12
e) DV Record (mode for filming).
f) Exit (the menu).
3.2.5 Produce and administer film
In this mode resolution is shown top left outside the image during
live picture display and the memory time available for film at bot-
tom left. The electronic zoom factor (1.0 to 2.0) is shown bottom
right. Start filming with SNAP (illustration 2.21); press this key
again to end filming. During filming a camera symbol blinks at top
left and the current filming time is shown at bottom left. Film
image resolution is 320 x 240. In Effect the same pictorial effects
as for photos are selectable. Use Capture to toggle between fil-
ming and photographing. Use Exit or ESC to get out of the menu
and then ESC to revert to the live picture display. To view the sto-
red films use ESC to get to the photo list and then MENU to get
to the film list via Video (see section 3.2.3). Use the arrows to
choose a film, select it and then play it endlessly with OK. During
play use OK to toggle between Pause (||) and Play (
u
). Use the
left arrow to choose the previous film (|
t
) and the right the next
(
u
|). A strip showing a film playing bar graph, play duration and
functions is briefly displayed here. This can also be shown using
Snap if you want to know current status. Use ESC“ to end the
play function. Delete films using MENU and DelFile as for photos
(see section 3.2.3). You can view your films and manage them
on any connected PC (see section 6 b) using a suitable media
programme.
4. Viewed Object – condition and preparation
4.1 Condition
Transparent and non-transparent specimens can be examined
with this microscope, which is a direct as well as transmitted light
model. If opaque specimens are examined - such as small ani-
mals, plant parts, tissue, stone and so on - the light is reflected
from the specimen through the lens and eyepiece, where it is
magnified, to the eye (reflected light principle, switch position I).
If opaque specimens are examined the light from below goes
through the specimen, lens and eyepiece to the eye and is ma-
gnified en route (direct light principle, switch position II). Many
small organisms of the water, plant parts and finest animal com-
ponents have now from nature these transparent characteristic,
other ones must be accordingly prepared. Is it that we make it
by means of a pre-treatment or penetration with suitable materials
(media) transparent or thus that we cut finest wafers off of them
(hand cut, Microtom) and these then examine. With these me-
thods will us the following part make familiar.
4.2 Manufacture of thin preparation cuts
Specimens should be sliced as thin as possible, as stated be-
fore. A little wax or paraffin is needed to achieve the best results.
A candle can be used for the
purpose. The wax is put in a bowl and heated over a flame. The
specimen is then dipped several times in the liquid wax. The wax
is finally allowed to harden. Use a MicroCut (Fig 5.36) or
knife/scalpel (carefully) to make very thin slices of the object in
its wax casing. These slices are then laid on a glass slide and co-
vered with another.
4.3 Manufacture of an own preparation
Put the object which shall be observed on a glass slide and give
with a pipette (Fig. 5.34 B) a drop of distilled water on the object
(Fig. 6).
Set a cover glass (in each well sorted hobby shop available) per-
pendicularly at the edge of the water drop, so that the water runs
along the cover glass edge (Fig. 7). Lower now the cover glass
slowly over the water drop.
Note:
The gum medium supplied (Fig 5.37 B) is used to make perma-
nent slide cultures. Add it instead of distilled water. The gum me-
dium hardens so that the specimen is permanently affixed to its
slide.
5. Experiments
If you made yourself familiar with the microscope already, you
can accomplish the following experiments and observe the re-
sults under your microscope.
5.1 Newspaper print
Objects:
1. A small piece of paper from a newspaper with parts of a picture
and some letters
2. A similar piece of paper from an illustrated magazine
Use your microscope at the lowest magnification and use the
preparation of the daily paper. The letters seen are broken out,
because the newspaper is printed on raw, inferior paper. Letters
of the magazines appear smoother and more complete. The pic-
ture of the daily paper consists of many small points, which ap-
pear somewhat dirty. The pixels (raster points) of the magazine
appear sharply.
5.2 Textile fibers
Items and accessories:
1. Threads of different textiles: Cotton, line, wool, silk, Celanese,
nylon etc..
2. Two needles
Each thread is put on a glass slide and frayed with the help of
the two needles. The threads are dampened and covered with
a cover glass. The microscope is adjusted to a low magnification.
Cotton staples are of vegetable origin and look under the micros-
cope like a flat, turned volume. The fibres are thicker and
rounder at the edges than in the centre. Cotton staples consist
primary of long, collapsed tubes. Linen fibres are also vegetable
origin; they are round and run in straight lines direction. The fibres
shine like silk and exhibit countless swelling at the fibre pipe. Silk
is animal origin and consists of solid fibres of smaller diameter
contrary to the hollow vegetable fibres. Each fibre is smooth and
even moderate and has the appearance of a small glass rod.
Wool fibres are also animal origin; the surface consists of over-
lapping cases, which appear broken and wavy. If it is possible,
compare wool fibres of different weaving mills. Consider thereby
the different appearance of the fibres. Experts can determine
from it the country of origin of wool. Celanese is like already the
name says, artificially manufactured by a long chemical process.
All fibres show hard, dark lines on the smooth, shining surface.
The fibres ripple themselves/crinkle after drying in the same con-
dition. Observe the thing in common and differences.
5.3 Salt water prawns
Accessories:
1. Prawn eggs (Fig 5.37 D)
2. Sea salt (Fig 5.37 C)
3. Prawn breeding plant (Fig 5.35)
4. Yeast (Fig 5.37 A)
