Thermo Scientific Sorvall WX+ Instruction Manual Download Page 23

Page: 23 / 145

WARNING:

The overspeed decal must match the maximum speed of the rotor, because the

overspeed decal is a critical component that detects the over-speed of rotor: If an

overspeed decal that is not compatible with the rotor is attached, the rotor could break,

resulting in damage to the ultracentrifuge.

CAUTION:

When replacing the overspeed decal with a new one, be very careful not to damage

the overspeed decal and rotor body.

2-2-4 Rotor overspeed decal

2-9

Summary of Contents for Sorvall WX+

Page 1: ...Instruction Manual 50145792 a 09 2014 Thermo Scientific Sorvall WX Ultracentrifuge ...

Page 2: ...trol feature enables setting a start time or finish time thus letting you run your machine at desired date and time 6 Centrifugal force RCFmax and RCFavg can be displayed and set Note1 7 Thousand varieties of 30 stepped mode can be programmed for a wide range of applications such as step running 8 Various alert indication can notify users of the causes and necessary actions of the troubles It can ...

Page 3: ... If any problem is found on your instrument contact a Thermo Fisher Scientific authorized sales service representative Although the safety precautions in the instruction manual and safety instructions on your instrument have been fully considered an unexpected situation may arise Observe the instructions in the instruction manual and always be careful yourself when operating this instrument DANGER...

Page 4: ...he buckets Do not exceed the allowable maximum rated speed of the rotor or buckets in use Do not use corroded scratched or cracked rotor buckets and assemblies Check that the rotor buckets and assemblies are free of such abnormalities before operation When using a swing rotor check that the buckets are properly engaged with the rotor pins before operation Wrong setting can cause severe damage to t...

Page 5: ...n manual Do not press the touchscreen with a sharp pointed object such as a ballpoint pen Be sure to remove the rotor from the rotor chamber when centrifuge is not used for a long time or when the machine is moved Otherwise the drive shaft crown may be damaged Safety during installation and maintenance To avoid electrical shock hazards follow below when servicing the centrifuge 1 Be sure to turn o...

Page 6: ... identified in the World Health Organization Laboratory Biosafety Manual are handled and that more than one level of protection shall be provided in the case of materials of a higher group If the centrifuge rotor or an accessory is contaminated by samples that are toxic or radioactive or blood samples that are pathogenic or infectious be sure to decontaminate the item according to good laboratory ...

Page 7: ... toxic or radioactive or blood samples that are pathogenic or infectious Section 3 1 Do not incline or move the instrument while the rotor is spinning Do not place any object on the instrument or lean on the instrument Section 3 2 The centrifuge itself may move if the rotor fails during high speed rotation Make sure there is a 30 cm area around the centrifuge that will allow for such movement and ...

Page 8: ...uch the power cord with wet hands to avoid electrical shocks Chapter 6 Do not hold the cord when disconnecting the power cord from the receptacle Hold the plug when disconnecting it Chapter 6 3 Indication of CAUTION 1 When replacing the overspeed decal with a new one be very careful not to damage the overspeed decal and rotor body Section 2 2 4 Do not place containers holding liquid in the rotor c...

Page 9: ...f the surface of the centrifuge and the rotor chamber wipe them with a cloth dampened with 70 ethanol Using the method other than the above method might cause corrosion or deterioration of the centrifuge Refer to the chemical resistance chart provided with the rotor or contact Thermo Fisher Scientific While we recommend that 70 ethanol is used for sterilization no guarantee of sterility or disinfe...

Page 10: ...explosive vapors Be sure to take the necessary precautions before separating radioactive toxic or pathogenic materials Risque de choc électrique Débranchez le cordon d alimentation avant l entretien et attendre au moins trois minutes AVERTISSEMENT Risk of electrical shock Disconnect equipment from power supply before servicing and wait for at least three minutes WARNING S310566 CAUTION This cover ...

Page 11: ... 19 3 3 1 Programmed Operation 3 20 3 3 1 1 Program Registration Procedures 3 23 3 3 1 2 Programmed Operation Procedures 3 37 3 3 1 3 Step Mode Operation Procedures 3 41 3 3 2 RCF Relative Centrifugal Force Display and Setting Function 3 49 3 3 3 ω2 T Operation 3 52 3 3 4 RTC Real Time Control Operation 3 54 3 4 Features of the MENU Screen 3 58 3 4 1 Outputting and Reusing Run History and Run Para...

Page 12: ...3 100 3 4 7 Instrument ID Service Contact Information 3 101 3 5 Happenings when Power Failure Occurs 3 103 4 Maintenance 4 1 4 1 Rotor Chamber 4 2 4 2 Drive Shaft Crown 4 2 4 3 Cabinet 4 3 4 4 Others 4 3 5 Troubleshooting 5 1 5 1 Alert Indicators 5 2 5 2 Diagnosed Problems Requiring Maintenance 5 4 5 3 User Corrected Problem 5 4 6 Installation 6 1 7 Warranty for the WX Plus Ultra Series Centrifuge...

Page 13: ...m speed in increments of 100 rpm Set time One minute to 999 hours and 59 minutes in increments of one minute Hold for continuous operation Vacuum system Oil rotary vacuum pump and oil diffusion pump combined Ultimate vacuum below 1 3 Pa 0 01 Torr This value reaches within 15 minutes after the rotor starts rotating Noise level 51 dB A scale measured 1m in front of the instrument Maximum heat dissip...

Page 14: ...e for performance guarantee 10 C to 30 C Indoor use Altitude up to 2000 m Maximum relative humidity 80 for temperatures up to 31 C decreasing linearly to 50 relative humidity at 40 C Pollution degree 2 Overvoltage category Ⅱ The voltage to be used is the one that you specified when purchasing the centrifuge The Sorvall WX Plus Ultra series centrifuges satisfies CE marking requirements The CE marki...

Page 15: ... on front cover and the same dimensions The following is the external view of the Sorvall WX100 Ultracentrifuge Fig 2 1 External view of Sorvall WX100 Ultracentrifuge 2 Description 2 1 External View of Ultracentrifuge NOTE Unit mm External Connection This height is measured from level floor surface Touchscreen display operation Front Cover POWER Switch Top Deck Safety Cover Door LED Indicator Roto...

Page 16: ...grammed operation and user customizations screens by pressing the screen Fig 2 2 1 shows the touchscreen The following screen appears by pressing the SPEED TIME or TEMP button 4 STOP button 3 START button 2 VACUUM button Indicator 2 2 Structure 2 2 1 Touchscreen and External Connection Fig 2 2 1 Touchscreen Display at the normal operation 1 Display Areas 5 Function Selection Area Tabs of each scre...

Page 17: ...999 hours 59 minutes in increments of minutes and hours TEMP Temperature indicator Upper part Displays the temperature in increments of 0 1 C Lower part Used to set and display a temperature in the range from 0 C to 40 C in increments of 0 1 C When the pressure in the rotor chamber equals the atmospheric pressure the temperature of the inside of the rotor chamber is kept at 25 to prevent condensat...

Page 18: ...pressing this button starts the vacuum pump and starts temperature control Press this button to stop rotor rotation Function Selection area This centrifuge incorporates a number of features such as step mode operation and RTC Real Time Control operation Buttons for these features are displayed and specified in the Function selection area Press this button to select the step mode operation etc see ...

Page 19: ...eration conditions Sets free coasting Press this to cancel input for example if you enter the wrong number or the wrong value for a run parameter Press this to save the entered setting Press this to close the keypad display Hold No Name and symbol Functions and actions USB host side Use the USB connection to output the operation history of the centrifuge to a USB flash drive USB device side Use fo...

Page 20: ...wipe it with a clean dry cloth Take care not to scratch the surface of the sensor Drive shaft crown Chamber door seal Handle Chamber door Door lock system Temperature sensor measuring the temperature of the rotor Vacuum chamber Bowl Rotor Chamber Thermoelectric cooling element cooling the rotor Protective steeling ring Overspeed detector detecting any instance exceeding the maximum allowable speed...

Page 21: ...s and rotor 3 Door lock system The chamber door automatically locks for safety while the rotor is spinning When the power supply is off the door remains locked The door can only be opened and closed when the rotor is at rest and the rotor chamber is vented Unless the door is closed the rotor will not start rotating except in zonal mode To open the door in the event of a power failure see Section 3...

Page 22: ... and white bands The number of bands corresponds to the maximum permitted speed of the rotor See Fig 2 2 3 Fig 2 2 3 Standard Rotor To protect the overspeed decal be sure to store the rotor on the rotor stand provided See Fig 2 2 4 Fig 2 2 4 Rotor stand 2 2 4 Rotor overspeed decal Overspeed decal Rotor stand 2 8 ...

Page 23: ...at detects the over speed of rotor If an overspeed decal that is not compatible with the rotor is attached the rotor could break resulting in damage to the ultracentrifuge CAUTION When replacing the overspeed decal with a new one be very careful not to damage the overspeed decal and rotor body 2 2 4 Rotor overspeed decal 2 9 ...

Page 24: ... 3 1 Programmed Operation Step mode operation Normal operations can be combined in a sequence of operations Section 3 3 1 3 Step Mode Operations Displaying and setting RCF Relative Centrifugal Force The centrifuge automatically computes RCF values from set speed or speed from set values and then displays the result of the computation on the control panel Section 3 3 2 Displaying and Setting RCF ω2...

Page 25: ...start time and end time Section 3 3 4 RTC Operation Special operation Brief description Reference Zonal operation An operation that uses a zonal rotor Section 3 4 Features of the MENU Screen Section 3 4 3 Zonal Operation Procedures 3 Operation Zonal speed Time Speed End of set run time Time Speed Press the START button 3 2 ...

Page 26: ...ectious CAUTION Do not place containers holding liquid in the rotor chamber on the centrifuge or near the centrifuge Liquid if spilt could get into the instrument and damage electrical and mechanical components 3 1 1 Starting up the Centrifuge Before setting run parameters display the Run screen screen for setting run parameters 1 Displaying the Run screen screen for setting run parameters 1 Turn ...

Page 27: ...more accurately Fig 3 1 2 Balancing samples Note that partially filled tubes may impose speed limitations or lead to tube failure with some rotors Tubes or bottles must be full in the following cases 1 When thin tubes or seal tubes are used 2 When thick tubes are loaded in a swing rotor 3 When a bottle is used 100 000 x g or more For more information on rotor and tube handling read through the Rot...

Page 28: ...eration immediately and contact a Thermo Fisher Scientific authorized sales service representative 3 2 1 Setting Run Parameters This section will describe the Run screen the starting point of basic operations For information on screens displayed during normal operation and entry of run parameters refer to Section 2 2 1 Touchscreen and External Connections Normal operation display The screen for di...

Page 29: ...ial digits Blue 2 Press the on screen keypad to enter a numeric value Example 100 000 rpm Press 1 0 0 0 3 If you do not want to make any other settings press the Enter button on the on screen keypad If you also want to make other settings press the field you want to set This completes the first entry and the field is ready to accept your next entry Setting values are displayed in the setting value...

Page 30: ...un parameter is selected you do not need to press the Enter button When you touch the field of another run parameter the currently entered item is confirmed 3 To set continuous run HOLD and specify the time during operation enter the sum of time elapsed so far plus the desired remaining run time For example if the centrifuge has been running for 5 hours and you want operation to stop 1 hour and 30...

Page 31: ...w digit that is entered is scrolled to the left 4 Check the entered value To continue making other settings press the field of the desired setting When complete press the Enter button Use the CE button to cancel incorrect entries Set it to 100 000 rpm Set it to 2 30 2 hours 30 minutes Set it to 4 C Setting range and units Set a value between 1 000 rpm to maximum speed in 100 rpm increments Set a v...

Page 32: ... displayed in blue 3 Press the on screen keypad to enter a numeric value 4 Check the entered value To continue making other settings press the field of the desired setting When complete press the Enter button Use the CE button to cancel incorrect entries Set it to 9 Set it to 7 Setting range 1 to 9 0 1 to 9 0 Free coast FREE 3 2 1 Setting Run Parameters 7 8 9 CE 4 5 6 1 2 3 FRE 0 Enter Color Blue ...

Page 33: ...eration the gradient may be disturbed if samples are rapidly accelerated and decelerated Using CsCl density gradient sedimentation equilibrium centrifugation for DNA separation when using a uniform liquid 9 7 You can operate at maximum acceleration because the density gradient is not formed during the run Slow deceleration is recommended to obtain sharp bands Pelleting using an angle rotor 9 9 Rap...

Page 34: ... the OK button When the selected rotor field turns blue press the OK button to return to the Run screen The selected rotor type appears in the Rotor indicator field You can select your rotor in the Rotor Management screen if you registered your rotor in advance For information on how to register a rotor refer to Section 3 4 6 3 Rotor Management If the name of the rotor type appears in the Rotor in...

Page 35: ...essed field turns blue and press the Enter button To confirm rotor details press the rotor field to turn it blue and press the Details button A window that allows you to check rotor information appears If this is the selected rotor press the Enter button To select a different rotor press the X button to return to the Select rotor screen The screen for selecting a rotor appears The pressed field tu...

Page 36: ...erform life management of a rotor just by selecting a rotor in the ROTOR CATALOG screen You must first register your rotor in the instrument Refer to Section 3 4 6 3 Rotor Management 2 By registering your rotor in the instrument in advance it appears in the Select rotor screen simplifying operation The Run screen appears 3 2 3 Rotor Selection NOTE Rotor indicator field 3 13 ...

Page 37: ... Management screen press the field of the desired user name making sure that the pressed field turns blue Then press the LOGIN button Admin is the registered factory default for this centrifuge 3 Enter the PIN on the on screen keypad and press the Enter button The PIN is the 4 digit number you register in Section 3 4 6 1 User Management The default PIN for Admin is 1111 If necessary change the PIN...

Page 38: ...enabled you must login as a user to operate the centrifuge This requires a user to be registered as described in Section 3 4 6 1 User Management 2 The icon in the USER area in the Run screen differs depending on whether the user is logged in or not Icon for unregistered user Icon for registered user USER area The Run screen appears Registered user name 3 2 4 Logging in as a User NOTE 3 15 ...

Page 39: ... the run parameters according to the instructions in Section 3 2 1 Setting run parameters and Section 3 2 2 Acceleration and Deceleration Modes 4 Select a rotor Select a rotor according to the instructions in Section 3 2 3 Rotor Selection You can skip this step 5 Login as a user To login as a user follow the instructions in Section 3 2 4 Logging in as a User You can skip this step 6 Press the VACU...

Page 40: ...pped 10 Press the VACUUM button The vacuum pump stops the air leak valve starts operating to return the rotor chamber to normal atmospheric pressure The door lock is released and the door can be opened When the rotor chamber returns to normal atmospheric pressure the Now open the door message appears above the VACUUM button 11 Remove the rotor Gently remove the rotor when it has stopped If the rot...

Page 41: ...UM The set time is reached Or press STOP Remove the rotor and turn the POWER switch off Temperature control is turned off Vacuum pump is turned off Air leak The door lock is released End The rotor stops Indicates switch or button Start of operation Turn on the centrifuge POWER Open the door and install the rotor Close the door and set run parameters Press VACUUM Press START 1 The vacuum pump and t...

Page 42: ...a number of run parameters in a sequence of operations RCF The centrifuge automatically computes and displays RCF values from set speed or speed from set RCF values ω2 T This function is used to indicate ω2 T a value obtained by adding run time to the angular velocity squared the centrifugal effect Operation can be stopped when the set ω2 T value is obtained RTC Sets a start time or end time and r...

Page 43: ... setup time The stored run parameters persist even when the POWER switch is turned Off As shown in the figure below the centrifuge has a program area that can store 1 000 memory items each of which can hold 30 step conditions By storing multiple steps in a memory unit you can change the speed run time temperature and other parameters during operation Memory unit 1 Step 1 Step 2 Step 30 Memory unit...

Page 44: ... display Folder button PROGRAM No button If the registered program No is known The Function Selection Area changes to the Program display screen The Program No entry screen appears The Program list screen appears Use the on screen keypad to enter the number of the desired program and press the Enter button Use the and buttons to turn pages Select a program folder check that the folder turns blue b...

Page 45: ...d and the Function Selection Area will appear However the program will still remain enabled and the Program button will turn light blue as stated in 2 above 4 Pressing the START button when the Program button is lit blue and a program is enabled will start the program and the Function Selection Area is replaced by the program display screen 5 To cancel called program operation call another program...

Page 46: ...n on the centrifuge POWER switch 2 Press the Program button in the Function Selection Area in the Run screen A Program No displayed in the Folder button indicates that the program run parameters have been set in that program 3 3 1 1 Program Registration Procedures The Run screen appears Program display screen PROGRAM button The Function Selection Area changes to the Program display screen Folder b...

Page 47: ...ress to display only programs set in blue folders on the screen Red folder button Press to display only programs set in red folders on the screen New folder button Press to register new programs Previous page button Press to display the previous page of the program list Use the button to move several pages back Next page button Press to display the next page of the program list Use the button to m...

Page 48: ... and select a rotor from the Rotor catalog screen The selected rotor is displayed in the rotor model display registration field 1 in the program registration screen For details refer to Section 3 2 3 Setting Run Parameters 3 3 1 1Program Registration Procedures 1 Rotor model display registration field 2 Registered user display registration field 3 Remarks display registration field 4 Folder color ...

Page 49: ...white area in the remarks display registration field 3 to enter a remark You can omit this operation Enter a remark and press the Enter button You can enter a character string with up to 16 characters Remarks entered in the remarks display registration field 3 in the program registration screen appear 8 Select the color of the folder you want to register in the folder color display registration fi...

Page 50: ...OK button For details refer to Section 3 2 1 Setting Run Parameters Example SPEED 100 000 rpm TIME 10 00 TEMP 10 0 C The run parameter entry display screen appears 1 SPEED setting value display field 2 TIME setting value display field 3 TEMP setting value display field 4 ACCEL setting value display field 5 DECEL setting value display field 6 RCFmax setting value display field 7 RCFavg setting valu...

Page 51: ...ep 14 and step 17 respectively 14 To set an RCF value press the white area in the RCFmax setting display field 6 or the RCFavg setting display field 7 Operations up to step 16 are only required when an RCF value is set The run parameter entry display screen reappears The SPEED TIME TEMP display fields and the on screen keypad appear Selecting a rotor in step 5 will make it possible to compute and ...

Page 52: ... T setting value display field 8 Operations up to step 18 are only required when a ω2 T value is set The RCFavg value is computed and displayed from the set RCFmax value NOTE If the SPEED value entered in step 11 differs from the SPEED value computed from the RCF value set here the value entered in step 11 is replaced with the computed value The run parameter entry display screen reappears NOTE Ex...

Page 53: ...numeric value is entered in the SPEED TIME TEMP ACCEL or DECEL field will generate an error and the field where the error occurred turns red An inappropriate setting value will also cause the field with the error to be displayed in red Example When SPEED and TIME are not set 2 Be sure to set the SPEED TIME TEMP ACCEL and DECEL run parameters Program registration and operation can be performed with...

Page 54: ...creen opens the Program list screen 21 Check that the registered program has been added to the program list and press the X button 22 Press the X button in the program display screen The Function Selection Area reappears in the Program display screen The Program list screen appears Program registered in this example The Run screen reappears 3 3 1 1 Program Registration Procedures X button The Chec...

Page 55: ... how to change registered data for program No 0008 3 Press the MENU button 4 Press the Change button in the MENU box and make changes as described in steps 5 to 8 in 1 Procedures for registration of run parameters The Program list screen appears The selected folder is surrounded by a blue frame Program No Selected folder MENU box The MENU box appears in the Program list screen The Program registra...

Page 56: ...to 18 in 1 Procedures for registration of run parameters To add new run parameters press the empty area STEP 2 in this example after the registered STEP and press the Edit button 8 Check the changes and press the Register button 1 When changes are registered the previous run parameter is deleted and the changed parameter becomes effective 2 Run parameters cannot be recorded during operation when t...

Page 57: ...lete program No 0008 2 Press the MENU button 3 Press the Delete button in the Edit field 4 Press the YES button in the delete confirmation message The file selected in the program list is deleted A program that is deleted cannot be restored Check carefully before you delete MENU box The MENU box appears in the Program list screen A delete confirmation message appears NOTE 3 3 1 1 Program Registrat...

Page 58: ...program list The example shows how to copy program No 0008 3 Press the MENU button 4 Press the Copy button in the MENU field and enter the number of the program you want to register The unregistered program with the lowest number is displayed when the screens change To register to another number press the program no entry field and enter the desired number on the on screen keypad The Program list ...

Page 59: ...Enter button The Enter button will not accept the entry of an already registered program No The copied program is registered under a new number The Program list screen appears The copied and newly registered program folder 3 3 1 1 Program Registration Procedures 3 36 ...

Page 60: ...un screen appears 2 Press the PROGRAM button in the Function Selection Area 3 Press the Program No button in the Program display screen 4 Use the on screen keypad to enter the number of the program you want to call and press the Enter button 3 3 1 2 Programmed Operation Procedures The Program No entry screen appears Program No entry field Program display screen PROGRAM button The display again sho...

Page 61: ...eration refer to 2 Step Mode Operation Procedures in Section 3 3 1 3 Step Mode Operation Procedures 5 Do not change the run parameters after starting a run Operate the centrifuge according to the instructions in Section 3 2 5 Operation Procedures 3 3 1 2 Programmed Operation Procedures NOTE Reentering changing the run parameters for example SPEED TIME etc after calling a program will cancel a call...

Page 62: ...tered to that color design Pressing the ALL button will display all folders regardless of their color or design in order Use the and buttons to turn pages 5 a If the Folder button indication makes clear which program folder you want to call press that Folder button Check that the periphery of the folder turns blue and press the Select button The Function Selection Area changes to the Program displ...

Page 63: ...rate the centrifuge according to the instructions in Section 3 2 5 Operation Procedures Reentering changing the run parameters for example SPEED TIME etc after calling a program will cancel a called program To combine programmed operation and RTC operation refer to Section 3 3 4 RTC Real Time Control operation set RTC after calling the program When a program includes step mode operation the run ti...

Page 64: ...ion conditions which prevents processing samples too many or too few times Operation procedures are described using examples below 1 Registration Procedures for Step Mode Operation Setting example The following describes the setup procedures for continuous operation under the three step run parameters shown in the figure below In this example the operations described in Fig 3 3 1 1 will be perform...

Page 65: ...ossible to compute and display RCFmax and RCFavg values from the set SPEED value 4 Press the Next Step button and enter the run parameters for step 2 from the run parameter entry display screen for step 2 The value entered in STEP 1 is copied to the run parameter entry display screen The run parameter entry display screen appears STEP 1 SPEED 100 000 rpm TIME 1 h 30 min TEMP 4 0 C ACCEL 9 DECEL 9 ...

Page 66: ...s blue 7 Check the entries displayed for each step in the run parameter setting display screen If they are correct press the X button and press the X button in the Program registration screen 8 Check that the folder you just registered has been added to and is displayed in the Program list screen before pressing the X button The Run screen reappears Register button The run parameter entry display ...

Page 67: ...ext step the acceleration time is included in the remaining time However time for deceleration is not counted and the time count resumes when the following step starts 3 Run parameters cannot be stored during operation when the rotor is turning Perform this operation when the centrifuge is not running 4 To combine step mode operation and RTC Real Time Control operation refer to Section 3 3 4 RTC R...

Page 68: ...ur HOLD 1 hour Temperature 15 0 C 15 0 C 15 0 C 15 0 C 15 0 C Acceleration mode 9 9 9 Deceleration mode 7 7 7 Step Touchscreen operation Screen displays and notes 1 As described in steps 1 to 8 in 1 Procedures for registration of run parameters in Section 3 3 1 1 Program registration procedures enter the Program No registered rotor user and remarks select a folder color and press the Next button I...

Page 69: ...nnot be made 4 Press the Next Step button and enter the run parameters for step 5 from step 3 5 Finally press the Register button The entered values are displayed in the STEP 1 to 5 fields To correct entry errors press the STEP field you want to correct and press the Edit button to make corrections when the field turns blue 3 3 1 3 Step Mode Operation Procedures STEP 2 SPEED 0 rpm TEMP 15 0 C Next...

Page 70: ...and press the START button according to the instructions in Section 3 2 5 Operation Procedures When processing samples that are sensitive to temperature rises press the VACUUM button to obtain a high vacuum level in the rotor chamber before pressing the START button The vacuum pump starts operating and temperature control starts The START button lamp flashes and the rotor starts turning The indica...

Page 71: ...processing After performing the required processing install the rotor close the door and be sure to press the START button 6 Repeat these operations as required 1 If the run parameters are changed during step operation and the 0 rpm step the program will be canceled and no further steps will be processed 2 When the rotor is removed in performing a 0 rpm step close the door of the rotor chamber unt...

Page 72: ...nd inside tube cavities Refer to the instruction manual supplied with the rotor When rotors with both inside and outside tube cavities are used the instrument can calculate the speed and RCF value of the outer tube cavities Step Touchscreen operation Screen displays and notes 1 Press the rotor indicator field in the Run screen If the desired rotor has not been set press the rotor indicator field t...

Page 73: ...s example 475 000 x g will be set as the RCFmax value that is displayed when the RCF field is pressed 5 Press the on screen keypad to enter a setting value All except the last two digits turn blue The set value turns blue indicating it is waiting for user input Calculated RCFavg value The RCF setting screen appears Set rotor model Calculated RCFmax value The entered value is displayed in blue On s...

Page 74: ...and the rotor set in step 1 the value here is 355 000 x g Use the same procedure as for RCFmax to set RCFavg 7 Press the X button to return to the Run screen The RCF display screen shows the set RCFmax RCFavg values The SPEED setting value display field sets and displays the value 76 900 rpm calculated from the RCF value The Run screen appears The entered value is confirmed SPEED display 3 3 2 RCF...

Page 75: ...een displays and notes 1 Set the speed according to the instructions in Section 3 2 1 Setting run parameters 2 Press the ω2 T button in the Function Selection Area in the Run screen 3 Press the ω2 T display screen field 4 Press the field of the item you want to set 3 3 3 ω 2 T Operation ω2 T button ω2 T display ω2 T setting value Left area Mantissa Right area Exponent The ω 2 T setting screen appe...

Page 76: ...n the run time area When the ω2 T setting value and the current ω2 T value are identical deceleration starts and the current ω2 T value shows the total value until the rotor stops 1 If the SPEED and TIME are reset after setting the ω2 T value ω2 T operation is canceled 2 Pressing the X button in the ω2 T display screen will redisplay the Function Selection Area but the ω2 T setting is retained and...

Page 77: ...n October 24 and removing the samples around 9 30 the next morning 1 Rotor T 8100 2 Speed 100 000 rpm 3 Separation time 3 hours 4 Control temperature 4 C 5 Acceleration mode 9 6 Deceleration mode 9 In this example set above run parameters 1 to 6 then set the RTC operation start time to 6 30 October 25 and start the centrifuge Note that setting an end time of 9 30 instead of the start time 6 30 wil...

Page 78: ...unction Selection Area in the Run screen 3 Press the RTC display screen field The current date and time is displayed the month is displayed in blue and the unit is ready to accept entries The RTC setting screen appears RTC button 3 3 4 RTC Real Time Control Operation Setting value display field The setting value is displayed in the setting value display field The setting value is displayed in the ...

Page 79: ...or Hour Enter a date and time later than the current time The stop time should take centrifugation time into account and centrifugation start time should be set to a time later than current time 5 Press the Enter button 6 Press the START button The vacuum pump goes on and temperature control starts The RTC display screen shows the START time and STOP time indicating that RTC operation is ready to ...

Page 80: ... press the Cancel button in the RTC setting screen 3 When logging in as a user refer to Section 3 2 4 Logging in as a User pressing the Cancel button in the RTC screen will display the PIN entry field shown below Enter your login PIN or the administrator PIN in this field 4 To combine programmed operation including step mode operation and RTC operation set RTC after calling the program The centrif...

Page 81: ...un History The centrifuge can automatically store up to 5 120 run parameters for past runs For details refer to Section 3 4 1 Outputting and Reusing Run History Display and Run Parameters Rotor Catalog Allows you to browse available rotors and their specifications For details refer to Section 3 4 2 Rotor Catalog Zonal Settings Allows you to switch between normal and zonal operation For details ref...

Page 82: ... works best for you For details refer to Section 3 4 5 Customizing Manager Admin Allows you to set administrator functions such as user lockout etc For details refer to Section 3 4 6 Admin Function Instrument ID Service Contact Enter an ID to identify your instrument For details refer to Section 3 4 7 Instrument ID Service Contact Information Press the icon for the function you want to use and sel...

Page 83: ...ding for a new run the speed field will be displayed in gray Pressing this field will change the display in the following order SPEED RCFmax RCFavg In the history of ω2 T operation the run time field is displayed in gray Pressing this field will change the display in the following order TIME ω2 T When an alert occurs the Stop condition field provides details on the alert 3 4 1 Outputting and Reusi...

Page 84: ...sing Run History output and User rotor run history 2 1 Outputting Run History Step Touchscreen operation Screen displays and notes 1 Press the Run History button in the MENU screen and press the Menu button at the bottom left in the Run History screen 2 Insert a USB flash drive into the USB host port and press the Export Run history in the MENU box This outputs the recorded run history to external...

Page 85: ...History details as described in 1 Checking and Reusing Run History You can also use this function to reuse history data User cells The Menu box in Run History appears The User Run History screen appears NOTE 1 Pressing the USB EXPORT button at the bottom left of the screen outputs the total operation results per user to a USB flash drive in the CSV file format 2 The centrifuge does not support sec...

Page 86: ...ry details as described in 1 Checking and Reusing Run History You can also use this function to reuse history data The Menu box in Run History appears The Rotor Run History screen appears The selected Rotor Run History List screen for the selected rotor appears Selected rotor name 3 4 1 Outputting and Reusing Run History Display and Run Parameters NOTE 1 Pressing the USB EXPORT button at the botto...

Page 87: ...ALOG screen press the field of the desired rotor type Press the and buttons to turn pages 3 Press the desired rotor cell to open the Rotor details screen This catalog provides information on rotor models and rotor specifications The ROTOR CATALOG screen appears The Rotor List screen appears A screen showing rotor specifications appears 3 4 2 Rotor Catalog Rotor cell Selected rotor type 3 64 ...

Page 88: ... the X button to return to the previous page Use the MENU tab to return to the previous MENU screen Use the Run screen tab to return to the Run screen The Touchscreen again displays the previous screen the MENU screen or the Run screen 3 4 2 Rotor Catalog 3 65 ...

Page 89: ... run speeds refer to Section 3 4 6 7 CAUTION Zonal centrifugation includes operations where the rotor will turn while the door is open Be sure to read through the Zonal rotor instruction manual before operation NOTE When zonal operation is set zonal specific temperature control temperature control for unpainted rotors should be used Use of rotors other than zonal rotors will lead to small deviatio...

Page 90: ...ed The MENU screen will reappear if the MENU tab or the X button is pressed instead of the Run screen tab 6 Set run parameters for high speed according to the instructions in Section 3 2 1 Setting Run Parameters The Set Validation No screen appears ZONAL operation is enabled when the ZONAL button is surrounded by a yellow frame The Run screen appears 3 4 3 Zonal Operation Procedures Zonal operatio...

Page 91: ...the instructions in the instruction manual 9 Press the VACUUM button to start the vacuum pump and press the START button again Check the run parameters and press the YES button The rotor accelerates to the set speed and stabilizes 1 Set run time starts counting down when you press the START button However you can change the run time range to count down only when the rotor turns at a stable speed R...

Page 92: ... by hand from the rotor and the seal assembly is installed when the rotor is turning Perform this operation with care and be sure to follow the instructions in the instruction manual 13 Press the STOP button Check that samples have been unloaded and press the YES button The rotor decelerates and stops 14 Remove the rotor Gently remove the rotor when it has stopped turning 15 To stop zonal operatio...

Page 93: ...tart defrosting If the DEFROST button is pressed when the rotor is standing still and the door is open the function will be disabled a few seconds later and the Function Selection Area in the Run screen will display a Door open alert Be sure to close the door when starting defrosting after the rotor stopped 3 Press the Run screen tab The touchscreen displays the Run screen again Defrost is indicat...

Page 94: ...s the VACUUM button to activate the air leak valve and stop defrosting Press the DEFROST button from the MENU tab and select Normal 1 Be sure to close the door when defrosting is started after the rotor has stopped 2 Wipe the rotor chamber dry if there is plenty of moisture 3 Enabling the defrost function when the rotor is turning starts defrosting when the rotor decelerates Then the bowl is heate...

Page 95: ...n 3 4 5 2 0 Sound volume Adjusts the sound volume of the stop signal For details refer to Section 3 4 5 3 Back light Adjusts the screen backlight For details refer to Section 3 4 5 4 Display language Switches between Japanese and English For details refer to Section 3 4 5 5 Schedule Enables registration of a centrifuge schedule For details refer to Section 3 4 5 6 3 4 5 Customizing This function a...

Page 96: ...t display mode Confirm that the selected button is surrounded by a green frame before pressing the CUSTOM tab or X button to store the setting To switch from the zoom screen to the normal screen during operation press anywhere in the display area except the STOP button The zoom screen will then automatically return to the normal screen in 20 seconds 2 Stop signal setting Pressing the selected stop...

Page 97: ...to adjust screen brightness Press to darken the screen Press to brighten the screen Press the CUSTOM tab or the X button to return to the CUSTOM screen and confirm the settings 2 Setting dimming backlight mode The dimming backlight mode allows you to dim unnecessary touchscreen lighting for example when you are not using it or during operation Each press of the button either enables or disables th...

Page 98: ... set time period also during operation 5 Language switch button 6 Schedule 1 Method for registering centrifuge schedules Step Touchscreen operation Instrument operations and notes 1 Press the Schedule button 2 Press the Add button Use the and buttons to turn pages in the user list Press this icon to switch the display language between Japanese and English This centrifuge allows you to record regis...

Page 99: ...desired date and time on the on screen keypad 6 Enter the desired schedule time and press the Enter button The Schedule list shows registered schedules Press the X button the CUSTOM tab the Run screen tab or the MENU tab NOTE Enter a time later than the current time The User PIN field appears The Schedule date time entry screen appears Start time End time 3 4 5 Customizing The Schedule list screen...

Page 100: ...e Use the and buttons to turn pages in the schedule list 3 Check the schedule details of the cell that turned blue and press the Delete button 4 Press the YES button to delete or NO to cancel 3 4 5 Customizing The CUSTOM screen is replaced by the Schedule screen The User PIN field appears The selected cell turns blue A delete confirmation message appears Delete button 3 77 ...

Page 101: ...red date as described in 1 Method for registering centrifuge schedules 7 Date time setting Press the field of the item you want to set The selected field is displayed in red Confirming that the field of the item you want to set is red use the on screen keypad to enter the current date and time Instead of pressing a field you can use the and buttons on the on screen keypad to move the red area Pres...

Page 102: ...faults Display color Display pattern Brightness 1 When stopped Blue Steady lighting Intermediate 2 During acceleration Blue Slow blinking 3 When stabilized Blue Slow blinking 4 Decelerating Red Slow blinking 5 During evacuation Blue Slow blinking 6 Economy mode Green Steady lighting 7 When accelerating to zonal speed normally 3 000 rpm Blue Slow blinking 8 When decelerating from zonal speed Blue S...

Page 103: ... displayed in the selected color 4 Press the CUSTOM tab the X button the Run screen tab or the MENU tab Press the CUSTOM tab or the X button to return to the CUSTOM screen Press the Run screen tab or MENU tab to return to the respective screen 1 If an alert color and pattern are selected for something other than an alert a message appears notifying that such a choice will make it more difficult to...

Page 104: ...ed frame and the status display lamp LED indicator is test displayed in the selected pattern 4 Press the CUSTOM tab the X button the Run screen tab or the MENU tab Press the CUSTOM tab or the X button to return to the CUSTOM screen Press the Run screen tab or MENU tab to return to the respective screen The Pattern palette screen appears The LED indicator setting screen appears Select pattern butto...

Page 105: ...ple Changing waiting time until economy mode is engaged to 10 minutes 3 4 5 Customizing When economy mode is enabled the touchscreen backlight will automatically dim and the cooling fan will stop turning to reduce power consumption when the centrifuge has been left idle for a preset period of time The Enable button is surrounded by a green frame and the time until the economy mode is engaged is in...

Page 106: ...my mode touch the touchscreen This will enable all operations and the door can be opened 4 Even if economy mode is temporarily canceled the centrifuge will reengage economy mode when the set wait time elapses as long as the rotor is at standstill and the vacuum pump is not operating 5 When room temperature is high and the instrument needs to be cooled the cooling fan may continue operating even wh...

Page 107: ...etails refer to Section 3 4 6 2 Rotor management You can control total run time and number of runs For details refer to Section 3 4 6 3 Run time indication Allows you to change the centrifuge run time indication For details refer to Section 3 4 6 4 Actual run timer Allows you to select the actual run timer For details refer to Section 3 4 6 5 3 4 6 Admin Function This function allows you to access...

Page 108: ... appear After completing the settings press the tab of the screen you want to return to for example the Run screen 1 User management 1 Method for registering users Step Touchscreen operation Screen displays and notes 1 Press the User Management button 2 Press the Add User button The centrifuge can register store up to 50 users that are managed at three different management levels Methods for regis...

Page 109: ... character in the User name field starting from the rightmost position Enter button Press to register the entered user name The Register PIN screen appears X button Press to return to the User management screen 3 Enter the name of the user you want to register 4 Check the entry and press the Enter button 5 Enter a PIN four numeric digits and press the Enter button The Check PIN registration screen...

Page 110: ...operations User Allowed to perform START STOP and VACUUM operations For details refer to Fig 3 4 6 2 Operations permitted by each access level 7 Select an access level The added user name and access level are displayed again 8 Press the ADMIN tab the X button the Run screen tab or the MENU tab Press the ADMIN tab or the X button to return to the ADMIN screen Press the Run screen tab or MENU tab to...

Page 111: ...Delete user button to delete a registered user Press the YES button to open the PIN field Enter the PIN of the user you want to delete and press the Enter button The user field will be deleted when the User management screen is opened the next time The Admin screen replaces the user management screen The selected user field changes from white to blue 3 4 6 Admin Function The Menu box appears A del...

Page 112: ...t PIN appears Enter the current PIN and press the Enter button 2 A screen for entering a new PIN appears Enter the new PIN and press the Enter button 3 A field for confirming the PIN appears Enter the PIN entered in step 2 and press the Enter button The PIN is confirmed and the User management screen reappears The field for entering the current PIN appears A field for entering a new PIN appears A ...

Page 113: ...s surrounded by a red frame and user lockout is disabled 4 Press the YES button The Enable button is surrounded by a red frame and user lockout is enabled Press the ADMIN tab or the X button to return to the ADMIN screen 2 Method for enabling user lockout Press the USER area in the Run screen as described in Section 3 2 4 Logging in as a User and select a registered user Further operation is not p...

Page 114: ...ed during user lockout are listed below Table 3 4 6 2 Operations at each access level Administrator Supervisor User Run screen Change run parameters Clear alerts START STOP VACUUM button operations Select rotors User login Function Programmed operation Register change delete Select RCF function w2 function Change Reference RTC function Register change delete Reference MENU Run History Check Extern...

Page 115: ...he Sorvall WX Ultra series centrifuges have the capability to keep track of the number of runs and hours of use for each rotor This information can be used to automatically notify the user of the need for deration at the end of the primary life and to preclude the use of rotors once their warranted life as defined by these parameters have come to an end To utilize this feature each time a rotor is...

Page 116: ...creen refer to Section 3 2 3 Rotor Selection simultaneous with the change in maximum permitted speed Once the maximum permitted speed is derated the actual speed of the rotor is automatically restricted within the new limits The rotor life management data stored in the ultracentrifuge is not covered by the warranty When a rotor is used with the ultracentrifuge be sure to record the rotor managemen...

Page 117: ...lays and notes 1 Press the User Management button 2 Press the Add rotor button 3 In the ROTOR CATALOG screen select the desired rotor type 4 Select a rotor to register Check that the field turns blue and press the Enter button Select a rotor press the Details button to open the Rotor details screen to check rotor specifications The Rotor Management screen appears Add rotor button The ROTOR CATALOG...

Page 118: ...entrifuge Before the rotor can be used in this centrifuge again the performance results from the other centrifuge must be added to enable correct management of run time and number of runs Step Touchscreen operation Screen displays and notes 1 Press the Rotor Management button select a rotor to register and enter the serial number 2 Check that the field of the rotor registered in step 1 is blue and...

Page 119: ...he other centrifuge enter it and press the Enter button If usage data has already been entered add the usage data for the other centrifuge Use the button to enter decimals A value that is lower than the currently registered time cannot be entered 7 Press the Run screen tab to return to the Run screen The display again shows the Run screen The Total run time entry screen appears The Rotor managemen...

Page 120: ...ined 1 is the default selection that is automatically made when a rotor is installed without selecting Undefined 2 or another rotor from the rotor list It records the run history of all rotors that are installed in the same way 2 Select Undefined 2 rotor for a specific rotor whose run history you want to record without registering it 3 Undefined 1 rotor and undefined 2 rotor cannot be deleted The ...

Page 121: ...g 5 Actual run timer 1 Enable button Run time is counted down when the set speed is obtained 2 Disable button Run time is counted down right after the START button is pressed Press to select either the Enable or the Disable Confirm that the selected button is surrounded by a red frame before pressing the X button or ADMIN tab to store the setting 3 4 6 Admin Function Select either the elapsed time...

Page 122: ...creen displays and notes 1 Press the ZONAL SPEED button 2 Enter the desired speed on the on screen keypad and press the Enter button The entered value is displayed in blue Pressing the Enter button turns the ZONAL speed indication black showing that the setting has been recorded 3 Press the ADMIN tab the X button the Run screen tab or the MENU tab Press the ADMIN tab or the X button to return to t...

Page 123: ...LAN port is located among the external connections on the right side of the instrument refer to Section 2 1 External view External connections LAN port The LAN is correctly connected The LAN is not properly connected Check LAN cable connection on the instrument side start up the LogManager and check LAN network operation 3 4 6 Admin Function Connects and disconnects LAN communications When the cen...

Page 124: ... Press the service contact field Enter a memo for the contact address of the authorized service center and press the Enter button The instrument ID and the service contact display setting screen reappear displaying the entered memo You can enter a character string with up to 30 characters 3 4 7 Instrument ID Service Contact Information When multiple instruments are used set separate IDs in each Se...

Page 125: ...splays and notes 4 Press the MENU tab X button or the Run screen tab Press the MENU tab or the X button to return to the MENU screen Press the Run screen tab to display the Run screen 3 4 7 Instrument ID Service Contact Information 3 102 ...

Page 126: ...If the power is restored when the current speed is more than 500 rpm the rotor will be automatically accelerated to the set speed If it is restored when the current speed is less than 500 rpm the rotor will decelerate to a stop 2 Displays on the panel During the power failure all the displays on the control panel are off When the power is restored the centrifuge will restart the control of the run...

Page 127: ... the vacuum chamber and at the same time push the door handle Then the door opens When opening the door confirm that the rotor is not rotating If it is still rotating immediately close the door WARNING Never touch the rotor while it is rotating 6 Remove the rotor After the removal close the air vent and put the front cover back to the ultracentrifuge Insert the top surface of the front cover in th...

Page 128: ...t cover 7 Turn on the power breaker CAUTION When the centrifuge will not be used for a long time keep the power breaker off 3 5 Happenings whenPower Failure Occurs Handle Vacuum release screw Power breaker Door unlock wire M5 hexagon head bolt for fixing the front cover 4 pcs Vacuum chamber ...

Page 129: ...sponsibility to sterilize or decontaminate the centrifuge rotor or the accessory properly before requesting repairs from a Thermo Fisher Scientific authorized sales service representative Note that Thermo Fisher Scientific cannot repair the centrifuge rotor or the accessory unless sterilization or decontamination is completed 3 It is your responsibility to sterilize and or decontaminate the centri...

Page 130: ...ntain the rotor chamber follow the instructions given below 1 When the ultracentrifuge is not in use keep the rotor chamber ventilated 2 If the bowl is moist wipe it with a clean dry cloth or sponge 3 If the rotor chamber is dirty wipe it with a clean cloth or sponge dampened with a diluted solution of mild non alkaline detergent While doing this be careful not to touch the window of the temperatu...

Page 131: ...ed solution of neutral detergent If any solution that is toxic radioactive or pathogenic is spilt inside or outside the centrifuge take necessary action according to your proper laboratory procedures and methods 4 4 Others 1 Storage period of service parts Service parts are kept in stock ten years after the discontinuation of production The term service parts means the parts that are necessary to ...

Page 132: ...y to sterilize or decontaminate the centrifuge rotor or the accessory properly before requesting repairs from a Thermo Fisher Scientific authorized sales service representative Note that Thermo Fisher Scientific cannot repair the centrifuge rotor or the accessory unless sterilization or decontamination is completed 3 It is your responsibility to sterilize and or decontaminate the centrifuge rotor ...

Page 133: ... a repair Table 5 1 Alert List Alert Cause Action POWER FAILURE 1 A power failure occurred while the rotor was rotating Unless the set run time has elapsed restart the run If the instrument was automatically restored and the rotor is rotating at set speed then let the run continue Refer also to section 3 5 Happenings when power failure occurs INVALID SPEED 1 Rotor speed is set higher than the maxi...

Page 134: ...secondary life When a Rotor life 1 alert signal occurs it indicates that this rotor reaches the final life after it is operated for twenty times or 100 hours or the less Check that the total number of runs and hours on the Rotor Management screen Do not use the rotor any more when it reaches the final life Refer to the instruction manuals of each rotors Rotor Life 2 1 The rotor life almost reaches...

Page 135: ...ntrifuge does not function even if no problems are reported do the following Symptom Cause Remedy The ultracentrifuge can not be energized be by turning ON the POWER switch The circuit breaker connected to the ultracentrifuge is tripped Reset the circuit breaker and turn on the POWER switch The rotor cannot cool down or the rotor temperature is rising Poor vacuum Check whether the oil of the vacuu...

Page 136: ...sure to read the rating label If the power source specifications do not match the available power source you can change the power source specifications by manually selecting the desired tapping on the internal transformer Provide an emergency switch circuit breaker intended for this centrifuge only to turn off the centrifuge power in the event of failure It is recommended to provide that switch at...

Page 137: ...rifuge cooling capacity WARNING The centrifuge itself may move if the rotor fails during high speed rotation Make sure there is a 30 cm area around the centrifuge that will allow for such movement and do not allow individuals to enter into that area during operation Also do not place dangerous objects such as flammable or explosive materials on top of the centrifuge or in the surrounding area Fig ...

Page 138: ...ribution board in accordance with ANSI NFPA 70 NEC with CSA C22 1 CEC Part Ⅰ or with both as appropriate The green yellow wire is a grounding wire Your centrifuge must be grounded properly 2 When the plug Part No 84440401 is included in the accessories of your centrifuge and you want to connect the power cord to the wall receptacle NEMA 6 30R connect the plug and the end of the power cord For the ...

Page 139: ... the instrument is level check that the four leveling screws are secured to the floor 5 Moving the ultracentrifuge When moving the ultracentrifuge disconnect the power cord and unscrew the leveling screws with a wrench to lower the caster to the floor Raise the leveling screws enough to remove the leveling pads then move the ultracentrifuge After moving be sure to install and level the instrument ...

Page 140: ...claimed defective must be returned to Thermo Fisher Scientific transportation charges prepaid and will be returned to Buyer with transportation charges prepaid Thermo Fisher Scientific will be released from all obligations under this warranty in the event that any such instruments have been installed by or repairs or modifications are made by persons other than its own or service personnel authori...

Page 141: ...e limitations of the liability of Thermo Fisher Scientific as set forth above shall not be binding upon Thermo Fisher Scientific unless reduced to writing and approved by Thermo Fisher Scientific NO CLAIM OF ANY KIND WHETHER IT IS TO GOODS DELIVERED OR FOR NON DELIVERY OF GOODS SHALL BE GREATER IN AMOUNT THAN THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE GOODS IN RESPECT OF WHICH SUCH DAMAGES ARE CLAIMED AND FAILURE ...

Page 142: ...ied with the ultracentrifuge Item Name Part No Q ty Item drawing Remarks Instruction manual 1 Simulation CD ass y 1 Compass Software Vacuum pump oil 45128 1 Supplied in 1 liter NEO VAC Containers MR100 M4 binding screw 4 Hex bar wrench 1 Vacuum grease 65937 1 8 1 ...

Page 143: ...aminate door and rotor chamber using an appropriate method 2 Complete and attach Decontamination Information Certificate in the back of your rotor or instrument manual to the centrifuge before servicing or return to Thermo facility If Certificate is not available attach a written statement verifying decontamination what was the contaminant and what decontamination method was used If the centrifuge...

Page 144: ...ment certifying that the unit has been properly decontaminated and outlining the procedures used will be acceptable NOTE The Field Service Engineer will note on the Customer Service Repair Report if decontamination was required and if so what the contaminant was and what procedure was used If no decontamination was required it will be so stated WEEE Compliance This product is required to comply wi...

Page 145: ...nge Not all products are available in all countries Please consult your local sales representative for details Shown pictures within the manual are examples and may differ considering the set parameters and language 50145792 a original instruction manual published in 08 2014 United States Canada 1 866 984 3766 Latin America 1 866 984 3766 Austria 43 1 801 40 0 Belgium 32 53 73 42 41 France 33 2 28...

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