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Echometer Company 

 Model – H Manual 

Phone:  (940) 767-4334 

5001 Ditto Lane 

Page 33 

Fax: (940) 723-7507 

Wichita Falls, Texas  76302, U.S.A. 

 

E-Mail: 

[email protected]

 

Automatic Collar and Liquid Level Analysis 

 

 

 
The  user  may  accept  the  current  calculations  or  has  the  option  of  making  adjustments  and  modifications  as 
follows: 
 

Continue:

 Accepts the analysis and offers the option to save the record 

Toggle Filters: 

This option toggles ON and OFF a low pass filter to the acoustic data display. The filtered data 

appears in the Liquid Marker window as a green trace.  

Adjust Collars:

 this option opens a screen that allows the user to modify the collar count. 

Adjust Liquid Level:

 this option opens a screen that allows the user to relocate the liquid level marker. 

Analysis Options:

 this presents the user with a list of alternative liquid level depth calculation methods. 

 
Each of these tools are discussed in the following sections. 
 

Unfiltered/Raw Data 

Filtered Data 

Summary of Contents for Model-H

Page 1: ...hometer Company to notify any person or any organization of such revision In no event shall Echometer Company be liable for any loss of profit or any commercial damage including but not limited to special consequential or other damages Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Echometer Company The software described in this...

Page 2: ...are Well and Gas Gun for Explosion Shot 20 Prepare Well and Gas Gun for Implosion Shot 21 Background Noise Display 21 Waiting for Shot to be fired 22 Acquiring Data Screen 23 Automatic Fluid Level Analysis 24 Manual Adjustments 24 Data Set Disposition 25 Repeat Acquisition 25 Set Up Menu 27 Date and Time 27 Sleep Minutes before Power Off 27 Operating Mode 28 Named Well 28 Quick Shot 28 Default Joi...

Page 3: ...nd Interpretation of Signals 65 Depth Calculation 66 Recommendations for Optimum Performance 67 Acoustic Record Interpretation 68 Calculation of Bottomhole Pressures 68 Fluid Level Acquisition in Problem Wells 69 Battery Power Information 70 Important Notes and Instructions for Rechargeable Batteries 70 Steps to Reset Model H Battery to Begin Taking a Charge 71 Steps to Reset anc Charge a Critical...

Page 4: ... area where explosive mixtures of gases may be present Operation in Hazardous Environments The Echometer Model H is approved for operation in hazardous environments that are classified as Class I Division 1 Groups C D T4 and when installed and used in accordance with the instructions X57H found on the following page Note To maintain Intrinsically Safe certification the unit must be charged in a sa...

Page 5: ...Echometer Company Model H Manual Phone 940 767 4334 5001 Ditto Lane Page 5 Fax 940 723 7507 Wichita Falls Texas 76302 U S A E Mail info echometer com Instructions X57h ...

Page 6: ...invited to attend free of charge A list of the schools which are taught throughout the United States and Canada will be sent upon request or can be viewed at http www echometer com Additional Information Please contact Echometer Company to obtain additional information or to clarify any questions that you may have in regard to the use of this instrument The street and mailing address phone number ...

Page 7: ...onverter memory chip amplifiers clock timing circuit and other electronic components to improve the performance and utility of the instrument When an acoustic pulse is generated in the well the signals reflected from the collars at the top of the well are large but rapidly attenuate The microprocessor is used in conjunction with a real time clock The timing capabilities of the microprocessor clock...

Page 8: ...below the LCD are used to execute the actions described in the labels at the bottom of the screen Power Button Momentarily pressing the power button energizes the instrument fully and initiates the booting of the software The microprocessor performs a system test and displays the battery charge status The instrument can be turned off manually by pressing the power button A 5 button Star Group The ...

Page 9: ... wellhead using a good coaxial cable with clean connectors USB Connector left side This input output connector is used to transfer well information records acquired shot data records and analysis results between the Model H and an external computer running the Model H Laptop Manager Software Battery Charger Connector right side Connection to a battery charger should be made only when the instrumen...

Page 10: ...t the pin hole reset button can be accessed with a paper clip Depressing the pin hole button will cut the power from the battery to the instrument causing a hard reset of the battery Pressing the power button will restore power to the unit and initiates booting of the software Caution should be used when utilizing the hard reset It is recommended that the pin hole reset button is only pressed when...

Page 11: ...e Rarefaction implosion technique may be used whenever the casing pressure is sufficient to obtain a good record Compression Explosion Mode Expansion of gas from the Echometer gas gun is used to generate a pressure pulse The pressure pulse is positive since the gas chamber is charged to a pressure that exceeds the well pressure by at least 100 psi Securely attach the Echometer Gas Gun to the Casin...

Page 12: ...e precision pressure gauge Record Time and Well Pressure Bleed the gas chamber pressure through the Filler Bleeder Chamber Valve by rotating the knob clockwise until the gas gun pressure has decreased to approximately 200 psi below the well pressure reading Use greater or less differential pressure depending on the background noise level Connect the coaxial cable from the microphone to the INPUT o...

Page 13: ... to select the desired well from the list 7 Press the Acquire Shot button on the instrument panel after the well has been selected from the list either pressing the button below the Select Well label or the Enter button of the 5 button Star Keys 8 Select the method of acquisition Implosion or Explosion and review the check list displayed for connection and preparation of the hardware to perform th...

Page 14: ...cquisition of Acoustic Records Following are illustrated the steps normally followed when acquiring fluid level acoustic record 1 Power up instrument by pressing the ON OFF button on the instrument panel The following Self Test Screen is displayed for about 45 seconds The following Title screen is displayed after powering up the instrument Title Screen ...

Page 15: ...urn from green to yellow when charging is required immediately Regular charging increases battery life 2 Press the soft key corresponding to Continue to display the following screen Selecting the Read Conditions options opens the following screens Selecting the Accept option proceeds to the Main Menu screen Conditions of Operation If the user Declines to accept the conditions the program shuts OFF...

Page 16: ...xas 76302 U S A E Mail info echometer com When the user Accepts the Conditions the Main Menu is displayed as shown in the following figure Main Menu The Main Menu Help Screen gives general instructions for user input and control as well as information regarding the software version and instrument serial number ...

Page 17: ...ected to the acquisition screen without having to select a well from the data base The acquired record is then added to the previously acquired data sets in the Quick Shot group as a record labeled with date and time of acquisition but no direct reference to the specific well that was tested The intent of the quick shot mode of acquisition is to obtain the fluid level data in a minimum of time for...

Page 18: ...ghlighted If the Selected Group column title is not displayed with a list of Groups displayed below it use the left arrow key to highlight the Selected Group column Well and Group Selection 4 Use the Star Keys Up and Down buttons to select the group that contains the information for the well being tested In the above figure the Examples group has been selected If the desired Group is not in the li...

Page 19: ...Collars 6 Use the Star Keys Up and Down arrows to select the desired well from the list If the well to be tested is not in the list pressing the button under the Add New Well label will display the screens that allow adding new wells to the list as described later in this manual Acoustic Record Acquisition 7 Press the Acquire Shot button on the instrument panel after the well in question has been ...

Page 20: ...S A E Mail info echometer com The Select Test screen is displayed so that the user may select the type of pulse Implosion or Explosion 8a Pressing the button below Explosion label displays the check list for connection and preparation of the hardware to perform the acoustic test Prepare Well and Gas Gun for Explosion Shot ...

Page 21: ...xas 76302 U S A E Mail info echometer com 8b Pressing the button below Implosion label displays the check list for connection and preparation of the hardware to perform the acoustic test Prepare Well and Gas Gun for Implosion Shot 9 When ready press the button under the Continue label Background Noise Display ...

Page 22: ...sure if necessary Waiting for Shot to be Fired The display indicates that the software is monitoring the microphone signal and is ready to detect the shot when it is fired Shot detection occurs when the microphone voltage exceeds the preset threshold voltage The user has 10 minutes to generate the acoustic pulse by actuating the gas gun trigger or control valve When the allotted time expires the s...

Page 23: ...nerate the pulse Upon detection of the shot the following screen is displayed Acquiring Data Screen 12 Press the button under the Stop label to terminate acquisition after observing the liquid level response and a repeat if desired Following the Stop command or the expiration of the 30 second maximum recording interval the program will process the acoustic data and display the following screen ...

Page 24: ...ashed line labeled C This filtered shot data is displayed in the Liquid Marker window as a green shot trace The Unfiltered Raw shot trace is displayed as the brighter yellow The user should verify that the software has correctly identified the echo from the liquid level and that the collar count marker is located near the liquid level echo for maximum accuracy If the user determines that the autom...

Page 25: ... label will store in the memory of the instrument the current analysis and interpretation of the acoustic data then the Test Well screen will be displayed Pressing the button below the Discard label will delete the acquired data and display the Test Well Menu screen Pressing the button below the Help label will display the following Acquired Data Set Disposition HELP screen reviewing the above inf...

Page 26: ...r com Repeat Acquisition The user has the option of repeating the acquisition of acoustic data at the same well by pressing the button below the Retest Same Well label Other options are Go to Main Menu Prepare instrument to Test Another Well Turn OFF the instrument Those are activated by pressing the corresponding buttons on the instrument panel ...

Page 27: ...lays Page 1 of the Set Up screen with the factory settings for the software Date and Time The instrument s real time clock should be set to the correct values This is important since the acquired data files are stored in the database using a date time stamp Idle Minutes Before Sleep Number of minutes set to 10 of inactivity before the instrument automatically dims the screen and shuts down unneces...

Page 28: ... Shot mode Default Acoustic Velocity ft sec 1127 is the average acoustic velocity that the software uses when the value for a specific well has not been updated by the user Enabled Shot Type defines the most commonly used pulse generation method Both Enabled Both explosion and Implosion may be selected by user at time of acquisition Implosion Only Acquisition screen will display Implosion procedur...

Page 29: ...trument will use to detect when a shot is fired Setting the threshold too high or too low may inhibit the Model H from hearing the shot fired or may increase the sensitivity to a level that would not allow it to discern a fired shot from low level noise in the well A Noise based Threshold N will automatically adjust the instrument sensitivity to respond to a noise introduced to the well that is ap...

Page 30: ... be reprocessed and analyzed using the instrument software or may be uploaded to a laptop computer for storage or further processing with the Model H Laptop Manager Software The following section illustrates how to recall and analyze acoustic records using the stand alone Echometer Model H Recalling and Analyzing Acoustic Records Starting at the Main menu press the button below the Recall Data lab...

Page 31: ...igure When multiple wells are listed use the UP and Down Arrow buttons of the 5 star keypad to select the desired well The currently selected data set 20091109 1622 is displayed in the Shot column Highlight the Shot column using the Right Arrow to display the list of all available shots When various shots are displayed select the shot to be reviewed using the Up Down arrows Press the button below ...

Page 32: ...cted at the time when the data was previously saved which in this example is the Automatic Collar Count method When the user wishes to apply a different method of analysis he can do so by pressing the Analysis Options button to open the following screen Analysis Options This screen presents the user with a list of alternative liquid level depth calculation methods The following section discusses t...

Page 33: ... the record Toggle Filters This option toggles ON and OFF a low pass filter to the acoustic data display The filtered data appears in the Liquid Marker window as a green trace Adjust Collars this option opens a screen that allows the user to modify the collar count Adjust Liquid Level this option opens a screen that allows the user to relocate the liquid level marker Analysis Options this presents...

Page 34: ...sing the button under Continue presents the following screen Pressing the button below the Save Changes label will store in the memory of the instrument the current analysis and interpretation of the acoustic data Pressing the button below the Discard Changes label will leave unchanged the previously stored analysis and interpretation of the acoustic data ...

Page 35: ...ge 35 Fax 940 723 7507 Wichita Falls Texas 76302 U S A E Mail info echometer com Toggle Filter This option toggles ON and OFF a low pass filter to the acoustic data display Adjust Collars Adjust Collars option opens a screen that allows the user to modify the collar count ...

Page 36: ... collars may be facilitated by observing the signal after toggling different filters The user can decide which filtered collar display is more appropriate for aligning the markers to the collar echoes The previous display corresponds to the Band Pass filter The previous display corresponds to the High Band filter The previous display corresponds to the Unfiltered Raw data ...

Page 37: ... After selecting the appropriate filter the markers are displaced horizontally using the left right arrows until the leftmost marker is aligned with the first identifiable collar echo Then the spacing of the collars is adjusted by pressing the UP and DOWN buttons until the majority of the markers are aligned with collar echoes This yields a joint count of 17 21 joints per second in the specific in...

Page 38: ...g joint count to liquid level 149 62 is the most accurate value for the depth to the liquid level The accuracy of the indicated depth of 4842 ft is dependent on the accuracy of the Average Joint length that the user has entered in the well information Note that in this case the operator input value of 31 69 feet joint is being used in the depth calculation Once a change has been made to an Automat...

Page 39: ...EFT and RIGHT buttons to a time position where the user considers the arrival of the liquid level echo is observed Set Liquid Level Time Using Marker Pressing the button corresponding to the Adj Liquid Level takes the user to the following Set Liquid Level Time using Marker screen The user considers that the software located the marker slightly past the actual first break corresponding to the liqu...

Page 40: ...or that specific anomaly This fixes the anomaly on the distance axis and defines the average acoustic velocity for the time interval from the start of the shot to the first anomaly then from the first anomaly to the second anomaly and so on until the echo from the last anomaly that can be identified The distance to the liquid level is then computed by adding to the distance to the deepest anomaly ...

Page 41: ...5 Code 5 Gas Lift Mandrel No 6 Code 6 Gas Lift Mandrel No 7 Code 7 Gas Lift Mandrel No 8 Code 8 Gas Lift Mandrel No 9 Code 9 Enlargement Code E Liner Code L Other Code O Perforations Code P Total Depth Code T Packer Code R SSSV Code S The user then should refer to the wellbore description for the particular well and enter the measured depth to each downhole marker The depth values entered here sho...

Page 42: ... the other anomalies that have been entered in the table whether their echoes are visible or not The user now must manually process the record from the top down beginning at the anomaly highlighted with the green band and should align correctly each individual marker with the corresponding visible echo In this process the program calculates the average acoustic velocity for the wellbore interval b...

Page 43: ...he user entered the depth to the anomalies into the well information and now wants to repeat the analysis of the record using the Markers on Downhole Anomalies method to get a more accurate liquid level depth From the Main Menu select the Recall Data option selct the desired group well and data The screen that is presented next depends on the analysis method that was used when the shot was last SA...

Page 44: ... identification of the liquid level echo as discussed later The Toggle Filter option allows digital filtering of the record with a Low Pass filter to eliminate the noise as shown in the following figure After filtering the vertical scale now set at 31 6 mV should be readjusted using the Up Down arrow keys to better observe the details of the record as shown in the following figure where the vertic...

Page 45: ...plays the following screen Using the Interval Right button and the Left Right arrow keys the liquid level marker is repositioned at the first break of the liquid level echo at 10 803 seconds and then the Accept button is used to return to the manual fluid level analysis screen It is important to note that when using the Toggle Filter feature the Liquid Level Marker must be picked using the Unfilte...

Page 46: ...d to a time closer to the liquid level echo Also the displayed liquid level depth of 7098 feet is computed using the Average Jt Length that was entered in the well description screen and in this case the value of 31 7 is the default value and does not necessarily represent the actual average joint length for this well The conclusion is that the indicated liquid level depth of 7098 feet is not as a...

Page 47: ...user manually adjusts the first marker position using the Left Right arrows to fine tune the movement The Interval Left and Interval Right feature softkeys will move the highlighted left and right along the shot trace in 5 second intervals The marker is manually adjusted by the user until it is aligned with the first break of the echo at a time of 5 061 seconds as shown in the following figure ...

Page 48: ...omaly listed in the table but that is presently below the liquid level or that does not generate a clear echo signal such as plugged perforations Any changes made must be saved using the Enter key Skip Marker will ignore any changes made and proceed to the next marker If a marker is accidentally skipped the operator must press the Skip Marker key through each selected marker until the highlighted ...

Page 49: ...he first break and the Enter key is pressed to accept the new location The procedure is repeated for the echoes from the deeper anomalies until all have been processed The newly calculated Acoustic Velocity for each line populates the AV field of the marker following the manually adjusted marker until that next marker has also been positioned and the Enter key has been pressed saving the marker s ...

Page 50: ...arker button is used to pass over any downhole anomaly listed in the table but that is presently below the liquid level or that does not generate a clear echo signal such as plugged perforations The figure below shows the screen after having skipped the Other O and the Perforations P markers Pressing the button Accept All Markers finalizes the analysis and displays the following screen that allows...

Page 51: ... Wichita Falls Texas 76302 U S A E Mail info echometer com Anomaly Method Adjust Liquid Level The Liquid Level should be adjusted using the Unfiltered Raw data NOT the Low Pass filtered data Pressing the Accept button displays the final Liquid Level Depth Analysis for the Anomaly Marker option ...

Page 52: ... Acoustic Velocity ft sec 1314 1126 In this example there is a very large difference in the resulting number of joints to the liquid level the liquid level depth the average acoustic velocity and number of joints per second Assuming that the depths to the downhole markers were entered correctly in the well data then the Anomaly Marker Analysis yields the most accurate calculation of the distance t...

Page 53: ...0 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 1500 Average Acoustic Velocity ft sec Depth ft The graph shows that in this wellbore there is about 10 variation of acoustic velocity as a function of depth Acoustic Velocity Input Analysis The conversion from round trip travel time to distance to the liquid in wellbores where there are no tubing collars or other changes in cross sectional area it is neces...

Page 54: ... analyis is performed using the default acoustic velocity as shown in the following figure The acoustic velocity that is displayed is either the default value that is currently present in the setup screen or the default value for this specific well Note that the first digit is highlighted and can be changed by the user with the Up Down arrows The Left Right arrows move left and right between the c...

Page 55: ... Falls Texas 76302 U S A E Mail info echometer com The following screen shows that the user has entered a new acoustic velocity value of 1200 ft sec Pressing the Accept button shows the final liquid level analyis Pressing the Continue button gives the options of either saving or discarding the analyis ...

Page 56: ...s how to enter new groups and well data using the stand alone instrument Entering New Group of Wells The user should decide how to organize the wells into some logical number of groups although it is possible to assign all the wells to a single group The name of a group may consist of up to 20 characters and include letters numbers and spaces The following figure illustrates various group names as...

Page 57: ...ual Entry The letters and numbers in the table are selected using the Left Right Up Down arrow buttons Pressing the Enter key moves the character into the name field and highlights the next place Once the full name has been entered press the button under the label Accept Name Entry The screen with the list of all the existing groups will be displayed as shown below ...

Page 58: ...ll to the newly created group as shown in the next figure The screen also indicates that NO Wells have been entered in the new group Therefore the next step is to enter well names and their corresponding information The Right Arrow key is pressed to select the Well screen as shown in the next figure to display the Well list that is empty at this point in the procedure The next step is to start ent...

Page 59: ...re acoustic records may be taken in various tubulars or annuli it is suggested to add an extra character at the end of the name to identify the acoustic path Follows an example using the well name 1A Shooting down tubing string add a T such as 1A T Shooting down casing tubing annulus add A such as 1A A Shooting down production casing intermediate casing annulus add B such as 1A B Shooting down sur...

Page 60: ...be used by the software to identify the next acoustic record for this well if the user were to press the button under the label Acquire Shot In such case since the user has not entered any well information the software would use the default values of Average Joint Length and Acoustic Velocity to complete the liquid level calculations It is recommended that the values of these parameters for the we...

Page 61: ...t is highlighted Move from character to character using the Left Right arrows Press the button under the Next Item label when the edited quantity is correct The Well Information screen will be displayed with the updated information as shown above If the well has wellbore anomalies the Marker Info button will open the screen for input of the corresponding depths as previously shown in the Anomaly M...

Page 62: ...the casing annulus for a pressure pulse to be generated The operator has the choice of using an explosion or implosion pulse Compression Explosion Pulse Explosion utilizes an external gas supply to generate an acoustic pulse in the well In the explosion mode the volume chamber is charged from an external gas supply to a pressure in excess of the well pressure Operating in the explosion mode keeps ...

Page 63: ...f producing BHP and casing gas flow rate Cocking Arm The cocking arm is lifted to depress and close the valve between the gas chamber and the casing Casing or Tubing Pressure Bleed Valve This valve allows bleeding the pressure between the casing valve and the compact gas gun Turn the knob counter clockwise to release the pressure Verify that the casing valve is closed before opening the bleed valv...

Page 64: ...shed with a solvent The 5000 psi gas gun requires very little maintenance It is excellent for gas lift flowing and high pressure shut in wells It can be used in the explosion mode by charging the gas gun volume chamber to a pressure in excess of the well pressure The 15000 psi High Pressure Gas Gun operates in the implosion mode only Excellent results have been obtained at pressures above 1500 psi...

Page 65: ... etc The remaining pulse energy is then reflected by the gas liquid interface at the depth of the liquid level The reflected signals travel back to the surface of the well where they are detected by the microphone The microphone within the wellhead attachment converts the reflected acoustic signal into an electrical signal consisting of a series of pulses which correspond to the sequence of reflec...

Page 66: ...ng to serve as a depth reference When the specific gravity or the composition of the gas in the annulus is known with some accuracy then the velocity of sound in the gas can be calculated The acoustic wave round trip travel time from the initial pulse to the liquid level reflection is divided by two and multiplied by the acoustic velocity to calculate the depth to the liquid level Still another te...

Page 67: ...reasing the sensitivity until signal deflection is obtained Closing the casing valve between the microphone and the annulus will cause a reduction in the noise level if its source is acoustic noise If the signal level remains the same then the noise is caused either by surface vibrations or by gas leakage from extraneous lines connected on the same side of the closed casing valve as the microphone...

Page 68: ...s that the range of tubing joints is similar for all tubing in the well This procedure may not be used if there are significant differences in the lengths of tubing joints Alternative methods to determine the depth to the fluid level are discussed in the following section The direction of kick of an echo signal indicates enlargements and reductions in the cross sectional area of the annulus or int...

Page 69: ... there are doubts that the correct liquid level signal has been identified the best way to differentiate it from other signals such as signals from liners paraffin rings or liquid influx from perforations is to cause the liquid level to move The liquid level signal is the only signal that can move in a well and such movement identifies the liquid level A high fluid level can be depressed by increa...

Page 70: ...res 45 seconds boot time is 0 035 Amp In the off state the battery will discharge in about 10 days Temperature oF Temperature oC Battery Life Hours 104 40 8 5 77 24 8 32 0 6 4 20 3 5 Long storage periods without charging will severely reduce service life Charging the battery before it is fully discharged will result in longer battery life Important Notes and Instructions for Rechargeable Batteries...

Page 71: ... shut off occurs the battery will not begin taking a charge unless the battery is reset Please take the following steps to reset the battery 1 With the instrument completely powered down plug the wall charger into the instrument and the outlet The light on the charger will show green due to the fact that the charge is not reaching the battery 2 The pin hole reset button is located in the upper rig...

Page 72: ...ill begin taking a charge Step 1 Plug the Model H charger into the instrument front panel If the battery voltage is critically low the light on the Model H charger will remain green Step 2 In the upper right hand side of the Model H front panel locate the pin hole next to the microphone cable connector Take the end of a paper clip and depress the button inside the pin hole for three seconds When t...

Page 73: ... the Main Menu and perform the following navigation to the Set Up screen to see a visual display of the battery charge Main Menu Set Up Set Up Page 2 Above the visual battery charge display is a bar labeled Battery Amps If the battery is taking a charge the colored bar will turn from a red bar to a green bar This color scheme is opposite to the light indicator on the charger Step 5 With the charge...

Page 74: ...retard the formation of corrosion pits If the gas gun does not operate properly it probably needs replacement of O rings and it should be disassembled Be sure to check all threads the moving gas valve and all other pieces thoroughly If any signs of wear or deterioration exist replace the parts before reassembling Replace the O rings when any sign of deterioration exists Lubricate the gas valve and...

Page 75: ... at the lower end of the gas gun It is removed by unscrewing a 10 32 x 1 1 4 cap screw Then remove the Housing Cap by unscrewing the four Allen head cap bolts When reassembling the gas gun always FIRST attach the Housing Cap to the housing with the 4 bolts then INSTALL the MICROPHONE LAST Do not over torque bolts The four cap bolts Part No GG 210 which hold the housing cap to the main gas gun hous...

Page 76: ...Echometer Company Model H Manual Phone 940 767 4334 5001 Ditto Lane Page 76 Fax 940 723 7507 Wichita Falls Texas 76302 U S A E Mail info echometer com APPENDIX FIGURE A1 COMPACT GAS GUN ASSEMBLY DRAWING ...

Page 77: ... can be tested whenever desired The rubber squeeze bulb applies a compression pressure pulse to the microphone when the bulb is squeezed Continue to squeeze the bulb for approximately 5 seconds and then release the bulb When the bulb is released a rarefaction pressure pulse is generated which is opposite in polarity When testing the Compact Gas Gun the internal gas valve and the casing bleed valve...

Page 78: ...the point on the bottom scales corresponding to the producing rate read straight up until intersecting the line indicating the pipe sizes then read to the left to find fill up rate For over 100 BPD find the point on the bottom scale corresponding to 1 10 of the producing rate read up until intersecting the line indicating the pipe sizes then read to the left to find fill up rate and multiply by 10...

Page 79: ...e first 600 feet or so However if the static reservoir pressure would support only 900 feet of liquid then the fill up rate would be reduced to one half by the time the well had filled with 600 feet of liquid The rate of fill up graph can be used to estimate the production rate of a well A first fluid level depth measurement is performed while the well is at normal producing conditions Then the we...

Page 80: ... skin Gas becomes cold during use and can cause frostbite or other personal injury Metal parts of Cylinder can become extremely cold during use Protect hands and other parts of body from direct contact with metal parts of Cylinder during use Contains carbon dioxide gas under pressure Do not puncture or incinerate Cylinder Do not expose to heat or store at temperature above 170 degrees F 76 o C Kee...

Page 81: ...Echometer Company Model H Manual Phone 940 767 4334 5001 Ditto Lane Page 81 Fax 940 723 7507 Wichita Falls Texas 76302 U S A E Mail info echometer com CO2 Cylinder Schematic With Part Numbers ...

Page 82: ...d the pressure will decline At 90 o F the pressure in a full cylinder will be approximately 1100 psi The amount of CO2 in a cylinder is determined by weighing the cylinder containing the CO2 and then subtracting the weight of the empty cylinder which is shown on the cylinder Below 88 o F the amount of CO2 in the cylinder cannot be estimated by measuring the pressure unless the pressure is less tha...

Page 83: ...COUSTIC LIQUID LEVEL DEPTH MEASUREMENT CONSIDERATIONS Generally a pressure regulator should be used with N2 since the initial cylinder pressure is 2200 psi which is normally in excess of the wellhead pressure rating or the maximum rating of some of the pressure gauges During pressure buildup testing the pressure regulator should be set so that the pressure in the volume chamber will exceed the pre...

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