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Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories SEL-351, Instruction Manual

The Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories SEL-351 is a cutting-edge product designed to enhance electrical system protection. For comprehensive guidance on using this device, our detailed user manual is available for free download at manualshive.com. Equip yourself with the necessary knowledge by accessing the instruction manual today!

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Date Code 20001006

Inputs, Outputs, Timers, and Other Control Logic

7-25

SEL-351 Instruction Manual

Timer pickup setting SV8PU is set greater than the pulse width of the SCADA contact
(Figure 7.20).  This allows only one active setting group change (e.g., from setting Group 1 to 4)
for each pulse of the SCADA contact (and subsequent assertion of input IN5).  The function of the
SEL

OGIC

 Control Equations in Table 7.5 becomes more apparent in the following example

scenario.

Start Out in Setting Group 1

Refer to Figure 7.22.

The relay has been in setting Group 1 for some time, with timer logic output SV8T asserted to
logical 1, thus enabling SEL

OGIC

 Control Equation setting SS4 for the assertion of input IN5.

Switch to Setting Group 4

Refer to Figure 7.22.

The SCADA contact pulses input IN5, and the active setting group changes to setting Group 4
after qualifying time setting TGR (perhaps set at a cycle or so to qualify the assertion of setting
SS4).  Optoisolated input IN5 also has its own built-in debounce timer (IN5D) available (see
Figure 7.1).

Note that Figure 7.22 shows both setting Group 1 and setting Group 4 settings.  The setting
Group 1 settings (top of Figure 7.22) are enabled only when setting Group 1 is the active setting
group and likewise for the setting Group 4 settings at the bottom of the figure.

Setting Group 4 is now the active setting group, and Relay Word bit SG4 asserts to logical 1.
After the relay has been in setting Group 4 for a time period equal to SV8PU, the timer logic
output SV8T asserts to logical 1, thus enabling SEL

OGIC

 Control Equation setting SS1 for a new

assertion of input IN5.

Note that input IN5 is still asserted as setting Group 4 is activated.  Pickup time SV8PU keeps the
continued assertion of input IN5 from causing the active setting group to revert back again to
setting Group 1 for a single assertion of input IN5.  This keeps the active setting group from being
changed at a time interval less than time SV8PU.

Switch Back to Setting Group 1

Refer to Figure 7.22.

The SCADA contact pulses input IN5 a second time, and the active setting group changes back to
setting Group 1 after qualifying time setting TGR (perhaps set at a cycle or so to qualify the
assertion of setting SS1).  Optoisolated input IN5 also has its own built-in debounce timer (IN5D)
available (see Figure 7.1).

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Summary of Contents for SEL-351

Page 1: ... OVERCURRENT RELAY RECLOSING RELAY FAULT LOCATOR INSTRUCTION MANUAL SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES 2350 NE HOPKINS COURT PULLMAN WA USA 99163 5603 TEL 509 332 1890 FAX 509 332 7990 Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 2: ...gistered trademark of their respective holders Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories SELOGIC Connectorized Job Done and are registered trademarks of Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories The English language manual is the only approved SEL manual Copyright SEL 1997 1998 1999 2000 All rights reserved Printed in USA This product is covered by U S Patent Numbers 5 041 737 5 208 545 5 317 472 5 349 490 5 ...

Page 3: ...on section has been created to begin a record of revisions to this manual All changes will be recorded in this Summary of Revisions table 20001006 This revision includes the following changes Section 1 Corrected phase angle accuracy of synchronism check elements Section 2 Updated Figure 2 1 and accompanying text Added cable for SEL DTA2 to Table 2 1 Added note to Table 2 7 Fast Operate Section 3 C...

Page 4: ...e setting option for delta connected voltages to Settings Sheet 9 Expanded setting range for 27B81P on Settings Sheet 9 Added description of RTSCTS MBT setting choice to the Port Settings Sheet Added AUTO DTA setting choice to the Port Settings Sheet Section 10 Added DTA2 compatibility information Added notes about powering down the relay after setting the date or time Corrected HIS command inform...

Page 5: ...ECPLV and DECPLM settings for DNP Appendix I Added MIRRORED BITS SET P Settings Sheet 20000424 This revision includes the following literature changes no firmware changes Section 4 Updated documentation to reflect the corrected loss of potential V1 unlatch threshold already incorporated in firmware revisions R111 and R205 Appendix A Corrected Firmware Version information page to add the loss of po...

Page 6: ...mpensation angle settings for synchronism check Settings Sheet 9 of 24 Added the MB8A and MB8B serial port protocol settings options for MIRRORED BITS protocol operating on communication channels requiring an eight bit data format Settings Sheet 24 of 24 Appendix A Updated Firmware Version information Appendix B Updated Firmware Upgrade Instructions Appendix H Updated screen capture on page H 14 A...

Page 7: ... 10 Updated Table 10 1 Table 10 2 and Table 10 3 Section 11 Updated all diagrams in the Rotating Default Display subsection 990106 This revision includes the following changes Added 110 Vdc optional input level to Optoisolated Input Ratings in Section 1 Introduction and Specifications Added 110 V nominal battery voltage to Section 8 Breaker Monitor Metering and Load Profile Functions 981130 This r...

Page 8: ...nd Date in Table H 2 in Appendix H Distributed Network Protocol DNP V3 00 980915 This revision includes the following changes Updated Appendix A Firmware Versions 980820 This revision includes the following changes Added Voltage Sag Swell Interruption elements to Section 3 Overcurrent Voltage Synchronism Check Frequency and Power Elements Updated Relay Word and Explanations in Section9 Setting the...

Page 9: ... in the wrong place The OPEN command is no longer embedded in the trip logic in Figure 5 1 see the Note following 4 2 or in the drive to lockout logic see the Note in the Lockout State discussion following Table 6 1 Execution of the OPEN command no longer prevents the COMM target LED from illuminating for a trip This provides additional options for the COMM target LED discussed in the Front Panel ...

Page 10: ...ware Protocol in Section 10 Serial Port Communications and Commands Added Appendix H Added part number PARTNO to Appendix B Firmware Upgrade Instructions 970711 This revision includes the following changes Added SEL 351 Relay Models 035100 and 035101 Table 1 1 and accompanying text give an overview of the differences between the various SEL 351 Relay Models Table 1 1 references other figures that ...

Page 11: ...ercurrent element and demand current pickup specifications updated in the Settings Sheets at the end of Section 9 Setting the Relay Channel IN current transformer ratio setting CTRN range expanded to 10 000 Modified Recloser Logic Relay goes to the Lockout State for Open Command execution see OPE Command Open Breaker in Section 10 Serial Communications and Commands Other Significant Manual Changes...

Page 12: ...on Date Summary of Revisions Section 9 Page 9 7 add clarifying statement to text preceding Table 9 3 Section 9 Settings Sheets Page 7 of 18 fix typographical error under Reclosing Relay Page 10 of 18 add clarifying statement to text at top of page Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 13: ...SECTION 9 SETTING THE RELAY SECTION 10 SERIAL PORT COMMUNICATIONS AND COMMANDS SECTION 11 FRONT PANEL INTERFACE SECTION 12 STANDARD EVENT REPORTS SAG SWELL INTERRUPTION REPORT AND SER SECTION 13 TESTING AND TROUBLESHOOTING SECTION 14 APPENDICES Appendix A Firmware Versions Appendix B Firmware Upgrade Instructions Appendix C SEL Distributed Port Switch Protocol Appendix D Configuration Fast Meter a...

Page 14: ...Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 15: ...ery Voltage Monitor 1 19 Metering Accuracy 1 19 Power Element Accuracy 1 20 TABLES Table 1 1 SEL 351 Relay Models 1 1 Table 1 2 SEL 351 Firmware Versions 1 3 FIGURES Figure 1 1 SEL 351 Relays Applied Throughout the Power System 1 7 Figure 1 2 SEL 351 Relay Inputs Outputs and Communications Ports Model 0351xT 1 8 Figure 1 3 SEL 351 Relay Inputs Outputs and Communications Ports Models 0351x0 0351x1 ...

Page 16: ...Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 17: ...7 2 7 29 0351x1 3U 6 8 main board screw terminal block standard 1 3 2 4 2 5 7 2 7 29 8 12 extra I O board screw terminal block standard or high current interrupting 1 5 2 4 2 5 7 3 7 30 0351xY and old 0351xJ 3U same as 0351x1 plug in connectors same as 0351x1 1 3 1 4 2 4 2 5 2 6 7 2 7 3 7 29 7 30 Old models 0351xM and 0351xJ have been superseded by models 0351xT and 0351xY respectively This is due...

Page 18: ...round overcurrent element differences due to 0 05 A nominal channel IN SEF are detailed in the same section Certain ground directional elements are nonoperational if the SEL 351 Relay is ordered with delta connected voltage inputs or 0 05 A nominal channel IN see Section 4 Loss of Potential Load Encroachment and Directional Element Logic See Figure 1 2 and Figure 1 3 for more information on voltag...

Page 19: ...ludes firmware version 1 features plus power and voltage sag swell interruption elements SEL 351 Relays with firmware versions 2 3 or 4 come with wye connected voltage inputs only connect any voltage up to 300 Vac line to neutral INSTRUCTION MANUAL SECTIONS OVERVIEW The following is an overview of the other sections in this instruction manual Section 2 Installation describes how to mount and wire ...

Page 20: ...h trip setting ULTR in the general trip logic see Figure 5 1 Section 6 Close and Reclose Logic describes the close logic operation for Automatic reclosures Other close conditions e g manual close initiation via serial port or optoisolated inputs Section 7 Inputs Outputs Timers and Other Control Logic describes the operation of Optoisolated inputs IN1 through IN8 model 0351xT IN101 through IN106 mo...

Page 21: ... serial port SET commands listed in Table 9 1 Section 10 Serial Port Communications and Commands describes Serial port connector pinout terminal functions Communications cables Communications protocol Serial port commands See SHO Command Show View Settings in Section 10 for a list of the factory default settings the SEL 351 Relay ships with in a standard relay shipment Section 11 Front Panel Inter...

Page 22: ...n Fast Meter and Fast Operate Commands Appendix E Compressed ASCII Commands Appendix F Setting Negative Sequence Overcurrent Elements Appendix G Setting SELOGIC Control Equations Appendix H Distributed Network Protocol DNP V3 00 Appendix I MIRRORED BITS in Firmware Versions 1 4 Section 15 SEL 351 Relay Command Summary briefly describes the serial port commands that are described in detail in Secti...

Page 23: ...Date Code 20001006 Introduction and Specifications 1 7 SEL 351 Instruction Manual APPLICATIONS Figure 1 1 SEL 351 Relays Applied Throughout the Power System Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 24: ...ntact option See Output Contacts in Section 2 Installation for more information on the polar ity dependence of high current interrupting output contacts Channel IN For sensitive earth fault SEF applications the SEL 351 Relay should be ordered with channel IN rated at 0 05 A nominal See item 3 at the bottom of Figures 2 11 and 2 13 for additional reference information Delta Connected Voltages SEL 3...

Page 25: ...f Figures 2 11 and 2 13 for additional reference information Delta Connected Voltages SEL 351 Relays ordered with delta connected voltage in puts are configured internally as shown below See Figure 2 8 for an open delta con nection example Figure 1 3 SEL 351 Relay Inputs Outputs and Communications Ports Models 0351x0 0351x1 and 0351xY Models 0351x1 and 0351xY Have an Extra I O Board See Next 2 Fig...

Page 26: ... See Table 1 1 for information on SEL 351 Relay models with the high current interrupting output contact option See Output Contacts in Section 2 Installation for more information on the polarity dependence of high current interrupting output contacts Figure 1 4 SEL 351 Relay Extra I O Board Model 0351xY Plug In Connector Version Main Board Shown in Figure 1 3 Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 27: ...See Table 1 1 for information on SEL 351 Relay models with the high current interrupting output contact option See Output Contacts in Section 2 Installation for more information on the polarity dependence of high current interrupting output contacts Figure 1 5 SEL 351 Relay Extra I O Board Model 0351x1 Screw Terminal Block Version Main Board Shown in Figure 1 3 Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 28: ... Manual COMMUNICATIONS CONNECTIONS See Port Connector and Communications Cables in Section 10 Serial Port Communications and Commands for more communications connections information Figure 1 6 SEL 351 Relay Communications Connections Examples Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 29: ...00 Vac for 10 seconds Burden 0 03 VA 67 V 0 06 VA 120 V 0 8 VA 300 V AC Current Inputs 5 A nominal 15 A continuous 500 A for 1 second linear to 100 A symmetrical 1250 A for 1 cycle Burden 0 27 VA 5 A 2 51 VA 15 A 1 A nominal 3 A continuous 100 A for 1 second linear to 20 A symmetrical 250 A for 1 cycle Burden 0 13 VA 1 A 1 31 VA 3 A Sensitive Earth Fault 0 05 A nominal channel IN current input 1 5...

Page 30: ...protection Pickup time 5 ms Dropout time 8 ms typical Breaking Capacity 10 A 10 000 operations 48 and 125 V L R 40 ms 250 V L R 20 ms Cyclic Capacity 10 A 4 cycles in 1 second followed by 2 minutes idle for thermal dissipation 48 and 125 V L R 40 ms 250 V L R 20 ms Note Do not use high current interrupting output contacts to switch ac control signals These outputs are polarity dependent Optoisolat...

Page 31: ...E mark 2500 Vac for 10 seconds on analog inputs 3100 Vdc for 10 seconds on power supply optoisolated inputs and output contacts Operating Temp 40 to 185 F 40 to 85 C type test LCD contrast impaired for temperatures below 20 C IEC 68 2 1 1990 Basic environmental testing procedures Part 2 Tests Test Ad Cold type test IEC 68 2 2 1974 Basic environmental testing procedures Part 2 Tests Test Bd Dry Hea...

Page 32: ...bance test type test Impulse Tests IEC 255 5 1977 Electrical relays Part 5 Insulation tests for electrical relays Section 6 Dielectric Tests Series C 2500 Vac on analog inputs 3000 Vdc on power supply contact inputs and contact outputs Section 8 Impulse Voltage Tests 0 5 Joule 5 kV type test Vibration and Shock Test IEC 255 21 1 1988 Electrical relays Part 21 Vibration shock bump and seismic tests...

Page 33: ...nite Time Overcurrent Elements Pickup Range 0 25 100 00 A 0 01 A steps 5 A nominal 1 00 170 00 A 0 01 A steps 5 A nominal for phase to phase elements 0 05 20 00 A 0 01 A steps 1 A nominal 0 20 34 00 A 0 01 A steps 1 A nominal for phase to phase elements 0 005 1 500 A 0 001 A steps 0 05 A nominal channel IN current input Steady State Pickup Accuracy 0 05 A and 3 of setting 5 A nominal 0 01 A and 3 ...

Page 34: ... curve time for current between 2 and 30 multiples of pickup Under and Overvoltage Elements Pickup Ranges 0 00 150 00 V 0 01 V steps various elements 150 V voltage inputs 0 00 300 00 V 0 01 V steps various elements 300V voltage inputs 0 00 260 00 V 0 01 V steps phase to phase elements 150 V voltage inputs 0 00 520 00 V 0 01 V steps phase to phase elements 300 V voltage inputs Steady State Pickup A...

Page 35: ...ion Battery Voltage Monitor Pickup Range 20 300 Vdc 1 Vdc steps Pickup Accuracy 2 of setting Metering Accuracy Accuracies are specified at 20 C and at nominal system frequency unless noted otherwise Voltages VA VB VC VS 3V0 V1 V2 VAB VBC VCA VS V1 V2 0 1 33 5 150 V wye connected 150 V voltage inputs 0 2 67 0 300 V wye connected 300 V voltage inputs 0 3 33 5 260 V delta connected 150 V voltage inpu...

Page 36: ...0 A s 0 35 0 or 180 unity power factor 0 40 6 00 8 or 172 0 75 1 50 30 or 150 1 00 1 00 45 or 135 1 50 0 75 60 or 120 6 00 0 40 82 or 98 0 35 90 power factor 0 Metering accuracy calculation example for currents IA IB and IC due to preceding stated tem perature coefficient For temperature of 40 C the additional error for currents IA IB and IC is 0 0002 C 2 40 C 20 C 2 0 08 Power Element Accuracy Pi...

Page 37: ...ts 2 10 Model 0351xT 2 10 Standard Output Contacts 2 10 High Current Interrupting Output Contacts 2 10 Model 0351x0 2 11 Models 0351x1 and 0351xY 2 11 Standard Output Contacts 2 11 High Current Interrupting Output Contacts 2 12 Optoisolated Inputs 2 12 Current Transformer Inputs 2 12 Models 0351xT and 0351xY 2 12 Models 0351x0 and 0351x1 2 13 Potential Transformer Inputs 2 13 Models 0351xT and 035...

Page 38: ... 6 Figure 2 6 SEL 351 Relay Plug In Connector Coding Top View Models 0351xT and 0351xY 2 9 Figure 2 7 SEL 351 Relay Provides Overcurrent Protection and Reclosing for a Utility Distribution Feeder Includes Fast Bus Trip Scheme 2 17 Figure 2 8 SEL 351 Relay Provides Overcurrent Protection for a Distribution Bus Includes Fast Bus Trip Scheme Delta Connected Voltage Inputs Shown 2 18 Figure 2 9 SEL 35...

Page 39: ...Installation iii SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 2 18 Jumper Connector and Major Component Locations on the SEL 351 Relay Extra I O Board Model 0351x1 Screw Terminal Block Version 2 29 Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 40: ...Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 41: ...5 9 ONE I O BOARD 3U 3 47 88 1 3 00 76 2 5 22 132 6 2 25 57 2 D 0 35 8 9 FLUSH MOUNT TOP PROJECTION MOUNT Ø7 32 Ø5 6 PANEL CUTOUT i2139b B in mm 10 32 STUD TOP 2 75 69 9 18 31 465 1 8 80 223 5 6 40 162 5 8 80 223 5 19 80 502 9 17 63 447 8 18 31 465 1 19 00 482 6 ADD 0 65 16 5 FOR CONNECTORIZED RELAYS Figure 2 1 SEL 351 Relay Dimensions Panel Cutout and Drill Plan Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com...

Page 42: ...ications The panel mount relays slide in from the front and are fastened via the integral studs on the back The rack mount and panel mount dimensions are identical except the front panel dimensions on the panel mount version are larger to hide any panel cuts REAR PANEL CONNECTION DIAGRAMS Figure 2 2 through Figure 2 5 represent examples of different relay configurations All 3U rack height units ca...

Page 43: ...Date Code 20001006 Installation 2 3 SEL 351 Instruction Manual REAR PANEL CONNECTION DIAGRAMS Figure 2 2 SEL 351 Relay Front and Rear Panel Drawings Model 0351xT Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 44: ...2 4 Installation Date Code 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 2 3 SEL 351 Relay Front and Rear Panel Drawings Model 0351x0 Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 45: ...de 20001006 Installation 2 5 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 2 4 SEL 351 Relay Front and Rear Panel Drawings Model 0351x1 Rear and Models 0351x1 and 0351xY Front Horizontal Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 46: ...stallation Date Code 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 2 5 SEL 351 Relay Front and Rear Panel Drawings Model 0351xY Rear and Models 0351x1 and 0351xY Front Vertical Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 47: ... number partial part numbers shown see also Table 1 1 in Section 1 Introduction and Specifications old new 0351xM 0351xT 0351xJ 0351xY The respective wiring harness part numbers for these old and new Connectorized SEL 351 Relays are partial part numbers shown old new WA0351xM WA0351xT WA0351xJ WA0351xY The other connectors on the Connectorized SEL 351 Relay rear panel power input voltage inputs ou...

Page 48: ...gh IN106 1 8 position female plug in connectors for EIA 485 IRIG B Serial Port 1 4 6 position female plug in connectors for output contacts OUT201 through OUT212 2 8 position female plug in connectors for optoisolated inputs IN201 through IN208 These connectors accept wire size AWG 24 to 12 Strip the wires 0 31 inches 8 mm and install with a small slotted tip screwdriver Secure each 8 position con...

Page 49: ...e 6 32 Locking screws can be requested from the factory Chassis Ground Models 0351xT and 0351xY Ground the relay chassis at terminal Z17 or Z27with the spade connector provided in the previously discussed wiring harness tab size 0 250 inches x 0 032 inches If the tab on the chassis is removed the chassis ground connection can be made with the size 6 32 screw Models 0351x0 and 0351x1 Ground the rel...

Page 50: ...ching power supply The control power circuitry is isolated from the relay chassis ground Refer to Section 1 Introduction and Specifications for power supply ratings The relay power supply rating is listed on the serial number sticker on the relay rear panel Output Contacts Model 0351xT Model 0351xT can be ordered with standard or high current interrupting output contacts all of one type or the oth...

Page 51: ...nals Model 0351x0 Model 0351x0 can be ordered with standard output contacts only Refer to General Specifications in Section 1 Introduction and Specifications for output contact ratings Standard output contacts are not polarity dependent Models 0351x1 and 0351xY Models 0351x1 and 0351xY have output contacts on the main board OUT101 through ALARM ordered as standard output contacts only extra I O bo...

Page 52: ...als Optoisolated Inputs The optoisolated inputs in any of the SEL 351 Relay models e g IN5 IN102 IN207 are not polarity dependent With nominal control voltage applied each optoisolated input draws approximately 4 mA of current Refer to General Specifications in Section 1 Introduction and Specifications for optoisolated input ratings Refer to the serial number sticker on the relay rear panel for th...

Page 53: ... VB VC and N Note also that VS NS is a separate single phase voltage input Wye Connected Voltages Any of the single phase voltage inputs i e VA N VB N VC N or VS NS can be connected to voltages up to 150 V or 300 V see Table 1 2 continuous Figure 2 7 and Figure 2 9 through Figure 2 12 show examples of wye connected voltages Frequency is determined from the voltages connected to terminals VA N and ...

Page 54: ... 0351x0H45542X1 Delta Connected Voltages Phase to phase voltage up to 300 V continuous can be connected to voltage inputs VA VB VB VC or VC VA Figure 2 8 shows an example of open delta connected potential transformers connected to voltage inputs VA VB and VC No connections are made to terminal N Frequency is determined from the voltages connected to terminals VA VB and VS NS see subsections Synchr...

Page 55: ...length needed standard length is eight feet To connect the SEL 351 Relay Port 2 to the SEL 2020 Communications Processor that supplies the communication link and the IRIG B time synchronization signal order cable number C273A For connecting devices at distances over 100 feet SEL offers fiber optic transceivers The SEL 2800 family of transceivers provides fiber optic links between devices for elect...

Page 56: ...cessor listed in Table 2 1 A demodulated IRIG B time code can be input into Serial Port 2 on any of the SEL 351 Relay models see Table 10 2 This is handled adeptly by connecting Serial Port 2 of the SEL 351 Relay to an SEL 2020 SEL 2030 or SEL 2100 with Cable C273A A demodulated IRIG B time code can be input into the connector for Serial Port 1 on models 0351x0 0351x1 and 0351xY see Table 10 3 If ...

Page 57: ...AR and frequency tracking Voltage Channel VS is used only in voltage and synchronism check elements and voltage metering 3 Current Channel IN does not need to be connected Channel IN provides current IN for the neutral ground overcurrent elements Separate from Channel IN the residual ground overcurrent elements operate from the internally derived residual current IG IG 3I0 IA IB IC But in this res...

Page 58: ...Channel IN does not need to be connected Channel IN provides current IN for the neutral ground overcurrent elements Separate from Channel IN the residual ground overcurrent elements operate from the internally derived residual current IG IG 3I0 IA IB IC But in this residual connection example the neutral ground and residual ground overcurrent elements operate the same because IN IG 4 Although auto...

Page 59: ... current IN for the neutral ground overcurrent elements Separate from Channel IN the residual ground overcurrent elements operate from the internally derived residual current IG IG 3I0 IA IB IC But in this residual connection example the neutral ground and residual ground overcurrent elements operate the same because IN IG Figure 2 9 SEL 351 Relay Provides Directional Overcurrent Protection and Re...

Page 60: ...provides current polarization for a directional element used to control ground overcurrent elements Separate from Channel IN the residual ground overcurrent elements operate from the internally derived residual current IG IG 3I0 IA IB IC Figure 2 10 SEL 351 Relay Provides Directional Overcurrent Protection and Reclosing for a Transmission Line Current Polarization Source Connected to Channel IN Co...

Page 61: ...ation from various means serial port communications optoisolated input assertion etc with desired supervision e g hot bus check 3 For sensitive earth fault SEF applications the SEL 351 Relay should be ordered with channel IN rated at 0 05 A nominal See current input specifications in the General Specifications subsection in Section 1 Introduction and Specifications See neutral ground overcurrent e...

Page 62: ...on metering i e voltage MW MVAR and frequency tracking 2 Although automatic reclosing is probably not needed in this example output contact OUT2 can close the circuit breaker via initiation from various means serial port communications optoisolated input assertion etc with desired supervision e g hot bus check Figure 2 12 SEL 351 Relay Provides Overcurrent Protection for a Transformer Bank With a ...

Page 63: ...tc with desired supervision 3 For sensitive earth fault SEF applications the SEL 351 Relay should be ordered with channel IN rated at 0 05 A nominal See current input specifications in the General Specifications subsection in Section 1 Introduction and Specifications See neutral ground overcurrent element pickup specifications in Section 3 Overcurrent Voltage Synchronism Check Frequency and Power ...

Page 64: ...ements Separate from Channel IN the residual ground overcurrent elements operate from the internally derived residual current IG IG 3I0 IA IB IC But in this residual connection example the neutral ground and residual ground overcurrent elements operate the same because IN IG Figure 2 14 SEL 351 Relay Provides Dedicated Breaker Failure Protection Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 65: ...Connectorized versions remove the rear panel connectors that correspond to the circuit board you wish to remove by loosening the screws on either end of each connector Removal of the extra I O board also requires removal of the main board because the LCD on the main board is in the way 6 Disconnect circuit board cables as necessary to allow the desired board and drawout tray to be removed Removal ...

Page 66: ...2 26 Installation Date Code 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 2 15 Jumper Connector and Major Component Locations on the SEL 351 Relay Main Board Model 0351xT Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 67: ...20001006 Installation 2 27 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 2 16 Jumper Connector and Major Component Locations on the SEL 351 Relay Main Board Models 0351x0 0351x1 and 0351xY Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 68: ...n Date Code 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 2 17 Jumper Connector and Major Component Locations on the SEL 351 Relay Extra I O Board Models 0351xY Plug In Connector Version Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 69: ...6 Installation 2 29 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 2 18 Jumper Connector and Major Component Locations on the SEL 351 Relay Extra I O Board Model 0351x1 Screw Terminal Block Version Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 70: ...ntact types Output contacts OUT1 through OUT8 are fixed as a contacts in the Model 0351xT relay Table 2 2 Output Contact Jumpers and Corresponding Output Contacts SEL 351 Relay Model Number Output Contact Jumpers Corresponding Output Contacts Reference Figures 0351xT JMP4 JMP7 ALARM OUT9 2 15 0351x0 0351x1 and 0351xY JMP21 JMP29 but not JMP23 ALARM OUT101 2 16 0351xY JMP17 JMP20 OUT212 OUT209 2 17...

Page 71: ...ogic circuitry Relay Word bit OUT11 does not have any effect on output contact OUT11 when jumper JMP8 is in this position see Figure 7 28 Table 2 5 Required Position of Jumper JMP23 for Desired Output Contact OUT107 Operation Models 0351x0 0351x1 and 0351xY Position Output Contact OUT107 Operation Regular output contact OUT107 operated by Relay Word bit OUT107 Jumper JMP23 comes in this position i...

Page 72: ...sword and Breaker Jumper Operation Jumper Type Jumper Position Function Password ON in place disable password protection1 for serial ports and front panel OFF removed not in place enable password protection1 for serial ports and front panel Breaker ON in place enable serial port commands OPEN2 CLOSE2 and PULSE3 OFF removed not in place disable serial port commands OPEN2 CLOSE2 and PULSE3 1 View or...

Page 73: ...front of main board A lithium battery powers the relay clock date and time if the external dc source is lost or removed The battery is a 3 V lithium coin cell Ray O Vac No BR2335 or equivalent At room temperature 25 C the battery will nominally operate for 10 years at rated load If the dc source is lost or disconnected the battery powers the clock When the relay is powered from an external source ...

Page 74: ...Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 75: ...s 3 11 Accuracy 3 11 Pickup and Reset Time Curves 3 11 Residual Ground Instantaneous Definite Time Overcurrent Elements 3 12 Settings Ranges 3 13 Accuracy 3 13 Pickup and Reset Time Curves 3 13 Negative Sequence Instantaneous Definite Time Overcurrent Elements 3 14 Settings Ranges 3 14 Accuracy 3 14 Pickup and Reset Time Curves 3 14 Time Overcurrent Elements 3 16 Phase Time Overcurrent Elements 3 ...

Page 76: ...rom Voltages VA or VAB for Delta and VS 3 43 System Rotation Can Affect Setting SYNCP 3 43 Synchronism Check Elements Operation 3 44 Voltage Window 3 44 Other Uses for Voltage Window Elements 3 44 Block Synchronism Check Conditions 3 44 Slip Frequency Calculator 3 45 Angle Difference Calculator 3 45 Voltages VP and VS are Static 3 45 Voltages VP and VS are Slipping 3 46 Angle Difference Example Vo...

Page 77: ...ted Voltages 3 32 Table 3 10 Synchronism Check Elements Settings and Settings Ranges 3 39 Table 3 11 Frequency Elements Settings and Settings Ranges 3 53 Table 3 12 Sag Swell Interruption Elements Settings 3 58 Table 3 13 Power Elements Settings and Settings Ranges 3 59 FIGURES Figure 3 1 Levels 1 through 4 Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent Elements 3 2 Figure 3 2 Levels 5 through 6 Phase Instantane...

Page 78: ... Three Phase Voltage Elements Wye Connected Voltages 3 33 Figure 3 22 Phase to Phase and Sequence Voltage Elements Wye Connected Voltages 3 34 Figure 3 23 Phase to Phase Voltage Elements Delta Connected Voltages 3 35 Figure 3 24 Sequence Voltage Elements Delta Connected Voltages 3 36 Figure 3 25 Channel VS Voltage Elements Wye or Delta Connected Voltages 3 36 Figure 3 26 Synchronism Check Voltage ...

Page 79: ... Directional Comparison Blocking DCB Logic in Section 5 Trip and Target Logic All the other phase instantaneous definite time overcurrent elements are available for use in any tripping or control scheme Settings Ranges Setting range for pickup settings 50P1P through 50P6P 0 25 100 00 A secondary 5 A nominal phase current inputs IA IB IC 0 05 20 00 A secondary 1 A nominal phase current inputs IA IB...

Page 80: ...rrent Voltage Synchronism Check Frequency and Power Elements Date Code 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 3 1 Levels 1 through 4 Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent Elements Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 81: ...0A1 1 logical 1 if IA pickup setting 50P1P 0 logical 0 if IA pickup setting 50P1P 50B1 1 logical 1 if IB pickup setting 50P1P 0 logical 0 if IB pickup setting 50P1P 50C1 1 logical 1 if IC pickup setting 50P1P 0 logical 0 if IC pickup setting 50P1P 50P1 1 logical 1 if at least one of the Relay Word bits 50A1 50B1 or 50C1 is asserted e g 50B1 1 0 logical 0 if all three Relay Word bits 50A1 50B1 and ...

Page 82: ...ency and Power Elements Date Code 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 3 3 Levels 1 through 4 Phase Instantaneous Definite Time Overcurrent Elements With Directional Control Option Directional Control Option Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 83: ... directional control input from Figure 4 18 Level 1 is asserted to logical 1 continuously Then only the corresponding SELOGIC Control Equation torque control setting 61P1TC has to be considered in the control of the phase instantaneous definite time overcurrent elements 67P1 67P1T SELOGIC Control Equation torque control settings are discussed next Torque Control Levels 1 through 4 in Figure 3 3 ha...

Page 84: ... definite time overcurrent elements 67P1 67P1T are enabled and nondirectional Sometimes SELOGIC Control Equation torque control settings are set to provide directional control See Directional Control Provided by Torque Control Settings at the end of Section 4 Loss of Potential Load Encroachment and Directional Element Logic Combined Single Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent Elements The single phase ...

Page 85: ...or a 60 Hz relay 0 20 cycle for a 50 Hz relay If instantaneous overcurrent elements are made directional the pickup time curve in Figure 3 5 is adjusted as follows multiples of pickup setting 4 add 0 25 cycle multiples of pickup setting 4 add 0 50 cycle 0 0 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 1 1 2 1 4 1 6 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Applied Current Multiples of Pickup Setting Pickup Time Cycles Maximum Minimum Figure 3 5 S...

Page 86: ...n Figure 3 7 are the following Relay Word bits Level 1 example shown 50AB1 1 logical 1 if IAB pickup setting 50PP1P 0 logical 0 if IAB pickup setting 50PP1P 50BC1 1 logical 1 if IBC pickup setting 50PP1P 0 logical 0 if IBC pickup setting 50PP1P 50CA1 1 logical 1 if ICA pickup setting 50PP1P 0 logical 0 if ICA pickup setting 50PP1P Pickup and Reset Time Curves See Figure 3 5 and Figure 3 6 Neutral ...

Page 87: ...lements subsection substituting current IN channel IN current for phase currents and substituting like settings and Relay Word bits For sensitive earth fault SEF applications the SEL 351 Relay should be ordered with channel IN rated at 0 05 A nominal For this channel IN rating the increased pickup sensitivity of the neutral ground overcurrent elements is noted in the following setting ranges Figur...

Page 88: ...heck Frequency and Power Elements Date Code 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 3 8 Levels 1 Through 4 Neutral Ground Instantaneous Definite Time Overcurrent Elements With Directional Control Option Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 89: ...r definite time setting 67N2SD used in DCB logic 0 00 60 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps Note If channel IN is rated 0 05 A nominal then there is an additional 2 cycle time delay on all the neutral ground instantaneous 50N1 50N6 67N1 67N6 and definite time 67N1T 67N4T elements Any time delay provided by the definite time settings 67N1D 67N4D is in addition to this 2 cycle time delay Accuracy Pickup ...

Page 90: ...us definite time overcurrent elements are available Two additional levels of residual ground instantaneous overcurrent elements Levels 5 and 6 are also available The different levels are enabled with the E50G enable setting as shown in Figure 3 10 and Figure 3 11 Figure 3 10 Levels 1 Through 4 Residual Ground Instantaneous Definite Time Overcurrent Elements With Directional Control Option Courtesy...

Page 91: ...urrent Elements subsection substituting residual ground current IG IG 3I0 IA IB IC for phase currents and substituting like settings and Relay Word bits Settings Ranges Setting range for pickup settings 50G1P through 50G6P 0 25 100 00 A secondary 5 A nominal phase current inputs IA IB IC 0 05 20 00 A secondary 1 A nominal phase current inputs IA IB IC Setting range for definite time settings 67G1D...

Page 92: ...f Figure 3 12 and Figure 3 13 follow the explanation given for Figure 3 1 Figure 3 2 and Figure 3 3 in the preceding Phase Instantaneous Definite Time Overcurrent Elements subsection substituting negative sequence current 3I2 3I2 IA a2 IB a IC ABC rotation 3I2 IA a2 IC a IB ACB rotation where a 1 120 and a2 1 120 for phase currents and substituting like settings and Relay Word bits Settings Ranges...

Page 93: ...ynchronism Check Frequency and Power Elements 3 15 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 3 12 Levels 1 Through 4 Negative Sequence Instantaneous Definite Time Overcurrent Elements With Directional Control Option Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 94: ...ollows Table 3 1 Available Phase Time Overcurrent Elements Time Overcurrent Element Enabled with Setting Operating Current See Figure 51PT E51P 1 or 2 IP maximum of A B and C phase currents Figure 3 14 51AT E51P 2 IA A phase current Figure 3 15 51BT E51P 2 IB B phase current Figure 3 16 51CT E51P 2 IC C phase current Figure 3 17 The following is an example of 51PT element operation The other phase...

Page 95: ...rrent inputs IA IB IC 0 10 3 20 A secondary 1 A nominal phase current inputs IA IB IC 51PC curve type U1 U5 US curves see Figure 9 1 Figure 9 10 C1 C5 IEC curves 51PTD time dial 0 50 15 00 US curves see Figure 9 1 Figure 9 10 0 05 1 00 IEC curves 51PRS electromechanical reset timing Y N 51PTC SELOGIC Control Equation torque control setting Relay Word bits referenced in Table 9 3 or set directly to...

Page 96: ...ement Example The resultant logic outputs in Figure 3 14 are the following Relay Word bits Table 3 3 Phase Time Overcurrent Element Maximum Phase Logic Outputs Relay Word Bit Definition Indication Application 51P Maximum phase current IP is greater than phase time overcurrent element pickup setting 51PP Element pickup testing or other control applications See Trip Logic in Section 5 Trip and Targe...

Page 97: ... element is fully reset 0 logical 0 if IP pickup setting 51PP and the phase time overcurrent element is timing to reset not yet fully reset 0 logical 0 if IP pickup setting 51PP and the phase time overcurrent element is timing or is timed out on its curve Torque Control Switch Open If the Torque Control Switch in Figure 3 14 is open maximum phase current IP cannot get through to the pickup compara...

Page 98: ...n the optional directional control If the directional control enable setting E32 is set E32 N then directional control is defeated and the directional control input into logic point TCP in Figure 3 14 is asserted to logical 1 continuously Then only the corresponding SELOGIC Control Equation torque control setting 51PTC has to be considered in the control of logic point TCP and thus in the control ...

Page 99: ...thus the Torque Control Switch closes and phase time overcurrent element 51PT is enabled and nondirectional Sometimes SELOGIC Control Equation torque control settings are set to provide directional control See Directional Control Provided by Torque Control Settings at the end of Section 4 Loss of Potential Load Encroachment and Directional Element Logic Reset Timing Details 51PT Element Example Re...

Page 100: ...lement is fully reset Operation of Single Phase Time Overcurrent Elements 51AT 51BT 51CT To understand the operation of Figure 3 15 Figure 3 16 and Figure 3 17 follow the explanation given for Figure 3 14 in the preceding part of this Phase Time Overcurrent Elements subsection substituting phase current IA or IB or IC for maximum phase current IP and substituting like settings and Relay Word bits ...

Page 101: ...Frequency and Power Elements 3 23 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 3 16 B Phase Time Overcurrent Element 51BT With Directional Control Option Figure 3 17 C Phase Time Overcurrent Element 51CT With Directional Control Option Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 102: ...e explanation given for Figure 3 14 in the preceding Phase Time Overcurrent Elements subsection substituting current IN channel IN current for maximum phase current IP and substituting like settings and Relay Word bits For sensitive earth fault SEF applications the SEL 351 Relay should be ordered with channel IN rated at 0 05 A nominal For this channel IN rating the increased pickup sensitivity of...

Page 103: ...l Equation torque control setting 51NTC is set directly to logical 0 i e 51NTC 0 then corresponding neutral ground time overcurrent element 51NT is defeated and nonoperational regardless of any other setting See Section 9 Setting the Relay for additional time overcurrent element setting information Accuracy Pickup 0 05 A secondary and 3 of setting 5 A nominal channel IN current input 0 01 A second...

Page 104: ...nputs IA IB IC 51GC curve type U1 U5 US curves see Figure 9 1 Figure 9 10 C1 C5 IEC curves 51GTD time dial 0 50 15 00 US curves see Figure 9 1 Figure 9 10 0 05 1 00 IEC curves 51GRS electromechanical reset timing Y N 51GTC SELOGIC Control Equation torque control setting Relay Word bits referenced in Table 9 3 or set directly to logical 1 1 or logical 0 0 see note below Note If SELOGIC Control Equa...

Page 105: ...d including 2 and 30 multiples of pickup Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent Element Figure 3 20 Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent Element 51QT With Directional Control Option IMPORTANT See Appendix F for information on setting negative sequence overcurrent elements To understand the operation of Figure 3 20 follow the explanation given for Figure 3 14 in the preceding Phase Time Overcurrent Eleme...

Page 106: ... Control Equation torque control setting Relay Word bits referenced in Table 9 3 or set directly to logical 1 1 or logical 0 0 see note below Note If SELOGIC Control Equation torque control setting 51QTC is set directly to logical 0 i e 51QTC 0 then corresponding negative sequence time overcurrent element 51QT is defeated and nonoperational regardless of any other setting See Section 9 Setting the...

Page 107: ...nism check voltage from SEL 351 Relay rear panel voltage input VS see Note 3 Note 1 Not available in delta connected voltage SEL 351 Relays Note 2 Measured directly in delta connected voltage SEL 351 Relays Note 3 Voltage VS is used in the synchronism check elements described in the following sub section Synchronism Check Elements Voltage VS is also used in the three voltage elements described at ...

Page 108: ...ltage inputs 3P59 59A1 59B1 59C1 59A2 VA 59P2P 59B2 VB 0 00 150 00 V secondary 150 V voltage inputs 59C2 VC 0 00 300 00 V secondary 300 V voltage inputs 27AB VAB 27PP Figure 3 22 27BC VBC 0 00 260 00 V secondary 150 V voltage inputs 27CA VCA 0 00 520 00 V secondary 300 V voltage inputs 59AB VAB 59PP 59BC VBC 0 00 260 00 V secondary 150 V voltage inputs 59CA VCA 0 00 520 00 V secondary 300 V voltag...

Page 109: ...tting Range See Figure 27S VS 27SP 0 00 150 00 V secondary 150 V voltage inputs 0 00 300 00 V secondary 300 V voltage inputs Figure 3 25 59S1 VS 59S1P 0 00 150 00 V secondary 150 V voltage inputs 0 00 300 00 V secondary 300 V voltage inputs 59S2 VS 59S2P 0 00 150 00 V secondary 150 V voltage inputs 0 00 300 00 V secondary 300 V voltage inputs Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 110: ... V secondary 27CA1 VCA 3P27 27AB1 27BC1 27CA1 27AB2 VAB 27PP2P 27BC2 VBC 0 0 260 0 V secondary 27CA2 VCA 59AB1 VAB 59PP1P 59BC1 VBC 0 0 260 0 V secondary 59CA1 VCA 3P59 59AB1 59BC1 59CA1 59AB2 VAB 59PP2P 59BC2 VBC 0 0 260 0 V secondary 59CA2 VCA 59Q1 V2 59Q1P 0 00 100 00 V secondary Figure 3 24 59Q2 V2 59Q2P 0 00 100 00 V secondary 59V1 V1 59V1P 0 00 150 00 V secondary 27S VS 27SP 0 00 260 00 V se...

Page 111: ...06 Overcurrent Voltage Synchronism Check Frequency and Power Elements 3 33 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 3 21 Single Phase and Three Phase Voltage Elements Wye Connected Voltages Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 112: ...t Voltage Synchronism Check Frequency and Power Elements Date Code 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 3 22 Phase to Phase and Sequence Voltage Elements Wye Connected Voltages Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 113: ...20001006 Overcurrent Voltage Synchronism Check Frequency and Power Elements 3 35 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 3 23 Phase to Phase Voltage Elements Delta Connected Voltages Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 114: ...of setting 300 V voltage inputs Transient Overreach 5 of setting Voltage Element Operation Note that the voltage elements in Table 3 8 and Table 3 9 and Figure 3 21 through Figure 3 25 are a combination of undervoltage Device 27 and overvoltage Device 59 type elements Undervoltage elements Device 27 assert when the operating voltage goes below the corresponding pickup setting Overvoltage elements ...

Page 115: ...to the magnitudes of the individual phase voltages VA VB and VC The logic outputs in Figure 3 21 are the following Relay Word bits 59A1 1 logical 1 if VA pickup setting 59P1P 0 logical 0 if VA ó pickup setting 59P1P 59B1 1 logical 1 if VB pickup setting 59P1P 0 logical 0 if VB ó pickup setting 59P1P 59C1 1 logical 1 if VC pickup setting 59P1P 0 logical 0 if VC ó pickup setting 59P1P 3P59 1 logical...

Page 116: ...ngle settings see Figure 3 27 If the voltages are static voltages not slipping with respect to one another the two synchronism check elements operate as shown in the top of Figure 3 27 The angle settings are checked for synchronism check closing If the voltages are not static voltages slipping with respect to one another or setting TCLOSD 0 00 the two synchronism check elements operate as shown in...

Page 117: ...ected voltages 150 V voltage inputs 0 00 300 00 V secondary wye connected voltages 300 V voltage inputs 0 00 260 00 V secondary delta connected voltages 25SF maximum slip frequency 0 005 0 500 Hz 25ANG1 synchronism check element 25A1 maximum angle 0 80 25ANG2 synchronism check element 25A2 maximum angle 0 80 SYNCP synchronizing phase or the number of degrees that synchronism check voltage VS const...

Page 118: ...e angle setting choices 0 30 300 or 330 degrees for setting SYNCP are referenced to VAB and they indicate how many degrees VS constantly lags VAB In any synchronism check application voltage input VA VB always has to be connected to determine system frequency on one side of the circuit breaker to determine the slip between VS and VAB VAB always has to meet the healthy voltage criteria settings 25V...

Page 119: ...001006 Overcurrent Voltage Synchronism Check Frequency and Power Elements 3 41 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 3 26 Synchronism Check Voltage Window and Slip Frequency Elements Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 120: ...ts The two synchronism check elements are single phase elements with single phase voltage inputs VP and VS used for both elements VP Phase input voltage VA VB or VC for wye connected voltages VAB VBC VCA for delta connected voltages designated by setting SYNCP e g if SYNCP VB then VP VB VS Synchronism check voltage from SEL 351 Relay rear panel voltage input VS Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 121: ... voltage VB or VBC for delta is to be synchronized with voltage VS and plans were to connect only voltage terminals VB N and VS NS or voltage terminals VB VC and VS NS for delta then voltage terminals VA N or VA VB for delta will also have to be connected for frequency determination If desired voltage terminals VA N can be connected in parallel with voltage terminals VB N or voltage terminals VB V...

Page 122: ...aker Voltage VA or VAB for delta is also run through voltage limits 25VLO and 25VHI to assure healthy voltage for frequency determination with corresponding Relay Word bit output 59VA Other Uses for Voltage Window Elements If voltage limits 25VLO and 25VHI are applicable to other control schemes Relay Word bits 59VP 59VS and 59VA can be used in other logic at the same time they are used in the syn...

Page 123: ... VS past VP For example in Figure 3 26 if voltage VP has a frequency of 59 95 Hz and voltage VS has a frequency of 60 05 Hz the difference between them is the slip frequency Slip Frequency 59 95 Hz 60 05 Hz 0 10 Hz 0 10 slip cycles second The slip frequency in this example is negative indicating that voltage VS is not slipping behind voltage VP but in fact slipping ahead of voltage VP In a time pe...

Page 124: ...m check elements 25A1 or 25A2 assert to logical 1 if the Angle Difference is less than corresponding maximum angle setting 25ANG1 or 25ANG2 Voltages VP and VS are Slipping Refer to bottom of Figure 3 27 If the slip frequency is greater than 0 005 Hz and breaker close time setting TCLOSD 0 00 the Angle Difference Calculator takes the breaker close time into account with breaker close time setting T...

Page 125: ...e VP VS 0 10 x 0 167 x 360 VP VS 6 During the breaker close time TCLOSD the voltage angle difference between voltages VP and VS changes by 6 This 6 angle compensation is applied to voltage VS resulting in derived voltage VS as shown in Figure 3 28 Note The angle compensation in Figure 3 28 appears much greater than 6 Figure 3 28 is for general illustrative purposes only Courtesy of NationalSwitchg...

Page 126: ...ck Frequency and Power Elements Date Code 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 3 28 Angle Difference Between VP and VS Compensated by Breaker Close Time fP fS and VP Shown as Reference in This Example Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 127: ...o degree phase angle difference Thus synchronism check elements 25A1 or 25A2 assert to logical 1 if the Angle Difference is less than corresponding maximum angle setting 25ANG1 or 25ANG2 Also if breaker close time setting TCLOSD 0 00 the Angle Difference Calculator does not take into account breaker close time even if the voltages VP and VS are slipping with respect to one another Thus synchronism...

Page 128: ... 3 28 Ideally circuit breaker closing is initiated when VS is in phase with VP Angle Difference 0 Then when the circuit breaker main contacts finally close VS is in phase with VP minimizing system shock But with time limitations imposed by timer 79CLSD this may not be possible To try to avoid going to the Lockout State the following logic is employed If 79CLS has not asserted to logical 1 while ti...

Page 129: ...g for example assert IN6 to initiate manual close e g CL IN6 25A2 see Figure 6 1 In this example the angular difference across the circuit breaker can be greater for a manual close 25 than for an automatic reclose 15 A single output contact e g OUT2 CLOSE can provide the close function for both automatic reclosing and manual closing see Figure 6 1 logic output FREQUENCY ELEMENTS Six frequency elem...

Page 130: ...3 52 Overcurrent Voltage Synchronism Check Frequency and Power Elements Date Code 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 3 30 Levels 1 Through 6 Frequency Elements Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 131: ...0 16000 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps 81D3P frequency element 3 pickup 40 10 65 00 Hz 81D3D frequency element 3 time delay 2 00 16000 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps 81D4P frequency element 4 pickup 40 10 65 00 Hz 81D4D frequency element 4 time delay 2 00 16000 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps 81D5P frequency element 5 pickup 40 10 65 00 Hz 81D5D frequency element 5 time delay 2 00 16000 00 cycles in 0...

Page 132: ...1D2P 59 65 Hz frequency element 2 pickup With these settings 81D2P NFREQ the underfrequency part of frequency element 2 logic is enabled 81D2 and 81D2T operate as underfrequency elements 81D2 is used in testing only Frequency Element Operation Refer to Figure 3 30 Overfrequency Element Operation With the previous overfrequency element example settings if system frequency is less than or equal to 6...

Page 133: ...ation if any voltage VA VB or VC goes below voltage pickup 27B81P This control prevents erroneous frequency element operation following fault inception Other Uses for Undervoltage Element 27B81 If voltage pickup setting 27B81P is applicable to other control schemes Relay Word bit 27B81 can be used in other logic at the same time it is used in the frequency element logic If frequency elements are n...

Page 134: ...AGC If all three phase SAG elements assert for one cycle an additional Relay Word bit asserts SAG3P The SAG elements remain asserted until the magnitude of the corresponding phase voltage rises and remains 5 above the sag pickup threshold Figure 3 31 Voltage Sag Elements Voltage Swell Elements If the magnitude of a phase voltage rises above the voltage swell percentage setting of the positive sequ...

Page 135: ...nce memory voltage magnitude for one cycle the corresponding INT Relay Word bit for that phase asserts INTA INTB or INTC If all three phase INT elements assert for one cycle an additional Relay Word bit asserts INT3P The INT elements remain asserted until the magnitude of the corresponding phase voltage rises and remains 5 above the interruption pickup threshold for at least one cycle Note Reset h...

Page 136: ...se voltage to assert SW elements 110 180 of memorized positive sequence voltage 300 V maximum upper limit for 300 V voltage inputs 150 V for 150 V voltage inputs VSAG is set equal to VINT if an attempt is made to set VSAG less than VINT POWER ELEMENTS AVAILABLE IN FIRMWARE VERSIONS 2 AND 4 Four independent power elements are available The desired number of power elements is enabled with the EPWR e...

Page 137: ...lement time delay 0 00 16000 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps The power element type settings are made in reference to the load convention WATTS positive or forward real power WATTS negative or reverse real power VARS positive or forward reactive power lagging VARS negative or reverse reactive power leading Accuracy Pickup 0 025 A voltage secondary and 5 of setting at unity power factor for PWRnT WATTS ...

Page 138: ...erage Phase A Real Power Switch in this position if PWRnT WATTS WATTS multiply by 1 I Switch in this position if PWRnT VARS VARS Switch in this position if PWRnT WATTS VARS Switch in this position if PWRnT WATTS VARS Single phase VA sec Setting PWRnP PWRnD 0 Sufficient Signal Relay Word bit PWRAn n 1 2 3 or 4 Inom 1 A sec or 5 A sec Repeat for Phases B and C DWG M351196 Figure 3 34 Power Elements ...

Page 139: ... corresponds to the settings PWR1P pickup and PWR1T type in Figure 3 2 In Figure 3 35 if the Phase A reactive power level is above pickup setting PWRnP Relay Word bit PWRAn asserts PWRAn logical 1 after time delay setting PWRnD n 1 through 4 subject to the sufficient signal conditions The sufficient signal conditions in Figure 3 35 require at least 1 percent nominal current if the corresponding ph...

Page 140: ...ays are connected to capacitor bank circuit breaker 52 C The SEL 351 C Relay provides capacitor overcurrent protection and trips circuit breaker 52 C for a fault in the capacitor bank The SEL 351 B Relay provides VAR control and automatically puts the capacitor bank on line closes circuit breaker 52 C or takes it off line trips circuit breaker 52 C according to the measured VAR level The SEL 351 B...

Page 141: ...rt three phase 9600 kVAR kVA to single phase VA voltamperes secondary 9600 kVA 21 6 kV 3 256 6 A primary 256 6 A primary 5 2000 0 64 A secondary 0 64 A secondary 125 V secondary 80 0 VA secondary single phase The three phase 9600 kVAR capacitor is corresponded to 1 0 per unit VARs leading for dem onstration convenience in Figure 3 36 Figure 3 37 shows the per unit VAR levels for putting on line cl...

Page 142: ...enable two power elements PWR1P 24 0 power element pickup VA secondary single phase PWR1T VARS power element type lagging VARs PWR1D ____ power element time delay cycles PWR2P 96 0 power element pickup VA secondary single phase PWR2T VARS power element type leading VARs PWR2D ____ power element time delay cycles To override transient reactive power conditions set the above power element time delay...

Page 143: ...ctional Control for Negative Sequence and Phase Overcurrent Elements 4 18 Internal Enables 4 18 Directional Elements 4 19 Directional Element Routing 4 19 Loss of Potential 4 19 Direction Forward Reverse Logic 4 20 Directional Control Settings 4 26 Settings Made Automatically 4 26 Settings 4 27 DIR1 Level 1 Overcurrent Element Direction Setting 4 27 DIR2 Level 2 Overcurrent Element Direction Setti...

Page 144: ...ogic for Negative Sequence Voltage Polarized Directional Elements 4 11 Figure 4 6 Internal Enables 32VE and 32IE Logic for Zero Sequence Voltage Polarized and Channel IN Current Polarized Directional Elements 4 12 Figure 4 7 Best Choice Ground Directional Logic 4 13 Figure 4 8 Negative Sequence Voltage Polarized Directional Element for Neutral Ground and Residual Ground Overcurrent Elements 4 14 F...

Page 145: ...nual Figure 4 16 Routing of Directional Elements to Negative Sequence and Phase Overcurrent Elements 4 23 Figure 4 17 Direction Forward Reverse Logic for Negative Sequence Overcurrent Elements 4 24 Figure 4 18 Direction Forward Reverse Logic for Phase Overcurrent Elements 4 25 Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 146: ...Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 147: ... 1 Figure 4 1 Loss of Potential Logic Inputs into the LOP logic are 3PO three pole open condition indicates circuit breaker open condition see Figure 5 3 V1 positive sequence voltage V secondary I1 positive sequence current A secondary V0 zero sequence voltage V secondary I0 zero sequence current A secondary V2 negative sequence voltage V secondary The circuit breaker has to be closed Relay Word b...

Page 148: ...ese voltage polarized directional elements are disabled also unless overridden by conditions explained in the following Setting ELOP Y discussion In Figure 4 10 the assertion of LOP is an additional enable for the channel IN current polarized directional element This directional element is not voltage polarized In Figure 5 6 if setting ELOP Y1 and LOP asserts keying and echo keying in the permissi...

Page 149: ...pecially helpful in bus overcurrent applications A bus relay sees the cumulative currents of all the feeders but still has to provide overcurrent backup protection for all these feeders If the phase elements in the bus relay are set to provide adequate backup they often are set close to maximum bus load current levels This runs the risk of tripping on bus load current The load encroachment feature...

Page 150: ...Settings Ranges Refer to Figure 4 2 Setting Description and Range ZLF Forward Minimum Load Impedance corresponding to maximum load flowing out ZLR Reverse Minimum Load Impedance corresponding to maximum load flowing in 0 05 64 00 W secondary 5 A nominal phase current inputs IA IB IC 150 V voltage inputs 0 10 128 00 W secondary 5 A nominal phase current inputs IA IB IC 300 V voltage inputs 0 25 320...

Page 151: ...y This W secondary value can be calculated more expediently with the following equation line line voltage in kV 2 CT ratio 3 phase load in MVA PT ratio Again for the maximum forward load 230 2 400 800 2000 13 2 W secondary To provide a margin for setting ZLF multiply by a factor of 0 9 ZLF 13 2 W secondary 0 9 11 90 W secondary For the maximum reverse load 230 2 400 500 2000 21 1 W secondary Again...

Page 152: ... ZLIN area too resulting in ZLOAD ZLOUT ZLIN logical 0 logical 0 logical 0 Refer to Figure 3 14 in Section 3 Overcurrent Voltage Synchronism Check Frequency and Power Elements To prevent phase time overcurrent element 51PT from operating for high load conditions make the following SELOGIC Control Equation torque control setting 51PTC ZLOAD LOP 50P6 NOT ZLOAD NOT LOP 50P6 As shown in Figure 4 2 loa...

Page 153: ... logic and settings in the SEL 351 Relay are the same as those in the SEL 321 Relay Refer to Application Guide 93 10 SEL 321 Relay Load Encroachment Function Setting Guidelines for applying the load encroachment logic in the SEL 351 Relay Note that Application Guide AG93 10 discusses applying the load encroachment feature to phase distance elements in the SEL 321 Relay The SEL 351 Relay doesn t ha...

Page 154: ...ity in which they operate to provide Best Choice Ground Directional logic control See discussion on setting ORDER in the following subsection Directional Control Settings Note 1 If channel IN is rated 0 05 A nominal then setting option I is not available for setting ORDER This results in internal enable 32IE defaulting to logical 0 at the bottom of Figure 4 6 The channel IN current polarized direc...

Page 155: ...d setting ORDER are used in the Best Choice Ground Directional logic in Figure 4 7 The Best Choice Ground Directional logic determines which directional element should be enabled to operate The neutral ground and residual ground overcurrent elements set for directional control are then controlled by this enabled directional element Directional Elements Refer to Figure 4 4 Figure 4 8 Figure 4 9 and...

Page 156: ...ltage based directional elements are disabled during a loss of potential condition Thus the overcurrent elements controlled by these voltage based directional elements are disabled also But this disable condition is overridden for the overcurrent elements set direction forward if setting ELOP Y Refer to Figure 4 1 and accompanying text for more information on loss of potential Direction Forward Re...

Page 157: ...gs for discussion of the operation of level direction settings DIR1 through DIR4 when the directional control enable setting E32 is set to E32 N In some applications level direction settings DIR1 through DIR4 are not flexible enough in assigning the desired direction for certain overcurrent elements Subsection Directional Control Provided by Torque Control Settings at the end of this section descr...

Page 158: ...urrent polarized directional element that follows in Figure 4 10 is defeated and nonoperational when internal enable 32IE logical 0 Thus the channel IN current polarized directional element in Figure 4 10 is defeated nonoperational and unavailable when channel IN is rated 0 05 A nominal Note 2 If the voltage inputs are delta connected then setting option V is not available for setting ORDER This r...

Page 159: ...L 351 Instruction Manual Thus the zero sequence voltage polarized directional element in Figure 4 9 is defeated nonoperational and unavailable when the voltage inputs are delta connected see Figures 1 2 and 1 3 Figure 4 7 Best Choice Ground Directional Logic Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 160: ...nt and Directional Element Logic Date Code 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 4 8 Negative Sequence Voltage Polarized Directional Element for Neutral Ground and Residual Ground Overcurrent Elements Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 161: ...nt and Directional Element Logic 4 15 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 4 9 Zero Sequence Voltage Polarized Directional Element for Neutral Ground and Residual Ground Overcurrent Elements see Note 2 Following Figure 4 6 Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 162: ...uction Manual Figure 4 10 Channel IN Current Polarized Directional Element for Neutral Ground and Residual Ground Overcurrent Elements see Note 1 Following Figure 4 6 Figure 4 11 Routing of Directional Elements to Neutral Ground and Residual Ground Overcurrent Elements Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 163: ...Potential Load Encroachment and Directional Element Logic 4 17 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 4 12 Direction Forward Reverse Logic for Neutral Ground and Residual Ground Overcurrent Elements Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 164: ...ive sequence and phase overcurrent elements Figure 4 13 General Logic Flow of Directional Control for Negative Sequence and Phase Overcurrent Elements The negative sequence voltage polarized directional element has priority over the positive sequence voltage polarized directional elements in controlling the phase overcurrent elements The negative sequence voltage polarized directional element oper...

Page 165: ... voltage polarized directional element ZLOAD asserts when the relay is operating in a user defined load region see Figure 4 2 Directional Element Routing Refer to Figure 4 13 and Figure 4 16 The directional element outputs are routed to the forward Relay Word bits 32QF and 32PF and reverse Relay Word bits 32QR and 32PR logic points and then on to the direction forward reverse logic in Figure 4 17 ...

Page 166: ...l 2 overcurrent elements set direction forward DIR2 F Level 3 overcurrent elements set direction reverse DIR3 R If a level direction setting e g DIR1 is set DIR1 N nondirectional then the corresponding Level 1 directional control outputs in Figure 4 17 and Figure 4 18 assert to logical 1 The referenced Level 1 overcurrent elements in Figure 4 17 and Figure 4 18 are then not controlled by the direc...

Page 167: ...l Load Encroachment and Directional Element Logic 4 21 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 4 14 Negative Sequence Voltage Polarized Directional Element for Negative Sequence and Phase Overcurrent Elements Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 168: ...oad Encroachment and Directional Element Logic Date Code 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 4 15 Positive Sequence Voltage Polarized Directional Element for Phase Overcurrent Elements Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 169: ... of Potential Load Encroachment and Directional Element Logic 4 23 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 4 16 Routing of Directional Elements to Negative Sequence and Phase Overcurrent Elements Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 170: ...tial Load Encroachment and Directional Element Logic Date Code 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 4 17 Direction Forward Reverse Logic for Negative Sequence Overcurrent Elements Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 171: ...001006 Loss of Potential Load Encroachment and Directional Element Logic 4 25 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 4 18 Direction Forward Reverse Logic for Phase Overcurrent Elements Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 172: ...o directional control for Level 4 overcurrent elements With the above settings the directional control outputs in Figure 4 12 Figure 4 17 and Figure 4 18 assert to logical 1 The referenced overcurrent elements in Figure 4 12 Figure 4 17 and Figure 4 18 are then not controlled by the directional control logic Settings Made Automatically If the directional control enable setting E32 is set E32 AUTO ...

Page 173: ... Controlled by Level Direction Settings DIR1 Through DIR4 Corresponding Overcurrent Element Figure Numbers in Parentheses Level Direction Settings Phase Neutral Ground Residual Ground Negative Sequence DIR1 67P1 3 3 67P1T 3 3 51PT 3 14 51AT 3 15 51BT 3 16 51CT 3 17 67N1 3 8 67N1T 3 8 51NT 3 18 67G1 3 10 67G1T 3 10 51GT 3 19 67Q1 3 12 67Q1T 3 12 51QT 3 20 DIR2 67P2 3 3 67P2T 3 3 67P2S 3 3 67N2 3 8 ...

Page 174: ...al when internal enable 32IE logical 0 Thus the channel IN current polarized directional element in Figure 4 10 is defeated nonoperational and unavailable when channel IN is rated 0 05 A nominal Note 2 If the voltage inputs are delta connected then setting option V is not available for setting ORDER This results in internal enable 32VE defaulting to logical 0 see middle of Figure 4 6 The zero sequ...

Page 175: ... 50P32P Phase Directional Element Three Phase Current Pickup Setting Range 0 50 10 00 A secondary 5 A nominal phase current inputs IA IB IC 0 1 2 00 A secondary 1 A nominal phase current inputs IA IB IC The 50P32P setting is set to pick up for all three phase faults that need to be covered by the phase overcurrent elements It supervises the positive sequence voltage polarized directional elements ...

Page 176: ...e than setting Z2F by value z Relay Configuration z W secondary 5 A nominal current 150 V voltage inputs 0 1 5 A nominal current 300 V voltage inputs 0 2 1 A nominal current 150 V voltage inputs 0 5 1 A nominal current 300 V voltage inputs 1 0 50QFP Forward Directional Negative Sequence Current Pickup 50QRP Reverse Directional Negative Sequence Current Pickup Setting Range 0 25 5 00 A secondary 5 ...

Page 177: ...r negative sequence current system unbalance which circulates due to line asymmetries CT saturation during three phase faults etc a2 Set Automatically If enable setting E32 AUTO setting a2 is set automatically at a2 0 1 For setting a2 0 1 the negative sequence current I2 magnitude has to be greater than 1 10 of the positive sequence current I1 magnitude in order for the negative sequence voltage p...

Page 178: ...ess restrictions i e factor k2 are put on the operation of the negative sequence voltage polarized directional element k2 Set Automatically If enable setting E32 AUTO setting k2 is set automatically at k2 0 2 For setting k2 0 2 the negative sequence current I2 magnitude has to be greater than 1 5 of the zero sequence current I0 magnitude in order for the negative sequence voltage polarized directi...

Page 179: ... current inputs IA IB IC a0 Positive Sequence Current Restraint Factor I0 I1 Setting Range 0 02 0 50 unitless If preceding setting ORDER does not contain V or I no zero sequence voltage polarized or channel IN current polarized directional elements are enabled then setting a0 is not made or displayed Refer to Figure 4 6 The a0 factor increases the security of the zero sequence voltage polarized an...

Page 180: ...olarized directional elements see Figure 4 9 Z0F and Z0R Set Automatically If enable setting E32 AUTO settings Z0F and Z0R zero sequence impedance values are calculated automatically using the zero sequence line impedance magnitude setting Z0MAG as follows Z0F Z0MAG 2 W secondary Z0R Z0MAG 2 z W secondary z listed in table below If enable setting E32 Y settings Z0F and Z0R zero sequence impedance ...

Page 181: ...L PROVIDED BY TORQUE CONTROL SETTINGS For most applications the level direction settings DIR1 through DIR4 are used to set overcurrent elements direction forward reverse or nondirectional Table 4 1 shows the overcurrent elements that are controlled by each level direction setting Note in Table 4 1 that all the time overcurrent elements 51_T elements are controlled by the DIR1 level direction setti...

Page 182: ...32GF direction forward see Figure 3 10 51PTC 32PF direction forward see Figure 3 14 51ATC 32PR direction reverse see Figure 3 15 51BTC 32PR direction reverse see Figure 3 16 51CTC 32PR direction reverse see Figure 3 17 51NTC 1 nondirectional see Figure 3 18 51GTC 32GF direction forward see Figure 3 19 This is just one example of using SELOGIC Control Equation torque control settings to make overcu...

Page 183: ...p Setting TRSOTF 5 10 Communications Assisted Trip Logic General Overview 5 11 Enable Setting ECOMM 5 11 Trip Setting TRCOMM 5 12 Trip Settings TRSOTF and TR 5 12 Trip Setting DTT 5 13 Use Existing SEL 321 Relay Application Guides for the SEL 351 Relay 5 13 Optoisolated Input Settings Differences Between the SEL 321 and SEL 351 Relays 5 13 Trip Settings Differences Between the SEL 321 and SEL 351 ...

Page 184: ... Received Block Trip Signal s 5 25 Timer Settings 5 25 Z3XPU Zone Level 3 Reverse Pickup Time Delay 5 25 Z3XD Zone Level 3 Reverse Dropout Extension 5 25 BTXD Block Trip Receive Extension 5 25 67P2SD 67N2SD 67G2SD 67Q2SD Level 2 Short Delay 5 25 Logic Outputs 5 25 DSTRT Directional Carrier Start 5 26 NSTRT Nondirectional Carrier Start 5 26 STOP Stop Carrier 5 26 BTX Block Trip Extension 5 26 Insta...

Page 185: ...ay Connections to Communications Equipment for a Three Terminal Line POTT Scheme Model 0351xT Example 5 19 Figure 5 10 DCUB Logic 5 22 Figure 5 11 Unblocking Block Logic Routing to Trip Logic 5 23 Figure 5 12 SEL 351 Relay Connections to Communications Equipment for a Two Terminal Line DCUB Scheme Setting ECOMM DCUB1 Model 0351xT Example 5 23 Figure 5 13 SEL 351 Relay Connections to Communications...

Page 186: ...Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 187: ...ion at the end of this section A typical setting for DTT is DTT IN6 where input IN6 is connected to the output of direct transfer trip communications equipment Setting DTT is also used for Direct Underreaching Transfer Trip DUTT schemes TRSOTF Switch Onto Fault Trip Conditions Setting TRSOTF is supervised by the switch onto fault condition SOTFE See Switch Onto Fault SOTF Trip Logic on page 5 7 fo...

Page 188: ...munications assisted trip scheme TRCOMM is set with direction forward overreaching Level 2 overcurrent elements TR is set with direction forward underreaching Level 1 overcurrent elements and other time delayed elements e g Level 2 definite time overcurrent elements and TRSOTF is set with nondirectional overcurrent elements Figure 5 1 Trip Logic Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 189: ...transition if it is not already timing timer is reset The TDURD timer assures that the TRIP Relay Word bit remains asserted at logical 1 for a minimum of TDURD cycles If the output of OR 1 gate is logical 1 beyond the TDURD time Relay Word bit TRIP remains asserted at logical 1 for as long as the output of OR 1 gate remains at logical 1 regardless of other trip logic conditions The Minimum Trip Du...

Page 190: ...pervise the OPEN command with optoisolated input IN5 the following setting is made TR OC IN5 With this setting the OPEN command can provide a trip only if optoisolated input IN5 is asserted This is just one OPEN command supervision example many variations are possible To prevent the execution of the OPEN command from initiating reclosing Relay Word bit OC is entered in the SELOGIC Control Equation...

Page 191: ...ing for the Minimum Trip Duration Timer setting is TDURD 9 000 cycles See the settings sheets in Section 9 Setting the Relay for setting ranges Set Trip In SELOGIC Control Equation setting TR OC 51PT 51GT 81D1T LB3 50P1 SH0 Time overcurrent elements 51PT and 51GT trip directly Time overcurrent and definite time overcurrent elements can be torque controlled e g elements 51PT and 51GT are torque con...

Page 192: ...s unlatch trip condition can be programmed as shown in the following examples Unlatch Trip with 52a Circuit Breaker Auxiliary Contact A 52a circuit breaker auxiliary contact is wired to optoisolated input IN1 52A IN1 SELOGIC Control Equation circuit breaker status setting see Optoisolated Inputs in Section 7 Inputs Outputs Timers and Other Control Logic ULTR IN1 Input IN1 has to be deenergized 52a...

Page 193: ...p right after the circuit breaker closes Switch onto fault implies that a circuit breaker is closed into an existing fault condition For example suppose safety grounds are accidentally left attached to a line after a clearance If the circuit breaker is closed into such a condition the resulting fault needs to be cleared right away and reclosing blocked An instantaneous overcurrent element is usual...

Page 194: ...circuit breaker condition is determined from the combination of Circuit breaker status 52A Load current condition 50L If the circuit breaker is open 52A logical 0 and current is below phase pickup 50LP 50L logical 0 then the three pole open 3PO condition is true 3PO logical 1 circuit breaker open The 3POD dropout time qualifies circuit breaker closure whether detected by circuit breaker status 52A...

Page 195: ... Relay Word bit SOTFE SOTFE logical 1 Note that SOTFE is asserted when the circuit breaker is open This allows elements set in the SELOGIC Control Equation trip setting TRSOTF to operate if a fault occurs when the circuit breaker is open see Figure 5 1 In such a scenario e g flashover inside the circuit breaker tank the tripping via setting TRSOTF cannot help in tripping the circuit breaker the ci...

Page 196: ... in each of these logic paths provides the effective time window for the overcurrent elements in SELOGIC Control Equation trip setting TRSOTF to trip after the circuit breaker closes see Figure 5 1 middle of figure Time setting SOTFD is usually set around 30 cycles A SOTF trip illuminates the SOTF front panel LED Switch Onto Fault Trip Logic Trip Setting TRSOTF An instantaneous overcurrent element...

Page 197: ...f of Figure 5 1 The six available tripping schemes are Direct Transfer Trip DTT Direct Underreaching Transfer Trip DUTT Permissive Overreaching Transfer Trip POTT Permissive Underreaching Transfer Trip PUTT Directional Comparison Unblocking DCUB Directional Comparison Blocking DCB Enable Setting ECOMM The POTT PUTT DCUB and DCB tripping schemes are enabled with enable setting ECOMM Setting choices...

Page 198: ...ripping elements that are supervised by the communications assisted trip logic see top half of Figure 5 1 Setting TRCOMM is typically set with Level 2 overreaching overcurrent elements set direction forward 67P2 Level 2 directional phase instantaneous overcurrent element 67N2 Level 2 directional neutral ground instantaneous overcurrent element 67G2 Level 2 directional residual ground instantaneous...

Page 199: ...p these schemes in the SEL 351 Relay The following application guides are available from SEL AG93 06 Applying the SEL 321 Relay to Directional Comparison Blocking DCB Schemes AG95 29 Applying the SEL 321 Relay to Permissive Overreaching Transfer Trip POTT Schemes AG96 19 Applying the SEL 321 Relay to Directional Comparison Unblocking DCUB Schemes The major differences are how the optoisolated inpu...

Page 200: ... POTT The POTT logic in Figure 5 6 is also enabled for directional comparison unblocking schemes ECOMM DCUB1 or ECOMM DCUB2 The POTT logic performs the following tasks Keys communication equipment to send permissive trip when any element included in the SELOGIC Control Equation communications assisted trip equation TRCOMM asserts and the current reversal logic is not asserted Prevents keying and t...

Page 201: ...quipment receiver outputs see Figure 5 9 Make SELOGIC Control Equation setting PT1 as follows PT1 IN4 IN6 three terminal line application SELOGIC Control Equation setting PT1 in Figure 5 5 is routed to control Relay Word bit PT if enable setting ECOMM POTT Relay Word bit PT is then an input into the POTT logic in Figure 5 6 for echo keying Figure 5 5 Permissive Input Logic Routing to POTT Logic Al...

Page 202: ...her Control Logic for more information on output contacts Z3RB Zone Level 3 Reverse Block Current reversal guard asserted operates as an input into the trip logic in Figure 5 1 and the DCUB logic in Figure 5 10 ECTT Echo Conversion to Trip PT received converted to a trip condition for a Weak Infeed Condition operates as an input into the trip logic in Figure 5 1 KEY Key Permissive Trip Signals com...

Page 203: ...Date Code 20001006 Trip and Target Logic 5 17 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 5 6 POTT Logic Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 204: ...Q1 Level 1 directional negative sequence instantaneous overcurrent element instead of with element KEY see Figure 5 8 OUT5 67P1 67N1 67G1 67Q1 Note only use enabled elements If echo keying is desired add the echo key permissive trip logic output as follows OUT5 67P1 67N1 67G1 67Q1 EKEY In a three terminal line scheme output contact OUT7 is set the same as OUT5 see Figure 5 9 Installation Variation...

Page 205: ...CUB LOGIC Enable the DCUB logic by setting ECOMM DCUB1 or ECOMM DCUB2 The DCUB logic in Figure 5 10 is an extension of the POTT logic in Figure 5 6 Thus the relay requires all the POTT settings and logic plus exclusive DCUB settings and logic The difference between setting choices DCUB1 and DCUB2 is DCUB1 directional comparison unblocking scheme for two terminal line communications from one remote...

Page 206: ...quipment receiver output see Figure 5 12 Make SELOGIC Control Equation setting PT1 PT1 IN4 two terminal line application In three terminal line DCUB applications setting ECOMM DCUB2 permissive trip signals are received from two remote terminals Two optoisolated inputs on the SEL 351 Relay e g inputs IN4 and IN6 are driven by communications equipment receiver outputs see Figure 5 13 Make SELOGIC Co...

Page 207: ...fter a settable time following a loss of channel condition typically set at 9 cycles 150 ms Channel 1 and 2 logic use separate timers but have this same delay setting UBEND DCUB Duration Delay Sets minimum time required to declare a loss of channel condition typically set at 0 5 cycles Channel 1 and 2 logic use separate timers but have this same delay setting Logic Outputs The following logic outp...

Page 208: ...rget Logic Date Code 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual unblock block input into the trip logic in Figure 5 1 When UBB asserts to logical 1 tripping is blocked Figure 5 10 DCUB Logic Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 209: ...y Word bit PTRX depending on enable setting ECOMM DCUB1 or DCUB2 Relay Word bit PTRX is the permissive trip receive input into the trip logic in Figure 5 1 Installation Variations Figure 5 13 shows output contacts OUT5 and OUT7 connected to separate communication equipment for the two remote terminals Both output contacts are programmed the same OUT5 KEY and OUT7 KEY Depending on the installation ...

Page 210: ...able time following the dropout of all Level 3 directional overcurrent elements 67P3 67N3 67G3 and 67Q3 Latches the block trip send condition by the directional overcurrent following a close in zero voltage three phase fault where the polarizing memory expires Latch is removed when the polarizing memory voltage returns or current is removed Extends the received block signal by a settable time Use ...

Page 211: ...rough a dropout timer BTXD in the DCB logic in Figure 5 14 The timer output Relay Word bit BTX is routed to the trip logic in Figure 5 1 Timer Settings See Section 9 Setting the Relay for setting ranges Z3XPU Zone Level 3 Reverse Pickup Time Delay Current reversal guard pickup timer typically set at 1 cycle Z3XD Zone Level 3 Reverse Dropout Extension Current reversal guard dropout timer typically ...

Page 212: ...uation setting OUT5 is set OUT5 DSTRT NSTRT Output contact OUT5 drives a communications equipment transmitter input in a two terminal line application see Figure 5 15 In a three terminal line scheme output contact OUT7 is set the same as OUT5 see Figure 5 16 OUT7 DSTRT NSTRT STOP Stop Carrier Program to an output contact to stop carrier For example SELOGIC Control Equation setting OUT6 is set OUT6...

Page 213: ...ct e g OUT5 DSTRT NSTRT can be connected in parallel to both START inputs on the communication equipment in Figure 5 16 Then output contact OUT7 can be used for another function Depending on the installation perhaps one output contact e g OUT6 STOP can be connected in parallel to both STOP inputs on the communication equipment in Figure 5 16 Then output contact OUT8 can be used for another functio...

Page 214: ... used for another function In Figure 5 15 and Figure 5 16 the carrier scheme cutout switch contact 85CO should be closed when the communications equipment is taken out of service so that the BT input of the relay remains asserted An alternative to asserting the BT input is to change to a setting group where the DCB logic is not enabled Figure 5 15 SEL 351 Relay Connections to Communications Equipm...

Page 215: ...ved in the fault 10 B Phase B involved in the fault 11 C Phase C involved in the fault 12 G Residual ground overcurrent element trips for the fault 13 N Neutral ground overcurrent element trips for the fault 14 RS Reclosing relay is in the Reset State follows Relay Word bit 79RS 15 CY Reclosing relay is in the Cycle State follows Relay Word bit 79CY 16 LO Reclosing relay is in the Lockout State fo...

Page 216: ...max min metering If FAULT is asserted maximum minimum metering is blocked see Maximum Minimum Metering in Section 8 Breaker Monitor Metering and Load Profile Functions Fault current values are not to be accrued as maximum current values in maximum minimum metering COMM Target LED The COMM target LED illuminates at the rising edge of trip if the trip is the result of SELOGIC Control Equation settin...

Page 217: ... onto fault trip logic see Figure 5 3 50 Target LED The 50 target LED illuminates at the rising edge of trip if an instantaneous or definite time overcurrent element causes the trip 51 Target LED The 51 target LED illuminates at the rising edge of trip if a time overcurrent element 51PT 51AT 51BT 51CT 51NT 51GT or 51QT causes the trip 81 Target LED The 81 target LED illuminates at the rising edge ...

Page 218: ...r in their previous state Other Applications for the Target Reset Function Refer to the bottom of Figure 5 1 The combination of the TARGET RESET Pushbutton and the TAR R Target Reset serial port command is available as Relay Word bit TRGTR Relay Word bit TRGTR pulses to logical 1 for one processing interval when either the TARGET RESET Pushbutton is pushed or the TAR R Target Reset serial port com...

Page 219: ... seal in Asserted SV8 in turn asserts DP3 causing the message BREAKER FAILURE to display in the rotating default display This message can be removed from the display rotation by pushing the TARGET RESET Pushbutton Relay Word bit TRGTR pulses to logical 1 unlatching SV8 and in turn deasserting DP3 Thus front panel rotating default displays can be easily reset along with the front panel targets by p...

Page 220: ...Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 221: ... Relays 6 11 Additional Settings Example 2 6 12 Reclosing Relay 6 12 Reclosing Relay States and General Operation 6 13 Lockout State 6 14 Reclosing Relay States and Settings Setting Group Changes 6 15 Defeat the Reclosing Relay 6 15 Close Logic Can Still Operate When the Reclosing Relay is Defeated 6 16 Reclosing Relay Timer Settings 6 16 Open Interval Timers 6 16 Determination of Number of Reclos...

Page 222: ...e 6 3 Shot Counter Correspondence to Relay Word Bits and Open Interval Times 6 19 Table 6 4 Reclosing Relay SELOGIC Control Equation Settings 6 20 Table 6 5 Open Interval Time Factory Settings 6 26 FIGURES Figure 6 1 Close Logic 6 2 Figure 6 2 Reclose Supervision Logic Following Open Interval Time Out 6 6 Figure 6 3 Reclose Supervision Limit Timer Operation Refer to Bottom of Figure 6 2 6 7 Figure...

Page 223: ...e the close logic asserts the close output contact Reclose Logic This subsection describes all the reclosing relay settings and logic needed for automatic reclosing besides the final close logic and reclose supervision logic described in the previous subsections The reclose enable setting E79 has setting choices N 1 2 3 and 4 Setting E79 N defeats the reclosing relay Setting choices 1 through 4 ar...

Page 224: ...her of the following occurs A reclosing relay open interval times out qualified by SELOGIC Control Equation setting 79CLS see Figure 6 2 Or SELOGIC Control Equation setting CL goes from logical 0 to logical 1 rising edge transition Note CLOSE Command no longer embedded in Close Logic In previous firmware versions of the SEL 351 Relay the CLOSE command was embedded in the close logic in Figure 6 1 ...

Page 225: ...to setting CL CC If a user wants to supervise the CLOSE command with optoisolated input IN6 the following setting is made CL CC IN6 With this setting the CLOSE command can provide a close only if optoisolated input IN6 is asserted This is just one CLOSE command supervision example many variations are possible Unlatch Close If the CLOSE Relay Word bit is asserted at logical 1 it stays asserted at l...

Page 226: ... in Section 5 Trip and Target Logic SELOGIC Control Equation setting 52A is set with optoisolated input IN1 Input IN1 is connected to a 52a circuit breaker auxiliary contact When a closed circuit breaker condition is detected the CLOSE Relay Word bit is deasserted to logical 0 Setting 52A can handle a 52a or 52b circuit breaker auxiliary contact connected to an optoisolated input see Optoisolated ...

Page 227: ...ontact OUT2 with the following SELOGIC Control Equation OUT2 CLOSE See Output Contacts in Section 7 Inputs Outputs Timers and Other Control Logic for more information on programming output contacts RECLOSE SUPERVISION LOGIC Note that one of the inputs into the close logic in Figure 6 1 is Reclosing Relay Open Interval Time Out qualified by 79CLS This input into the close logic in Figure 6 1 is the...

Page 228: ...6 6 Close and Reclose Logic Date Code 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 6 2 Reclose Supervision Logic Following Open Interval Time Out Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 229: ...Date Code 20001006 Close and Reclose Logic 6 7 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 6 3 Reclose Supervision Limit Timer Operation Refer to Bottom of Figure 6 2 Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 230: ...6 1 to automatically reclose the circuit breaker If 79CLS is deasserted to logical 0 at the instant of an open interval time out the following occurs No automatic reclosing takes place Relay Word bit RCSF Reclose Supervision Failure indication asserts to logical 1 for one processing interval The reclosing relay is driven to the Lockout State See Factory Settings Example and Additional Settings Exa...

Page 231: ...open interval time out seals in Figure 6 2 Then when 79CLS asserts to logical 1 the sealed in reclosing relay open interval time out condition will propagate through Figure 6 2 and on to the close logic in Figure 6 1 Unlatch Reclose Supervision Logic Bottom of Figure 6 2 Refer to the bottom of Figure 6 2 If the reclosing relay open interval time out condition is sealed in it stays sealed in until ...

Page 232: ...tting is 79CLSD 0 00 cycles Any time a reclosing relay open interval times out it propagates immediately through Figure 6 2 and then on to Figure 6 1 because SELOGIC Control Equation setting 79CLS is always asserted to logical 1 Effectively there is no special reclose supervision Additional Settings Example 1 Refer to the top of Figure 6 2 and Figure 6 4 SEL 351 Relays are installed at both ends o...

Page 233: ...monitored single phase transmission line voltage channel VS and both are hot Other Setting Considerations for SEL 351 1 and SEL 351 2 Relays Refer to Skip Shot and Stall Open Interval Timing Settings 79SKP and 79STL respectively in the following Reclosing Relay subsection SELOGIC Control Equation setting 79STL stalls open interval timing if it asserts to logical 1 If setting 79STL is deasserted to...

Page 234: ...o refer to Figures 6 3 and 6 4 If the synchronizing voltages across open circuit breaker 52 2 are slipping with respect to one another the Reclose Supervision Limit Timer setting 79CLSD should be set greater than zero so there is time for the slipping voltages to come into synchronism For example 79CLSD 60 00 cycles 79CLS 25A1 The status of synchronism check element 25A1 is checked continuously du...

Page 235: ...the reclosing relay and its operation Figure 6 5 Reclosing Relay States and General Operation Table 6 1 Relay Word Bit and Front Panel Correspondence to Reclosing Relay States Reclosing Relay State Corresponding Relay Word Bit Corresponding Front Panel LED Reset 79RS RS Reclose Cycle 79CY CY Lockout 79LO LO The reclosing relay is in one and only one of these states listed in Table 6 1 at any time ...

Page 236: ...setting 79CLSD times out see Figure 6 2 and top of Figure 6 3 Note OPEN Command no longer embedded in Drive to Lockout Logic In previous firmware versions of the SEL 351 Relay except the original release the OPEN command was embedded to drive the reclosing relay to lockout see Appendix A The OPEN command is no longer directly embedded in the reclosing relay logic It is also no longer directly embe...

Page 237: ...r is open and the relay is at last shot after the settings change and thus no more automatic reclosures are available If the circuit breaker remains closed through the settings change the reset timer times out on reset time setting 79RSLD after the settings change and goes to the Reset State if it is not already in the Reset State and the shot counter returns to shot 0 If the relay happens to trip...

Page 238: ...ory settings are shown in Table 6 2 Table 6 2 Reclosing Relay Timer Settings and Setting Ranges Timer Setting range Factory Setting in cycles Definition 79OI1 0 00 999999 cyc 30 00 open interval 1 time 79OI2 0 00 999999 cyc 600 00 open interval 2 time 79OI3 0 00 999999 cyc 0 00 open interval 3 time 79OI4 0 00 999999 cyc 0 00 open interval 4 time 79RSD 0 00 999999 cyc 1800 00 reset time from reclos...

Page 239: ... setting 79OI2 starts timing If the subsequent second reclosure is not successful the relay goes to the Lockout State See the example time line in Figure 6 6 Figure 6 6 Reclosing Sequence From Reset to Lockout With Factory Settings SELOGIC Control Equation setting 79STL stall open interval timing can be set to control open interval timing see Skip Shot and Stall Open Interval Timing Settings 79SKP...

Page 240: ...val time out It is also the reset time used in sequence coordination schemes see Sequence Coordination 79SEQ discussed later in this subsection Setting 79RSLD Qualifies closures when the relay is in the Lockout State These closures are usually manual closures These manual closures can originate external to the relay via the CLOSE command or via the SELOGIC Control Equation setting CL see Figure 6 ...

Page 241: ...pectively later in this subsection If the reset timer is actively timing RSTMN asserts to logical 1 If the reset timer is not timing RSTMN deasserts to logical 0 See Block Reset Timing Setting 79BRS later in this subsection Reclosing Relay Shot Counter Refer to Figure 6 6 The shot counter increments for each reclose operation For example when the relay is timing on open interval 1 79OI1 it is at s...

Page 242: ...pervision Settings 79RI and 79RIS Respectively The reclose initiate setting 79RI is a rising edge detect setting The reclose initiate supervision setting 79RIS supervises setting 79RI When setting 79RI senses a rising edge logical 0 to logical 1 transition setting 79RIS has to be at logical 1 79RIS logical 1 in order for open interval timing to be initiated If 79RIS logical 0 when setting 79RI sen...

Page 243: ...tiates open interval timing Setting 79RI looks for a logical 0 to logical 1 transition thus Relay Word bit 52A is inverted in the 79RI setting 52A NOT 52A The reclose initiate supervision setting 79RIS supervises setting 79RI With settings 79RI 52A 79RIS TRIP the transition of the 52A Relay Word bit from logical 1 to logical 0 initiates open interval timing only if the TRIP Relay Word bit is at lo...

Page 244: ...The reclosing relay is effectively inoperative Drive to Lockout and Drive to Last Shot Settings 79DTL and 79DLS Respectively When 79DTL logical 1 the reclosing relay goes to the Lockout State Relay Word bit 79LO logical 1 and the front panel LO Lockout LED illuminates 79DTL has a 60 cycle dropout time This keeps the drive to lockout condition up 60 more cycles after 79DTL has reverted back to 79DT...

Page 245: ...Relay Word bit LB3 logical 0 no manual trip the relay is not driven to the Lockout State assuming optoisolated input IN2 logical 1 too 79DTL OC IN2 LB3 OC NOT IN2 logical 0 OC NOT IN2 When Relay Word bit LB3 logical 1 manual trip the relay is driven to the Lockout State 79DTL OC IN2 LB3 OC NOT IN2 logical 1 logical 1 Relay Word bit OC asserts for execution of the OPEN Command See the Note in the L...

Page 246: ...tions If no special drive to lockout or drive to last shot conditions are desired make the following settings 79DTL 0 numeral 0 79DLS 0 numeral 0 With settings 79DTL and 79DLS inoperative the relay still goes to the Lockout State and to last shot if an entire automatic reclose sequence is unsuccessful Overall settings 79DTL or 79DLS are needed to take the relay to the Lockout State or to last shot...

Page 247: ...L logical 0 open interval timing resumes where it left off Use the OPTMN Relay Word bit to monitor open interval timing see Monitoring Open Interval and Reset Timing earlier in this subsection Factory Settings Example The skip shot function is not enabled in the factory settings 79SKP 0 numeral 0 The stall open interval timing factory setting is 79STL TRIP After successful reclose initiation open ...

Page 248: ...then setting 79SKP logical 0 regardless of Relay Word bit 50P2 Additional Settings Example 2 If the SEL 351 Relay is used on a feeder with a line side independent power producer cogenerator the utility should not reclose into a line still energized by an islanded generator To monitor line voltage and block reclosing connect a line side single phase potential transformer to channel VS on the SEL 35...

Page 249: ...S is set none one or both of these reset times can be controlled If the reset timer is timing and then 79BRS asserts to 79BRS logical 1 reset timing is stopped and does not begin timing again until 79BRS deasserts to 79BRS logical 0 When reset timing starts again the reset timer is fully loaded Thus successful reset timing has to be continuous Use the RSTMN Relay Word bit to monitor reset timing s...

Page 250: ...nstream line recloser in a sequence coordination scheme which prevents overreaching SEL 351 Relay overcurrent elements from tripping for faults beyond the line recloser This is accomplished by incrementing the shot counter and supervising overcurrent elements with resultant shot counter elements In order for the sequence coordination setting 79SEQ to increment the shot counter both the following c...

Page 251: ... it remains in the Reset State Factory Settings Example Sequence coordination is not enabled in the factory settings 79SEQ 0 Additional Settings Example 1 With sequence coordination setting 79SEQ 79RS 51P sequence coordination is operable only when the relay is in the Reset State 79RS logical 1 Refer to Figure 6 8 and Figure 6 9 Figure 6 8 Sequence Coordination Between the SEL 351 Relay and a Line...

Page 252: ...e recloser fast curve operates to clear the fault The SEL 351 Relay also sees the fault The phase time overcurrent pickup 51P asserts and then deasserts without tripping incrementing the relay shot counter from shot 0 to shot 1 When the line recloser recloses its circuit breaker the line recloser fast curve operates again to clear the fault The SEL 351 Relay also sees the fault again The phase tim...

Page 253: ...rve for faults beyond the line recloser Assume that the SEL 351 Relay is set to operate once on 51PT and then twice on 51AT 51BT or 51CT for faults between the SEL 351 Relay and the line recloser This results in the following trip setting TR 51PT SHO 51AT 51BT 51CT This requires that two open interval settings be made see Table 6 2 and Figure 6 6 This corresponds to the last shot being last shot 2...

Page 254: ... SEL 351 Relay shot counter does not continue to increment Sequence coordination setting 79SEQ is effectively disabled by the shot counter incrementing from shot 0 to shot 1 79SEQ 79RS 51P SH0 79RS 51P logical 0 logical 0 The shot counter stays at shot 1 Thus if there is a coincident fault between the SEL 351 Relay and the line recloser the SEL 351 Relay will operate on 51AT 51BT or 51CT and then ...

Page 255: ...Retained When Settings Changed or Active Setting Group Changed 7 12 Details on the Remote Control Switch MOMENTARY Position 7 12 Latch Control Switches 7 13 Latch Control Switch Application Ideas 7 14 Reclosing Relay Enable Disable Setting Example 7 14 Feedback Control 7 15 Rising Edge Operators 7 15 Use a Remote Bit Instead to Enable Disable the Reclosing Relay 7 17 Latch Control Switch States Re...

Page 256: ...put Contacts OUT1 Through OUT11 Model 0351xT Example 7 34 ALARM Output Contact 7 35 Rotating Default Display 7 38 Traditional Indicating Panel Lights 7 39 Reclosing Relay Status Indication 7 39 Circuit Breaker Status Indication 7 39 Traditional Indicating Panel Lights Replaced with Rotating Default Display 7 39 General Operation of Rotating Default Display Settings 7 40 Factory Settings Examples 7...

Page 257: ...OFF MOMENTARY Switch 7 8 Figure 7 8 Local Control Switch Configured as an ON OFF MOMENTARY Switch 7 8 Figure 7 9 Configured Manual Trip Switch Drives Local Bit LB3 7 9 Figure 7 10 Configured Manual Close Switch Drives Local Bit LB4 7 10 Figure 7 11 Remote Control Switches Drive Remote Bits RB1 Through RB8 7 11 Figure 7 12 Traditional Latching Relay 7 13 Figure 7 13 Latch Control Switches Drive Lat...

Page 258: ... 7 28 Logic Flow for Example Output Contact Operation Model 0351xT 7 36 Figure 7 29 Logic Flow for Example Output Contact Operation Models 0351x0 0351x1 and 0351xY 7 37 Figure 7 30 Logic Flow for Example Output Contact Operation Extra I O Board Model 0351x1 and 0351xY 7 38 Figure 7 31 Traditional Panel Light Installations Model 0351xT Example 7 39 Figure 7 32 Rotating Default Display Replaces Trad...

Page 259: ... Equation settings to realize numerous protection and control schemes Relay Word bits and SELOGIC Control Equation setting examples are used throughout this section See Section 9 Setting the Relay for more information on Relay Word bits and SELOGIC Control Equation settings See Section 10 Serial Port Communications and Commands for more information on viewing and making SELOGIC Control Equation se...

Page 260: ...de 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 7 1 Example Operation of Optoisolated Inputs IN1 Through IN8 Model 0351xT Figure 7 2 Example Operation of Optoisolated Inputs IN101 Through IN106 Models 0351x0 0351x1 and 0351xY Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 261: ...y runs the timer at the nearest 1 16 cycle For example if setting IN5D 0 80 internally the timer runs at the nearest 1 16 cycle 13 16 cycles 13 16 0 8125 For most applications the input pickup dropout debounce timers should be set in 1 4 cycle increments For example in the factory default settings all the optoisolated input pickup dropout debounce timers are set at 1 2 cycle e g IN4 0 50 See SHO C...

Page 262: ...ion variable timer and use the output of the timer for input functions see Figure 7 25 and Figure 7 26 Input Functions There are no optoisolated input settings such as IN1 IN2 Optoisolated inputs IN1 through IN8 receive their function by how their corresponding Relay Word bits IN1 through IN8 are used in SELOGIC Control Equations Factory Settings Examples Figure 7 4 Circuit Breaker Auxiliary Conta...

Page 263: ... the circuit breaker status setting 52A does not prevent using Relay Word bit IN1 in other SELOGIC Control Equation settings Input IN2 Relay Word bit IN2 is used in the factory settings for the SELOGIC Control Equation drive to lockout setting 79DTL IN2 NOT IN2 Connect input IN2 to a reclose enable switch When the reclose enable switch is open input IN2 is deenergized and the reclosing relay is dr...

Page 264: ... also assert for one processing interval followed by the RB3 falling edge operator one processing interval later If RB3 is initially at logical 1 instead pulsing it with the CON 3 command and PRB 3 subcommand will change RB3 to a logical 0 In this situation the RB3 rising edge operator will not assert but the RB3 falling edge operator will assert for one processing interval See CON Command Control...

Page 265: ...bit LBn logical 1 OFF CLBn Clear Local bit LBn logical 0 MOMENTARY PLBn Pulse Local bit LBn logical 1 for one processing interval Note the first setting in Table 7 1 NLBn is the overall switch name setting Make each label setting through the serial port using the command SET T View these settings using the serial port command SHO T see Section 9 Setting the Relay and Section 10 Serial Port Communi...

Page 266: ...cal 0 position or is in the OFF LBn logical 0 position and pulses to the MOMENTARY LBn logical 1 position for one processing interval 1 4 cycle Figure 7 8 Local Control Switch Configured as an ON OFF MOMENTARY Switch Table 7 2 Correspondence Between Local Control Switch Types and Required Label Settings Local Switch Type Label NLBn Label CLBn Label SLBn Label PLBn ON OFF X X X OFF MOMENTARY X X X ...

Page 267: ...rives reclosing relay to lockout CLB3 RETURN OFF position return from MOMENTARY position SLB3 ON position not used left blank PLB3 TRIP MOMENTARY position LB4 NLB4 MANUAL CLOSE closes breaker separate from automatic reclosing CLB4 RETURN OFF position return from MOMENTARY position SLB4 ON position not used left blank PLB3 CLOSE MOMENTARY position Following Figure 7 9 and Figure 7 10 show local con...

Page 268: ... switches for applications that require such Local control switches can be applied to almost any control scheme that traditionally requires front panel switches Local Control Switch States Retained Power Loss The states of the local bits Relay Word bits LB1 through LB8 are retained if power to the relay is lost and then restored If a local control switch is in the ON position corresponding local b...

Page 269: ...nding local bit is then fixed at logical 0 regardless of the local bit state before the settings change If a local control switch is made newly operable because of a settings change i e the corresponding label settings are set the corresponding local bit starts out at logical 0 REMOTE CONTROL SWITCHES Remote control switches are operated via the serial communications port only see CON Command Cont...

Page 270: ... remote control switch is in the OFF position corresponding remote bit is deasserted to logical 0 before a settings change or an active setting group change it comes back in the OFF position corresponding remote bit is still deasserted to logical 0 after the change If settings are changed for a setting group other than the active setting group there is no interruption of the remote bits the relay ...

Page 271: ...raditional latching relay output contact is changed by pulsing the latching relay inputs see Figure 7 12 Pulse the set input to close set the latching relay output contact Pulse the reset input to open reset the latching relay output contact Often the external contacts wired to the latching relay inputs are from remote control equipment e g SCADA RTU Figure 7 12 Traditional Latching Relay The eigh...

Page 272: ...an example of using a latch control switch to enable disable the reclosing relay in the SEL 351 Relay Reclosing Relay Enable Disable Setting Example Use a latch control switch to enable disable the reclosing relay in the SEL 351 Relay In this example a SCADA contact is connected to optoisolated input IN4 Each pulse of the SCADA contact changes the state of the reclosing relay The SCADA contact is ...

Page 273: ...LT1 IN4 NOT logical 0 IN4 rising edge of input IN4 RST1 IN4 LT1 IN4 logical 0 logical 0 If latch bit LT1 logical 1 input IN4 is routed to setting RST1 reset latch bit LT1 SET1 IN4 LT1 IN4 NOT LT1 IN4 NOT logical 1 IN4 logical 0 logical 0 RST1 IN4 LT1 IN4 logical 1 IN4 rising edge of input IN4 Rising Edge Operators Refer to Figure 7 15 and Figure 7 16 The rising edge operator in front of Relay Word...

Page 274: ...ng edge condition occurred the preceding processing interval IN4 is now at logical 0 so setting RST1 does not assert even though input IN4 remains asserted for at least a few cycles by the SCADA contact If the SCADA contact deasserts and then asserts again new rising edge see Pulse 2 in Figure 7 16 the reset input setting RST1 asserts and latch bit LT1 deasserts back to logical 0 again Thus each i...

Page 275: ...5 SET1 RB1 LT1 rising edge of remote bit RB1 AND NOT LT1 RST1 RB1 LT1 rising edge of remote bit RB1 AND LT1 79DTL LT1 NOT LT1 drive to lockout setting Pulse remote bit RB1 to enable reclosing pulse remote bit RB1 to disable reclosing etc much like the operation of optoisolated input IN4 in the previous example Remote bits Relay Word bits RB1 through RB8 are operated through the serial port See Fig...

Page 276: ... Change or Active Setting Group Change If individual settings are changed for the active setting group or one of the other setting groups or the active setting group is changed the states of the latch bits Relay Word bits LT1 through LT8 are retained much like in the preceding Power Loss explanation If individual settings are changed for a setting group other than the active setting group there is...

Page 277: ...ulative latch bit state changes per day can be made for a 25 year relay service life This requires that SELOGIC Control Equation settings SETn and RSTn for any given latch bit LTn n 1 through 8 see Figure 7 13 be set with care Settings SETn and RSTn cannot result in continuous cyclical operation of latch bit LTn Use timers to qualify conditions set in settings SETn and RSTn If any optoisolated inp...

Page 278: ...e Figure 7 18 and Figure 7 19 Suppose that SV6PU and SV6DO are both set to 300 cycles Then the SV6T timer keeps the state of latch bit LT1 from being able to be changed at a rate faster than once every 300 cycles 5 seconds Figure 7 18 Latch Control Switch With Time Delay Feedback Controlled by a Single Input to Enable Disable Reclosing Figure 7 19 Latch Control Switch With Time Delay Feedback Oper...

Page 279: ...p 3 is the active setting group SG4 Indication that setting Group 4 is the active setting group SG5 Indication that setting Group 5 is the active setting group SG6 Indication that setting Group 6 is the active setting group For example if setting Group 4 is the active setting group Relay Word bit SG4 asserts to logical 1 and the other Relay Word bits SG1 SG2 SG3 SG5 and SG6 are all deasserted to l...

Page 280: ...of settings SS1 SS2 SS4 SS5 and SS6 With settings SS1 through SS6 all deasserted to logical 0 setting Group 3 still remains the active setting group With setting Group 3 as the active setting group if setting SS3 is deasserted to logical 0 and one of the other settings e g setting SS5 asserts to logical 1 the relay switches from setting Group 3 as the active setting group to another setting group ...

Page 281: ... energized until the relay enables in Group 3 solves the SELOGIC Control Equations and causes OUT5 to deenergize See Figure 7 28 Figure 7 29 and Figure 7 30 for examples of output contacts in the deenergized state i e corresponding output contact coils deenergized Active Setting Group Switching Example 1 Use a single optoisolated input to switch between two setting groups in the SEL 351 Relay In t...

Page 282: ...S5 0 SS6 0 SS6 0 SELOGIC Control Equation timer input setting SV8 in Table 7 5 has logic output SV8T shown in operation in Figure 7 21 for both setting Groups 1 and 4 Figure 7 21 SELOGIC Control Equation Variable Timer SV8T Used in Setting Group Switching In this example timer SV8T is used in both setting groups different timers could have been used with the same operational result The timers rese...

Page 283: ...etting Group 1 and setting Group 4 settings The setting Group 1 settings top of Figure 7 22 are enabled only when setting Group 1 is the active setting group and likewise for the setting Group 4 settings at the bottom of the figure Setting Group 4 is now the active setting group and Relay Word bit SG4 asserts to logical 1 After the relay has been in setting Group 4 for a time period equal to SV8PU...

Page 284: ...relays e g SEL 321 and SEL 251 Relays have multiple settings groups controlled by the assertion of three optoisolated inputs e g IN1 IN2 and IN3 in different combinations as shown in Table 7 6 Table 7 6 Active Setting Group Switching Input Logic Input States Active IN3 IN2 IN1 Setting Group 0 0 0 Remote 0 0 1 Group 1 0 1 0 Group 2 0 1 1 Group 3 1 0 0 Group 4 1 0 1 Group 5 1 1 0 Group 6 Courtesy of...

Page 285: ...multiple internal contacts arranged to assert inputs IN1 IN2 and IN3 dependent on the switch position As shown in Table 7 7 the selector switch is moved from one position to another a different setting group is activated The logic in Table 7 6 is implemented in the SELOGIC Control Equation settings in Table 7 7 Table 7 7 SELOGIC Control Equation Settings for Rotating Selector Switch Active Setting...

Page 286: ...tion Selector Switch Switched to Position 5 Refer to Figure 7 24 If the selector switch is rested on position 5 in Figure 7 23 setting Group 5 becomes the active setting group after qualifying time setting TGR Relay Word bit SG5 logical 1 Inputs IN1 and IN3 are energized and IN2 is deenergized SS5 IN3 IN2 IN1 IN3 NOT IN2 IN1 logical 1 NOT logical 0 logical 1 logical 1 To get from position 5 to pos...

Page 287: ...s active e g setting Group 5 when power is lost it comes back with the same setting group active when power is restored Settings Change If individual settings are changed for the active setting group or one of the other setting groups the active setting group is retained much like in the preceding Power Loss explanation If individual settings are changed for a setting group other than the active s...

Page 288: ... through SS6 cannot result in continuous cyclical changing of the active setting group Time setting TGR qualifies settings SS1 through SS6 before changing the active setting group If optoisolated inputs IN1 through IN8 are used in settings SS1 through SS6 the inputs have their own built in debounce timer that can help in providing the necessary time qualification see Figure 7 1 SELOGIC CONTROL EQU...

Page 289: ...ther Control Logic 7 31 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 7 25 SELOGIC Control Equation Variables Timers SV1 SV1T Through SV6 SV6T Figure 7 26 SELOGIC Control Equation Variables Timers SV7 SV7T Through SV16 SV16T Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 290: ...utput of the timer Relay Word bit SV1T operates output contact OUT3 OUT3 SV1T Additional Settings Example 1 Another application idea is dedicated breaker failure protection see Figure 7 27 SV6 IN1 breaker failure initiate SV7 SV7 IN1 50P1 50N1 OUT1 SV6T retrip OUT2 SV7T breaker failure trip Figure 7 27 Dedicated Breaker Failure Scheme Created With SELOGIC Control Equation Variables Timers Note tha...

Page 291: ...e dedicated breaker failure scheme in Figure 7 27 can be removed by changing the SELOGIC Control Equation setting SV7 to SV7 IN1 50P1 50N1 If the seal in logic circuit is removed optoisolated input IN1 breaker failure initiate has to be continually asserted for a breaker failure time out Timers Reset When Power is Lost Settings are Changed or Active Setting Group is Changed If power is lost to the...

Page 292: ...ings Example In the factory SELOGIC Control Equation settings three output contacts are used OUT1 TRIP overcurrent tripping manual tripping see Section 5 Trip and Target Logic OUT2 CLOSE automatic reclosing manual closing see Section 6 Close and Reclose Logic OUT3 SV1T breaker failure trip see SELOGIC Control Equation Variables Timers earlier in this section OUT4 0 output contact OUT4 not used set...

Page 293: ...ogic circuitry keeps the ALARM output contact coil energized Depending on the ALARM output contact type a or b the ALARM output contact closes or opens as demonstrated in Figure 7 28 and Figure 7 29 An a type output contact is open when the output contact coil is deenergized and closed when the output contact coil is energized A b type output contact is closed when the output contact coil is deene...

Page 294: ... 36 Inputs Outputs Timers and Other Control Logic Date Code 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 7 28 Logic Flow for Example Output Contact Operation Model 0351xT Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 295: ...0001006 Inputs Outputs Timers and Other Control Logic 7 37 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 7 29 Logic Flow for Example Output Contact Operation Models 0351x0 0351x1 and 0351xY Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 296: ...and 0351xY ROTATING DEFAULT DISPLAY The rotating default display on the relay front panel replaces indicating panel lights Traditional indicating panel lights are turned on and off by circuit breaker auxiliary contacts front panel switches SCADA contacts etc They indicate such conditions as circuit breaker open closed reclosing relay enabled disabled Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 297: ... In Figure 7 31 the 79 ENABLED panel light illuminates when the 79 Enable switch is closed When the 79 Enable switch is open the 79 ENABLED panel light extinguishes and it is understood that the reclosing relay is disabled Circuit Breaker Status Indication In Figure 7 31 the BREAKER CLOSED panel light illuminates when the 52a circuit breaker auxiliary contact is closed When the 52a circuit breaker...

Page 298: ...mand SHO T see Section 9 Setting the Relay and Section 10 Serial Port Communications and Commands These text settings are displayed on the SEL 351 Relay front panel display on a 2 second rotation see Rotating Default Display in Section 11 Front Panel Interface for more specific operation information The following factory settings examples use optoisolated inputs IN1 and IN2 in the display points s...

Page 299: ... the display of corresponding text setting DP1_1 on the front panel display 79 ENABLED Reclosing Relay Disabled In Figure 7 32 optoisolated input IN2 is deenergized to disable the reclosing relay resulting in DP1 IN2 logical 0 This results in the display of corresponding text setting DP1_0 on the front panel display 79 DISABLED Circuit Breaker Status Indication Make SELOGIC Control Equation displa...

Page 300: ...0 DP2 52A logical 0 This results in the display of corresponding text setting DP2_0 on the front panel display BREAKER OPEN Additional Settings Examples Display Only One Message To display just one screen but not its complement set only one of the text settings For example to display just the breaker closed condition but not the breaker open condition make the following settings DP2 52A 52a circui...

Page 301: ...tion set the SELOGIC Control Equation display point setting directly to 0 logical 0 or 1 logical 1 and the corresponding text setting For example if an SEL 351 Relay is protecting a 12 kV distribution feeder labeled Feeder 1204 the feeder name can be continually displayed with the following settings DP5 1 set directly to logical 1 DP5_1 FEEDER 1204 displays when DP5 logical 1 DP5_0 blank This resu...

Page 302: ...with the following settings SELOGIC Control Equation settings 79DTL IN2 NOT IN2 drive to lockout setting DP1 IN2 Text settings DP1_1 79 ENABLED displayed when DP1 logical 1 DP1_0 79 DISABLED displayed when DP1 logical 0 Reclosing Relay Enabled In Figure 7 32 optoisolated input IN2 is energized to enable the reclosing relay resulting in DP1 IN2 logical 1 This results in the display of corresponding...

Page 303: ...1 set directly to logical 1 reclosing relay permanently driven to lockout DP1 0 set directly to logical 0 Text settings remain the same for all setting groups DP1_1 79 ENABLED displayed when DP1 logical 1 DP1_0 79 DISABLED displayed when DP1 logical 0 Because SELOGIC Control Equation display point setting DP1 is always at logical 0 the corresponding text setting DP1_0 continually displays in the r...

Page 304: ...Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 305: ...8 13 Additional Example 8 13 Station DC Battery Monitor 8 14 DC Under and Overvoltage Elements 8 15 Create Desired Logic for DC Under and Overvoltage Alarming 8 15 DCLO DCHI Top of Figure 8 10 8 16 DCLO DCHI Bottom of Figure 8 10 8 17 Output Contact Type Considerations a or b 8 17 Additional Application 8 17 View Station DC Battery Voltage 8 18 Via Serial Port 8 18 Via Front Panel 8 18 Analyze Sta...

Page 306: ... 8 33 TABLES Table 8 1 Breaker Maintenance Information for a 25 kV Circuit Breaker 8 2 Table 8 2 Breaker Monitor Settings and Settings Ranges 8 4 Table 8 3 Demand Meter Settings and Settings Range 8 24 FIGURES Figure 8 1 Plotted Breaker Maintenance Points for a 25 kV Circuit Breaker 8 3 Figure 8 2 SEL 351 Relay Breaker Maintenance Curve for a 25 kV Circuit Breaker 8 5 Figure 8 3 Operation of SELOG...

Page 307: ... breaker monitor is enabled with the enable setting EBMON Y The breaker monitor settings in Table 8 2 are available via the SET G and SET L commands see Table 9 1 in Section 9 Setting the Relay and also Settings Sheet 18 of 22 at the end of Section 9 Also refer to BRE Command Breaker Monitor Data and BRE n Command Preload Reset Breaker Wear in Section 10 Serial Port Communications and Commands The...

Page 308: ...tenance information in Table 8 1 is plotted in Figure 8 1 Connect the plotted points in Figure 8 1 for a breaker maintenance curve To estimate this breaker maintenance curve in the SEL 351 Relay breaker monitor three set points are entered Set Point 1 maximum number of close open operations with corresponding current interruption level Set Point 2 number of close open operations that correspond to...

Page 309: ... Code 20001006 Breaker Monitor Metering and Load Profile Functions 8 3 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 8 1 Plotted Breaker Maintenance Points for a 25 kV Circuit Breaker Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 310: ...wing settings are made from the breaker maintenance information in Table 8 1 and Figure 8 1 COSP1 10000 COSP2 150 COSP3 12 KASP1 1 20 KASP2 8 00 KASP3 20 00 Figure 8 2 shows the resultant breaker maintenance curve Breaker Maintenance Curve Details In Figure 8 2 note that set points KASP1 COSP1 and KASP3 COSP3 are set with breaker maintenance information from the two extremes in Table 8 1 and Figur...

Page 311: ...de 20001006 Breaker Monitor Metering and Load Profile Functions 8 5 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 8 2 SEL 351 Relay Breaker Maintenance Curve for a 25 kV Circuit Breaker Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 312: ...to read in current values The acquired current values are then applied to the breaker maintenance curve and the breaker monitor accumulated currents trips see references in previous paragraph In the factory default settings the SELOGIC Control Equation breaker monitor initiation setting is set BKMON TRIP TRIP is the logic output of Figure 5 1 Refer to Figure 8 3 When BKMON asserts Relay Word bit T...

Page 313: ...om 7 0 kA to 2 5 kA 2 5 kA is interrupted 290 times 290 close open operations 480 190 pushing the breaker maintenance curve from the 10 wear level to the 25 wear level Compare the 100 and 25 curves and note that for a given current value the 25 curve has only 1 4 of the close open operations of the 100 curve 25 to 50 Breaker Wear Refer to Figure 8 6 The current value changes from 2 5 kA to 12 0 kA...

Page 314: ...8 8 Breaker Monitor Metering and Load Profile Functions Date Code 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 8 4 Breaker Monitor Accumulates 10 Wear Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 315: ...Date Code 20001006 Breaker Monitor Metering and Load Profile Functions 8 9 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 8 5 Breaker Monitor Accumulates 25 Wear Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 316: ...8 10 Breaker Monitor Metering and Load Profile Functions Date Code 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 8 6 Breaker Monitor Accumulates 50 Wear Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 317: ...Date Code 20001006 Breaker Monitor Metering and Load Profile Functions 8 11 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 8 7 Breaker Monitor Accumulates 100 Wear Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 318: ...g discussion on the BRE R command Via Serial Port See BRE Command Breaker Monitor Data in Section 10 Serial Port Communications and Commands The BRE command displays the following information Accumulated number of relay initiated trips Accumulated interrupted current from relay initiated trips Accumulated number of externally initiated trips Accumulated interrupted current from externally initiate...

Page 319: ...umulated Under relay initiated trips or externally initiated trips To make this determination the status of the TRIP Relay Word bit is checked at the instant BKMON newly asserts TRIP is the logic output of Figure 5 1 If TRIP is asserted TRIP logical 1 the current and trip count information is accumulated under relay initiated trips Rly Trips If TRIP is deasserted TRIP logical 0 the current and tri...

Page 320: ...e trip bus the breaker monitor will deem it an externally initiated trip This is because when BKMON is newly asserted input IN7 energized the TRIP Relay Word bit is deasserted Thus the current and trip count information is accumulated under externally initiated trips Ext Trips STATION DC BATTERY MONITOR The station dc battery monitor in the SEL 351 Relay can alarm for under or overvoltage dc batte...

Page 321: ... or a 125 250 V supply with operating range of 85 to 350 Vdc The power supply rating is located on the serial number sticker on the relay rear panel Figure 8 9 DC Under and Overvoltage Elements Logic outputs DCLO and DCHI in Figure 8 9 operate as follows DCLO 1 logical 1 if Vdc pickup setting DCLOP 0 logical 0 if Vdc pickup setting DCLOP DCHI 1 logical 1 if Vdc pickup setting DCHIP 0 logical 0 if ...

Page 322: ...set such that output contact OUT9 asserts when dc battery voltage goes below or above allowable limits If the relay loses power entirely Vdc 0 Vdc Vdc DCLOP then output contact OUT9 should logically assert according to top of Figure 8 10 but cannot because of the total loss of power all output contacts deassert on total loss of power Thus the resultant dc voltage element at the bottom of Figure 8 ...

Page 323: ... for output contact OUT9 in the bottom of Figure 8 10 dc voltage alarm example If SELOGIC Control Equation setting OUT9 is asserted OUT9 SV4T logical 1 dc voltage OK the state of output contact OUT9 according to contact type is closed a type output contact open b type output contact If SELOGIC Control Equation setting OUT9 is deasserted OUT9 SV4T logical 0 dc voltage not OK the state of output con...

Page 324: ...el Interface Analyze Station DC Battery Voltage See Standard 15 30 Cycle Event Reports in Section 12 Standard Event Reports Sag Swell Interruption Report and SER The station dc battery voltage is displayed in column Vdc in the example event report in Figure 12 2 Changes in station dc battery voltage for an event e g circuit breaker tripping can be observed Use the EVE command to retrieve event rep...

Page 325: ...on event report generation setting ER SV4T Timer output SV4T is an example dc voltage element from the bottom of Figure 8 10 Anytime dc voltage falls below pickup DCHIP timer output SV4T drops out logical 1 to logical 0 transition creating a falling edge condition that generates an event report Also the Sequential Event Recorder SER report can be used to time tag station dc battery voltage dips se...

Page 326: ...ollowing values Currents IA B C N Input currents A primary IG Residual ground current A primary IG 3I0 IA IB IC 3I2 Negative sequence current A primary Power MWA B C Single phase megawatts wye connected voltages only MVARA B C Single phase megavars wye connected voltages only MW3P Three phase megawatts MVAR3P Three phase megavars Depending on enable setting EDEM these demand and peak demand values...

Page 327: ...6 Breaker Monitor Metering and Load Profile Functions 8 21 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 8 11 Response of Thermal and Rolling Demand Meters to a Step Input setting DMTC 15 minutes Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 328: ...put top In general as voltage VC across the capacitor in Figure 8 12 cannot change instantaneously the thermal demand meter response is not immediate either for the increasing or decreasing applied instantaneous current The thermal demand meter response time is based on the demand meter time constant setting DMTC see Table 8 3 Note in Figure 8 11 the thermal demand meter response middle is at 90 0...

Page 329: ...lation of the rolling demand response example in Figure 8 11 bottom Time 0 Minutes Presume that the instantaneous current has been at zero for quite some time before Time 0 minutes or the demand meters were reset The three 5 minute intervals in the sliding time window at Time 0 minutes each integrate into the following 5 minute totals 5 Minute Totals Corresponding 5 Minute Interval 0 0 per unit 15...

Page 330: ... 1 0 per unit 0 to 5 minutes 1 0 per unit 5 to 10 minutes 1 0 per unit 10 to 15 minutes 3 0 per unit Rolling demand meter response at Time 15 minutes 3 0 3 1 0 per unit Demand Meter Settings Table 8 3 Demand Meter Settings and Settings Range Setting Definition Range EDEM Demand meter type THM thermal ROL rolling DMTC Demand meter time constant 5 10 15 30 or 60 minutes PDEMP Phase demand current pi...

Page 331: ... as stated at the beginning of this subsection The demand current pickup settings in Table 8 3 are applied to demand current meter outputs as shown in Figure 8 13 For example when residual ground demand current IG DEM goes above corresponding demand pickup GDEMP Relay Word bit GDEM asserts to logical 1 Use these demand current logic outputs PDEM NDEM GDEM and QDEM to alarm for high loading or unba...

Page 332: ...to detect the residual ground unbalance demand current IG DEM and effectively raise the pickup of the residual ground time overcurrent element 51GT This is accomplished with the following settings from Table 8 3 pertinent residual ground overcurrent element settings and SELOGIC Control Equation torque control setting 51GTC EDEM THM DMTC 5 GDEMP 1 0 51GP 1 50 50G5P 2 30 51GTC GDEM GDEM 50G5 Refer t...

Page 333: ...dual Ground Demand Current Goes Above Pickup GDEMP When unbalance current IG increases unbalance demand current IG DEM follows going above corresponding demand pickup GDEMP 1 00 A secondary and Relay Word bit GDEM asserts to logical 1 This results in SELOGIC Control Equation torque control setting 51GTC being in the state 51GTC GDEM GDEM 50G5 NOT GDEM GDEM 50G5 NOT logical 1 logical 1 50G5 logical...

Page 334: ... MET RP are also available via the front panel METER pushbutton See Figure 11 2 in Section 11 Front Panel Interface Demand Metering Updating and Storage The SEL 351 Relay updates demand values approximately every 2 seconds The relay stores peak demand values to nonvolatile storage once per day it overwrites the previous stored value if it is exceeded Should the relay lose control power it will res...

Page 335: ...ial Port Communications and Commands The MET M command displays maximum minimum metering for the following values Currents IA B C N Input currents A primary IG Residual ground current A primary IG 3I0 IA IB IC Voltages VA B C Input voltages kV primary wye connected voltages only VAB BC CA Input voltages kV primary delta connected voltages only VS Input voltage kV primary Power MW3P Three phase meg...

Page 336: ... This record contains the time stamp the present value of each of the analog quantities listed in the load profile list setting LDLIST and a checksum These settings are made and reviewed with the SET R and SHO R serial port commands respectively Setting LDAR can be set to any of the following values 5 10 15 30 and 60 minutes Setting LDLIST may contain any of the following labels shown below LABEL ...

Page 337: ... which has the following format LDP a b If the command is entered without parameters i e LDP the relay displays all records in the load buffer If the command is entered with a single numeric parameter a i e LDP 10 the relay displays the most recent a records in the buffer If the command is entered with two numeric parameters a b i e LDP 10 20 the relay displays load buffer records a through b If t...

Page 338: ...t row date 2 17 97 at the beginning top of the report and the latest row date 3 23 97 at the end bottom of the report Chronological progression through the report is down the page and in descending row number LDP 3 16 97 1 5 97 If LDP is entered with two dates following it date 3 16 97 chronologically follows date 1 5 97 in this example all the rows between and including dates 1 5 97 and 3 16 97 a...

Page 339: ... present settings before data overwrite will occur LDP D ENTER LDP D ENTER There is room for a total of 45 days of data in the load profile buffer with room for 21 days of data remaining Clearing The Load Profile Buffer Clear the load profile report from nonvolatile memory with the LDP C command as shown in the following example LDP C ENTER LDP C ENTER Clear the load profile buffer Are you sure Y ...

Page 340: ...Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 341: ...able 9 5 Relay Word Bit Additions for SEL 351 Relay Model 0351xT Firmware Versions 1 and Greater 9 8 Table 9 6 Relay Word Bit Differences in any SEL 351 Relay Models 0351xT With Delta Connected Voltage Inputs as Compared to Table 9 4 and Table 9 5 9 9 Table 9 7 SEL 351 Relay Models 0351x0 0351x1 and 0351xY Relay Word Bits 9 9 Table 9 8 Relay Word Bit Differences for SEL 351 Relay Model 0351x0 0351...

Page 342: ...ruction Manual Figure 9 7 I E C Class B Curve Very Inverse C2 9 5 Figure 9 8 I E C Class C Curve Extremely Inverse C3 9 6 Figure 9 9 I E C Long Time Inverse Curve C4 9 6 Figure 9 10 I E C Short Time Inverse Curve C5 9 6 Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 343: ...ront panel default display and local control text 22 23 SET P n Port Serial port settings for Serial Port n n 1 2 3 or F 24 located at end of this section View settings with the respective serial port SHOWSET commands SHO SHO L SHO G SHO R SHO T SHO P See SHO Command Showset in Section 10 Serial Port Communications and Commands SETTINGS CHANGES VIA THE FRONT PANEL The relay front panel SET pushbut...

Page 344: ...next setting section END ENTER Exits editing session then prompts you to save the settings CTRL X Aborts editing session without saving changes The relay checks each entry to ensure that it is within the setting range If it is not an Out of Range message is generated and the relay prompts for the setting again When all the settings are entered the relay displays the new settings and prompts for ap...

Page 345: ...les of pickup current for operating time tp M 1 for reset time tr M 1 U S Moderately Inverse Curve U1 U S Inverse Curve U2 tp TD 0 0226 0 0104 M0 02 1 tp TD 0 180 5 95 M2 1 tr TD 1 08 1 M2 tr TD 5 95 1 M2 U S Very Inverse Curve U3 U S Extremely Inverse Curve U4 tp TD 0 0963 3 88 M2 1 tp TD 0 0352 5 67 M2 1 tr TD 3 88 1 M2 tr TD 5 67 1 M2 U S Short Time Inverse Curve U5 tp TD 0 00262 0 00342 M0 02 ...

Page 346: ...Code 20001006 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 9 1 U S Moderately Inverse Curve U1 Figure 9 2 U S Inverse Curve U2 Figure 9 3 U S Very Inverse Curve U3 Figure 9 4 U S Extremely Inverse Curve U4 Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 347: ...tting the Relay 9 5 SEL 351 Instruction Manual Figure 9 5 U S Short Time Inverse Curve U5 Figure 9 6 I E C Class A Curve Standard Inverse C1 Figure 9 7 I E C Class B Curve Very Inverse C2 Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 348: ...6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 100 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 5 6 7 8 9 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Time in Seconds Time in Cycles 60 Hz 50Hz 6000 5000 3000 2500 1500 1250 600 500 300 250 150 125 60 50 30 25 15 12 5 6 5 3 2 5 DWG M300G153 Multiples of Pickup 0 05 0 10 0 20 0 30 0 40 0 50 0 60 0 70 0 80 0 90 1 00 Figure 9 10 I E C Short Time Inverse Curve C5 Courtesy of NationalSwitchge...

Page 349: ...ed voltage inputs Differences are listed in 9 6 0351x0 0351x1 and 0351xY where x is the firmware version number Tables 9 7 and 9 8 0351x0 0351x1 and 0351xY with delta connected voltage inputs Differences are listed in 9 9 Table 9 4 SEL 351 Relay Model 0351xT Relay Word Bits Row Relay Word Bits 2 50A1 50B1 50C1 50A2 50B2 50C2 50A3 50B3 3 50C3 50A4 50B4 50C4 50AB1 50BC1 50CA1 50AB2 4 50BC2 50CA2 50A...

Page 350: ... PTRX PTRX1 UBB1 UBB2 UBB Z3XT DSTRT 40 NSTRT STOP BTX TRIP OC CC DCHI DCLO 41 67P2S 67N2S 67G2S 67Q2S PDEM NDEM GDEM QDEM 42 RMB8A RMB7A RMB6A RMB5A RMB4A RMB3A RMB2A RMB1A2 43 TMB8A TMB7A TMB6A TMB5A TMB4A TMB3A TMB2A TMB1A 44 RMB8B RMB7B RMB6B RMB5B RMB4B RMB3B RMB2B RMB1B 45 TMB8B TMB7B TMB6B TMB5B TMB4B TMB3B TMB2B TMB1B 1 Output contacts OUT9 OUT10 OUT11 and ALARM can be a or b type contacts...

Page 351: ...T 67P2T 67P3T 67P4T 67N1T 67N2T 67N3T 67N4T 11 50G1 50G2 50G3 50G4 50Q1 50Q2 50Q3 50Q4 12 67G1 67G2 67G3 67G4 67Q1 67Q2 67Q3 67Q4 13 67G1T 67G2T 67G3T 67G4T 67Q1T 67Q2T 67Q3T 67Q4T 14 50P5 50P6 50N5 50N6 50G5 50G6 50Q5 50Q6 15 50QF 50QR 50GF 50GR 32VE 32QGE 32IE 32QE 16 F32P R32P F32Q R32Q F32QG R32QG F32V R32V 17 F32I R32I 32PF 32PR 32QF 32QR 32GF 32GR 18 27A1 27B1 27C1 27A2 27B2 27C2 59A1 59B1 1...

Page 352: ...9 for more information on the operation of output contacts OUT101 through ALARM See Figures 2 17 and 7 30 for more information on the operation of output contacts OUT201 through OUT212 3 OUT201 through OUT212 and IN201 through IN208 only available on 0351x1 an 0351xY 4 MIRRORED BITS elements only valid in Firmware Versions 1 or greater rows 46 through 49 Table 9 8 Relay Word Bit Differences for SE...

Page 353: ...ee Figure 3 1 50B2 Level 2 B phase instantaneous overcurrent element B phase current above pickup setting 50P2P see Figure 3 1 50C2 Level 2 C phase instantaneous overcurrent element C phase current above pickup setting 50P2P see Figure 3 1 50A3 Level 3 A phase instantaneous overcurrent element A phase current above pickup setting 50P3P see Figure 3 1 50B3 Level 3 B phase instantaneous overcurrent ...

Page 354: ...3 7 50CA2 Level 2 CA phase to phase instantaneous overcurrent element CA phase to phase current above pickup setting 50PP2P see Figure 3 7 50AB3 Level 3 AB phase to phase instantaneous overcurrent element AB phase to phase current above pickup setting 50PP3P see Figure 3 7 50BC3 Level 3 BC phase to phase instantaneous overcurrent element BC phase to phase current above pickup setting 50PP3P see Fi...

Page 355: ...nt element 51BT timed out see Figure 3 16 Tripping 6 51BR B phase time overcurrent element 51BT reset see Figure 3 16 Testing 51C C phase current above pickup setting 51CP for C phase time overcurrent element 51CT see Figure 3 17 Testing Control 51CT C phase time overcurrent element 51CT timed out see Figure 3 17 Tripping 51CR C phase time overcurrent element 51CT reset see Figure 3 17 Testing 51P...

Page 356: ...ive sequence time overcurrent element 51QT reset see Figure 3 20 Testing 8 50P1 Level 1 phase instantaneous overcurrent element 50A1 50B1 50C1 see Figure 3 1 Tripping Testing Control 50P2 Level 2 phase instantaneous overcurrent element 50A2 50B2 50C2 see Figure 3 1 50P3 Level 3 phase instantaneous overcurrent element 50A3 50B3 50C3 see Figure 3 1 50P4 Level 4 phase instantaneous overcurrent elemen...

Page 357: ...stantaneous overcurrent element derived from 50N4 see Figure 3 8 10 67P1T Level 1 phase definite time overcurrent element 67P1T timed out derived from 67P1 see Figure 3 3 Tripping 67P2T Level 2 phase definite time overcurrent element 67P2T timed out derived from 67P2 see Figure 3 3 67P3T Level 3 phase definite time overcurrent element 67P3T timed out derived from 67P3 see Figure 3 3 67P4T Level 4 ...

Page 358: ... 12 Testing Control 50Q2 Level 2 negative sequence instantaneous overcurrent element negative sequence current above pickup setting 50Q2P see Figure 3 12 50Q3 Level 3 negative sequence instantaneous overcurrent element negative sequence current above pickup setting 50Q3P see Figure 3 12 50Q4 Level 4 negative sequence instantaneous overcurrent element negative sequence current above pickup setting ...

Page 359: ...3T timed out derived from 67G3 see Figure 3 10 67G4T Level 4 residual ground definite time overcurrent element 67G4T timed out derived from 67G4 see Figure 3 10 67Q1T Level 1 negative sequence definite time overcurrent element 67Q1T timed out derived from 67Q1 see Figure 3 12 67Q2T Level 2 negative sequence definite time overcurrent element 67Q2T timed out derived from 67Q2 see Figure 3 12 67Q3T L...

Page 360: ...Q6 Level 6 negative sequence instantaneous overcurrent element negative sequence current above pickup setting 50Q6P see Figure 3 13 15 50QF Forward direction negative sequence overcurrent threshold exceeded see Figures 4 4 4 5 and 4 12 Testing 50QR Reverse direction negative sequence overcurrent threshold exceeded see Figures 4 4 4 5 and 4 12 50GF Forward direction residual ground overcurrent thre...

Page 361: ... Reverse zero sequence voltage polarized directional element see Figure 4 4 and 4 9 Testing Special directional control schemes 17 F32I Forward channel IN current polarized directional element see Figures 4 4 and 4 10 R32I Reverse channel IN current polarized directional element see Figures 4 4 and 4 10 32PF Forward directional control routed to phase overcurrent elements see Figures 4 13 and 4 16...

Page 362: ...s undervoltage element C phase voltage below pickup setting 27P2P see Figure 3 21 59A1 A phase instantaneous overvoltage element A phase voltage above pickup setting 59P1P see Figure 3 21 59B1 B phase instantaneous overvoltage element B phase voltage above pickup setting 59P1P see Figure 3 21 19 59C1 C phase instantaneous overvoltage element C phase voltage above pickup setting 59P1P see Figure 3 ...

Page 363: ...antaneous overvoltage element zero sequence voltage above pickup setting 59N1P see Figure 3 22 59N2 Zero sequence instantaneous overvoltage element zero sequence voltage above pickup setting 59N2P see Figure 3 22 59Q Negative sequence instantaneous overvoltage element negative sequence voltage above pickup setting 59QP see Figure 3 22 59V1 Positive sequence instantaneous overvoltage element positi...

Page 364: ...sting 81D2 Level 2 instantaneous frequency element with corresponding pickup setting 81D2P see Figure 3 30 81D3 Level 3 instantaneous frequency element with corresponding pickup setting 81D3P see Figure 3 30 81D4 Level 4 instantaneous frequency element with corresponding pickup setting 81D4P see Figure 3 30 81D5 Level 5 instantaneous frequency element with corresponding pickup setting 81D5P see Fi...

Page 365: ...see Figure 4 15 Testing LOP Loss of potential see Figure 4 1 Testing Special directional control schemes 24 IN8 IN7 IN6 IN5 IN4 IN3 IN2 IN1 Optoisolated input IN8 asserted see Figure 7 1 Optoisolated input IN7 asserted see Figure 7 1 Optoisolated input IN6 asserted see Figure 7 1 Optoisolated input IN5 asserted see Figure 7 1 Optoisolated input IN4 asserted see Figure 7 1 Optoisolated input IN3 as...

Page 366: ...gure 7 11 Remote Bit 6 asserted see Figure 7 11 Remote Bit 7 asserted see Figure 7 11 Remote Bit 8 asserted see Figure 7 11 Control via serial port 27 LT1 LT2 LT3 LT4 LT5 LT6 LT7 LT8 Latch Bit 1 asserted see Figure 7 13 Latch Bit 2 asserted see Figure 7 13 Latch Bit 3 asserted see Figure 7 13 Latch Bit 4 asserted see Figure 7 13 Latch Bit 5 asserted see Figure 7 13 Latch Bit 6 asserted see Figure ...

Page 367: ...6 Testing Seal in functions etc see Figure 7 27 SV5T SELOGIC Control Equation variable timer output SV5T asserted see Figure 7 25 Control SV6T SELOGIC Control Equation variable timer output SV6T asserted see Figure 7 25 SV7T SELOGIC Control Equation variable timer output SV7T asserted see Figure 7 26 SV8T SELOGIC Control Equation variable timer output SV8T asserted see Figure 7 26 30 SV9 SV10 SV11...

Page 368: ... 27 SV13T SELOGIC Control Equation variable timer output SV13T asserted see Figure 7 26 Control SV14T SELOGIC Control Equation variable timer output SV14T asserted see Figure 7 26 SV15T SELOGIC Control Equation variable timer output SV15T asserted see Figure 7 26 SV16T SELOGIC Control Equation variable timer output SV16T asserted see Figure 7 26 32 79RS Reclosing relay in the Reset State see Figur...

Page 369: ...B B phase fault identification logic output used in B phase targeting see Table 5 1 FSC C phase fault identification logic output used in C phase targeting see Table 5 1 34 BCW BCWA BCWB BCWC Indication 50P32 Three phase overcurrent threshold exceeded see Figure 4 15 Testing Not used 59VA Channel VA or voltage VAB for delta voltage window element channel VA or VAB for delta voltage between thresho...

Page 370: ... Metering and Load Profile Functions Indication BCWB B phase breaker contact wear has reached 100 wear level see Breaker Monitor in Section 8 Breaker Monitor Metering and Load Profile Functions BCWC C phase breaker contact wear has reached 100 wear level see Breaker Monitor in Section 8 Breaker Monitor Metering and Load Profile Functions ALARM ALARM output contact indicating that relay failed or P...

Page 371: ...d see Figure 7 28 OUT5 Output contact OUT5 asserted see Figure 7 28 OUT4 Output contact OUT4 asserted see Figure 7 28 OUT3 Output contact OUT3 asserted see Figure 7 28 OUT2 Output contact OUT2 asserted see Figure 7 28 OUT1 Output contact OUT1 asserted see Figure 7 28 37 ALARM ALARM output contact indicating that relay failed or PULSE ALARM command executed see Figure 7 29 OUT107 Output contact OUT...

Page 372: ...trip 2 signal from DCUB logic see Figure 5 10 UBB1 Unblocking block 1 from DCUB logic see Figure 5 10 UBB2 Unblocking block 2 from DCUB logic see Figure 5 10 UBB Unblocking block to Trip logic see Figure 5 11 Z3XT Logic output from zone level 3 extension timer see Figure 5 14 DSTRT Directional carrier start see Figure 5 14 40 NSTRT Nondirectional carrier start see Figure 5 14 STOP Carrier stop see...

Page 373: ...t 67Q2S timed out derived from 67Q2 see Figures 3 12 and 5 14 PDEM Phase demand current above pickup setting PDEMP see Figure 8 13 Indication NDEM Neutral ground demand current above pickup setting NDEMP see Figure 8 13 GDEM Residual ground demand current above pickup setting GDEMP see Figure 8 13 QDEM Negative sequence demand current above pickup setting QDEMP see Figure 8 13 42 OUT201 Output con...

Page 374: ...nput IN204 asserted see Figure 7 3 Optoisolated input IN203 asserted see Figure 7 3 Optoisolated input IN202 asserted see Figure 7 3 Optoisolated input IN201 asserted see Figure 7 3 Circuit breaker status control via optoisolated inputs 45 Not used Not used Not used Not used Not used Not used Not used Not used 42 46 RMB8A RMB7A RMB6A RMB5A Channel A received bit 8 Channel A received bit 7 Channel ...

Page 375: ...smit bit 1 44 RMB8B Channel B received bit 8 48 RMB7B Channel B received bit 7 RMB6B Channel B received bit 6 RMB5B Channel B received bit 5 RMB4B Channel B received bit 4 RMB3B Channel B received bit 3 RMB2B Channel B received bit 2 RMB1B Channel B received bit 1 45 TMB8B Channel B transmit bit 8 49 TMB7B Channel B transmit bit 7 TMB6B Channel B transmit bit 6 TMB5B Channel B transmit bit 5 TMB4B...

Page 376: ...t Level 1 C phase power element Level 2 A phase power element Level 2 B phase power element Level 2 C phase power element Tripping Control only operable in firm ware versions 2 and 4 INTC INT3P C phase interruption element 3 phase interruption element Sag Swell Int reporting only operable in Firmware Versions 3 and 4 48 52 PWRA3 PWRB3 PWRC3 PWRA4 PWRB4 PWRC4 Level 3 A phase power element Level 3 B...

Page 377: ...e Set Close discussion following Figure 6 1 concerning the CC Relay Word bit CLOSE command SETTINGS EXPLANATIONS Note that most of the settings in the settings sheets that follow include references for additional information The following explanations are for settings that do not have reference information anywhere else in the instruction manual Identifier Labels Refer to Settings Sheet 1 of 23 Th...

Page 378: ...e fault locator see Fault Location in Section 12 Standard Event Reports Sag Swell Interruption Report and SER and in automatically making directional element settings Z2F Z2R Z0F and Z0R see Settings Made Automatically in Section 4 Loss of Potential Logic Load Encroachment and Directional Element Logic A corresponding line length setting LL is also used in the fault locator The line impedance sett...

Page 379: ... settings on Sheet 5 settings 51NP through 51NRS are controlled by enable setting E51N Other System Parameters Refer to Settings Sheet 18 of 23 The global settings NFREQ and PHROT allow you to configure the SEL 351 Relay to your specific system Set NFREQ equal to your nominal power system frequency either 50 Hz or 60 Hz Set PHROT equal to your power system phase rotation either ABC or ACB Set DATE...

Page 380: ...Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 381: ... A nom 0 50 2550 00 W secondary 300 V voltage inputs 1 A nom Z1MAG Positive sequence line impedance angle 40 00 90 00 degrees Z1ANG Zero sequence line impedance magnitude 0 05 255 00 W secondary 150 V voltage inputs 5 A nom 0 25 1275 00 W secondary 150 V voltage inputs 1 A nom 0 10 510 00 W secondary 300 V voltage inputs 5 A nom 0 50 2550 00 W secondary 300 V voltage inputs 1 A nom Z0MAG Zero sequ...

Page 382: ...cheme N DCB POTT DCUB1 DCUB2 see Communications Assisted Trip Logic General Overview in Section 5 ECOMM Frequency elements N 1 6 see Figure 3 30 E81 Reclosures N 1 4 see Reclosing Relay in Section 6 E79 SELOGIC Control Equation Variable Timers N 1 16 see Figures 7 25 and 7 26 ESV Demand Metering THM Thermal ROL Rolling see Figure 8 11 EDEM Power element levels N 1 4 only available in Firmware Vers...

Page 383: ...nom 50PP4P Neutral Ground Inst Def Time Overcurrent Elements Channel IN See Figures 3 8 and 3 9 Number of neutral ground element pickup settings dependent on preceding enable setting E50N 1 6 Pickup OFF 0 250 100 000 A 5 A nom 0 050 20 000 A 1 A nom 0 005 1 500A 0 05 A nom 50N1P Pickup OFF 0 250 100 000 A 5 A nom 0 050 20 000 A 1 A nom 0 005 1 500A 0 05 A nom 50N2P Pickup OFF 0 250 100 000 A 5 A n...

Page 384: ...00 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps 67G3D Time delay 0 00 16000 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps 67G4D Negative Sequence Inst Def Time Overcurrent Elements See Figures 3 12 and 3 13 Number of negative sequence element time delay settings dependent on preceding enable setting E50Q 1 6 Pickup OFF 0 25 100 00 A 5 A nom 0 05 20 00 A 1 A nom 50Q1P Pickup OFF 0 25 100 00 A 5 A nom 0 05 20 00 A 1 A nom 50Q2P P...

Page 385: ...Figure 3 16 Make the following settings if preceding enable setting E51P 2 Pickup OFF 0 50 16 00 A 5 A nom 0 10 3 20 A 1 A nom 51BP Curve U1 U5 C1 C5 see Figures 9 1 through 9 10 51BC Time Dial 0 50 15 00 for curves U1 U5 0 05 1 00 for curves C1 C5 51BTD Electromechanical Reset Y N 51BRS C Phase Time Overcurrent Element See Figure 3 17 Make the following settings if preceding enable setting E51P 2...

Page 386: ...ngs if preceding enable setting ELOAD Y Forward load impedance 0 05 64 00 W secondary 150 V voltage inputs 5 A nom 0 25 320 00 W secondary 150 V voltage inputs 1 A nom 0 10 128 00 W secondary 300 V voltage inputs 5 A nom 0 50 640 00 W secondary 300 V voltage inputs 1 A nom ZLF Reverse load impedance 0 05 64 00 W secondary 150 V voltage inputs 5 A nom 0 25 320 00 W secondary 150 V voltage inputs 1 ...

Page 387: ...05 1 00 A 1 A nom 50QFP Reverse directional negative sequence current pickup 0 25 5 00 A 5 A nom 0 05 1 00 A 1 A nom 50QRP Positive sequence current restraint factor I2 I1 0 02 0 50 unitless a2 Zero sequence current restraint factor I2 I0 0 10 1 20 unitless k2 Make settings 50GFP 50GRP and a0 if preceding enable setting E32 Y and preceding setting ORDER contains V or I If E32 AUTO and ORDER contai...

Page 388: ...inputs 59N1P Zero sequence 3V0 overvoltage pickup OFF 0 0 150 0 V secondary 150 V voltage inputs OFF 0 0 300 0 V secondary 300 V voltage inputs 59N2P Negative sequence V2 overvoltage pickup OFF 0 0 100 0 V secondary 150 V voltage inputs OFF 0 0 200 0 V secondary 300 V voltage inputs 59QP Positive sequence V1 overvoltage pickup OFF 0 0 150 0 V secondary 150 V voltage inputs OFF 0 0 300 0 V secondar...

Page 389: ... V secondary 300 V wye connected voltage inputs 0 00 260 00 V secondary delta connected voltage inputs 25VLO Voltage window high threshold 0 00 150 00 V secondary 150 V wye connected voltage inputs 0 00 300 00 V secondary 300 V wye connected voltage inputs 0 00 260 00 V secondary delta connected voltage inputs 25VHI Maximum slip frequency 0 005 0 500 Hz 25SF Maximum angle 1 0 00 80 00 25ANG1 Maxim...

Page 390: ... cycles in 0 25 cycle steps 79RSD Reset time from lockout 0 00 999999 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps 79RSLD Reclose supervision time limit OFF 0 00 999999 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps set 79CLSD 0 00 for most applications see Figure 6 2 79CLSD Switch Onto Fault See Figure 5 3 Make the following settings if preceding enable setting ESOTF Y Close enable time delay OFF 0 00 16000 00 cycles in 0 25 cy...

Page 391: ... sequence short delay 0 00 60 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps 67Q2SD Demand Metering Settings See Figures 8 11 and 8 13 Make the following settings whether preceding enable setting EDEM THM or ROL Time constant 5 10 15 30 60 minutes DMTC Phase pickup OFF 0 50 16 00 A 5 A nom 0 10 3 20 A 1 A nom PDEMP Neutral ground pickup channel IN OFF 0 500 16 000 A 5 A nom 0 100 3 200 A 1 A nom 0 005 0 160 A 0 05...

Page 392: ... in 0 25 cycle steps SV7PU SV7 Dropout Time 0 00 16000 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps SV7DO SV8 Pickup Time 0 00 16000 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps SV8PU SV8 Dropout Time 0 00 16000 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps SV8DO SV9 Pickup Time 0 00 16000 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps SV9PU SV9 Dropout Time 0 00 16000 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps SV9DO SV10 Pickup Time 0 00 16000 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle ste...

Page 393: ...S VARS PWR2T Pwr Ele Time Delay 0 00 16000 00 cyc PWR2D Per Phase Power Element Pickup OFF 2 00 13000 00 VA secondary per phase 5 A nom OFF 0 40 2600 00 VA secondary per phase 1 A nom PWR3P Pwr Ele Type WATTS WATTS VARS VARS PWR3T Pwr Ele Time Delay 0 00 16000 00 cyc PWR3D Per Phase Power Element Pickup OFF 2 00 13000 00 VA secondary per phase 5 A nom OFF 0 40 2600 00 VA secondary per phase 1 A no...

Page 394: ... trip conditions DTT Unlatch trip conditions ULTR Communications Assisted Trip Scheme Input Equations Permissive trip 1 used for ECOMM POTT DCUB1 or DCUB2 see Figures 5 5 5 7 and 5 10 PT1 Loss of guard 1 used for ECOMM DCUB1 or DCUB2 see Figure 5 10 LOG1 Permissive trip 2 used for ECOMM DCUB2 see Figures 5 5 and 5 10 PT2 Loss of guard 2 used for ECOMM DCUB2 see Figure 5 10 LOG2 Block trip used for...

Page 395: ...lements Note torque control equation settings cannot be set directly to logical 0 Level 1 phase see Figure 3 3 67P1TC Level 2 phase see Figure 3 3 67P2TC Level 3 phase see Figure 3 3 67P3TC Level 4 phase see Figure 3 3 67P4TC Level 1 neutral ground see Figure 3 8 67N1TC Level 2 neutral ground see Figure 3 8 67N2TC Level 3 neutral ground see Figure 3 8 67N3TC Level 4 neutral ground see Figure 3 8 6...

Page 396: ...riable SV3 SV3 SELOGIC Control Equation Variable SV4 SV4 SELOGIC Control Equation Variable SV5 SV5 SELOGIC Control Equation Variable SV6 SV6 SELOGIC Control Equation Variable SV7 SV7 SELOGIC Control Equation Variable SV8 SV8 SELOGIC Control Equation Variable SV9 SV9 SELogic Control Equation Variable SV10 SV10 SELOGIC Control Equation Variable SV11 SV11 SELOGIC Control Equation Variable SV12 SV12 S...

Page 397: ... for Models 0351x1 and 0351xY Extra I O Board See Figure 7 30 Output Contact OUT201 OUT201 Output Contact OUT202 OUT202 Output Contact OUT203 OUT203 Output Contact OUT204 OUT204 Output Contact OUT205 OUT205 Output Contact OUT206 OUT206 Output Contact OUT207 OUT207 Output Contact OUT208 OUT208 Output Contact OUT209 OUT209 Output Contact OUT210 OUT210 Output Contact OUT211 OUT211 Output Contact OUT2...

Page 398: ...k elements see Figure 3 26 BSYNCH Close bus monitor see Figure 5 3 CLMON Breaker monitor initiation see Figure 8 3 BKMON Enable for zero sequence voltage polarized and channel IN current polarized directional elements see Figure 4 6 E32IV MIRRORED BITS Transmit Equations Available in Firmware Versions 1 and Greater see Appendix I Channel A transmit bit 1 TMB1A Channel A transmit bit 2 TMB2A Channe...

Page 399: ...c DCLOP DC battery instantaneous overvoltage pickup OFF 20 300 Vdc DCHIP Optoisolated Debounce Timers for Model 0351xT See Figure 7 1 Input IN1 debounce time 0 00 1 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps IN1D Input IN2 debounce time 0 00 1 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps IN2D Input IN3 debounce time 0 00 1 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps IN3D Input IN4 debounce time 0 00 1 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps IN4D In...

Page 400: ...206 debounce time 0 00 1 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps IN206D Input IN207 debounce time 0 00 1 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps IN207D Input IN208 debounce time 0 00 1 00 cycles in 0 25 cycle steps IN208D Breaker Monitor Settings See Breaker Monitor in Section 8 Breaker monitor enable Y N EBMON Make the following settings if preceding enable setting EBMON Y Close Open set point 1 max 0 65000 operatio...

Page 401: ...ent and voltage magnitudes VDC Battery voltage FREQ Phase frequency MWA MWB MWC MW3 Phase and 3 phase megaWATTs MVARA MVARB MVARC MVAR3 Phase and 3 phase megaVARs PFA PFB PFC PF3 Phase and 3 phase power factor LDPFA LDPFB LDPFC LDPF3 Phase and 3 phase power factor lead lag status 0 lag 1 lead IADEM IBDEM ICDEM INDEM IGDEM 3I2DEM Demand ammeter quantities MWADI MWBDI MWCDI MW3DI Phase and 3 phase d...

Page 402: ... 14 characters NLB3 Clear Local Bit LB3 Label 7 characters CLB3 Set Local Bit LB3 Label 7 characters SLB3 Pulse Local Bit LB3 Label 7 characters PLB3 Local Bit LB4 Name 14 characters NLB4 Clear Local Bit LB4 Label 7 characters CLB4 Set Local Bit LB4 Label 7 characters SLB4 Pulse Local Bit LB4 Label 7 characters PLB4 Local Bit LB5 Name 14 characters NLB5 Clear Local Bit LB5 Label 7 characters CLB5 ...

Page 403: ...y if DP3 logical 1 16 characters DP3_1 Display if DP3 logical 0 16 characters DP3_0 Display if DP4 logical 1 16 characters DP4_1 Display if DP4 logical 0 16 characters DP4_0 Display if DP5 logical 1 16 characters DP5_1 Display if DP5 logical 0 16 characters DP5_0 Display if DP6 logical 1 16 characters DP6_1 Display if DP6 logical 0 16 characters DP6_0 Display if DP7 logical 1 16 characters DP7_1 D...

Page 404: ...Y N DTA AUTO Enable Hardware Handshaking Y N MBT RTSCTS Fast Operate Enable Y N FASTOP Other Port Settings Set T_OUT to the number of minutes of serial port inactivity for an automatic log out Set T_OUT 0 for no port time out Set AUTO Y to allow automatic messages at the serial port Set AUTO DTA to use the serial port with an SEL DTA2 Display Transducer Adapter Set RTSCTS Y to enable hardware hand...

Page 405: ...Serial Port Access Levels 10 9 Access Level 0 10 9 Access Level 1 10 10 Access Level B 10 10 Access Level 2 10 11 Command Summary 10 11 Command Explanations 10 13 Access Level 0 Commands 10 13 ACC BAC and 2AC Commands go to Access Level 1 B or 2 10 13 Password Requirements and Default Passwords 10 13 Access Level Attempt Password Required 10 14 Access Level Attempt Password Not Required 10 14 Acce...

Page 406: ...d Open Breaker 10 34 PUL Command Pulse Output Contact 10 35 Access Level 2 Commands 10 36 CON Command Control Remote Bit 10 36 COP m n Command Copy Setting Group 10 36 LOO Command Loop Back Available in Firmware Versions 1 2 3 and 4 10 37 PAS Command View Change Passwords 10 37 SET Command Change Settings 10 38 VER Command Show Relay Configuration and Firmware Version 10 38 SEL 351 Relay Command S...

Page 407: ...l port to a computer serial port for local communications or to a modem for remote communications Other devices useful for communications include the SEL PRTU SEL 2020 and SEL 2030 Communications Processors SEL 2505 Remote I O Module SEL 2100 Protection Logic Processor and SEL DTA2 Display Transducer Adapter You can use a variety of terminal emulation programs on your personal computer to communic...

Page 408: ...and 0351xY and the following Table 10 3 Note that demodulated IRIG B time code can be input into the connector for Serial Port 1 on these three models If demodulated IRIG B time code is input into this connector it should not be input into Serial Port 2 and vice versa Table 10 2 Pinout Functions for EIA 232 Serial Ports 2 3 and F Pin Port 2 Port 3 Port F3 1 N C or 5 Vdc1 N C or 5 Vdc1 2 N C 2 RXD ...

Page 409: ...and 0351xM Models 0351x0 0351x1 0351xY and 0351xJ A41 1 TX A42 2 TX A43 3 RX A44 4 RX A45 5 SHIELD 6 N C 7 IRIG B 8 IRIG B The following cable diagrams show several types of EIA 232 serial communications cables that connect the SEL 351 Relay to other devices These and other cables are available from SEL Contact the factory for more information Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 410: ... 351 Relay 25 Pin DTE Device 9 Pin Male 25 Pin Female D Subconnector D Subconnector GND 5 7 GND TXD 3 3 RXD RXD 2 2 TXD GND 9 1 GND CTS 8 4 RTS 5 CTS 6 DSR 8 DCD 20 DTR SEL 351 to Modem Cable C222 SEL 351 Relay DCE Device 9 Pin Male 25 Pin Male D Subconnector D Subconnector GND 5 7 GND TXD 3 2 TXD IN RTS 7 20 DTR IN RXD 2 3 RXD OUT CTS 8 8 CD OUT GND 9 1 GND DTE Data Terminal Equipment Computer Te...

Page 411: ...TS 12 7 8 CTS GND 9 9 GND SEL 351 to SEL 2020 SEL 2030 or SEL 2100 Cable C273A SEL 2020 SEL 351 Relay 9 Pin Male 9 Pin Male D Subconnector D Subconnector RXD 2 3 TXD TXD 3 2 RXD IRIG 4 4 IRIG GND 5 5 GND IRIG 6 6 IRIG RTS 7 8 CTS CTS 8 7 RTS SEL 351 to SEL DTA2 Cable C272A SEL DTA2 SEL 351 Relay 9 Pin Male 9 Pin Male D Subconnector D Subconnector RXD 2 3 TXD TXD 3 2 RXD GND 5 5 GND RTS 7 7 RTS CTS...

Page 412: ... devices COMMUNICATIONS PROTOCOL Hardware Protocol All EIA 232 serial ports support RTS CTS hardware handshaking RTS CTS handshaking is not supported on the EIA 485 Serial Port 1 To enable hardware handshaking use the SET P command or front panel SET pushbutton to set RTSCTS Y Disable hardware handshaking by setting RTSCTS N If RTSCTS N the relay permanently asserts the RTS line If RTSCTS Y the re...

Page 413: ...acters may be used without distinction except in passwords Note The ENTER key on most keyboards is configured to send the ASCII character 13 M for a carriage return This manual instructs you to press the ENTER key after com mands which should send the proper ASCII code to the relay 2 The relay transmits all messages in the following format STX MESSAGE LINE 1 CRLF MESSAGE LINE 2 CRLF LAST MESSAGE L...

Page 414: ...e SEL relays to share a common communications channel The protocol is selected by setting the port setting PROTO LMD See Appendix C for more information on SEL Distributed Port Switch Protocol LMD SEL Fast Meter Protocol SEL Fast Meter protocol supports binary messages to transfer metering and control messages The protocol is described in Appendix D SEL Compressed ASCII Protocol SEL Compressed ASC...

Page 415: ...ailure The relay sends a status report each time a self test warning or failure condition is detected See STA Command Status in this section SERIAL PORT ACCESS LEVELS Commands can be issued to the relay via the serial port to view metering values change relay settings etc The available serial port commands are listed in Table 10 6 The commands can be accessed only from the corresponding access lev...

Page 416: ...t the Access Level 1 prompt 2AC ENTER The BAC command allows the relay to go to Access Level B see ACC BAC and 2AC Commands Go to Access Level 1 B or 2 in the Command Explanations subsection for more detail Enter the BAC command at the Access Level 1 prompt BAC ENTER Access Level B When the relay is in Access Level B the relay sends the prompt Commands BRE n through PUL in Table 10 6 are available...

Page 417: ...ble via the front panel pushbuttons The correspondence between the serial port commands and the front panel pushbuttons is also given in Table 10 6 See Section 11 Front Panel Interface for more infor mation on the front panel pushbuttons The serial port commands at the different access levels offer varying levels of control The Access Level 1 commands primarily allow the user to look at informatio...

Page 418: ...QUI Quit access level 1 SER Sequential Events Recorder 1 SHO Show view settings SET 1 SSI Voltage Sag Swell Interruption Report 1 STA Relay self test status STATUS 1 TAR Display relay element status OTHER 1 TIM View change time OTHER 1 TRI Trigger an event report B BRE n Preload reset breaker wear OTHER B CLO Close breaker B GRO n Change active setting group GROUP B OPE Open breaker B PUL Pulse ou...

Page 419: ...d where it is the time the event occurred The serial port command explanations that follow in the Command Explanations subsection are in the same order as the commands listed in Table 10 6 COMMAND EXPLANATIONS Access Level 0 Commands ACC BAC and 2AC Commands go to Access Level 1 B or 2 The ACC BAC and 2AC commands provide entry to the multiple access levels Different commands are available at the ...

Page 420: ...be entered Password The relay is shipped with the default Access Level 1 password OTTER Enter the default password Password OTTER ENTER The relay responds FEEDER 1 Date 03 05 97 Time 08 31 10 361 STATION A Level 1 The prompt indicates the relay is now in Access Level 1 If the entered password is incorrect the relay asks for the password again Password The relay will ask up to three times If the re...

Page 421: ...ss Level 2 is much the same with command BAC or 2AC entered at the access level screen prompt The relay closes the ALARM contact for one second after a successful Level B or Level 2 access If access is denied the ALARM contact closes for one second Access Level 1 Commands BRE Command Breaker Monitor Data Use the BRE command to view the breaker monitor report BRE ENTER BRE ENTER FEEDER 1 Date 02 02...

Page 422: ...ed by a listing of the COMM records COMM L FEEDER 1 Date 02 20 98 Time 18 37 36 125 STATION A FID SEL 351 2 X135 VM D980403 CID FF27 Summary for Mirrored Bits channel A For 02 05 98 17 18 12 993 to 02 20 98 18 37 36 123 Total failures 4 Last error Relay Disabled Relay Disabled 2 Data error 0 Longest Failure 2 835 sec Re Sync 0 Underrun 1 Unavailability 0 000003 Overrun 0 Parity error 1 Framing err...

Page 423: ...by the internal calendar clock If the date format setting DATE_F is set to MDY the date is displayed as month day year If the date format setting DATE_F is set to YMD the date is displayed as year month day To set the date type DATE mm dd yy ENTER if the DATE_F setting is MDY If the DATE_F is set to YMD enter DATE yy mm dd ENTER To set the date to June 1 1997 enter DATE 6 1 98 ENTER DATE 6 1 98 EN...

Page 424: ...ory The event summaries include the date and time the event was triggered the type of event the fault location the maximum phase current in the event the power system frequency the number of the active setting group the reclose shot count and the front panel targets To display the relay event summaries enter the following command HIS ENTER HIS ENTER FEEDER 1 Date 02 01 97 Time 08 40 16 740 STATION...

Page 425: ...column is one of the following TRIP event report generated by assertion of Relay Word bit TRIP ER event report generated by assertion of SELOGIC Control Equation event report trigger condition setting ER PULSE event report generated by execution of the PUL Pulse command TRIG event report generated by execution of the TRI Trigger command The TARGETS column will display any of the following illumina...

Page 426: ...amount of meter information manageable the relay divides the displayed information into four groups Instantaneous Demand Energy and Maximum Minimum Note If the serial port AUTO setting is DTA the SEL 351 Relay response for MET and MET D will be formatted differently on that serial port than shown below MET k Instantaneous Metering The MET k command displays instantaneous magnitudes and angles if a...

Page 427: ...B C N G I MAG A 195 146 192 614 198 090 0 302 4 880 I ANG DEG 8 03 128 02 111 89 52 98 81 22 A B C S V MAG KV 11 691 11 686 11 669 11 695 V ANG DEG 0 00 119 79 120 15 0 05 A B C 3P MW 2 259 2 228 2 288 6 774 MVAR 0 319 0 322 0 332 0 973 PF 0 990 0 990 0 990 0 990 LAG LAG LAG LAG I1 3I2 3I0 V1 V2 3V0 MAG 195 283 4 630 4 880 11 682 0 007 0 056 ANG DEG 8 06 103 93 81 22 0 12 80 25 65 83 FREQ Hz 60 00...

Page 428: ...aker Monitor Metering and Load Profile Functions MET E Energy Metering The MET E command displays the following quantities Energy MWhA B C Single phase megawatt hours in and out wye connected voltage inputs only MWh3P Three phase megawatt hours in and out MVARhA B C Single phase megavar hours in and out wye connected voltage inputs only MVARh3P Three phase megavar hours in and out Reset Time Last ...

Page 429: ... 196 8 02 01 97 15 00 42 574 30 0 02 01 97 14 51 02 391 IB A 195 0 02 01 97 15 05 19 558 31 8 02 01 97 14 50 55 536 IC A 200 4 02 01 97 15 00 42 578 52 2 02 01 97 14 51 02 332 IN A 42 6 02 01 97 14 51 02 328 42 6 02 01 97 14 51 02 328 IG A 42 0 02 01 97 14 50 55 294 42 0 02 01 97 14 50 55 294 VA kV 11 7 02 01 97 15 01 01 576 3 4 02 01 97 15 00 42 545 VB kV 11 7 02 01 97 15 00 42 937 2 4 02 01 97 1...

Page 430: ...ort and SER SHO Command Show View Settings Use the SHO command to view relay settings SELOGIC Control Equations global settings serial port settings sequential events recorder SER settings and text label settings Below are the SHO command options SHO n Show relay settings n specifies the setting group 1 2 3 4 5 or 6 n defaults to the active setting group if not listed SHO L n Show SELOGIC Control ...

Page 431: ... 38 Z0ANG 72 47 LL 4 84 E50P 1 E50N N E50G N E50Q N E51P 1 E51N N E51G Y E51Q N E32 N ELOAD N ESOTF N EVOLT N E25 N EFLOC Y ELOP Y ECOMM N E81 1 E79 2 ESV 1 EDEM THM 50P1P 15 00 67P1D 0 00 50PP1P OFF 51PP 6 00 51PC U3 51PTD 3 00 51PRS N 51GP 1 50 51GC U3 51GTD 1 50 51GRS N 27B81P 40 0 81D1P 59 10 81D1D 6 00 79OI1 30 00 79OI2 600 00 Press RETURN to continue ENTER 79RSD 1800 00 79RSLD 300 00 79CLSD ...

Page 432: ...TURN to continue ENTER ENTER RST8 0 67P1TC 1 67P2TC 1 67P3TC 1 67P4TC 1 67N1TC 1 67N2TC 1 67N3TC 1 67N4TC 1 67G1TC 1 67G2TC 1 67G3TC 1 67G4TC 1 67Q1TC 1 67Q2TC 1 67Q3TC 1 67Q4TC 1 51ATC 1 51BTC 1 51CTC 1 Press RETURN to continue ENTER ENTER 51PTC 1 51NTC 1 51GTC 1 51QTC 1 SV1 TRIP SV2 0 SV3 0 SV4 0 SV5 0 SV6 0 SV7 0 SV8 0 SV9 0 SV10 0 SV11 0 SV12 0 SV13 0 SV14 0 SV15 0 SV16 0 Press RETURN to conti...

Page 433: ...SS5 0 SS6 0 ER 51P 51G OUT3 FAULT 51P 51G BSYNCH 52A CLMON 0 BKMON TRIP E32IV 1 SHO G ENTER SHO G ENTER Global Settings TGR 180 00 NFREQ 60 PHROT ABC DATE_F MDY FP_TO 15 LER 15 PRE 4 DCLOP OFF DCHIP OFF IN1D 0 50 IN2D 0 50 IN3D 0 50 IN4D 0 50 IN5D 0 50 IN6D 0 50 IN7D 0 50 IN8D 0 50 EBMON Y COSP1 10000 COSP2 150 COSP3 12 KASP1 1 2 KASP2 8 0 KASP3 20 0 SHO P ENTER SHO P ENTER Port F PROTO SEL SPEED ...

Page 434: ...1 DP8_0 79LL SET RECLOSURES 79SL RECLOSE COUNT SSI Command Voltage Sag Swell Interruption Report Available in Firmware Versions 3 and 4 Use the SSI command to view the voltage Sag Swell and Interruption report For more information on SSI reports see Section 12 Standard Event Reports Sag Swell Interruption Report and SER STA Command Relay Self Test Status The STA command displays the status report ...

Page 435: ... the dc offset in the A D circuit when a grounded input is selected PS PS Power Supply displays power supply voltages in Vdc for the power supply outputs TEMP Displays the internal relay temperature in degrees Celsius RAM ROM CR_RAM critical RAM and EEPROM These tests verify the relay memory components The columns display OK if memory is functioning properly the columns display FAIL if the memory ...

Page 436: ...at a logical 1 asserted or a logical 0 deasserted Relay Word bits are used in SELOGIC Control Equations See Section 9 Setting the Relay and Appendix G Setting SELOGIC Control Equations The TAR command does not remap the front panel target LEDs as is done in some previous SEL relays But the execution of the equivalent TAR command via the front panel display does remap the bottom row of the front pa...

Page 437: ... 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 79RS 79CY 79LO SH0 SH1 SH2 SH3 SH4 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 Note that Relay Word row containing the SH1 bit is repeated 10 times In this example the reclosing relay is in the Lockout State 79LO logical 1 and the shot is at shot 2 SH2 logical 1 Command TAR 32 will report the same data since the SH1 b...

Page 438: ...nterruption Report and SER for more information on event reports Access Level B Commands BRE n Command Preload Reset Breaker Wear Use the BRE W command to preload breaker wear For example to preload the breaker wear to 25 28 and 24 for the respective phases issue the command below BRE W ENTER BRE W ENTER Breaker Wear Percent Preload A phase 13 25 ENTER 25 ENTER B phase 13 28 ENTER 28 ENTER C phase...

Page 439: ...executed Relay Word bit CC can then be programmed into the CL SELOGIC Control Equation to assert the CLOSE Relay Word bit which in turn asserts an output contact e g OUT2 CLOSE to close a circuit breaker See Figure 6 1 See the Note in the Set Close discussion following Figure 6 1 for more information concerning Relay Word bit CC and its recommended use as used in the factory settings To issue the ...

Page 440: ...up control For example assume setting Group 1 is the active setting group and the SS1 setting is asserted to logical 1 e g SS1 IN1 and optoisolated input IN1 is asserted An attempt to change to setting Group 2 with the GRO 2 command will not be accepted GRO 2 ENTER GRO 2 ENTER No group change see manual Active Group 1 For more information on setting group selection see Multiple Setting Groups in S...

Page 441: ...nd format is PUL x y where x is the output name e g OUT1 OUT107 ALARM OUT211 see Figure 7 28 through Figure 7 30 y is the pulse duration 1 30 in seconds If y is not specified the pulse duration defaults to 1 second To pulse OUT1 for 5 seconds PUL OUT1 5 ENTER PUL OUT1 5 ENTER Are you sure Y N Y ENTER Y ENTER If the response to the Are you sure Y N prompt is N or n the command is aborted The PUL co...

Page 442: ...ription SRB n Set Remote Bit n ON position CRB n Clear Remote Bit n OFF position PRB n Pulse Remote Bit n for 1 4 cycle MOMENTARY position See Remote Control Switches in Section 7 Inputs Outputs Timers and Other Control Logic for more information COP m n Command Copy Setting Group Copy relay and SELOGIC Control Equation settings from setting Group m to setting Group n with the COP m n command Sett...

Page 443: ...s The RMB values will be forced to default values while loopback is enabled Are you sure Y N If only one MIRRORED BITS port is enabled the channel specifier may be omitted To enable looped back mode for other than the default 5 minutes enter the desired number of minutes 1 5000 as a command parameter To allow the looped back data to modify the RMB values include the DATA parameter LOO 10 DATA ENTE...

Page 444: ...er information If you wish to disable password protection for a specific access level even if Password jumper is not in place Password jumper OFF simply set the password to DISABLE For example PAS 1 DISABLE disables password protection for Level 1 SET Command Change Settings The SET command allows the user to view or change the relay settings see Table 9 1 in Section 9 Setting the Relay VER Comman...

Page 445: ...report for MIRRORED BITS channel p using failure records m through n m 1 512 COM1 p d1 Show COM report for MIRRORED BITS channel p using failures recorded on date d1 see DAT command for date format COM1 p d1 d2 Show COM report for MIRRORED BITS channel p using failures recorded between dates d1 and d2 inclusive COM1 L For all COM commands L causes the specified COM report records to be listed afte...

Page 446: ...col LMD connection SER Show entire Sequential Events Recorder SER report SER n Show latest n rows in the SER report n 1 512 where 1 is the most recent entry SER m n Show rows m through n in the SER report m 1 512 SER d1 Show all rows in the SER report recorded on the specified date see DAT command for date format SER d1 d2 Show all rows in the SER report recorded between dates d1 and d2 inclusive ...

Page 447: ...er n k 1 30 seconds if not specified default is 1 Access Level 2 Commands The Access Level 2 commands allow unlimited access to relay settings parameters and output contacts All Access Level 1 and Access Level B commands are available from Access Level 2 The screen prompt is CON n Control Relay Word bit RBn Remote Bit n n 1 8 Execute CON n and the relay responds CONTROL RBn Then reply with one of ...

Page 448: ...TERSE disables the automatic SHO command after settings entry STA C Resets self test warnings failures and reboots the relay VER Show relay configuration and firmware version Key Stroke Commands Ctrl Q Send XON command to restart communications port output previously halted by XOFF Ctrl S Send XOFF command to pause communications port output Ctrl X Send CANCEL command to abort current command and ...

Page 449: ...ol With Factory Settings 11 9 Local Control State Retained When Relay Deenergized 11 10 Rotating Default Display 11 11 Additional Rotating Default Display Example 11 14 FIGURES Figure 11 1 SEL 351 Relay Front Panel Pushbuttons Overview 11 1 Figure 11 2 SEL 351 Relay Front Panel Pushbuttons Primary Functions 11 2 Figure 11 3 SEL 351 Relay Front Panel Pushbuttons Primary Functions continued 11 3 Fig...

Page 450: ...Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 451: ...ed again when the present selected function metering is exited press EXIT pushbutton or the display goes back to the default display after no front panel activity for a settable time period see global setting FP_TO in Settings Sheet 16 of 21 at the end of Section 9 Setting the Relay relay shipped with FP_TO 15 minutes Figure 11 1 SEL 351 Relay Front Panel Pushbuttons Overview Primary Functions Not...

Page 452: ... Level B and Access Level 2 passwords See PAS Command View Change Password in Section 10 for more information on passwords To enter the Access Level B and Access Level 2 passwords from the front panel if required use the left right arrow pushbuttons to underscore a password digit position Use the up down arrow pushbuttons to then change the digit Press the SELECT pushbutton once the correct Access...

Page 453: ...ons continued Secondary Functions After a primary function is selected see Figure 11 2 and Figure 11 3 the pushbuttons then revert to operating on their secondary functions see Figure 11 4 Use the left right arrows to underscore a desired function Then press the SELECT pushbutton to select the function Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 454: ...plete press the SELECT pushbutton to select enable the setting Press the CANCEL pushbutton to abort a setting change procedure and return to the previous display Press the EXIT pushbutton to return to the default display and have the primary pushbutton functions activated again see Figure 11 2 and Figure 11 3 Figure 11 4 SEL 351 Relay Front Panel Pushbuttons Secondary Functions Courtesy of Nationa...

Page 455: ... The corresponding text label settings shown with factory default settings are 79LL SET RECLOSURES Last Shot Label limited to 14 characters 79SL RECLOSE COUNT Shot Counter Label limited to 14 characters These text label settings are set with the SET T command or viewed with the SHOWSET T command via the serial port see Section 9 Setting the Relay and SHO Command Show View Settings in Section 10 Se...

Page 456: ...nter SET RECLOSURES 2 RECLOSE COUNT 1 The relay trips the breaker open again The reclosing relay shot counter screen still appears as SET RECLOSURES 2 RECLOSE COUNT 1 The second open interval 79OI2 600 times out the shot counter increments from 1 to 2 and the relay recloses the breaker The reclosing relay shot counter screen shows the incremented shot counter SET RECLOSURES 2 RECLOSE COUNT 2 If th...

Page 457: ...gh Figure 11 7 Figure 11 5 Local Control Switch Configured as an ON OFF Switch Figure 11 6 Local Control Switch Configured as an OFF MOMENTARY Switch Figure 11 7 Local Control Switch Configured as an ON OFF MOMENTARY Switch Local control switches are created by making corresponding switch position label settings These text label settings are set with the SET T command or viewed with the SHO T comm...

Page 458: ...tch displays shown here with factory default settings MANUAL TRIP Position RETURN Press the right arrow pushbutton and scroll to the next set local control switch MANUAL CLOSE Position RETURN The MANUAL TRIP RETURN TRIP and MANUAL CLOSE RETURN CLOSE switches are both OFF MOMENTARY switches see Figure 11 6 There are no more local control switches in the factory default settings Press the right arro...

Page 459: ...rol switch position MANUAL TRIP Position TRIP Because this is an OFF MOMENTARY type switch the MANUAL TRIP switch returns to the RETURN position after momentarily being in the TRIP position Technically the MANUAL TRIP switch being an OFF MOMENTARY type switch is in the TRIP position for one processing interval 1 4 cycle long enough to assert the correspond ing local bit LB3 to logical 1 and then r...

Page 460: ...nabled This is akin to a traditional panel where enabling disabling of re closing and other functions is accomplished by panel mounted switches If dc control voltage to the panel is lost and then restored again the switch positions are still in place If the reclosing switch is in the enable position switch closed before the power outage it will be in the same position after the outage when power i...

Page 461: ...ast one local control switch is operational It is a reminder of how to access the local control function See the preceding discussion in this section and Local Control Switches in Section 7 Inputs Outputs Timers and Other Control Logic for more information on local control If display point labels e g 79 DISABLED and BREAKER OPEN are enabled for display they also enter into the 2 seconds per screen...

Page 462: ...input IN1 see Optoisolated Inputs in Section 7 Inputs Outputs Timers and Other Control Logic Display Points SELOGIC Control Equation Settings Example Display Point States Display Point Label Settings DP1 IN2 DP2 52A logical 0 logical 0 DP1_1 79 ENABLED DP1_0 79 DISABLED DP2_1 BREAKER CLOSED DP2_0 BREAKER OPEN DP1 IN2 DP2 52A logical 1 logical 0 DP1_1 79 ENABLED DP1_0 79 DISABLED DP2_1 BREAKER CLOS...

Page 463: ...their corresponding display point labels are set If additional display points and corresponding display point labels are set the additional enabled display point labels join the 2 seconds per screen rotation on the front panel display Display point label settings are set with the SET T command or viewed with the SHO T command via the serial port see Section 9 Setting the Relay and SHO Command Show...

Page 464: ...nstruction Manual Additional Rotating Default Display Example See Figure 5 17 and accompanying text in Section 5 Trip and Target Logic for an example of resetting a rotating default display with the TARGET RESET pushbutton Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 465: ...andard Event Report Column Definitions 12 8 Current Voltage and Frequency Columns 12 8 Output Input and Protection and Control Columns 12 9 Sequential Events Recorder SER Report 12 23 SER Triggering 12 23 Making SER Trigger Settings 12 24 Make Sequential Events Recorder SER Settings With Care 12 24 Retrieving SER Reports 12 24 Clearing SER Report 12 26 Example Standard 15 Cycle Event Report 12 26 ...

Page 466: ...Report 1 4 Cycle Resolution 12 31 Figure 12 3 Derivation of Event Report Current Values and RMS Current Values From Sampled Current Waveform 12 32 Figure 12 4 Derivation of Phasor RMS Current Values From Event Report Current Values 12 33 Figure 12 5 Example Sequential Events Recorder SER Event Report 12 34 Figure 12 6 Example Sag Swell Interruption SSI Report 12 38 Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear c...

Page 467: ...are triggered the latest event report overwrites the oldest event report See Figure 12 2 for an example standard 15 cycle event report Table 12 1 Minimum Event Report Capacity in Nonvolatile Memory Firmware Version LER 15 Cycles LER 30 Cycles 0 1 or 2 30 15 3 or 4 14 7 The relay adds lines in the sequential events recorder SER report for a change of state of a programmable condition The SER lists ...

Page 468: ... an event report is automatically generated Thus any condition that causes a trip does not have to be entered in SELOGIC Control Equation setting ER For example SELOGIC Control Equation trip setting TR is unsupervised Any trip condition that asserts in setting TR causes the TRIP Relay Word bit to assert immediately The factory setting for trip setting TR is TR OC 51PT 51GT 81D1T LB3 50P1 SH0 If an...

Page 469: ... one processing interval If the fault is not interrupted after the relay trips then the relay outputs a breaker failure trip with output contact OUT3 and another event report is generated ER OUT3 logical 1 for one processing interval As stated earlier the 51G pickup indicator is still asserted at the time of breaker failure trip but the rising edge operators allow each individual action to generat...

Page 470: ...formation is at the top of the standard event report and the other information follows at the end See Figure 12 2 The example event summary in Figure 12 1 corresponds to the full length standard 15 cycle event report in Figure 12 2 Note Figure 12 2 is on multiple pages FEEDER 1 Date 02 11 97 Time 09 52 14 881 STATION A Event AG T Location 2 41 Shot 0 Frequency 60 00 Targets INST 50 Currents A Pri ...

Page 471: ...an event report is generated If the fault locator does not operate successfully is listed in the field If EFLOC N the field is blank Fault location is based upon the line impedance settings Z1MAG Z1ANG Z0MAG and Z0ANG and corresponding line length setting LL For delta connected voltages additional zero sequence source impedance settings Z0SMAG and Z0SANG are required so that zero sequence voltage ...

Page 472: ... not listed where 1 is the most recent event Sx Display x samples per cycle 4 or 16 defaults to 4 if not listed Ly Display y cycles of data 1 LER Defaults to LER value if not listed Unfiltered reports R parameter display an extra cycle of data L Display 16 samples per cycle same as the S16 parameter R Specifies the unfiltered raw event report Defaults to 16 samples per cycle unless overridden with...

Page 473: ...eports to facilitate event report storage and display The SEL 2020 Communications Processor and the SEL 5601 Analytic Assistant software take advantage of the compressed ASCII format Use the EVE C command or CEVENT command to display compressed ASCII event reports See the CEVENT command discussion in Appendix E Compressed ASCII Commands for further information Filtered and Unfiltered Event Reports...

Page 474: ...he EVE command The columns contain ac current ac voltage station dc battery voltage frequency output input and protection and control element information Current Voltage and Frequency Columns Table 12 3 summarizes the event report current voltage and frequency columns Table 12 3 Standard Event Report Current Voltage and Frequency Columns Column Heading Definition IA Current measured by channel IA ...

Page 475: ...ptoisolated inputs for the extra I O board on models 0351x1 and 0351xY See Table 1 1 and figures referenced therein for more information on all the available models Table 12 4 Output Input and Protection and Control Element Event Report Columns Column Heading Corresponding Elements Relay Word Bits Symbol Definition All columns Element input output not picked up or not asserted unless otherwise sta...

Page 476: ... 0351xT A Output contact ALARM asserted b Both OUT11 and ALARM asserted In 12 IN1 IN2 Model 0351xT 1 Optoisolated input IN1 or IN101 asserted IN101 IN102 Models 0351x0 0351x1 and 2 Optoisolated input IN2 or IN102 asserted 0351xY b Both IN1 and IN2 or IN101 and IN102 asserted In 34 IN3 IN4 Model 0351xT 3 Optoisolated input IN3 or IN103 asserted IN103 IN104 Models 0351x0 0351x1 and 4 Optoisolated in...

Page 477: ...ement 50B picked up C Single phase instantaneous overcurrent element 50C picked up a Both 50A and 50B picked up b Both 50B and 50C picked up c Both 50C and 50A picked up 3 50A 50B and 50C picked up 50 PP 50AB1 50AB2 50AB3 50AB4 50BC1 50BC2 A Phase to phase instantaneous overcurrent element 50AB1 50AB2 50AB3 or 50AB4 picked up 50BC3 50BC4 50CA1 50CA2 50CA3 50CA4 B Phase to phase instantaneous overc...

Page 478: ...7Q4 3 Level 3 instantaneous element 67_3 picked up levels 1 and 2 not picked up 2 Level 2 instantaneous element 67_2 picked up Level 1 not picked up 1 Level 1 instantaneous element 67_1 picked up DM PQ PDEM QDEM P Phase demand ammeter element PDEM picked up Q Negative sequence demand ammeter element QDEM picked up b Both PDEM and QDEM picked up DM NG NDEM GDEM N Neutral ground demand ammeter eleme...

Page 479: ...ous undervoltage element 27AB1 picked up B BC phase to phase instantaneous undervoltage element 27BC1 picked up C CA phase to phase instantaneous undervoltage element 27CA1 picked up a 27AB1 and 27CA1 elements picked up b 27AB1 and 27BC1 elements picked up c 27BC1 and 27CA1 elements picked up 3 27AB1 27BC1 and 27CA1 elements picked up 27 PP2 delta connected 27AB2 27BC2 27CA2 A AB phase to phase in...

Page 480: ...AB 59BC 59CA A AB phase to phase instantaneous overvoltage element 59AB picked up B BC phase to phase instantaneous overvoltage element 59BC picked up C CA phase to phase instantaneous overvoltage element 59CA picked up a 59AB and 59CA elements picked up b 59AB and 59BC elements picked up c 59BC and 59CA elements picked up 3 59AB 59BC and 59CA elements picked up 59 PP1 delta connected 59AB1 59BC1 ...

Page 481: ...Q picked up 59 V1 delta connected 59V Positive sequence instantaneous overvoltage element 59V1 picked up 59 Q delta connected 59Q1 59Q2 1 Negative sequence instantaneous overvoltage element 59Q1 picked up 2 Negative sequence instantaneous overvoltage element 59Q2 picked up b Both 59Q1 and 59Q2 picked up 59 N wye connected 59N1 59N2 1 First ground instantaneous overvoltage element 59N1 picked up 2 ...

Page 482: ...up b Both 81D3 and 81D4 picked up 81 56 81D5 81D6 5 Frequency element 81D5 picked up 6 Frequency element 81D6 picked up b Both 81D5 and 81D6 picked up 79 RCSF CF 79RS Reclosing relay nonexistent 79CY 79LO S Reclose supervision failure condition RCSF asserts for only 1 4 cycle F Close failure condition CF asserts for only 1 4 cycle R Reclosing relay in Reset State 79RS C Reclosing relay in Reclose ...

Page 483: ... and LB4 asserted Lcl 56 LB5 LB6 5 Local bit LB5 asserted 6 Local bit LB6 asserted b Both LB5 and LB6 asserted Lcl 78 LB7 LB8 7 Local bit LB7 asserted 8 Local bit LB8 asserted b Both LB7 and LB8 asserted Rem 12 RB1 RB2 1 Remote bit RB1 asserted 2 Remote bit RB2 asserted b Both RB1 and RB2 asserted Rem 34 RB3 RB4 3 Remote bit RB3 asserted 4 Remote bit RB4 asserted b Both RB3 and RB4 asserted Rem 56...

Page 484: ...SV5 SV5T SV6 SV6T SV7 SV7T SV8 SV8T SV8 SV9T SV8 SV10T SV8 SV11T SV8 SV12T SV8 SV13T SV8 SV14T SV8 SV15T SV8 SV16T p T d SELOGIC Control Equation variable timer input SV_ asserted timer timing on pickup time timer output SV_T not asserted SELOGIC Control Equation variable timer input SV_ asserted timer timed out on pickup time timer output SV_T asserted SELOGIC Control Equation variable timer inpu...

Page 485: ...el 3 extension timer Z3XT asserted DSTR DSTRT Directional carrier start DSTRT asserted NSTR NSTRT Nondirectional carrier start NSTRT asserted STOP STOP Carrier stop STOP asserted BTX BTX Block trip input extension BTX asserted TMB A 12 TMB1A TMB2A 1 MIRRORED BITS channel A transmit bit 1 TMB1A asserted 2 MIRRORED BITS channel A transmit bit 2 TMB2A asserted b both TMB1A and TMB2A asserted TMB A 34...

Page 486: ...ted 4 MIRRORED BITS channel A receive bit t 4 RMB4A asserted b both RMB3A and RMB4A asserted RMB A 56 RMB5A RMB6A 5 MIRRORED BITS channel A receive bit 5 RMB5A asserted 6 MIRRORED BITS channel A receive bit 6 RMB6A asserted b both RMB5A and RMB6A asserted RMB A 78 RMB7A RMB8A 7 MIRRORED BITS channel A receive bit 7 RMB7A asserted 8 MIRRORED BITS channel A receive bit 8 RMB8A asserted b both RMB7A ...

Page 487: ...1 RMB1B asserted 2 MIRRORED BITS channel B receive bit 2 RMB2B asserted b both RMB1B and RMB2B asserted RMB B 34 RMB3B RMB4B 3 MIRRORED BITS channel B receive bit 3 RMB3B asserted 4 MIRRORED BITS channel B receive bit t 4 RMB4B asserted b both RMB3B and RMB4B asserted RMB B 56 RMB5B RMB6B 5 MIRRORED BITS channel B receive bit 5 RMB5B asserted 6 MIRRORED BITS channel B receive bit 6 RMB6B asserted ...

Page 488: ... A loop back ok LBOKA asserted B MIRRORED BITS channel A loop back ok LBOKB asserted b both LBOKA and LBOKB asserted PWR A 12 PWRA1 PWRA2 1 Level 1 A phase power element PWR1A picked up 2 Level 2 A phase power element PWR2A picked up B both PWR1A and PWR2A picked up PWR A 34 PWRA3 PWRA4 3 Level 3 A phase power element PWR3A picked up 4 Level 4 A phase power element PWR4A picked up b both PWR3A and...

Page 489: ...ing The relay triggers generates an entry in the SER report for a change of state of any one of the elements listed in the SER1 SER2 and SER3 trigger settings The factory default settings are SER1 51P 51G 50P1 SER2 LB3 LB4 IN1 IN2 OUT1 OUT2 OUT3 SER3 CF 79CY 79LO The elements are Relay Word bits referenced in Table 9 3 The relay monitors each element in the SER lists every 1 4 cycle If an element ...

Page 490: ... of state in any one of the elements listed in the SER1 SER2 or SER3 trigger settings Nonvolatile memory is used to store the latest 512 rows of the SER event report so they can be retained during power loss The nonvolatile memory is rated for a finite number of writes Exceeding the limit can result in an EEPROM self test failure An average of four state changes per minute can be made for a 25 yea...

Page 491: ...he latest row at the end bottom of the report for the given date Chronological progression through the report is down the page and in descending row number SER 2 17 97 3 23 97 If SER is entered with two dates following it date 2 17 97 chronologically precedes date 3 23 97 in this example all the rows between and including dates 2 17 97 and 3 23 97 are displayed if they exist They display with the ...

Page 492: ...e 12 4 These currents are listed at the end of the event report in the event summary If the trigger row and the maximum phase current row are the same row the symbol takes precedence FEEDER 1 Date 02 11 97 Time 09 52 14 881 STATION A FID SEL 351 X111 Vf D970128 CID 1F00 Out In Currents Amps Pri Voltages kV Pri 135791 1357 IA IB IC IN IG VA VB VC VS Vdc Freq 24680A 2468 1 188 291 102 0 1 8 0 11 8 3...

Page 493: ...1 6 0 0 126 60 32 1 2 11 0 0 0 0 0 8 4 11 7 3 3 0 0 126 60 33 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 8 7 3 0 11 7 0 0 126 60 33 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 8 4 11 7 3 3 0 0 126 60 02 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 8 7 3 0 11 7 0 0 126 60 02 1 2 Two cycles of data not shown in this example 14 0 0 0 0 0 8 5 11 7 3 2 0 0 126 60 00 1 2 0 0 0 1 0 8 6 3 1 11 7 0 0 126 60 00 2 1 1 1 1 2 8 4 11 7 3 2 0 0 126 60 00 2 1 0 0 0 1 8 6 3 0 11 7 0 0 126 60 00 2 One c...

Page 494: ... of data not shown in this example The Communication Elements Section is only available in Firmware Versions 1 and greater Communication Elements S PZ EE ZDNS TMB RMB TMB RMB RRCL PWR 3O T3KKCWU 3SSTB A A B B OBBB A B C PT PRREETFB XTTOT 1357 1357 1357 1357 KAAO 131313 OF TXBYYTCB TRRPX 2468 2468 2468 2468 DDK 242424 1 b b b b 2 b b b b Thirteen cycles of data not shown in this example 15 b b b b ...

Page 495: ... 51PRS N 51GP 1 50 51GC U3 51GTD 1 50 51GRS N 27B81P 30 0 81D1P 59 10 81D1D 6 00 79OI1 30 00 79OI2 600 00 79RSD 1800 00 79RSLD 300 00 79CLSD 0 00 DMTC 5 PDEMP 5 00 NDEMP 1 50 GDEMP 1 50 QDEMP 1 50 TDURD 9 00 CFD 60 00 3POD 1 50 50LP 0 25 SV1PU 12 00 SV1DO 2 00 SELogic group 1 SELogic Control Equations TR 51PT 51GT 81D1T LB3 50P1 SH0 OC TRCOMM 0 TRSOTF 0 DTT 0 ULTR 51P 51G PT1 0 LOG1 0 PT2 0 LOG2 0...

Page 496: ...TC 1 67G4TC 1 67Q1TC 1 67Q2TC 1 67Q3TC 1 67Q4TC 1 51ATC 1 51BTC 1 51CTC 1 51PTC 1 51NTC 1 51GTC 1 51QTC 1 SV1 TRIP SV2 0 SV3 0 SV4 0 SV5 0 SV6 0 SV7 0 SV8 0 SV9 0 SV10 0 SV11 0 SV12 0 SV13 0 SV14 0 SV15 0 SV16 0 OUT1 TRIP OUT2 CLOSE OUT3 SV1T OUT4 0 OUT5 0 OUT6 0 OUT7 0 OUT8 0 OUT9 0 OUT10 0 OUT11 0 DP1 IN2 DP2 IN1 DP3 0 DP4 0 DP5 0 DP6 0 DP7 0 DP8 0 SS1 0 SS2 0 SS3 0 SS4 0 SS5 0 SS6 0 Courtesy of...

Page 497: ...0 50 IN8D 0 50 EBMON Y COSP1 10000 COSP2 150 COSP3 12 KASP1 1 2 KASP2 8 0 KASP3 20 0 Figure 12 2 Example Standard 15 Cycle Event Report 1 4 Cycle Resolution Figure 12 3 and Figure 12 4 look in detail at 1 cycle of A phase current channel IA identified in Figure 12 2 Figure 12 3 shows how the event report ac current column data relates to the actual sampled waveform and RMS values Figure 12 4 shows...

Page 498: ...ion Manual Figure 12 3 Derivation of Event Report Current Values and RMS Current Values From Sampled Current Waveform In Figure 12 3 note that any two rows of current data from the event report in Figure 12 2 1 4 cycle apart can be used to calculate RMS current values Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 499: ... In Figure 12 4 note that two rows of current data from the event report in Figure 12 2 1 4 cycle apart can be used to calculate phasor RMS current values In Figure 12 4 at the present sample the phasor RMS current value is IA 2749 A 30 0 The present sample IA 2380 A is a real RMS current value that relates to the phasor RMS current value 2749 A cos 30 0 2380 A Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 500: ...02 11 97 09 52 14 889 OUT1 Asserted 6 02 11 97 09 52 14 964 50P1 Deasserted 5 02 11 97 09 52 14 973 51P Deasserted 4 02 11 97 09 52 14 977 IN1 Deasserted 3 02 11 97 09 52 14 981 51G Deasserted 2 02 11 97 09 52 15 039 OUT1 Deasserted 1 02 11 97 09 52 15 535 OUT2 Asserted Figure 12 5 Example Sequential Events Recorder SER Event Report The SER event report rows in Figure 12 5 are explained in the fol...

Page 501: ...0P1 picks up and asserts trip output contact OUT1 to trip the circuit breaker see Figure 5 1 Relay goes to the Reclose Cycle State 79CY Related settings TR 50P1 SH0 OUT1 TRIP 6 5 3 Instantaneous overcurrent element 50P1 and time overcurrent element pickups 51P and 51G drop out as the circuit breaker interrupts fault current 4 Input IN1 deasserts indicating that the circuit breaker opened 2 Trip ou...

Page 502: ...SAG SWELL INT or POST PRE Recorded for all pre disturbance entries no SSI elements asserted SAG One or more sag elements asserted SWELL One or more swell elements asserted INT One or more interruption elements asserted POST Recorded when all SSI elements dropout The relay archives SSI data in the following manner 1 Archive eight pre disturbance records These records correspond to 1 1 1 1 and 2 cyc...

Page 503: ...ning top of the report and the latest row row 10 at the end bottom of the report Chronological progression through the report is down the page and in descending row number SSI 47 22 If SSI is entered with two numbers following it 47 and 22 in this example 47 22 all the rows between and including rows 47 and 22 are displayed if they exist They display with the newest row row 22 at the beginning top...

Page 504: ...SI C ENTER Clear the Archive Are you sure Y N Y ENTER Y ENTER Clearing Complete EXAMPLE SAG SWELL INTERRUPTION SSI REPORT The following example sag swell interruption SSI report in Figure 12 6 This report shows a simple voltage sag on B phase FEEDER 1 Date 03 07 98 Time 03 29 48 297 STATION A FID SEL 351 4 R200 D980821 CID 7B9A Current Inom Voltage Vbase Vbase SSI No Date Time Ia Ib Ic Ig In Va Vb...

Page 505: ...rth Fault SEF Channel IN 0 05 A Nominal 13 4 Test Methods 13 4 Testing Via Front Panel Indicators 13 5 Testing Via Output Contacts 13 5 Testing Via Sequential Events Recorder 13 5 Relay Self Tests 13 6 Relay Troubleshooting 13 8 Inspection Procedure 13 8 Troubleshooting Procedure 13 9 All Front Panel LEDs Dark 13 9 Cannot See Characters on Relay LCD Screen 13 9 Relay Does Not Respond to Commands F...

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Page 507: ...requirements of the intended application c Gain familiarity with relay settings and capabilities What to test All protection elements and logic functions critical to the intended application SEL performs detailed acceptance testing on all new relay models and versions We are certain the relays we ship meet their published specifications It is important for you to perform acceptance testing on a re...

Page 508: ...aking correct and accurate current and voltage measurements by comparing the relay METER output to other meter readings on that line Review relay event reports in detail after each fault Using the event report current voltage and relay element data you can determine that the relay protection elements are operating properly Using the event report input and output data you can determine that the rel...

Page 509: ...tput contact states The SER provides a convenient means to verify the pickup dropout of any element in the relay The SER command is available at the serial ports See Section 12 Standard Event Reports Sag Swell Interruption Report and SER TARGET Command Use the TARGET command to view the state of relay control inputs relay outputs and relay elements individually during a test The TARGET command is ...

Page 510: ...relay input circuits or 2 Replace the ribbon cable press the front panel METER button and compare the relay readings to other accurate instruments in the relay input circuits Figure 13 1 Low Level Test Interface Delta Connected Voltages For SEL 351 Relays with delta connected voltages the following applies to the input module output J1 in Figure 13 1 1177 6 mV AT NOMINAL VOLTAGE 120 VLL A measurem...

Page 511: ...e Relay Word elements and the TAR command To view the 51PT element status from the serial port issue the TAR 51PT command The relay will display the state of all elements in the Relay Word row containing the 51PT element Review TAR command descriptions in Section 10 Serial Port Communications and Commands and Section 11 Front Panel Interface for further details on displaying element status via the...

Page 512: ...ARM output contact signals an alarm condition by going to its deenergized state If the ALARM output contact is a B contact normally closed it closes for an alarm condition or if the relay is deenergized If the ALARM output contact is an A contact normally open it opens for an alarm condition or if the relay is deenergized Alarm condition signaling can be a single 5 second pulse Pulsed or permanent...

Page 513: ...ds Failure 14 00 V 16 00 V Yes Latched TEMP Warning 40 C 85 C No Measures the temperature at the A D voltage reference every 10 seconds Failure 50 C 100 C Yes Latched RAM Failure Yes Latched Performs a read write test on system RAM every 60 seconds ROM Failure checksum Yes Latched Performs a checksum test on the relay program memory every 10 seconds A D Failure Yes Latched Validates proper number ...

Page 514: ...runs continuously Micro processor Failure Yes Latched The microprocessor examines each program instruction memory access and interrupt The relay displays VECTOR nn on the LCD upon detection of an invalid instruction memory access or spurious interrupt The test runs continuously RELAY TROUBLESHOOTING Inspection Procedure Complete the following procedure before disturbing the relay After you finish ...

Page 515: ...ver to adjust the potentiometer e Replace the relay front panel Relay Does Not Respond to Commands From Device Connected to Serial Port 1 Communications device not connected to relay 2 Relay or communications device at incorrect baud rate or other communication parameter incompatibility including cabling error 3 Relay serial port has received an XOFF halting communications Type CTRL Q to send rela...

Page 516: ...st in SEL products and we are committed to making sure you are satisfied If you have any questions please contact us at Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories 2350 NE Hopkins Court Pullman WA USA 99163 5603 Tel 509 332 1890 Fax 509 332 7990 We guarantee prompt courteous and professional service We appreciate receiving any comments and suggestions about new products or product improvements that would ...

Page 517: ... APPENDIX D CONFIGURATION FAST METER AND FAST OPERATE COMMANDS D 1 Introduction D 1 Message Lists D 1 Binary Message List D 1 ASCII Configuration Message List D 1 Message Definitions D 2 A5C0 Relay Definition Block D 2 A5C1 Fast Meter Configuration Block D 2 A5D1 Fast Meter Data Block D 5 A5C2 A5C3 Demand Peak Demand Fast Meter Configuration Messages D 7 A5D2 A5D3 Demand Peak Demand Fast Meter Mes...

Page 518: ...ement Applied at a Distribution Bus Guideline 5 F 6 Ground Coordination Concerns F 7 Other Negative Sequence Overcurrent Element References F 7 APPENDIX G SETTING SELOGIC CONTROL EQUATIONS G 1 Relay Word Bits G 1 Relay Word Bit Operation Example Phase Time Overcurrent Element 51PT G 1 Phase Time Overcurrent Element 51PT Pickup Indication G 1 Phase Time Overcurrent Element 51PT Time Out Indication ...

Page 519: ...H 9 Relay Summary Event Data H 13 Point Remapping H 13 Other Versions H 14 APPENDIX I MIRRORED BITS IN FIRMWARE VERSIONS 1 TO 4 I 1 Overview I 1 Operation I 1 Message Transmission I 1 Message Decoding and Integrity Checks I 1 Synchronization I 2 Loop Back Testing I 3 Channel Monitoring I 3 MIRRORED BITS Protocol for the Pulsar 9600 Baud Modem I 3 Settings I 4 TABLES Table G 1 SELOGIC Control Equat...

Page 520: ...ve Devices F 3 Figure F 3 Traditional Phase Coordination F 4 Figure F 4 Phase to Phase Fault Coordination F 5 Figure F 5 Negative Sequence Overcurrent Element Derived from Equivalent Phase Overcurrent Element 51EP F 6 Figure G 1 Result of Rising Edge Operators on Individual Elements in Setting ER G 6 Figure G 2 Result of Falling Edge Operator on a Deasserting Underfrequency Element G 7 Courtesy of...

Page 521: ...er in bold FID SEL 351 x Rxxx Vx Z001001 Dxxxxxxxx The firmware revision number is after the R and the release date is after the D The single x after SEL 351 is the firmware version number and will be a 1 2 3 or 4 depending on the firmware features ordered with the relay if the firmware version is a zero 0 then the x field will not appear x 0 Standard Features x 1 Standard Features plus MIRRORED B...

Page 522: ...d ID Message Response see Appendix D Lowered the minimum allowable setting for 27B81P undervoltage block for frequency elements in relays with wye connected voltages Delta connected voltage models only Expanded the setting range for SYNCP synchronizing phase setting to accomodate compensation angle settings Corrected Fast Meter configuration block to indicate that delta power calculations are requ...

Page 523: ...port protocol settings options for MIRRORED BITS protocol operating on communication channels requiring an eight bit data format Expanded the setting range for the SYNCP synchronizing phase setting to accommodate compensation angle settings for synchronism check Changed DNP mapping command so that it now requests a confirmation before saving the map modification Corrected Loss of Potential V1 unla...

Page 524: ... is available as a Relay Word bit 79RIS 52A 79CY DP2 52A BSYNCH 52A SEL 351 R204 VM SEL 351 R204 V0 SEL 351D R107 VM SEL 351D R107 V0 Model SEL 0351xT wye connected voltages Model SEL 0351x0 x1 xY wye connected voltages Model SEL 0351T delta connected voltages Model SEL 0351x0 x1 xY delta connected voltages SEL 351 R110 VM SEL 351 R110 V0 Firmware R110 for upgrades of old hardware Model SEL 0351xM...

Page 525: ...n rotating default display SEL 351 R202 VM SEL 351 R202 V0 SEL 351D R105 VM SEL 351D R105 V0 Model SEL 0351xT wye connected voltages Model SEL 0351x0 x1 xY wye connected voltages Model SEL 0351T delta connected voltages Model SEL 0351x0 x1 xY delta connected voltages Firmware R108 for upgrades of old hardware SEL 351 R108 VM SEL 351 R108 V0 Model SEL 0351xM wye connected voltages Model SEL 0351x0 ...

Page 526: ...ows Enhanced DNP support Added Load Profiling and MIRRORED BITS Added Power Elements The OPEN command is no longer embedded in the trip logic see the Note following Figure 5 2 or in the drive to lockout logic see the Note in the Lockout State discussion following Table 6 1 Execution of the OPEN command no longer prevents the COMM target LED from illuminating for a trip This provides additional opt...

Page 527: ...es Model SEL 0351M delta connected voltages Model SEL 035100 01 delta connected voltages This firmware differs from previous versions as follows Channel IN has an additional 0 05 A nominal ordering option This results in neutral ground overcurrent elements with a more sensitive pickup range for sensitive earth fault SEF applications SEL 351 R102 VM SEL 351 R102 V0 Model SEL 03510M wye connected vo...

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Page 529: ...CRC protocol e g CROSSTALK Microsoft Windows Terminal and HyperTerminal Procomm Plus Relay Gold and SmartCOM Serial communications cable SEL 234A or equivalent Disk containing firmware upgrade file UPGRADE PROCEDURE The instructions below assume you have a working knowledge of your personal computer terminal emulation software In particular you must be able to modify your serial communications par...

Page 530: ... The relay will send the SELBOOT prompt Note SELBOOT does not echo nonalphabetic characters as the first character of a line This may make it appear that the relay is not functioning properly when just the ENTER key is pressed on the connected PC even though everything is OK 7 Make a copy of the firmware currently in the relay This is recommended in case the new firmware download is unsuccessful T...

Page 531: ...entire process L_D ENTER L_D ENTER Disable relay to send or receive firmware Y N Y ENTER Y ENTER Are you sure Y N Y ENTER Y ENTER Relay Disabled SEN ENTER SEN ENTER Download completed successfully REC ENTER Caution This command erases the relay s firmware If you erase the firmware new firmware must be loaded into the relay before it can be put back into service Are you sure you wish to erase the e...

Page 532: ... if supplied f Enter Access Level 2 by issuing the ACC and 2AC commands the factory default passwords will be in effect OTTER for level 1 TAIL for level 2 g Restore the original settings as necessary with each of the following commands SET G SET 1 SET L 1 SET 2 SET L 2 SET 3 SET L 3 SET 4 SET L 4 SET 5 SET L 5 SET 6 SET L 6 SET P 1 SET P 2 SET P 3 SET P F SET R h Set the original relay passwords s...

Page 533: ...to see if the breaker wear data was retained through the upgrade procedure If it was not retained use the BRE W command to reload the values saved in Step 1 17 Apply current and voltage signals to the relay Issue the MET command verify that the current and voltage signals are correct Issue the Trigger TRI and Event EVE commands Verify that the current and voltage signals are correct in the event r...

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Page 535: ... Time in seconds that transmission is delayed after the request to send RTS line asserts This delay accommodates transmitters with a slow rise time OPERATION 1 The relay ignores all input from this port until it detects the prefix character and the two byte address 2 Upon receipt of the prefix and address the relay enables echo and message transmission 3 Wait until you receive a prompt before ente...

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Page 537: ...a streams to exploit this feature The binary commands and ASCII commands can also be accessed by a device that does not interleave the data streams SEL Application Guide AG95 10 Configuration and Fast Meter Messages is a comprehensive description of the SEL binary messages Below is a description of the messages provided in the SEL 351 Relay MESSAGE LISTS Binary Message List Request to Relay hex Re...

Page 538: ...sage 0004 Settings change bit A5C200000000 Demand Fast Meter configuration message 0004 Settings change bit A5C300000000 Peak Demand Fast Meter configuration message 0100 SEL protocol Fast Operate 0101 LMD protocol Fast Operate 0005 DNP V3 00 protocol No Fast Operate 0006 Mirrored Bits protocol No Fast Operate 00 Reserved checksum 1 byte checksum of preceding bytes A5C1 Fast Meter Configuration Bl...

Page 539: ...alog channel name VB or VBC for delta connected voltages 01 Analog channel type FF Scale factor type 0000 Scale factor offset in Fast Meter message 564300000000 Analog channel name VC or VCA for delta connected voltages 01 Analog channel type FF Scale factor type 0000 Scale factor offset in Fast Meter message 565300000000 Analog channel name VS 01 Analog channel type FF Scale factor type 0000 Scal...

Page 540: ...me IA 01 Analog channel type FF Scale factor type 0000 Scale factor offset in Fast Meter message 494200000000 Analog channel name IB 01 Analog channel type FF Scale factor type 0000 Scale factor offset in Fast Meter message 494300000000 Analog channel name IC 01 Analog channel type FF Scale factor type 0000 Scale factor offset in Fast Meter message 494E00000000 Analog channel name IN 01 Analog cha...

Page 541: ... ACB wye 02 ABC delta 03 ACB delta 00 Power Calculations 00 for wye connected 01 for delta connected voltages FFFF No Deskew angle FFFF No Rs compensation 1 FFFF No Xs compensation 1 00 IA channel index 01 IB channel index 02 IC channel index 04 VA channel index 05 VB channel index 06 VC channel index 00 Reserved checksum 1 byte checksum of all preceding bytes A5D1 Fast Meter Data Block In respons...

Page 542: ...1xY Firmware Version 0 send the following block Data Description A5D1 Command 90 Length 1 byte 1 Status Byte 80 bytes X and Y components of IA IB IC IN VA VB VC VS Freq and Vbatt in 4 byte IEEE FPS 8 bytes Time stamp 50 bytes 50 Digital banks TAR0 TAR49 1 byte Reserved checksum 1 byte checksum of all preceding bytes In response to the A5D1 request rela models 0351x0 0351x1 and 0351xY Firmware Vers...

Page 543: ...nalog channel name IB 02 Analog channel type FF Scale factor type 0000 Scale factor offset in Fast Meter message 494300000000 Analog channel name IC 02 Analog channel type FF Scale factor type 0000 Scale factor offset in Fast Meter message 494E00000000 Analog channel name IN 02 Analog channel type FF Scale factor type 0000 Scale factor offset in Fast Meter message 494700000000 Analog channel name ...

Page 544: ...0 Analog channel name Q3 02 Analog channel type FF Scale factor type 0000 Scale factor offset in Fast Meter message 50412D000000 Analog channel name PA 02 Analog channel type FF Scale factor type 0000 Scale factor offset in Fast Meter message 50422D000000 Analog channel name PB 02 Analog channel type FF Scale factor type 0000 Scale factor offset in Fast Meter message 50432D000000 Analog channel na...

Page 545: ...s A5B9 Fast Meter Status Acknowledge Message In response to the A5B9 request the relay clears the Fast Meter message A5D1 Status Byte The SEL 351 Status Byte contains one active bit STSET bit 4 The bit is set on power up and on settings changes If the STSET bit is set the external device should request the A5C1 A5C2 and A5C3 messages The external device can then determine if the scale factors or l...

Page 546: ...t remote bit RB8 47 Operate code pulse remote bit RB8 00 Reserved checksum 1 byte checksum of all preceding bytes A5E0 Fast Operate Remote Bit Control The external device sends the following message to perform a remote bit operation Data Description A5E0 Command 06 Length 1 byte Operate code 00 07 clear remote bit RB1 RB8 20 27 set remote bit RB1 RB8 40 47 pulse remote bit for RB1 RB8 for one proc...

Page 547: ...ia the SET command SV4PU 0 SV4 pickup time 0 SV4DO 30 SV4 dropout time is 30 cycles To pulse the contact send the A5E006430DDB command to the relay A5E3 Fast Operate Breaker Control The external device sends the following message to perform a fast breaker open close Data Description A5E3 Command 06 Length 1 byte Operate code 31 OPEN breaker 11 CLOSE breaker 1 byte Operate Validation 4 Operate code...

Page 548: ...ware Version 0 wye connected voltages is STX EN TRIP INST COMM SOTF 50 51 81 yyyy A B C G N RS CY LO yyyy 50A1 50B1 50C1 50A2 50B2 50C2 50A3 50B3 yyyy 50C3 50A4 50B4 50C4 50AB1 50BC1 50CA1 50AB2 yyyy 50BC2 50CA2 50AB3 50BC3 50CA3 50AB4 50BC4 50CA4 yyyy 50A 50B 50C 51A 51AT 51AR 51B 51BT yyyy 51BR 51C 51CT 51CR 51P 51PT 51PR 51N yyyy 51NT 51NR 51G 51GT 51GR 51Q 51QT 51QR yyyy 50P1 50P2 50P3 50P4 50...

Page 549: ...2 PTRX PTRX1 UBB1 UBB2 UBB Z3XT DSTRT yyyy NSTRT STOP BTX TRIP OC CC DCHI DCLO yyyy 67P2S 67N2S 67G2S 67Q2S PDEM NDEM GDEM QDEM yyyy yyyy yyyy yyyy yyyy ETX where STX is the STX character 02 ETX is the ETX character 03 the last field in each line yyyy is the 4 byte ASCII hex representation of the checksum for the line indicates an unused bit location Messages for other relay models may be derived ...

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Page 551: ...ata for an external computer to extract data from other compressed ASCII commands To obtain the configuration message for the compressed ASCII commands available in an SEL relay type CAS CR The relay sends STX CAS n yyyy CR COMMAND 1 ll yyyy CR H xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx yyyy CR D ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd yyyy CR COMMAND 2 ll yyyy CR h ddd ddd ddd yyyy CR D ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd yyyy CR COMMAND n ll yyyy CR H x...

Page 552: ...hex ASCII representation of the checksum A compressed ASCII command may require multiple header and data configuration lines If a compressed ASCII request is made for data that are not available e g the history buffer is empty or invalid event request the relay responds with the following message STX No Data Available 0668 CR ETX CASCII COMMAND SEL 351 Display the SEL 351 Relay compressed ASCII co...

Page 553: ... 22S I I I I I I YYYY CR 13H IA IB IC IN IG VA kV VB kV VC kV VS kV VDC FREQ TRIG Names of elements in the relay word rows 2 45 separated by spaces YYYY CR 240D I I I I I F F F F I F 2S 88S YYYY CR CEV R 1 YYYY CR 1H FID YYYY CR 1D 45S YYYY CR 7H MONTH DAY YEAR HOUR MIN SEC MSEC YYYY CR 1D I I I I I I I YYYY CR 14H FREQ SAM CYC_A SAM CYC_D NUM_OF_CYC EVENT LOCATION SHOT TARGETS IA IB IC IN IG 3I2 ...

Page 554: ... VA kV VB kV VC kV VS kV VDC FREQ TRIG Names of elements in the relay word rows 2 49 separated by spaces YYYY CR 60D I I I I I F F F F I F 2S 96S YYYY CR CEV C 1 YYYY CR 1H FID YYYY CR 1D 45S YYYY CR 7H MONTH DAY YEAR HOUR MIN SEC MSEC YYYY CR 1D I I I I I I I YYYY CR 14H FREQ SAM CYC_A SAM CYC_D NUM_OF_CYC EVENT LOCATION SHOT TARGETS IA IB IC IN IG 3I2 YYYY CR 1D F I I I 6S F I 22S I I I I I I YY...

Page 555: ...A1 CR 1H FID 022C CR 1D 45S 0211 CR 15H REC_NUM MONTH DAY YEAR HOUR MIN SEC MSEC EVENT LOCATION CURR FREQ GROUP SHOT TARGETS 1CBB CR 30D I I I I I I I I 6S F I F I I 22S 0C96 CR CEV 1 01AB CR 1H FID 022C CR 1D 45S 0211 CR 7H MONTH DAY YEAR HOUR MIN SEC MSEC 0BB9 1D I I I I I I I 05F4 CR 14H FREQ SAM CYC_A SAM CYC_D NUM_OF_CYC EVENT LOCATION SHOT TARGETS IA IB IC IN IG 3I2 1B57 CR 1D F I I I 6S F I...

Page 556: ...and for definition of the Names of elements in the relay word Rows 2 49 separated by spaces field Relay models 0351x0 0351x1 and 0351xY Firmware Versions 1 and greater wye connected voltages send STX CAS 5 01A8 CR CST 1 01B7 CR 1H FID 022C CR 1D 45S 0211 CR 7H MONTH DAY YEAR HOUR MIN SEC MSEC 0BB9 CR 1D I I I I I I I 05F4 CR 23H IA IB IC IN VA VB VC VS MOF 5V_PS 5V_REG 5V_REG 12V_PS 12V_PS 15V_PS ...

Page 557: ...IG Names of elements in the relay word rows 2 53 separated by spaces YYYY CR 240D I I I I I F F F F I F 2S 104S 0B7B CR CEV R 1 021D CR 1H FID 022C CR 1D 45S 0211 CR 7H MONTH DAY YEAR HOUR MIN SEC MSEC 0BB9 CR 1D I I I I I I I 05F4 CR 14H FREQ SAM CYC_A SAM CYC_D NUM_OF_CYC EVENT LOCATION SHOT TARGETS IA IB IC IN IG 3I2 1B57 1D F I I I 6S F I 22S I I I I I I 0BAB CR 13H IA IB IC IN IG VA kV VB kV ...

Page 558: ... Relay FID string yyyy CR MONTH DAY YEAR HOUR MIN SEC MSEC yyyy CR xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx yyyy CR IA IB IC IN VA VB VC VS MOF 5V_PS 5V_REG 5V_REG 12V_PS 12V_PS 15V_PS 15V_PS TEMP RAM ROM A D CR_RAM EEPROM IO_BRD yyyy CR xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx yyyy CR ETX where xxxx are the data values correspond...

Page 559: ...parameter C specifies 16 samples per cycle unless overridden by the Sx parameter 15 cycle length unless overridden by the Ly parameter The relay responds to the CEV command with the nth event report as shown below Items in italics will be replaced with the actual relay data wye connected voltages shown STX FID yyyy CR Relay FID string yyyy CR MONTH DAY YEAR HOUR MIN SEC MSEC yyyy CR xxxx xxxx xxxx...

Page 560: ...50B1 50C1 50A2 50B2 50C2 50A3 50B3 50C3 50A4 50B4 50C4 50AB1 50BC1 50CA1 50AB2 50BC2 50CA2 50AB3 50BC3 50CA3 50AB4 50BC4 50CA4 50A 50B 50C 51A 51AT 51AR 51B 51BT 51BR 51C 51CT 51CR 51P 51PT 51PR 51N 51NT 51NR 51G 51GT 51GR 51Q 51QT 51QR 50P1 50P2 50P3 50P4 50N1 50N2 50N3 50N4 67P1 67P2 67P3 67P4 67N1 67N2 67N3 67N4 67P1T 67P2T 67P3T 67P4T 67N1T 67N2T 67N3T 67N4T 50G1 50G2 50G3 50G4 50Q1 50Q2 50Q3 ...

Page 561: ...0100000000000000240C0080000000000 00000000000 Each bit in the HEX ASCII Relay Word reflects the status of a Relay Word bit The order of the labels in the Names of elements in the relay word separated by spaces field matches the order of the HEX ASCII Relay Word In the example above the first two bytes in the HEX ASCII Relay Word are 10 In binary this evaluates to 00010000 Mapping the labels to the...

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Page 563: ...t elements 50Q5 and 50Q6 do not have associated timers compare Figure 3 13 to Figure 3 12 If 50Q5 or 50Q6 need to be used for tripping run them though SELOGIC Control Equation variable timers see Figures 7 25 and 7 26 and use the outputs of the timers for tripping Continue reading in Coordinating Negative Sequence Overcurrent Elements in this appendix for guidelines on coordinating negative sequen...

Page 564: ...ment 51QT Continue reading in Coordinating Negative Sequence Overcurrent Elements in this appendix for guidelines on coordinating negative sequence time overcurrent elements and a following coordination example COORDINATING NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERCURRENT ELEMENTS The following coordination guidelines and example assume that the negative sequence overcurrent elements operate on 3I2 magnitude negativ...

Page 565: ...ld be performed Load considerations can be disregarded when deriving the equivalent phase overcurrent element settings 4 Multiply the equivalent phase overcurrent element pickup setting by 3 to convert it to the negative sequence overcurrent element pickup setting in terms of 3I2 current Negative sequence overcurrent element pickup 3 equivalent phase overcurrent element pickup Any time dial lever ...

Page 566: ... Figure F 3 shows traditional phase overcurrent element coordination between the feeder relay and line recloser phase overcurrent elements Phase overcurrent elements must accommodate load and cold load pickup current The 450 A maximum feeder load current limits the sensitivity of the feeder phase overcurrent element 51F to a pickup of 600 A The feeder relay cannot back up the line recloser for pha...

Page 567: ...e 51EP element speed of operation for phase to phase faults below about 2000 A is faster than that for the 51F element Convert Equivalent Phase Overcurrent Element Settings to Negative Sequence Overcurrent Element Settings Guideline 4 The equivalent phase overcurrent element 51EP element in Figure F 4 converts to true negative sequence overcurrent element settings 51QF in Figure F 5 by applying th...

Page 568: ...rovides an even more dramatic improvement in phase to phase fault sensitivity The distribution bus phase overcurrent element pickup must be set above the combined load of all the feeders on the bus plus any emergency load conditions The bus phase overcurrent element pickup is often set at least four times greater than the pickup of the feeder phase overcurrent element it backs up Thus sensitivity ...

Page 569: ...O Schweitzer M W Feltis Negative Sequence Overcurrent Element Application and Coordination in Distribution Protection IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Volume 8 Number 3 July 1993 pp 915 924 This IEEE paper is the source of the coordination guidelines and example given in this appendix The paper also contains analyses of system unbalances and faults and the negative sequence current generated by...

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Page 571: ...opped out or otherwise deasserted A complete listing of Relay Word bits and their descriptions are referenced in Table 9 3 in Section 9 Setting the Relay Relay Word Bit Operation Example Phase Time Overcurrent Element 51PT As an example of protection element operation via the logic output of Relay Word bits a phase time overcurrent element is examined Refer to phase time overcurrent element 51PT i...

Page 572: ...se time overcurrent element 51PT is not fully reset the element is either Timing on its curve Already timed out Is timing to reset one cycle reset or electromechanical emulation see setting 51PRS Relay Word Bit Application Examples Phase Time Overcurrent Element 51PT Common uses for Relay Word bits 51P 51PT and 51PR 51P testing e g assign to an output contact for pickup testing trip unlatch logic ...

Page 573: ... bits to accomplish such functions as tripping circuit breakers assigning functions to optoisolated inputs operating output contacts torque controlling overcurrent elements switching active setting groups enabling disabling reclosing Traditional or advanced custom schemes can be created with SELOGIC Control Equations SELOGIC Control Equation Operators SELOGIC Control Equation settings use logic si...

Page 574: ...ontrol Equation circuit breaker status setting is labeled 52A See Optoisolated Inputs in Section 7 Inputs Outputs Timers and Other Control Logic and Close Logic in Section 6 Close and Reclose Logic for more information on SELOGIC Control Equation circuit breaker status setting 52A When a circuit breaker is closed the 52a circuit breaker auxiliary contact is closed When a circuit breaker is open th...

Page 575: ...ion Relay Word bits deassert ULTR 51P 51G NOT 51P 51G As stated previously the logic within the parentheses is performed first In this example the states of Relay Word bits 51P and 51G are ORed together Then the NOT operator is applied to the logic resultant from the parentheses If either one of 51P or 51G is still asserted e g 51G 1 logical 1 the unlatch condition is not true ULTR NOT 51P 51G NOT...

Page 576: ...llow setting ER to see each transition individually Suppose a ground fault occurs and a breaker failure condition finally results Figure G 1 demonstrates the action of the rising edge operator on the individual elements in setting ER Figure G 1 Result of Rising Edge Operators on Individual Elements in Setting ER Note in Figure G 1 that setting ER sees three separate rising edges due to the applica...

Page 577: ...level 81D1P Relay Word bit 81D1T deasserts and an event report is generated if the relay is not already generating a report that encompasses the new transition This allows a recovery from an underfrequency condition to be observed See Figure 3 30 and Table 3 11 in Section 3 Overcurrent Voltage Synchronism Check Frequency and Power Elements Figure G 2 demonstrates the action of the falling edge ope...

Page 578: ... a trip if the reclosing relay shot counter is at shot 0 When the reclosing relay shot counter is at shot 0 see Table 6 3 Relay Word bit SH0 is in the following state SH0 1 logical 1 If maximum phase current is above the phase instantaneous overcurrent element pickup setting 50P1P see Figure 3 1 Relay Word bit 50P1 is in the following state 50P1 1 logical 1 With SH0 1 and 50P1 1 the ANDed combinat...

Page 579: ...ers and Other Control Logic OUT1 TRIP All SELOGIC Control Equations Must Be Set All SELOGIC Control Equations must be set one of the following ways they cannot be blank single Relay Word bit e g 52A IN1 combination of Relay Word bits e g TR 51PT 51GT 50P1 SH0 directly to logical 1 e g 67P1TC 1 directly to logical 0 e g TRCOMM 0 Set SELOGIC Control Equations Directly to 1 or 0 SELOGIC Control Equat...

Page 580: ...32 N and 51PTC 1 then time overcurrent element 51PT is enabled assuming pickup setting 51PP is made and nondirectional SELOGIC Control Equation Limitations Any single SELOGIC Control Equation setting is limited to 15 Relay Word bits that can be combined together with the SELOGIC Control Equation operators listed in Table G 1 If this limit must be exceeded use a SELOGIC Control Equation variable SE...

Page 581: ...nges have been made and the settings are saved the SEL 351 responds with the following message xxx Elements and yy Edges remain available indicating that xxx Relay Word bits can still be used and yy rising or falling edge operators can still be applied in the SELOGIC Control Equations for the particular settings group PROCESSING ORDER AND PROCESSING INTERVAL The relay elements and logic and corres...

Page 582: ... 50CA1 50CA4 50QF 50QR 50GF 50GR 50L Section 3 Demand Ammeters PDEM NDEM GDEM QDEM Section 8 Open Breaker Logic 52A 3PO Section 5 Loss of Potential LOP ILOP Section 4 Fault Identification Logic FSA FSB FSC Section 5 Load Encroachment ZLOUT ZLIN ZLOAD Section 4 Local Control Switches LB1 LB8 Section 7 Remote Control Switches RB1 RB8 Section 7 Latch Control Switches SET1 SET8 RST1 RST8 LT1 LT8 Secti...

Page 583: ... 51NT 51GT 51QT 51PR 51AR 51BR 51CR 51NR 51GR 51QR Section 3 Switch onto Fault Logic CLMON SOTFE Section 5 Communications Assisted Trip Schemes PT1 LOG1 PT2 LOG2 BT PT PTRX1 PTRX2 PTRX UBB1 UBB2 UBB Z3RB KEY EKEY ECTT WFC Z3XT DSTRT NSTRT STOP BTX Section 5 Trip Logic TR TRSOTF TRCOMM DTT ULTR TRIP Section 5 Close Logic CL ULCL Reclosing Relay 79RI 79RIS 79DTL 79DLS 79SKP 79STL 79BRS 79SEQ 79CLS C...

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Page 585: ...te time out 0 30 sec 1 0 DRETRY Data link retries 0 15 3 DTIMEO Data link time out 0 5 sec 1 MINDLY Minimum time from DCD to Tx 0 1 sec 0 05 MAXDLY Maximum time from DCD to Tx 0 1 sec 0 10 PREDLY Settle time from RTS on to Tx OFF 0 30 sec 0 PSTDLY Settle time after Tx to RTS off 0 30 sec 0 ANADB Analog reporting deadband 0 32767 counts 100 UNSOL Enable Unsolicited reporting Y N N PUNSOL Enable Uns...

Page 586: ...noisier the communications channel the more likely a message will be corrupted Thus the number of retries should be set higher on noisy channels Set the data link time out long enough to allow for the worst case response of the master plus transmission time When the SEL 351 decides to transmit on the DNP link it has to wait if the physical connection is in use The SEL 351 monitors physical connect...

Page 587: ...0 Subset Definitions document DNP V3 00 DEVICE PROFILE DOCUMENT This document must be accompanied by a table having the following headings Object Group Request Function Codes Response Function Codes Object Variation Request Qualifiers Response Qualifiers Object Name optional Vendor Name Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories Inc Device Name SEL 351 Highest DNP Level Supported For Requests Level 2 For...

Page 588: ...ed at Variable Configurable Others Attach explanation if Variable or Configurable was checked for any timeout Sends Executes Control Operations WRITE Binary Outputs Never þ Always Sometimes Configurable SELECT OPERATE Never þ Always Sometimes Configurable DIRECT OPERATE Never þ Always Sometimes Configurable DIRECT OPERATE NO ACK Never þ Always Sometimes Configurable Count 1 þ Never Always Sometime...

Page 589: ...s Never þ Configurable attach explanation Only certain objects Sometimes attach explanation þ ENABLE DISABLE UNSOLICITED Function codes supported Sends Static Data in Unsolicited Responses þ Never When Device Restarts When Status Flags Change No other options are permitted Default Counter Object Variation No Counters Reported Configurable attach explanation þ Default object 20 Default variation 6 ...

Page 590: ... 6 7 8 129 17 28 10 0 Binary Output All Variations 1 0 1 6 7 8 10 1 Binary Output 10 2 Binary Output Status 1 0 1 6 7 8 129 0 1 12 0 Control Block All Variations 12 1 Control Relay Output Block 3 4 5 6 17 28 129 echo of request 12 2 Pattern Control Block 12 3 Pattern Mask 20 0 Binary Counter All Variations 1 0 1 6 7 8 20 1 32 Bit Binary Counter 20 2 16 Bit Binary Counter 20 3 32 Bit Delta Counter ...

Page 591: ... 7 32 Bit Delta Counter Change Event with Time 22 8 16 Bit Delta Counter Change Event with Time 23 0 Frozen Counter Event All Variations 23 1 32 Bit Frozen Counter Event without Time 23 2 16 Bit Frozen Counter Event without Time 23 3 32 Bit Frozen Delta Counter Event without Time 23 4 16 Bit Frozen Delta Counter Event without Time 23 5 32 Bit Frozen Counter Event with Time 23 6 16 Bit Frozen Count...

Page 592: ...log Output Status All Variations 1 0 1 6 7 8 40 1 32 Bit Analog Output Status 1 0 1 6 7 8 129 0 1 7 8 40 2 16 Bit Analog Output Status 1 0 1 6 7 8 129 0 1 7 8 41 0 Analog Output Block All Variations 41 1 32 Bit Analog Output Block 3 4 5 6 17 28 129 echo of request 41 2 16 Bit Analog Output Block 3 4 5 6 17 28 129 echo of request 50 0 Time and Date All Variations 50 1 Time and Date 1 2 7 8 index 0 ...

Page 593: ...ata map The following is the default object map supported by the SEL 351 Connectorized wye connected PTs see Table 1 1 Table 9 3 and Appendix A Table H 3 SEL 351 Wye DNP Data Map DNP Object Type Index Description 01 02 000 499 Relay Word where 50B3 is 0 and 67P2S is 319 01 02 500 999 Relay Word from the SER encoded same as inputs 000 499 with 500 added 01 02 1000 1015 Relay front panel targets whe...

Page 594: ...agnitude and angle 30 32 04 05 IC magnitude and angle 30 32 06 07 IN magnitude and angle 30 32 08 09 VA magnitude kV and angle 30 32 10 11 VB magnitude kV and angle 30 32 12 13 VC magnitude kV and angle 30 32 14 15 VS magnitude kV and angle 30 32 16 17 IG magnitude and angle 30 32 18 19 I1 magnitude and angle 30 32 20 21 3I2 magnitude and angle 30 32 22 23 3V0 magnitude kV and angle 30 32 24 25 V1...

Page 595: ...ble for definition 30 106 Fault location 30 107 Fault current 30 108 Fault frequency 30 109 Fault settings group 30 110 Fault recloser shot counter 30 111 113 Fault time in DNP format high middle and low 16 bits 40 41 00 Active settings group Binary inputs objects 1 and 2 are supported as defined by the previous table Binary inputs 0 499 and 1000 1023 are scanned approximately once per second to g...

Page 596: ...given by the ANADB setting The dead band check is done after any scaling is applied The angles the odd numbered points in 0 27 will only generate an event if in addition to their dead band check the corresponding magnitude the preceding point contains a value greater than the value given by the ANADB setting Analog inputs are scanned at approximately a 1 second rate except for analogs 105 113 Duri...

Page 597: ...re is unread relay event summary data fault data binary input point 1023 will be set In order to load the next available relay event summary the master should pulse binary output point 15 This will cause the event summary analogs points 105 113 to be loaded with information from next oldest relay event summary Since the summary data is stored in a first in first out manner loading the next event w...

Page 598: ... Each line of input is constrained to 80 characters but all the points may be re mapped using multiple lines with continuation characters at the end of the intermediate lines If a single blank line is entered as the first line the re mapping is disabled for that type i e the relay uses the default analog or binary map For example the first example remap could be produced with the following command...

Page 599: ...ts RB1 RB8 10 12 08 Pulse Open command OC 10 12 09 Pulse Close command CC 10 12 10 Reset demands 10 12 11 Reset demand peaks 10 12 12 Reset energies 10 12 13 Reset breaker monitor 10 12 14 Reset front panel targets 10 12 15 Read next relay event 10 12 16 19 Remote bit pairs RB1 RB8 10 12 20 Open Close pair OC CC 20 22 00 Active settings group 20 22 01 Internal breaker trips 20 22 02 External break...

Page 600: ... MVAR out 30 32 45 50 Peak demand IA IB IC IN IG and 3I2 magnitudes 30 32 51 Peak 3 phase demand MW in 30 32 52 Peak 3 phase demand MVAR in 30 32 53 Peak 3 phase demand MW out 30 32 54 Peak 3 phase demand MVAR out 30 32 55 57 Breaker contact wear percentage A B C 30 58 Fault type see table for definition 30 59 Fault location 30 60 Fault current 30 61 Fault frequency 30 62 Fault settings group 30 6...

Page 601: ... data link retries 0 for no confirm 1 15 DRETRY Data Link Time out interval seconds 0 5 DTIMEO Minimum Delay from DCD to transmission seconds 0 00 1 00 MINDLY Maximum Delay from DCD to transmission seconds 0 00 1 00 MAXDLY Transmission delay from RTS assertion seconds OFF 0 00 30 00 PREDLY Post transmit RTS deassertion delay seconds 0 00 30 00 PSTDLY Analog reporting deedband counts 0 32767 ANADB ...

Page 602: ...Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 603: ...ble as inputs to any SELOGIC Control Equations Further channel status information is available via the COM command Important Do not connect an unconfigured port to a MIRRORED BITS device Otherwise the relay will appear to be locked up Configure the port first then connect the device OPERATION Message Transmission All messages are transmitted without idle bits between characters Idle bits are allow...

Page 604: ...counts will delay a bit by about 1 2 power system cycle Things get a little more complicated when two relays of different processing rates are connected via MIRRORED BITS For instance a SEL 321 talking to a SEL 351 The SEL 321 processes power system information each 1 8 power system cycle but processes the pickup dropout security counters as messages are received Since the SEL 321 is receiving mes...

Page 605: ...in at least the following fields Dropout Time Date Pickup Time Date Time elapsed during dropout Reason for dropout See Message Decoding and Integrity Checks Use the COMM command to generate a long or summary report of the communications errors There is only a single record for each outage but an outage can evolve For example the initial cause could be a data disagreement but the outage can be perp...

Page 606: ...BB use a 7 data bit format for data encoding The MB8 protocols MB8A and MB8B use an 8 data bit format which allows MIRRORED BITS to operate on communication channels requiring an 8 data bit format For the remainder of this section PROTO MBA is assumed baud rate 300 38400 SPEED 9600 Use the SPEED setting to control the rate at which the MIRRORED BITS messages are transmitted in power system cycles ...

Page 607: ... Y Relay Y transmits to Relay Z and Relay Z transmits to Relay X TX_ID RX_ID Relay X 1 3 Relay Y 2 1 Relay Z 3 2 Mirrored Bits receive default state string of 1s 0s or Xs 87654321 RXDFLT 00000X11 Use the RXDFLT setting to determine the default state the MIRRORED BITS should use in place of received data if an error condition is detected The setting is a mask of 1s 0s and or Xs for RMB1A RMB8A wher...

Page 608: ...red Bits RMB_ Debounce PU msgs 1 8 RMB8PU 1 Mirrored Bits RMB_ Debounce DO msgs 1 8 RMB8DO 1 Supervise the transfer of received data or default data to RMB1A RMB8A with the MIRRORED BITS pickup and dropout security counters Set the pickup and dropout counters individually for each bit Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 609: ...D BITS RMB_Pickup Debounce msgs 1 8 RMB2PU MIRRORED BITS RMB_Dropout Debounce msgs 1 8 RMB2DO MIRRORED BITS RMB_Pickup Debounce msgs 1 8 RMB3PU MIRRORED BITS RMB_Dropout Debounce msgs 1 8 RMB3DO MIRRORED BITS RMB_Pickup Debounce msgs 1 8 RMB4PU MIRRORED BITS RMB_Dropout Debounce msgs 1 8 RMB4DO MIRRORED BITS RMB_Pickup Debounce msgs 1 8 RMB5PU MIRRORED BITS RMB_Dropout Debounce msgs 1 8 RMB5DO MIR...

Page 610: ...Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear com ...

Page 611: ...report for MIRRORED BITS channel p using failure records m through n m 1 512 COM1 p d1 Show COM report for MIRRORED BITS channel p using failures recorded on date d1 see DAT command for date format COM1 p d1 d2 Show COM report for MIRRORED BITS channel p using failures recorded between dates d1 and d2 inclusive COM1 L For all COM commands L causes the specified COM report records to be listed afte...

Page 612: ...col LMD connection SER Show entire Sequential Events Recorder SER report SER n Show latest n rows in the SER report n 1 512 where 1 is the most recent entry SER m n Show rows m through n in the SER report m 1 512 SER d1 Show all rows in the SER report recorded on the specified date see DAT command for date format SER d1 d2 Show all rows in the SER report recorded between dates d1 and d2 inclusive ...

Page 613: ...er n k 1 30 seconds if not specified default is 1 Access Level 2 Commands The Access Level 2 commands allow unlimited access to relay settings parameters and output contacts All Access Level 1 and Access Level B commands are available from Access Level 2 The screen prompt is CON n Control Relay Word bit RBn Remote Bit n n 1 8 Execute CON n and the relay responds CONTROL RBn Then reply with one of ...

Page 614: ...TERSE disables the automatic SHO command after settings entry STA C Resets self test warnings failures and reboots the relay VER Show relay configuration and firmware version Key Stroke Commands Ctrl Q Send XON command to restart communications port output previously halted by XOFF Ctrl S Send XOFF command to pause communications port output Ctrl X Send CANCEL command to abort current command and ...

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