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network topology to stabilize after a topology change. In addition, STP specifies a series of states a port must transition through to
further ensure that a stable network topology is created after a topology change.
Each port on a switch using STP exists is in one of the following five states:
Blocking
– the port is blocked from forwarding or receiving packets
Listening
– the port is waiting to receive BPDU packets that may tell the port to go back to the blocking state
Learning
– the port is adding addresses to its forwarding database, but not yet forwarding packets
Forwarding
– the port is forwarding packets
Disabled
– the port only responds to network management messages and must return to the blocking state first
A port transitions from one state to another as follows:
From initialization (switch boot) to blocking
From blocking to listening or to disabled
From listening to learning or to disabled
From learning to forwarding or to disabled
From forwarding to disabled
From disabled to blocking
Figure 4-7-1
STP Port State Transitions
You can modify each port state by using management software. When you enable STP, every port on every switch in the network
goes through the blocking state and then transitions through the states of listening and learning at power up. If properly configured,
each port stabilizes to the forwarding or blocking state. No packets (except BPDUs) are forwarded from, or received by, STP
enabled ports until the forwarding state is enabled for that port.
Summary of Contents for GE-DSSG-244
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