and 2 4 for the 2 wire RS 485 communication mode For the RS 422 mode the jumpers should be removed In the other mode...

Page 25: ...s Wire Colors M12 Pin RS 232 RS 485 RS 422 SDI 12 Blue 7 Data in RxD Data Data in RX Data in out Rx Gray 5 Data Data in RX White 1 Data out TxD Data out TX Data in out Tx Green 3 GND for data Data out TX GND for data Pink 6 GND for Vh GND for Vh GND for Vh GND for Vh Yellow 4 Vh heating Vh heating Vh heating Vh heating Red Clear 8 GND for Vin GND for Vin GND for Vin GND for Vin Brown 2 Vin operati...

Page 26: ...matic and polled NMEA 0183 v3 0 automatic and query SDI 12 v1 3 RS 422 ASCII automatic and polled NMEA 0183 v3 0 automatic and query SDI 12 v1 3 SDI 12 SDI 12 v1 3 You have chosen the communication protocol ASCII NMEA 0183 or SDI 12 when placing the order In case you want to check and or change the protocol or other communication settings see the following sections RS 232 and SDI 12 can be accesse...

Page 27: ... RS 232 ASCII 19200 baud 8 N 1 RS 485 ASCII 19200 baud 8 N 1 RS 422 ASCII 19200 baud 8 N 1 RS 422 NMEA 4800 baud 8 N 1 4 Change the settings see the section Communication setting commands Service port connection Service mode is activated when the service cable included in the WXT Configuration Tool kit see list of accessories page 89 is plugged into the service connector The service connection wit...

Page 28: ...r Communication setting commands Checking the current communication settings aXU With this command you can request the current communication settings of the WXT510 Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183 aXU cr lf Command format in SDI 12 aXXU where a Device address which may consist of the following characters 0 default 9 A Z a z XU Device settings command in ASCII and NMEA 0183 XXU Device settings...

Page 29: ...c Q NMEA 0183 v3 0 query polled S SDI 12 v1 3 T Test parameter for testing use only C Serial interface 1 SDI 12 2 RS 232 3 RS 485 4 RS 422 B Baud rate 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 57600 115200 D Data bits 7 8 P Parity O Odd E Even N None S Stop bits 1 2 L RS 485 line delay 0 10 000 ms Defines the delay between the last character of the query and the first character of the response message from ...

Page 30: ...so the examples Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183 aXU A x M x C x B x D x P x S x L x cr lf Command format in SDI 12 aXXU A x M x C x B x D x P x S x L x where A M C B D P S L The communication setting fields see page 29 x Te input value for the setting cr lf Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183 Command terminator in SDI 12 NOTE When changing the serial interface and communication protoco...

Page 31: ...L 25 V 1 00 cr lf Example ASCII device address 0 Changing RS 232 serial interface with ASCII polled communication protocol and baud settings 19200 8 N 1 to RS 485 serial interface with ASCII automatic protocol and baud settings 9600 8 N 1 Checking the actual settings 0XU cr lf 0XU A 0 M P C 2 B 19200 D 8 P N S 1 L 25 V 1 00 cr lf NOTE You can change several parameters in the same command as long a...

Page 32: ...ds For changing the message parameters units and other settings see Chapter 8 Sensor and data message settings NOTE Type commands in CAPITAL letters General Commands Reset aXZ This command is used to perform software reset on the device Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183 aXZ cr lf Command format in SDI 12 aXZ where a Device address XZ Reset command cr lf Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 018...

Page 33: ... Precipitation counter reset aXZRU This command is used to reset the precipitation sensor counters Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183 aXZRU cr lf Command format in SDI 12 aXZRU where a Device address XZRU Precipitation counter reset command cr lf Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183 Command terminator in SDI 12 NOTE The precipitation counters are reset also when the supply voltage is disco...

Page 34: ...f the transmitter and start them from the beginning Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183 aXZM cr lf Command format in SDI 12 aXZM where a Device address default 0 XZM Measurement break command cr lf Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183 Command terminator in SDI 12 The response in ASCII 0XZM cr lf OTX Measurement reset cr lf The response in SDI 12 No response 0XZM 0 The response in NMEA 0183 ...

Page 35: ...emperature C F C F Tp Internal temperature C F C F Ua Relative humidity RH P Rc Rain accumulation mm in M I Rd Rain duration s S Ri Rain intensity mm h in h M I Hc Hail accumulation hits cm 2 hits in 2 hits M I H Hd Hail duration s S Hi Hail intensity hits cm 2 h hits in 2 h hits h M I H Th Heating temperature C F C F Vh Heating voltage V N V W F 2 Vs Supply voltage V V Vr 3 5V ref voltage V V 1 T...

Page 36: ... lf Response terminator Example cr lf 0 cr lf If more than one transmitter is connected to the bus see Appendix A Networking If you need to change the device address see Chapter 6 section Changing the communication settings Acknowledge active command a This command is used to ensure that a device is responding to a data recorder or another device It asks a device to acknowledge its presence on the...

Page 37: ... 0R1 Dn 236D Dm 283D Dx 031D Sn 0 0M Sm 1 0M Sx 2 2M cr lf where a Device address R1 Wind message query command Dn Minimum wind direction D degrees Dm Average wind direction D degrees Dx Maximum wind direction D degrees Sn Minimum wind speed M m s Sm Average wind speed M m s Sx Maximum wind speed M m s cr lf Response terminator To change the parameters and units in the response message and to make...

Page 38: ...rature and humidity query command Ta Air temperature C C Ua Relative humidity P RH Pa Air pressure H hPa cr lf Response terminator To change the parameters and units in the response message and to make other sensor settings see Chapter 8 section Pressure humidity and temperature sensor page 69 Precipitation data message aR3 With this command you can request the precipitation data message Command f...

Page 39: ...make other precipitation sensor settings see Chapter 8 section Precipitation sensor Supervisor data message aR5 With this command you can request a supervisor data message containing self check parameters of the heating system and power supply voltage Command format aR5 cr lf where a Device address default 0 R5 Supervisor message query command cr lf Command terminator Example of the response the p...

Page 40: ...mand format aR cr lf where a Device address default 0 R The combined message query command cr lf Command terminator Example of the response 0R cr lf 0R1 Dm 027D Sm 0 1M cr lf 0R2 Ta 74 6F Ua 14 7P Pa 1012 9H cr lf 0R3 Rc 0 10M Rd 2380s Ri 0 0M Hc 0 0M Hd 0s Hi 0 0M cr lf 0R5 Th 76 1F Vh 11 5N Vs 11 5V Vr 3 510V cr lf Composite data message query aR0 This command is used to request a combined data ...

Page 41: ...dd a proper 3 character CRC before the command terminator Also the response contains a 3 character CRC More information about CRC computation in Appendix C The following example of the command is used to request a wind data message with a CRC Command format ar1Goe cr lf where a Device address default 0 r1 Wind message query command Goe three character CRC for ar1 command cr lf Command terminator E...

Page 42: ...haracter CRC Example of asking the CRC for the wind data message query ar1 Command format ar1xxx cr lf where a Device address r1 Wind message query command xxx Arbitrary three character CRC cr lf Command terminator Response atX Use chksum GoeIU cr lf where a Device address tX Use chekcum Text prompt Goe Correct three character CRC for the ar1 command IU three character CRC for the response message...

Page 43: ... 00M Rd 0s Ri 0 0MIlm 0r5 Th 25 0C Vh 10 6 Vs 10 8V Vr 3 369VO T NOTE Stop the automatic output by changing the communication protocol to polled mode aXU M P SDI 12 protocol For changing the message parameters units and other settings see Chapter 8 Sensor and data message settings Acknowledge active command a This command is used to ensure that a device is responding to a data recorder or another ...

Page 44: ...lccccccccmmmmmmvvvxxx xxx cr lf where a Device address default 0 ll The SDI 12 version number indicating SDI 12 version compatibility for example version 1 3 is encoded as 13 cccccccc 8 character vendor identification Vaisala_ mmmmmm 6 characters specifying the sensor model number vvv 3 characters specifying the firmware version 1 0 xxxxxxxx 8 character serial number cr lf Response terminator Exam...

Page 45: ...b This command changes the device address After the command has been issued and responded to the sensor is not required to respond to another command for one second time in order to ensure writing the new address to the non volatile memory Command format aAb where a Device address default 0 A Change address command b The address to change to Command terminator The response b cr lf where b Device a...

Page 46: ...ded Start concurrent measurement aC or Start concurrent measurement with CRC aCC should be used see the next sections See examples on page 50 Command format aMx where a Device address default 0 M Start measurement command x The desired sensor to make the measurement 1 Wind 2 Temperature humidity pressure 3 Precipitation 5 Supervisor If x is left out the query refers to composite message with which...

Page 47: ...e measured command Start concurrent measurement aC should be used see the sections below Start measurement command with CRC aMC Command format aMCx The function of this command the definition of x the limitations and the response structure are the same as for the Start measurement command aM In order to request the measured data Send data command aD should be used see the following sections Start ...

Page 48: ...pitation 5 Supervisor If x is left out the query refers to composite message in which the user can request data from several sensors with just one command See the examples below Command terminator The response atttnn cr lf where a Device address ttt The time after which the measurement is completed seconds nn The number of the measured parameters available maximum number is 20 cr lf Response termi...

Page 49: ...he device See examples on page 50 NOTE Start measurement command tells the number of parameters available However the number of the parameters that can be included in a single message depends on the number of characters in the data fields If all the parameters are not retrieved in a single response message repeat the Send data commands until all the data is obtained Command format aDx where a Devi...

Page 50: ...in the parameter selection setting field see Chapter 8 Setting fields The device address is 0 in all examples Example 1 Start a wind measurement and request the data all 6 wind parameters are enabled in the message 0M1 00036 cr lf measurement ready in 3 seconds and 6 parameters available 0 cr lf measurement completed 0D0 0 339 018 030 0 1 0 1 0 1 cr lf Example 2 Start a concurrent pressure humidit...

Page 51: ... parameters are sent as a response to Send data command aD0 Thus the remaining 3 parameters must be requested with aD1 0M 00059 cr lf measurement ready in 5 seconds and 9 parameters available 0 cr lf measurement completed 0D0 0 340 0 1 23 7 27 9 1009 3 0 15 cr lf 0D1 0 0 0 0 0 0 cr lf Example 6 0C 000515 cr lf measurement ready in 5 seconds and 15 parameters available 0 cr lf measurement completed...

Page 52: ... Only value 3 precipitation can be used Command terminator The response a data fields cr lf where a Device address data fields Precipitation parameters separated with marks cr lf Response terminator Example device address 0 0R3 0 0 15 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cr lf Start verification command aV This command is used to query self diagnostic data from the device However the command is not implemented in the...

Page 53: ...finition of the CRC see Appendix C Device address This command is used to query the address of the device on the bus Command format cr lf where Device address query command cr lf Command terminator The response b cr lf where b Device address default 0 cr lf Response terminator Example cr lf 0 cr lf If more than one transmitter is connected to the bus see Appendix A Networking If you need to change...

Page 54: ...gs shall be set to W see Chapter 8 Wind sensor With MWV query only wind speed and direction average values can be requested For obtaining min and max data for speed and direction see the section XDR transducer measurement query Command format WIQ MWV hh cr lf where Start of the message Device identifier of the requester WI Device type identifier WI weather instrument Q Defines the message as Query...

Page 55: ... 1 Wind direction is given in relation to the devices north south axis An offset value to the measured direction can be set see Chapter 8 section Wind sensor The checksum to be typed in the query depends on the device identifier characters The correct checksum can be asked from the WXT510 by typing any three characters after the WIQ MWV command Example Typing the command WIQ MWVxxx crlf xxx arbitr...

Page 56: ...mand cr lf Command terminator The response includes the parameters activated in the data messages see Chapter 8 NOTE The parameter order in the output is as shown in the parameter selection setting field see Chapter 8 Setting fields The response format WIXDR a1 x x1 u1 c c1 an x xn un c cn hh cr lf where Start of the message WI Talker identifier WI weather instrument XDR Transducer measurement res...

Page 57: ...xx crlf xxx arbitrary characters the WXT510 responds WITXT 01 01 08 Use chksum 2D 72 crlf indicating that 2D is the correct checksum for the WIQ XDR command If there are several distinct measurements of the same parameter according to the transducer table below they are assigned with different transducer ids E g minimum average and maximum wind speed are measurements of the same parameter wind spe...

Page 58: ...re 2 Supply voltage 0 Heating voltage 1 3 5V reference voltage 2 Example of the XDR Query all parameters of each sensor enabled and NMEA wind formatter set to T WIQ XDR 2D crlf Example of the response when all the parameters of each sensor are enabled on NMEA wind formatter set to T WIXDR A 302 D 0 A 320 D 1 A 330 D 2 S 0 1 M 0 S 0 2 M 1 S 0 2 M 2 57 cr lf WIXDR C 23 3 C 0 C 24 0 C 1 H 50 1 P 0 P ...

Page 59: ...d direction S Transducer id 0 type min wind speed 0 1 Transducer id 0 data min wind speed M Transducer id 0 units m s min wind speed 0 Transducer id for min wind speed S Transducer id 1 type average wind speed 0 2 Transducer id 1 data average wind speed M Transducer id 1 units m s average wind speed 1 Transducer id for average wind speed S Transducer id 2 type max wind speed 0 2 Transducer id 2 da...

Page 60: ... data Accumulated rainfall I Transducer id 0 units Inch Accumulated rainfall 0 Transducer id for Accumulated rainfall Z Transducer id 0 type Rain duration 10 Transducer id 0 data Rain duration s Transducer id 0 units s Rain duration 0 Transducer id for Rain duration R Transducer id 0 type Rain intensity 0 02 Transducer id 0 data Rain intensity I Transducer id 0 units Inch h Rain intensity 0 Transd...

Page 61: ...pply voltage 1 Transducer id for Supply voltage U Transducer id 2 type 3 5V reference voltage 3 360 Transducer id 2 data 3 5V reference voltage V Transducer id 2 units V 3 5V reference voltage 2 Transducer id for 3 5V reference voltage CRC delimiter 71 A two character CRC for the response cr lf Response terminator 1 See section Supervisor message for definitions of the Heating voltage field Transd...

Page 62: ...t message see text message table Checksum delimiter hh A two character checksum for the query command The first character is always cr lf Response terminator Examples WItXT 01 01 01 Unable to measure error 6D crlf wind data request when all the wind parameters were disabled from the wind message WITXT 01 01 03 Unknown cmd error 1F unknown command 0XO cr lf WITXT 01 01 08 Use chksum 2F 72 wrong che...

Page 63: ...__________________________________________________________ 63 You can use ASCII data query commands aR1 aR2 aR3 aR5 aR aR0 and their CRC versions ar1 ar2 ar3 ar5 ar and ar0 also in NMEA 0183 protocol The responses to these commands will be in standard NMEA 0183 format For formatting the messages see Chapter 8 ...

Page 64: ...hecking the settings With the following command you can check the current wind sensor settings Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183 aWU cr lf Command format in SDI 12 aXWU where a Device address default 0 WU Wind sensor settings command in ASCII and NMEA 0183 XWU Wind sensor settings command in SDI 12 cr lf Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183 Command terminator in SDI 12 The response in ASC...

Page 65: ...eed minimum 5th bit Sm Speed average 6th bit Sx Speed maximum 7th bit spare 8th bit spare delimiter 9th bit Dn Wind direction minimum 10th bit Dm Wind direction average 11th bit Dx Wind direction maximum 12th bit Sn Speed minimum 13th bit Sm Speed average 14th bit Sx Speed maximum 15th bit spare 16th bit most right spare I Update interval 1 3600 seconds A Averaging time 1 600 seconds U Speed unit ...

Page 66: ... time Speed unit Direction correction NMEA wind formatter Make the desired setting with the following command Select the correct value letter for the setting fields see page 65 See also the examples Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183 aWU R x I x A x U x D x N x cr lf Command format in SDI 12 aXWU R x I x A x U x D x N x where R I A U D N The wind sensor setting fields see page 65 x value for th...

Page 67: ...60 cr lf 0WU I 60 cr lf NOTE Several parameters can be changed with the same command as long as the command length does not exceed 32 characters see below Changing the averaging time to 20 seconds the wind speed units to knots and making the direction correction 0WU A 20 U N D 10 cr lf 0WU A 20 U N D 10 cr lf Changing the wind parameter selection 0WU R 0100100001001000 cr lf 0WU R 01001000 0010010...

Page 68: ...and NMEA 0183 XTU Pressure temperature and humidity sensor settings command in SDI 12 cr lf Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183 Command terminator in SDI 12 The response in ASCII and NMEA 0183 aTU R R I I P P H H cr lf The response in SDI 12 aXTU R R I I P P H H cr lf where R I P H are the setting fields see the following section Example ASCII and NMEA 0183 device address 0 0TU cr lf 0TU R 1...

Page 69: ...lation it does not express the air temperature I Update interval 1 3600 seconds P Pressure unit H hPa P Pascal B bar M mmHg I inHg T Temperature unit C Celsius F Fahrenheit cr lf Response terminator Changing the settings You can change the following settings Parameters included in the data message Update interval Pressure unit Temperature unit Make the desired setting with the following command Se...

Page 70: ... in ASCII and NMEA 0183 Command terminator in SDI 12 Examples ASCII and NMEA 0183 device address 0 You need the temperature and humidity data to be available in every 30 seconds Changing the parameter selection 0TU R 0101000001010000 cr lf 0TU R 01010000 01010000 cr lf NOTE Character is not allowed in the command Changing the update interval 0TU I 30 cr lf 0TU I 30 cr lf The response after the cha...

Page 71: ... default 0 RU Precipitation sensor settings command in ASCII and NMEA 0183 XRU Precipitation sensor settings command in SDI 12 cr lf Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183 Command terminator in SDI 12 The response in ASCII and NMEA 0183 aRU R R I I U U S S M M Z Z cr lf The response in SDI 12 aXRU R R I I U U S S M M Z Z cr lf where R I U S M Z are the setting fields see the following section E...

Page 72: ...it most right spare I Update interval 1 3600 seconds This interval is valid only if the M field is T U Precipitation Units M metric accumulated rainfall in mm Rain duration in s Rain intensity in mm h I imperial the corresponding parameters in units in s in h S Units for surface hits M metric accumulated hailfall in hits cm2 Hail event duration in s Hail intensity in hits cm2 h I imperial the corr...

Page 73: ...ant only with ASCII automatic or NMEA 0183 automatic In the polled modes ASCII polled NMEA 0183 polled query and SDI 12 this mode has no function Z Counter reset M manual A automatic Y immediate Sets both rain hail accumulation count and duration of the rain hail event to zero M manual reset mode The counts are reset with aXZRU command only see page 33 A automatic reset mode The counts are reset a...

Page 74: ...itation sensor setting fields see page 72 x input value for the setting cr lf Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183 Command terminator in SDI 12 Examples ASCII and NMEA 0183 Changing the precipitation units to Imperial 0RU U I cr lf 0RU U I cr lf Changing the autosend mode to the tipping bucket mode 0RU M C cr lf 0RU M C cr lf Making the Rain amount Rc and Rain intensity Ri available both in t...

Page 75: ...lf Command format in SDI 12 aXSU where a Device address default 0 SU Supervisor settings command in ASCII and NMEA 0183 XSU Supervisor settings command in SDI 12 cr lf Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183 Command terminator in SDI 12 The response in ASCII and NMEA 0183 aSU R R I I S S H Y cr lf The response in SDI 12 aXSU R R I I S S H Y cr lf Setting fields R Parameter selection This field c...

Page 76: ...is forced to 15 seconds S Error messaging Y enabled N disabled H Heating control enable Y enabled N disabled Heating enabled The control between full and half heating power is on as described in Chapter 3 section Heating Heating disabled Heating is off in all conditions cr lf Response terminator Example ASCII and NMEA 0183 device address 0 0SU cr lf 0SU R 11110000 11000000 I 15 S Y H Y cr lf Examp...

Page 77: ...ter for the setting fields see page 75 See the examples Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183 aSU R x I x S x H x cr lf Command format in SDI 12 aXSU R x I x S x H x where R I S H The supervisor setting fields see page 75 x a value for the setting cr lf Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183 Command terminator in SDI 12 Example ASCII and NMEA 0183 device address 0 Disabling the heating and erro...

Page 78: ...ith average wind direction average wind speed temperature humidity and pressure data when the original composite message contains following data maximum wind direction maximum wind speed temperature humidity pressure accumulated rainfall supply voltage and heating voltage 0R0 cr lf 0R0 Dx 009D Sx 0 2M Ta 23 3C Ua 37 5P Pa 996 8H Rc 0 000I Vs 12 0V Vh 0 0N cr lf Change the maximum wind direction Dx...

Page 79: ...ion sensor and the transmitter should be cleaned carefully with a soft lint free cloth moistened with mild detergent CAUTION Be extremely careful when cleaning the wind sensors The sensors should not be rubbed nor twisted Replacing the PTU module 1 Turn the power off 2 Loosen the three screws at the bottom of WXT510 3 Pull out the top of the transmitter 4 Release the small white flap and remove th...

Page 80: ...rvice Centers NORTH AMERICAN SERVICE CENTER Vaisala Inc 10 D Gill Street Woburn MA 01801 1068 USA Phone 1 781 933 4500 Fax 1 781 933 8029 Email us customersupport vaisala com EUROPEAN SERVICE CENTER Vaisala Instruments Service Vanha Nurmijärventie 21 FIN 01670 Vantaa FINLAND Phone 358 9 8949 2758 Fax 358 9 8949 2295 E mail instruments service vaisala com ASIAN SERVICE CENTER Vaisala KK 42 Kaguraza...

Page 81: ...ant PTU module may not be properly connected There may be water in the PTU module Ensure the proper connection of the PTU module Remove and dry the module Communication problems Problem Interpretation Action No response to any commands Wrong wiring or operation voltage not connected Baud rate start bits parity stop bit settings do not match between the device and the host Check the wiring and oper...

Page 82: ...rrect address Check the data query commands from Chapter 7 Getting data messages Enable the error messaging using the WXT Configuration Tool or any terminal by setting aSU S Y then try the command again Data messages are not in expected format The communication protocol may not be the one you want Check the communication protocol of the device by using the WXT Configuration Tool or any terminal wi...

Page 83: ...not activated in the message see Chapter 8 Sensor and data message settings and check the parameter selection fields 02 Sync address error The device address in the beginning of the command is invalid Ask the device address with the SDI 12 or cr lf ASCII and NMEA command and retype the command with the correct address 03 Unknown cmd error The command is not supported use the correct command format...

Page 84: ...ring Note that wire gauge should be large enough to avoid remarkable voltage drop in the cable NOTE In case AC or full wave rectified AC is used for the heating the Vh measurement behaves as follows While the heating is off Vh indicates the positive peak of the heating voltage waveform While the heating is onVh indicates mean of the heating voltage waveform with full wave rectified AC half of the ...

Page 85: ...00 1100 hPa Accuracy 0 5 hPa at 0 30 C 32 86 F 1 hPa at 52 60 C 60 140 F Output resolution 0 1 hPa 10 Pa 0 001 bar 0 1 mmHg 0 01 inHg Units available hPa Pa bar mmHg inHg Air Temperature Range 52 60 C 60 140 F Accuracy for sensor element at 20 C 68 F 0 3 C 0 5 F Accuracy over temperature range see graph Output resolution 0 1 C 0 1 F Units available C F Tref T C C 0 7 0 7 0 6 0 5 0 4 0 3 0 2 0 1 0 ...

Page 86: ...km h mph knots Wind direction Azimuth 0 360 Response Time 250 ms Available Variables Average maximum and minimum Accuracy 2 Output Resolution 1 Measurement frame Averaging time 1 600 s 10 min at one second steps on the basis of 0 25 second samples Measuring interval 1 3600 s 60 min at one second steps Precipitation Rainfall cumulative accumulation after the latest auto or manual reset Collecting a...

Page 87: ... duration counting each 10 second increment whenever hailstone detected Ouput resolution 10 s Hail intensity one minute running average in 10 second steps Output resolution 0 1 hits cm2 h 1 hits in2 h Units available hits cm2 h hits in2 h hits h Inputs and outputs Operation voltage 5 30 VDC Below 5 3V the measurement performance for high wind speeds may be degraded Average power consumption minimu...

Page 88: ...age 60 70 C 76 158 F Relative humidity 0 100 RH Pressure 600 1100 hPa Wind 0 60 m s Electromagnetic compatibility EN61326 1997 Am 1 1998 Am2 2001 Electrical equipment for measurement control and laboratory use EMC requirements Generic environment Materials Radiation shield top and bottom parts Polycarbonate 10 glass fibre Precipitation sensor plate stainless steel AISI 316 Weight 650 g 1 43 lbs Ge...

Page 89: ..._____ 89 Options and Accessories Order code Description WXT510PTUSP WXT510 PTU module 215194 WXT Configuration Tool and PC connection cable 212792 Mounting kit 215191 8 pin M12 connector with 2 m cable 215193 8 pin M12 connector with 10 m cable 215190 Bushing accessory kit 214692 WXT510 Radiation shield 5 pcs WXT510BOTTOMSP WXT510 Bottom plate with M12 connector ...

Page 90: ...____________________________________________ 90 ___________________________________________________________________ M210470EN B Dimensions in mm inches 115 4 52 238 9 37 198 7 79 48 1 9 34 1 34 56 2 2 55 2 17 30 1 16 Mounting adapter optional ...

Page 91: ...10 as described in Chapter 5 Wiring Remember to combine the two Data in out wires of each WXT510 either in the internal screw terminal inside or outside the transmitter 2 In the data logger end combine the GND for Data wires of each WXT510 to the logger GND for data wire Connect the Data in out wires of each WXT510 to the logger Data wire Communication protocol Set the communication protocol SDI 1...

Page 92: ...h WXT510 to the logger Data wire Communication protocol Set the communication protocol to ASCII polled with or without CRC or NMEA query When using NMEA query the wind message should be set to XDR aWU N T NOTE Supervisor error messaging parameter must be disactivated with aSU S N for each WXT510 on the bus ASCII polled The WXT510s on the bus shall be assigned with different addresses e g aXU A 0 1...

Page 93: ...cation settings 0XU A 0 M Q C 3 B 4800 D 8 P N S 1 L 25 WXT510 2 communication settings 0XU A 0 M Q C 3 B 4800 D 8 P N S 1 L 1000 WXT510 3 communication settings 0XU A 0 M Q C 3 B 4800 D 8 P N S 1 L 2000 Now when the XDR query command WIQ XDR 2D crlf is sent the WXT510 1 responds after 25 ms the WXT510 2 after 1000 ms and the WXT510 3 responds after 2000 ms The sufficient delays depend on the maxi...

Page 94: ...S 0 1 M 4 S 0 1 M 5 S 0 2 M 6 55 crlf WIXDR C 23 5 C 4 C 24 3 C 4 H 49 3 P 4 P 1010 1 H 3 59 crlf WIXDR V 0 000 I 4 Z 0 s 4 R 0 00 I 4 V 0 0 M 5 Z 0 s 5 R 0 0 M 5 67 crlf WIXDR C 25 8 C 6 U 10 6 N 4 U 10 9 V 5 U 3 362 V 6 78 c rlf The third transmitter address 8 WIXDR A 341 D 8 A 347 D 9 A 357 D 10 S 0 1 M 8 S 0 2 M 9 S 0 2 M 10 53 crlf WIXDR C 23 5 C 8 C 24 3 C 9 H 49 3 P 8 P 1010 1 H 8 5F crlf W...

Page 95: ...age query command WXT510 1 communication settings 0XU A 0 M Q C 3 B 4800 D 8 P N S 1 L 25 WXT510 2 communication settings 0XU A 1 M Q C 3 B 4800 D 8 P N S 1 L 25 WXT510 3 communication settings 0XU A 2 M Q C 3 B 4800 D 8 P N S 1 L 25 The query for WXT510 1 and the response 0R cr lf WIXDR A 316 D 0 A 326 D 1 A 330 D 2 S 0 1 M 0 S 0 1 M 1 S 0 1 M 2 57 crlf WIXDR C 24 0 C 0 C 25 2 C 1 H 47 4 P 0 P 10...

Page 96: ... 2 A 347 D 3 A 357 D 4 S 0 1 M 2 S 0 2 M 3 S 0 2 M 4 53 crlf WIXDR C 23 5 C 2 C 24 3 C 3 H 49 3 P 2 P 1010 1 H 2 5F crlf WIXDR V 0 000 I 2 Z 0 s 2 R 0 00 I 2 V 0 0 M 3 Z 0 s 3 R 0 0 M 3 61 crlf WIXDR C 25 8 C 4 U 10 6 N 2 U 10 9 V 2 U 3 360 V 3 7C c rlf If needed for making the transducers IDs distinguishable device addresses 0 4 8 can be used as described in the previous section ...

Page 97: ...A serial data line A ground line A 12 volt line The SDI 12 bus can have at least 10 sensors connected to it The bus topology is a parallel connection where each of the three wires of different sensors are connected in parallel SDI 12 Communications Protocol SDI 12 data recorders and sensors communicate by an exchange of ASCII characters on the data line The data recorder sends a break to wake up t...

Page 98: ... send a request to the recorder which indicates that the data is ready The recorder then transmits a command to get the data 5 The sensor responds returning one or more measurements SDI 12 Timing Figure on page 99 shows a timing diagram for a SDI 12 command and its response The tolerance for all SDI 12 timing is 0 40 milliseconds The only exception to this is the time between the stop bit of one c...

Page 99: ... of a response it must relinquish control of the data line within 7 5 milliseconds Tolerance 0 40 milliseconds No more than 1 66 milliseconds of marking are allowed between the end of the stop bit and the start bit e g between characters on any characters in the command or the response No tolerance This permits a response to an M command to be sent within a 380 millisecond window Sensors must retu...

Page 100: ... with the address up to but not including the carriage return cr do as follows Set the CRC equal to the exclusive OR of the character and itself for count 1 to 8 if the least significant bit of the CRC is one right shift the CRC one bit set CRC equal to the exclusive OR of 0xA001 and itself else right shift the CRC one bit Encoding the CRC as ASCII Characters The 16 bit CRC is encoded to three ASC...

Page 101: ...er case NMEA 0183 v3 0 Checksum computation The checksum is the last field in the NMEA sentence and follows the checksum delimiter character It is the 8 bit exclusive OR of all characters in the sentence including and delimiters between but not including the or and the delimiters The hexadecimal value of the most significant and least significant four bits of the result is converted to two ASCII c...

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