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Agilent Technologies Agilent 8163A, User Manual

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Agilent Technologies Agilent 8163A User Manual Download Page 82

Power Measurement

How to Measure Power

82

Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter, Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement 

System, & Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System, Fourth Edition

If the measured power is more than 40 dBm less than the range setting, it is 

impossible for power to be displayed. The power value, 

-1.--- dBm

, as shown 

in Figure 51, is shown. This means that the measured power is greater than the 

resolution at this [

Range

] value. You must increase the [

Range

] value. 

See Table 1 on page 83 for more details.  

Figure 51

Out of Range - Power Less Than Resolution

Summary of Contents for Agilent 8163A

Page 1: ...Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System User s Guide ...

Page 2: ... However Buyer shall pay all shipping charges duties and taxes for products returned to Agilent from another country Agilent warrants that its software and firmware designated by Agilent for use with an instrument will execute its programming instructions when properly installed on that instrument Agilent does not warrant that the operation of the instrument software or firmware will be uninterrup...

Page 3: ...d to the AC power source To disconnect from the line power disconnect the power cord either at the rear power inlet or at the AC line power source receptacle One of these must always be accessible If the instrument is in a cabinet it must be disconnected from the line power by the system s line power switch WARNING To avoid hazardous electrical shock do not perform electrical tests when there are ...

Page 4: ... source Insert the power cable plug only into a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact Do not negate this protective action by the using an extension cord without a protective conductor Before switching on the instrument the protective earth terminal of the instrument must be connected to a protective conductor You can do this by using the power cord supplied with the instrument Do...

Page 5: ...uto transformers and devices connected to it should be connected to a protective earth via a ground socket Any interruption of the protective earth grounding will cause a potential shock hazard that could result in serious personal injury Whenever it is likely that the protection has been impaired the instrument must be made inoperative and be secured against any unintended operation There is no u...

Page 6: ...ion manual in order to protect the apparatus against damage Caution risk of electric shock Frame or chassis terminal Protective conductor terminal Hazardous laser radiation Magnetic fields may interfere with a pacemaker WARNING The WARNING sign denotes a hazard It calls attention to a procedure practice or the like which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in injury or loss of li...

Page 7: ...x CW output power is defined as the highest possible optical power that the laser source can produce at its output connector Max permissible CW output power is the highest optical power that is permitted within the appropriate laser class Table 2 High Power Laser Source Modules Laser Safety Information Agilent 81655A Agilent 81656A Agilent 81657A Laser Type FP Laser InGaAsP FP Laser InGaAsP FP Las...

Page 8: ...m 1400 1670 nm Max CW output power 15 mW 15 mW 15 mW 15 mW Beam waist diameter 9 µm 9 µm 9 µm 9 µm Numerical aperture 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Laser Class according to IEC 60825 1 1998 International 3A 3A 3A 3A Max permissible CW output power IEC 50 mW 50 mW 50 mW 50 mW Laser Class according to FDA 21 CFR 1040 10 1995 USA IIIb IIIb IIIb IIIb Max permissible CW output power FDA 500 mW 500 mW 500 mW 500 mW M...

Page 9: ...the labels in the local language onto the outside of the instrument in a position where they are clearly visible to anyone using the instrument Laser Safety Labels 15 mW Max CW Output Power Figure 2 Non USA Safety Labels 81655A 81656A 81657A These laser safety warning labels are fixed on the outside of the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System before shipment Figure 3 USA Safety Labels 81640A...

Page 10: ...he laser radiation can seriously damage your eyesight Do not enable the laser when there is no fiber attached to the optical output connector The laser is enabled by pressing the gray button close to the optical output connector on the front panel of the module The laser is on when the green LED on the front panel of the instrument is lit The use of optical instruments with this product will incre...

Page 11: ...le Lasers on page 101 Return Loss Measurement on page 131 and Applications on page 153 Additional Information This section gives the following supporting information of a non operational nature Installation and Maintenance on page 199 Accessories on page 223 Specifications on page 233 Performance Tests on page 245 Cleaning Instructions on page 265 and Firmware Upgrades on page 285 Conventions used...

Page 12: ...12 Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition ...

Page 13: ... Safety Labels 28 mW Max CW Output Power 8 Laser Safety Labels 15 mW Max CW Output Power 9 Further Safety Information 10 The Structure of this Manual 11 Conventions used in this Manual 11 Contents 13 Figures 23 Tables 27 Getting Started 29 Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter 31 Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System 32 Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System 33 A Description of the User Int...

Page 14: ...to Set All Parameters to Their Default Values 49 If You Make a Mistake 49 If the Parameter Changes to Different Value 49 A Sample Session 50 How to Measure the Power of a Modulated Signal 50 Additional Information 53 Using the System Utilities 55 How to Set the Backlight Contrast 56 To Set the Contrast 56 To Set the Backlight 56 How to Set the Date Time 57 How to Set the GPIB Address 58 How to Sel...

Page 15: ...x Mode 86 How to Hold the Screen 87 How to Use Triggers 88 How to Trigger Power Measurements 88 How to Use Output Triggering 89 Dual Power Meters Master and Slave Channels 90 Laser Sources 91 How to Use Laser Source Modules 93 The Laser Wavelength Value 93 Dual Wavelength Laser Source Modules 93 How to Enable Disable Laser Output 94 How to Set Attenuation 95 How to Modulate the Optical Output 95 H...

Page 16: ...13 The Sweep Parameters 113 How to Set the Repeat Mode 113 How to Set the Maximum Power for the Sweep Range 114 How to Perform a Sweep 114 How to Execute a Stepped Sweep 114 How to Execute a Continuous Sweep 116 How to Perform a Manual Sweep 118 How to Modulate a Signal 119 How to Use the Internal Modulation 119 How to Set the Output Power of a Modulated Signal 120 How to Set the Frequency of a Mo...

Page 17: ... 140 Measuring the Power Transmitted Through the Reference Cable 141 Measuring the Termination Parameter using a Reference Cable 141 Measuring the Front Panel Delta 142 Measuring the Return Loss 142 Measuring the Insertion Loss 143 Viewing the Calibration Values 143 A Background to Return Loss Measurement with the HP 81534A145 Measuring the Reflected Power from a Component with Known Reflection Fa...

Page 18: ...72 On Screen Messages 173 The Stability Application 173 How to Set Up a Stability Function 174 Selecting Deselecting Power Meters 175 Setting Power Meter Parameters 176 Setting Stability Parameter 177 Running a Stability Application 178 Analysing a Stability Application 179 Setting Analysis Parameters 180 Viewing the Statistics for a Power Meter Channel 181 On Screen Messages 182 The PACT Applicat...

Page 19: ...it and Remove Modules 210 How to Remove a Front Loadable Module 210 How to Fit a Front Loadable Module 211 How to Remove a Back Loadable Module 211 How to Fit a Back Loadable Module 213 Adding a Connector Interface 215 Protecting Empty Module Slots 215 Fitting Blind Panels for Front Loadable Module Slots 215 Fitting a Filler Module for Back Loadable Module Slots 216 Input and Output Connectors 216...

Page 20: ...lent 8164A Specifications 236 Agilent 8166A Specifications 237 Ordering Information 237 Declaration of Conformity 238 Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter 238 Supplementary Information 239 Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System 240 Supplementary Information 241 Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System 242 Supplementary Information 243 Performance Tests 245 Equipment Required 247 Test Record 2...

Page 21: ...about 50X up to 300X 270 Ultrasonic bath 271 Warm water and liquid soap 271 Premoistened cleaning wipes 271 Polymer film 271 Infrared Sensor Card 272 Preserving Connectors 272 Cleaning Instrument Housings 273 Which Cleaning Procedure should I use 273 How to clean connectors 273 How to clean connector adapters 274 How to clean connector interfaces 275 How to clean bare fiber adapters 276 How to cle...

Page 22: ...to Get a Firmware Upgrade 287 Receive a Support Disk with New Modules 287 Download Firmware Upgrade from Internet 287 How to Upgrade Firmware 288 How to Upgrade Firmware from the Internet 288 How to Upgrade Firmware from CD ROM 288 Agilent 8163A Firmware Upgrade Procedure 289 Agilent 8164A Firmware Upgrade Procedure 289 Agilent 81640A 80A 82A Firmware Upgrade Procedure 290 Agilent 8166A Firmware U...

Page 23: ...2 Figure 19 The Agilent 8164A Menu for a Power Sensor Channel 42 Figure 20 The Agilent 8163A System Configuration Menu 43 Figure 21 The Agilent 8164A System Configuration Menu 43 Figure 22 The Agilent 8164A Help Screen 44 Figure 23 The Agilent 8164A Help Index 44 Figure 24 The Applications Menu 45 Figure 25 The First Digit Before the Decimal Point is Highlighted First 47 Figure 26 Averaging Time M...

Page 24: ...ure 75 Pausing a Stepped Sweep 116 Figure 76 Performing a Manual Sweep 119 Figure 77 The Modulated Signal 119 Figure 78 External Digital Modulation 121 Figure 79 External Analog Modulation and Output Power 122 Figure 80 Wavelength Locking 123 Figure 81 Input Trigger Mode 126 Figure 82 Output Trigger Mode 127 Figure 83 Realign Screen 128 Figure 84 l Zeroing Screen 129 Figure 85 Return Loss Equipmen...

Page 25: ...tup Screen 175 Figure 129 The Agilent 8163A Stability Parameter Setup Screen 176 Figure 130 The Stability Measurement Screen Measurement Running 178 Figure 131 The Stability Measurement Screen Measurement Completed 179 Figure 132 The Agilent 8164A Stability Analysis Screen 180 Figure 133 The Agilent 8163A Stability Analysis Screen First Screen 180 Figure 134 The Agilent 8163A Stability Analysis Sc...

Page 26: ...Back Loadable Module 212 Figure 163 Removing a Back Loadable Module from the Agilent 8164A 213 Figure 164 Fitting a Back Loadable Module 214 Figure 165 Adding a Connector Interface 215 Figure 166 Fitting a Blind Panel 216 Figure 167 Rear Panel of the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter System 217 Figure 168 Rear Panel of the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System 217 Figure 169 Rear Panel of th...

Page 27: ...eters that can only be set using the master channel 90 Table 3 High Return Loss Patchcords 136 Table 4 Logging Application On Screen Messages 173 Table 5 Stability Application On Screen Messages 182 Table 6 PACT Application On Screen Messages 192 Table 7 Specified Temperature Ranges 206 Table 8 Equipment Required for Performance Tests 247 Table 9 Reference Wavelength and Power Settings 252 Table 1...

Page 28: ...Tables 28 Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition ...

Page 29: ...Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition 29 Getting Started ...

Page 30: ...hannel System Here you will find a quick description of the instrument how to use the user interface and how to perform a simple sample session The central element of the instrument is the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System and the Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System mainframes You customize the instrument using plug in modules and changeable ...

Page 31: ...t flexible enough to meet changing needs when measuring optical power power loss or return loss for single or multi mode components The Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter mainframe has two slim module slots The system can host up to two front loadable modules of any combination of the following types the Agilent 81689A Tunable Laser Power Sensors both dual and single fixed wavelength Laser Sources...

Page 32: ...inframe has one large and four slim module slots The system can host 1 one back loadable Tunable Laser module 2 and up to four front loadable modules of any combination of the following types Agilent 81689A Tunable Laser Power Sensors both dual and single fixed wavelength Laser Sources and Interface Modules for Optical Heads The front loadable module slots support all modules designed for the HP 8...

Page 33: ...stem has 17 slim module slots The system can host up to seventeen front loadable modules of any combination of the following types Agilent 81689A Tunable Laser Power Sensors both dual and single fixed wavelength Laser Sources and Interface Modules for Optical Heads The front loadable module slots do not support any modules designed for the HP 8153A Lightwave Multimeter that is modules with part nu...

Page 34: ... interface of the Agilent 8164A and the Agilent 8163A 6A respectively and the names used in this manual to describe the groups of keys The Agilent 8163A and the Agilent 8166A do not provide the following two features of the Agilent 8164A s user interface the Modify Knob and the Numerical Keypad Figure 8 The Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System User Interface Power Key Hardkeys Softkeys Keypa...

Page 35: ...ult password is 1234 If You Forget Your Password If you forget your password contact your nearest Agilent Technologies Sales Service Office Find contact details by accessing http www agilent com on the internet User Interface Features Introducing Softkeys A softkey is a key whose function changes depending on the keys that you have pressed before The function of the softkey is shown on the display...

Page 36: ... another channel see How to Reference Another Power Measurement Channel on page 75 to identify the channel when using an application see Applications on page 153 and to identify a channel when using a GPIB command see the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Programming Guide for more information on GPIB commands ...

Page 37: ...166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition 37 How to Navigate Modify the Display Overview Screen Figure 10 shows the overview screen for the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter this screen is shown immediately after start up It shows the most important parameters of all installed modules Figure 10 The Agilent 8163A s Overview Screen ...

Page 38: ...r the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System this screen is shown immediately after start up It shows the most important parameters of all installed modules Figure 12 shows the overview screen for the Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System this screen is shown immediately after start up It shows the module slots that are occupied Figure 11 The Agilent 8164A s Overview Screen Figure 12 The...

Page 39: ...Numerical Keypad NOTE The Numerical Keypad is only available if you use the Agilent 8164A You can use the Numerical Keypad to change the value of a parameter See How to Change the Value of a Parameter on page 46 How to Use the Modify Knob NOTE The Modify Knob is only available if you use the Agilent 8164A You can use the Modify Knob to navigate around the display When you turn the Modify Knob thro...

Page 40: ...pressing the Channel hardkey You can use this key when either the overview screen or the details screen is displayed How to Access the Details Screen You can access the parameters of a module that are not shown on the overview screen by pressing Channel to select the channel and pressing the Details softkey You should see the Details screen as shown in Figure 15 Figure 16 or Figure 17 Figure 15 Th...

Page 41: ...d in the Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System the user interface cannot display each channel number in the details screen The arrow indicates that undisplayed channels can be accessed by pressing the Channel hardkey To return to the overview screen press the Overview softkey Figure 16 The Agilent 8164A s Details Screen for a Tunable Laser Channel Figure 17 The Agilent 8166A s Details Screen...

Page 42: ... Multichannel System Fourth Edition How to Access the Menu Press the Menu softkey to access all the parameters and functions that apply to a module Figure 18 and Figure 19 show the type of menu you should see for a Power Sensor channel Figure 18 The Agilent 8163A 6A Menu for a Power Sensor Channel Figure 19 The Agilent 8164A Menu for a Power Sensor Channel ...

Page 43: ...tem Fourth Edition 43 How to Change the System Configuration Press the Config hardkey to access all the system configuration parameters that can be changed Figure 20 and Figure 21 show the menu you should see See Additional Information on page 53 for more details Figure 20 The Agilent 8163A System Configuration Menu Figure 21 The Agilent 8164A System Configuration Menu ...

Page 44: ...e you need more information The instrument displays online documentation for the currently selected parameter Press the Index softkey to access the Index of help topics Press the Back softkey to return to the last Help topic you accessed You can scroll through the text using the up and down cursor keys The scroll bar displays the current position in the text Figure 22 The Agilent 8164A Help Screen...

Page 45: ...lp page See How to Connect a Printer on page 67 for more information on printing Press the Close softkey to leave the online documentation and resume your task How to Access Applications You can access these applications for the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter or Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System by pressing the Appl hardkey the Applications Menu appears as shown in Figure 24 See Appli...

Page 46: ...he following screens from the Details screen after pressing the Details softkey from the Menu screen after pressing the Menu softkey or for the Agilent 8163A and Agilent 8164A from the Overview screen To start editing a parameter you move to it and press the Enter hardkey press the Edit softkey press the Modify Knob if you are using the Agilent 8164A or for numerical parameters only type a digit o...

Page 47: ... 755 000 on the numerical keypad and press Enter How to Make a Small Change to a Continuous Parameter For small changes to a parameter use the up and down cursor keys the numerical keypad if you are using the Agilent 8164A or the modify knob if you are using the Agilent 8164A Move to the parameter and then 1 Press Edit The first digit before the decimal point will be highlighted first as shown in ...

Page 48: ...s the down cursor twice to change the value of the digit to two 4 Press the right cursor once to move the cursor one digit right 5 Press the up cursor five times to change the value of the digit to five Press Enter to end the editing How to Change a Discrete Parameter For discrete parameters you may choose a particular values within a given range For a Power Sensor module 1 Move to the Power Senso...

Page 49: ...eir default values If You Make a Mistake If you make a mistake while you are editing a parameter you can cancel the editing and retain the previous value for the parameter by pressing the Cancel softkey If the Parameter Changes to Different Value If you press Enter or the OK softkey and the parameter changes to a different value then you tried to enter a value outside the calibrated range The new ...

Page 50: ... a Diamond HMS 10 Agilent HRL to Diamond HMS 10 Agilent patchcord Agilent 81109AC How to Measure the Power of a Modulated Signal We want to measure the power of a 1540 nm signal modulated by a 100 kHz square wave at 500 µW 1 Make sure that all your connectors and connector interfaces are clean 2 Make sure that the Optical Output of the Laser Source is not active 3 Connect the output of the Laser S...

Page 51: ...g and press Enter b Move to 1 s using the cursor key and press Enter 7 For the Power Sensor module make sure that Watts are the selected Power Unit and that the instrument is in automatic ranging mode To change these settings a Move to the power parameter P and press the Power Unit softkey b Move to W using the cursor key and press Enter c Move to the Range Mode parameter and press Enter d Move to...

Page 52: ...arameter and press Enter d Enter 500 000 e Change units to µW if necessary using the Unit or Unit softkey f Press Enter 10How to set the modulation frequency for the Tunable Laser module a Select the Frequency parameter and press Enter b Enter 100 000 and press Enter 11 For the Tunable Laser module press the button beside the Optical Output The green LED should switch on to indicate that the laser...

Page 53: ...Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition 53 Additional Information ...

Page 54: ...wave Multichannel System Fourth Edition This chapter describes the system functions of the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System and the Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Here you will find out how to set the configuration settings and how to connect an external monitor ...

Page 55: ...ing the System Utilities Press the Config hardkey to access configuration information for your mainframe You see the screens in Figure 28 and Figure 29 You can move to any of the menu items by using the cursor key or the Modify knob Select an item by pressing Enter or the OK softkey Figure 28 The Agilent 8163A 6A System Configuration Menu Figure 29 The Agilent 8164A System Configuration Menu ...

Page 56: ...Contrast menu options are supported by the Agilent 8163A and Agilent 8166A but not by the Agilent 8164A To Set the Contrast To change the contrast level of the Agilent 8163A 6A s screen 1 Press the Config hardkey 2 Move to the Contrast menu option and press Enter You see a box displaying the current setting 3 Enter an integer value between zero and one hundred in this box and press Enter To Set th...

Page 57: ...ying the current setting 3 Enter an integer value between zero and one hundred in this box and press Enter How to Set the Date Time The instrument uses the date and time when you print out data from an application you save data to diskette from an application and you send the SYSTem DATE or SYSTem TIME GPIB commands see your instrument s Programming Guide for more details To set the date and time ...

Page 58: ...ar Edit the day month or year using the cursor key Press Enter 5 Perform steps 3 to 4 again if the date is not fully correct 6 Use the cursor key to move to the Time field Press the Edit softkey The hour of the day is highlighted The 24 hour clock is used 7 Use the left and right cursor keys to move to the hour minute or second Edit the hour minute or second using the cursor key Press OK 8 Perform...

Page 59: ...ow to Select the Printer Type You can use a printer connected to the parallel port on the rear panel of your mainframe see Input and Output Connectors on page 216 for a diagram of your mainframe s rear panel You can print out any of the following information a help screen see How to Get Help on page 44 data from an application see Printing Application Measurement Results on page 194 To select a pr...

Page 60: ...nnel System Fourth Edition EPSON 8 pin you can use any printer that is compliant with Epson 8 pin printers 3 Move to your printer type and press Enter You return to the configuration menu How to Lock Unlock the High Power Laser Sources To unlock high power laser sources including Tunable Laser modules 1 Press the Config hardkey Figure 34 Selecting a Printer Type ...

Page 61: ...perform the steps above but in step 2 move to the Lock menu option in place of the Unlock menu option How to Change the Password The password is used for unlocking the instrument To change the password 1 Press the Config hardkey 2 Move to the Change Password menu option and press Enter You see a box requesting you to enter the password 3 Enter the password using the softkeys or the numerical keypa...

Page 62: ...f triggering from the trigger configuration menu None which you should choose if you do not want to use triggering Default which you should choose if you want to enable the trigger connectors Pass Through which you should choose if you want an input trigger to automatically generate an output trigger This allows you to trigger another instrument almost simultaneously Loopback which you should choo...

Page 63: ...to a mouse you press the Foot Pedal and a trigger is generated You can attach the Foot Pedal to the Input Trigger BNC Connector see Input and Output Connectors on page 216 To configure your Foot Pedal 1 Press the Config hardkey 2 Move to the Foot pedal support menu option and press Enter You see a box displaying On and Off 3 Move to On to enable the Agilent 81610FP Foot Pedal or move to Off to dis...

Page 64: ...e About Modules menu option and press Enter You see a box displaying the slots which have installed modules see Figure 38 3 Move to the module using the cursor key for which you require information Press Enter 4 The part number serial number and firmware revision of the chosen module are displayed as shown in Figure 39 Figure 38 Slots with Installed Modules Figure 39 Viewing Information About a Mo...

Page 65: ...t 8163A Series modules return Agilent Technologies as the manufacturer The HP 8153A Series modules will always return HEWLETT PACKARD as the manufacturer See How to Get Information About the Mainframe on page 65 for information on mainframe identity strings How to Get Information About the Mainframe To get information about the mainframe 1 Press the Config hardkey 2 Move to the About Mainframe men...

Page 66: ...an connect a standard VGA monitor to the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System This is a useful feature for making presentations or for training courses NOTE You cannot connect a monitor to the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter or Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Place your monitor on a flat sturdy surface Before you make any connections make sure the Lightwave Measurement System ...

Page 67: ... either of the following printer types HP PCL a printer that uses the Hewlett Packard Printer Control Language or EPSON 8 pin a printer that is compliant with Epson 8 pin printers To set up the printer perform the following steps 1 Set up your printer as described in your printer s User s Guide 2 Connect a parallel cable between your printer s parallel connector to the parallel port on the rear pa...

Page 68: ...Additional Information How to Connect a Printer 68 Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition ...

Page 69: ...Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition 69 Power Measurement ...

Page 70: ...ystem Fourth Edition This chapter describes how to use the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System and the Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System to measure optical power using a Power Meter that is a Power Sensor module or an Optical Head in conjunction with an Optical Head Interface module ...

Page 71: ...ber of Digits You can set the maximum number of digits that are used in power measurement This is the maximum number of digits after the decimal point To change the number of digits to two 1 Move to the Power Meter channel and press the Menu softkey 2 Move to Number of Digits option and press Enter You will see the screen in Figure 42 3 Move to 2 and press Enter 4 Press the Close softkey to exit t...

Page 72: ...e PdBm is the power value displayed in dBm and Pinput is the input signal level in Watts Power in units of dBm is measured relative to 1 mW it is an absolute power measurement By selecting dB the following calculation is made Where PdB is the power value displayed in dB Pinput is the input signal level in Watts and Pref is the chosen reference power value in Watts Power in units of dB is measured ...

Page 73: ...cuitry for example the Agilent 81022FF Integrating Sphere or a 3 dB coupler The calibration offset Cal is automatically subtracted from the input signal Pmeasured dBm Pinput dBm CAL dB Where Pmeasured is the adjusted value of the signal read in dBm Pinput is the input signal level in dBm and CAL is the calibration offset in decibels dB To set the calibration offset to 40 000 dB 1 Move to the Power...

Page 74: ...an choose the units for the reference using the Power Unit softkey If you choose dB the power value changes to dB and the displayed reference level changes to dBm To set the reference level to 10 mW 1 Move to the Power Meter channel and press the Details softkey 2 Move to the Ref parameter and press the Power Unit softkey 3 Move to W and press Enter twice 4 Change the units to mW using the Unit an...

Page 75: ...display dB PmeasuredA dBm PmeasuredB dBm REF dB or Where Pdisplay is the displayed relative power PmeasuredA is the absolute power level see How to Set the Calibration Offset on page 73 measured by the current Power Meter and PmeasuredB is the absolute power level see How to Set the Calibration Offset on page 73 measured by the Power Meter you choose to reference and REF is the reference level in ...

Page 76: ...gth value The responsivity of the Power Meter varies with wavelength For accurate power measurement you need to input the wavelength of the optical input To set the wavelength to 1545 000 nm 1 Move to the Power Meter channel and press the Details softkey 2 Move to the λ parameter and press Enter 3 Enter 1545 000 and press Enter How to Remove Electrical Offsets Optical Power Meters measure optical ...

Page 77: ...t is not receiving any light If you are using multi mode fiber optic cable you must disconnect the cable and cover the input to the Power Meter to perform a zero It is good practice to perform a zero before making any important measurements To remove electrical offsets 1 Make sure the optical input is not receiving any light If the instrument has just been switched on wait until SETTLING is not di...

Page 78: ...iled because the Power Meter received light The most common reason for zeroing to fail is if a source is connected to the Power Meter s input connector the fiber connected to the Power Meter s input connector is collecting light or the Power Meter receives ambient light because the input connector is uncovered Press Enter and start again at step 1 4 When the zeroing operation finishes press the Cl...

Page 79: ...rectly By default the range mode of the slave channel channel 2 is the same as that for the master channel channel 1 See Table 2 on page 90 for more details You can choose either of two ranging modes from the Range mode menu Auto the auto ranging mode ensures that the result has a displayed value between 9 and 100 of full scale The default state is for automatic ranging to be enabled Manual which ...

Page 80: ...ng follow the following steps 1 Setup the instrument 2 Move to the Power Meter channel and press the Details softkey 3 Move to the P parameter and press the Power Unit softkey You will see the menu in Figure 43 4 Move to dBm by using the cursor key and press Enter 5 Move to the Range Mode parameter and press Enter 6 Move to Auto by using the cursor key and press Enter 7 Perform a set of measuremen...

Page 81: ...ursor key and press Enter If the measured power is more than 3dBm greater than the range setting it is impossible for power to be displayed The power value 1 dBm as shown in Figure 50 is shown This means that the measured power is greater than the Upper Power Limit You must decrease the Range value See Table 1 on page 83 for more details Figure 49 Manual Range Mode Within Range Figure 50 Out of Ra...

Page 82: ...on If the measured power is more than 40 dBm less than the range setting it is impossible for power to be displayed The power value 1 dBm as shown in Figure 51 is shown This means that the measured power is greater than the resolution at this Range value You must increase the Range value See Table 1 on page 83 for more details Figure 51 Out of Range Power Less Than Resolution ...

Page 83: ...the chosen Range decreases The resolution is always 40 dBm less than the chosen Range value The Upper Power Limit is always 3 dBm greater than the chosen Range value Figure 52 Range Value Menu Table 1 Upper Power Limits and Resolution for Various Power Ranges RANGE Upper Power Limit Resolution 10 dBm 19 999 mW 13 000 dBm 0 001 mW 30 000 dBm 0 dBm 1 9999 mW 3 000 dBm 0 1 µW 40 000 dBm 10 dBm 199 99...

Page 84: ...les designed for the HP 8153A Lightwave Multimeter for averaging times of more than 1 second the displayed power is given by the formula Where Pnew is the new displayed result Pold is the previously displayed result Sample is the value read by the hardware Tavg is the averaging time as set by the user and Tsample is the time the hardware takes to make a reading If the measurement condition change ...

Page 85: ... the Polarization Dependent Loss PDL of a component Run the application while sweeping the polarization of the source applied to the component Window mode which compares each new measured value with the maximum and minimum values of each of the previous N samples When a new measurement is taken it is added to a buffer containing the previous N samples and the oldest measurement is deleted Refresh ...

Page 86: ...esh by using the cursor key and press Enter The screen in Figure 55 appears 4 Press Menu move to Data Points and press Enter 5 Enter 100 and press Enter How to Turn Off MinMax Mode To turn off MinMax mode and return to continuous power measurement 1 Move to the Power Meter channel and press the Details softkey 2 Move to the MinMax Mode parameter and press Enter 3 Move to Off by using the cursor ke...

Page 87: ...sing the Hold Cnt softkey allows you to hold the screen so that no new measurements are displayed Hold is displayed as shown in Figure 56 for the overview screen and Figure 57 for the details screen By pressing the Hold Cnt softkey a second time the screen will display new measurements continuously Figure 56 Power Module Channel is Held Overview Screen Figure 57 Power Module Channel is Held Detail...

Page 88: ...r Power Measurements You can configure Agilent 8163A Series Power Meter modules to perform certain tasks when you apply a trigger to the Input Trigger Connector You must prearm a measurement function before an action can be triggered 1 See How to Set the Trigger Configuration on page 62 for how to configure the trigger connectors 2 Move to the Power Meter channel and press the Menu softkey 3 Move ...

Page 89: ...e Agilent 8163A Series Power Meter modules to output a trigger when the instrument performs certain tasks To set your module s Output Trigger Configuration 1 See How to Set the Trigger Configuration on page 62 for how to configure the trigger connectors 2 Move to the Power Meter channel and press the Menu softkey 3 Move to Output Trigger Mode by using the cursor key and press Enter You will see th...

Page 90: ...the slave channel The master and slave channels share the same software and hardware triggering system For some commands setting parameters for the master channel sets the parameters for the slave channel In these cases you may only set parameters for the slave channel by setting master channel parameters The parameters listed in Table 2 can only be set or viewed using the master channel Table 2 P...

Page 91: ...Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition 91 Laser Sources ...

Page 92: ...t System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition This chapter describes how to use the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System and the Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System to control fixed wavelength laser source modules ...

Page 93: ...ource This is a fixed value you can display the value but you cannot edit it Dual Wavelength Laser Source Modules Dual wavelength laser source modules have optical outputs at two wavelengths You can choose to output an optical signal at either a single wavelength or at both wavelengths simultaneously To choose both output wavelengths for a dual wavelength laser source module 1 Move to λ parameter ...

Page 94: ...h Laser Source Modules on page 97 How to Enable Disable Laser Output To enable laser output using the user interface 1 Move to State parameter and press Enter 2 Move to On by using the cursor key and press Enter The green LED on the module front panel switches on To disable laser output using the user interface 1 Move to State parameter and press Enter 2 Move to Off by using the cursor key and pre...

Page 95: ...Psource ATT dB Where Poutput is the power level at the output of the module Psource is the power level at the output of the source and ATT is the attenuation parameter To set the attenuation value to 2 dB 1 Move to the laser source channel and press the Details softkey You see the screen in Figure 62 2 Move to the Attenuation parameter and press Enter 3 Enter 2 00 and press Enter How to Modulate t...

Page 96: ...f the output signal at the minimum output power no power is output How to Set the Frequency of a Modulated Signal To set the frequency of the modulation to 6 500 kHz 1 Move to the frequency parameter Mod Frq press Enter 2 Enter 6 500 press Enter How to Set the Modulation Mode 3 Move to the modulation source parameter Mod Src and press Enter 4 Move to Internal by using the cursor key and press Ente...

Page 97: ...al output signal the two signals may be 180 out of phase with each other For Agilent 8165x Series Dual Wavelength Laser Source modules you can choose independent modulation sources and independent modulation frequencies for both wavelengths NOTE If you choose independent modulation sources for a Dual Wavelength Laser Source module the text Mod will be displayed in the Laser Source channel If you c...

Page 98: ...text Mod is still displayed in the Laser Source channel 10Enable the laser output by pressing the Active hardkey on the module s front panel How to Use Triggers Some Laser Source modules allow you to output trigger signals to external measurement instruments How to Use Output Triggering You can configure the output trigger connector to output a TTL signal at the frequency of the internal modulatio...

Page 99: ...t Trigger Mode by using the cursor key and press Enter You will see the screen in Figure 64 4 Move to one of the following by using the cursor key Disabled the output trigger mode is disabled Modulation the output trigger connector outputs a TTL signal at the frequency of the internal modulation This signal is output whether the laser is switched on or off 5 Press Enter Figure 64 Output Trigger Mo...

Page 100: ...Laser Sources How to Use Laser Source Modules 100 Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition ...

Page 101: ...Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition 101 Tunable Lasers ...

Page 102: ... System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition This chapter explains how to control Tunable Laser modules from the user interface of the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System and the Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System ...

Page 103: ...nal on page 119 or a signal with increased linewidth coherence control see How to Increase Linewidth on page 124 If Mod Src is Off a continuous wave signal is the chosen optical output A continuous wave signal is the default If any other Mod Src source is chosen the chosen source modulates the signal For possible modulation sources see How to Modulate a Signal on page 119 Attenuator If your tunabl...

Page 104: ... the power units and press Enter How to Set the Optical Output To set the Optical Output of a Tunable Laser module with two optical outputs 1 Press Details 2 Move to Optical Output and press Enter 3 Use the Modify Knob to move to one of the following High Power 2 a high power optical output for example for use in tesing Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers EDFAs you see a screen similar to Figure 65 Low ...

Page 105: ...ltichannel System Fourth Edition 105 NOTE If you select Both master 2 or Both master 1 as the regulated path both channels output optical power You can only view or set the parameters for the primary optical output for example the high power output for Both master 2 Figure 65 Setting High Power parameters Figure 66 Setting Low SSE parameter ...

Page 106: ...ut for that module For example if you press the Active hardkey beside Output 1 the Low SSE optical output you choose Low SSE as the optical output the LED beside the Output 1 lights constantly and you see the screen in Figure 66 Furthermore if you then proceed to press the ACTIVE hardkey beside Output 2 the High Power Output you choose Both master 1 as the optical output the LED beside the Output ...

Page 107: ... Fourth Edition 107 6 If Power Mode is not set to Manual Att see Figure 65 that is it is set Automatic perform the following steps a Move to Power Mode and press Enter b Move to Manual Att and press Enter The attenuation parameter Atten appears see Figure 67 7 Move to Atten type 3 000 using the numerical keypad and press Enter Figure 67 Setting Attenuation ...

Page 108: ...the selected wavelength value or press Pmax Swp to select the highest permissible power for the selected wavelength sweep How to Set the Laser to the Dark Position Attenuator If your tunable laser has an built in optical attenuator you can use Dark position to block all laser light from the output You can use this as an alternative to disabling the laser the advantage of this is that you avoid the...

Page 109: ...l is proportional to the optical power produced by the laser diode not the optical output power In Manual Att Mode the relationship between the power value P and the voltage level is only proportional to the output power if the attenuation remains constant The attenuator adds a constant offset to the voltage level In Automatic Attenuation Mode the laser output power and therefore the Analog Output...

Page 110: ...elength λ directly You can set the wavelength from a base wavelength and an offset in the frequency domain or You can set a wavelength range for the instrument to sweep Wavelength Range Every Tunable Laser module has a specified wavelength range This range is available for all Tunable Laser modules See Appendix C of the Agilent 81640A 80A 82A 89A Tunable Laser modules User s Guide to find your mod...

Page 111: ...or heterodyning for example when you are measuring the linewidth of DFB distributed feedback lasers The output wavelength λ is set from the base wavelength λ0 and the frequency offset df The formula for calculating the output wavelength is where c is the speed of light in a vacuum 2 998 108 ms 1 To set a frequency offset of 1 000 THz from a base wavelength of 1545 nm 1 Move to the Tunable Laser ch...

Page 112: ... to 1570 nm λ0 represents the base wavelength λ0 in the equation above NOTE Note how the frequency offset f changes to zero when you press λ λ0 How to Change the Frequency Offset 8 Move to f and press Enter f represents the frequency offset df in the equation above 9 Enter 1 000 and press Enter The frequency offset f changes to 1 000 THz NOTE Note how the output wavelength λ changes as you change ...

Page 113: ... step for a stepped sweep Vsweep the speed of a continuous sweep Sweep mode see How to Perform a Sweep on page 114 Repeat mode see How to Set the Repeat Mode on page 113 NOTE For a Continuous sweep Step sets the wavelength interval between output triggers if you have set Output Trigger Mode to Step Finished see How to Use Output Triggering on page 126 How to Set the Repeat Mode The Repeat Mode det...

Page 114: ...t are separated by a certain step size Continuous which sweeps continually at the speed you set and Manual which you can run each step manually NOTE You cannot turn the laser off by pressing the Active hardkey on the Tunable Laser front panel while a wavelength sweep is running You can press Stop and then press the Active hardkey on the Tunable Laser front panel to turn off the laser How to Execut...

Page 115: ...y and press Enter 12 Move to Step and press Enter 13 Enter 1 000 and press Enter 14 Move to Dwell and press Enter 15 Enter 0 5000 and press Enter 16 Press the Active hardkey on the front panel of your Tunable Laser module to enable the optical output 17 Press Run Swp to start the sweep The screen in Figure 74 appears 18 The wavelength is swept automatically but you can a press Stop to end the swee...

Page 116: ...ilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition How to Execute a Continuous Sweep NOTE Continuous sweep mode is not available for the Agilent 81689A Tunable Laser module Figure 74 Executing a Stepped Sweep Figure 75 Pausing a Stepped Sweep ...

Page 117: ...by using the cursor key and press Enter 12 Move to Step and press Enter 13 Enter 1 000 and press Enter NOTE For a Continuous sweep Step sets the wavelength interval between output triggers if you have set Output Trigger Mode to Step Finished see How to Use Output Triggering on page 126 14 Press the Active hardkey on the front panel of your Tunable Laser module to enable the optical output 15 Press...

Page 118: ...rd or backward a wavelength or to end the sweep To perform a manual wavelength sweep over the range 1510 nm to 1570 nm three times sweeping two ways in 1 nm steps 1 Move to the Tunable Laser channel and press Details 2 Move to Sweep Mode and press Enter 3 Move to the Manual by using the cursor key and press Enter 4 Perform step 4 to step 13 on page 114 to set the sweep parameters 5 Press the Activ...

Page 119: ...ng the amplitude of the optical output Using the internal modulation and using external modulation How to Use the Internal Modulation The internal modulation is a square wave with a 50 duty cycle You can set both the amplitude and the frequency of this signal The amplitude is set by the power parameter This is the maximum output power of the output signal at the minimum output power no power is ou...

Page 120: ...0 press Enter How to Set the Modulation Mode 8 Move to the modulation source parameter Mod Src and press Enter 9 Move to Internal by using the cursor key and press Enter The text Int appears in the Tunable Laser channel How to Use External Modulation The following external modulation modes are available External Digital External Digital Modulation External Analog External Analog Modulation Wavel L...

Page 121: ...s 2 Move to Mod Src and press Enter 3 Move to External Digital by using the cursor key and press Enter The text ExtD appears in the Tunable Laser channel External Analog Modulation External analog modulation uses a signal of up to 5 Vpp A 5 Vpp signal causes 15 modulation of the power of the optical signal Apply this signal to the input BNC connector on the front panel of your Tunable Laser module...

Page 122: ... Tunable Laser module as shown in Figure 80 This enables you to fine tune the output wavelength within a limited wavelength range Wavelength locking may exhibit some hysteresis effects The wavelength change may differ slightly when you increase voltage from when you decrease voltage If you modulate the input signal the amplitude of the wavelength change of the modulated optical output reduces with...

Page 123: ...on page 120 CAUTION A maximum of 5 V can be applied as an external voltage to the Input Trigger connector see page 217 Take care not to use the Trigger Output connector or the Remote Interlock connector for modulation Do not apply an external voltage to these connectors NOTE If external digital modulation using the Input Trigger Connector Backplane is chosen as the modulation source Mod Src the Ag...

Page 124: ...d press Details 2 Move to Mod Src and press ENTER 3 Move to Coherence Ctrl Coherence Control to increase linewidth to approximately 500 MHz 4 Press Enter The text CC appears in the Tunable Laser channel How to Set the Output Power of a Modulated Signal All external modulation modes require you to set the output power To set the output power see How to Set the Output Power of a Modulated Signal on ...

Page 125: ...e 7 Press OK 8 Press Close to return to the overview or detail screen How to Use Triggers Some Tunable Laser modules allow you to trigger the instrument to perform tasks and to output trigger signals to external measurement instruments How to Use Input Triggering You can configure your Tunable Laser module to perform certain tasks when you apply a trigger to the Input Trigger Connector CAUTION A m...

Page 126: ...ill start a single sweep cycle 5 Press Enter You can generate input triggers in any of the following ways applying a trigger to the Input Trigger Connector on the rear panel of your instrument setting Trigger Configuration to Loopback so that an output trigger automatically generates an input trigger or using the TRIGger GPIB command see your mainframe s Programming Guide How to Use Output Trigger...

Page 127: ...tput trigger mode is disabled Modulation the output trigger connector outputs a TTL signal at the frequency of the internal modulation This signal is output whether the laser is switched on or off Step Finished a trigger is output after every step of a sweep finishes Sweep Finished a trigger is output after a sweep cycle finishes Sweep Started a trigger is output after a sweep cycle starts 5 Press...

Page 128: ...ove to Realign and press OK You will see the screen in Figure 83 3 Wait approximately 30 minutes This time depends on how much the wavelength of the instrument has drifted since the last Automatic Realignment was performed How to Perform a Wavelength Zero Performing a Wavelength Zero recalibrates the optical wavelength This wavelength may drift due to a change in temperature and other environmenta...

Page 129: ...o the Tunable Laser channel and press Menu 2 Move to λ Zeroing and press OK You will see the screen in Figure 84 3 Wait several minutes This time depends on how much the wavelength of the instrument has drifted since the last Wavelength Zero was performed NOTE The instrument automatically performs a Wavelength Zero if there is a 5 K temperature change since the last Wavelength Zero was performed F...

Page 130: ...Tunable Lasers How to Use Auxiliary Functions 130 Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition ...

Page 131: ...Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition 131 Return Loss Measurement ...

Page 132: ...e Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter or Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System to measure Return Loss Here you will find a quick explanation of the terms Return Loss and Insertion Loss a description of how to measure Return Loss and Insertion Loss using the HP 81534A Return Loss module and a detailed explanation of the background to Return Loss measurements using the HP 81534A Return Loss modu...

Page 133: ...light the component reflects It is a ratio of the power reflected by the device to the power incident on the device More normally we talk about the return loss of a component The return loss has units of dB Return loss is given by Return loss can be measured in several ways A description of the method used by the HP 81534A follows The method used requires the following equipment a Laser Source mod...

Page 134: ...bility We recommend that you use any of the following laser sources as part of your return loss measurement setup Agilent 83438A Erbium ASE Source this source offers a high power low coherence output that is very stable over time Laser Source modules see Accessories on page 223 for a list of modules that can be installed in your mainframe see the note below that explains use with highly coherent l...

Page 135: ...d Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System for the making of return loss measurements NOTE The Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System does not support the HP 81534A Return Loss Module NOTE We recommend that you choose an averaging time of 1 second or longer Press Menu move to Averaging Time move to your chosen averaging time and press Enter Calibrating a Reference Cable The return loss setu...

Page 136: ...gure 87 Connect the source to the HP 81534A Input Attach the high return loss connector of the patchcord to the Output The high return loss connector on these cables is the connector with the orange sleeve For best results and higher repeatability fix the cables Table 3 High Return Loss Patchcords Model No High Return Loss Patchcords Description Agilent 81102AC Diamond HMS 10 Agilent HRL Diamond H...

Page 137: ... should increase this to at least 1 s for return losses greater than 50 dB Longer averaging times give more accurate results but decrease the speed at which the instrument measures 4 Move to λ and set this parameter to the actual wavelength of the laser source 5 Enable the source Calibrating the Return Loss Module To measure insertion loss and the front panel delta see Calculating the Front Panel ...

Page 138: ...ve to FPDelta set the value to 0 000 and press Enter 9 Move to RLref and make sure that the displayed value is correct Set RLref to the value of the return loss of the reference reflection you are using For example if you are using the Agilent 81000BR reference reflector set RLref to 0 18 dB 10Move to Reflectance Calibration and press Enter The instrument measures the power reflected by the compon...

Page 139: ...me similar object with a diameter of around 5 mm 12 Press Menu Move to Terminated Calibration and press Enter The instrument measures the power reflected by the component The instrument measures and sets the termination parameter Measuring the Return Loss of the Reference Cable To measure insertion loss and the front panel delta you must measure the return loss of a reference cable The reference c...

Page 140: ...ference Cable for future use Calibrating the HP 81534A Return Loss Module using a Reference Cable Measuring the Reflection Reference using a Reference Cable 1 Attach the source to the HP 81534A Input as shown in Figure 93 Attach the high return loss connector of the reference cable to the Output The high return loss connector on these cables is the connector with the orange sleeve For best results...

Page 141: ...eference value Ref 10 Press Close to exit from the menu Measuring the Termination Parameter using a Reference Cable 11 Terminate the cable so that there are no reflections coming from the end You can do this by wrapping the fiber five times around the shaft of a screwdriver or some similar object with a diameter of around 5mm 12 Press Menu Move to Terminated Calibration and press Enter The instrum...

Page 142: ...o FPDelta enter the power value in dB and press Enter 15Press Close to exit from the menu Measuring the Return Loss The value shown in the result field is the return loss 16Attach the DUT In this example the DUT is a connector pair Terminate your system close to the DUT to make sure that you are only measuring reflections from the DUT It is not necessary to make new calibration measurements for ea...

Page 143: ... values used are either the most recently measured where these are available or default values If you are unsure of one or both of the calibration values you are using or if you have changed your measurement setup make the appropriate calibration measurements again 1 Press Menu Move to the Show Calibration menu item The Calibration Parameters Screen appears as displayed in Figure 99 The Calibratio...

Page 144: ...ment System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition Meas the power currently measured by the Return loss Module s internal power sensor in dB relative to 1 µW and AvgTime the averaging time NOTE We recommend that you choose an averaging time of 1 second or longer Figure 99 The Calibration Parameters Screen ...

Page 145: ... is component is called the reflection reference This measured power from the reflection reference is called PRef The following two components are recommended for use as a reflection reference a Reflection Reference Cable or the Agilent 81000BR Back Reflector NOTE Note you can only measure the Front Panel Delta if you use a Reflection Reference Cable The reflection factor for the component is call...

Page 146: ...ns Next terminate the cable so that there are no reflections from the end All the power measured by the sensor now is due to the non ideal nature of the measurement system This is our termination parameter This measured power for the termination parameter is called PT Measuring the Power Transmitted Through the Measurement Cable Connect the measurement cable the cable you will use to connect to th...

Page 147: ...rom the DUT This power is called PDUT Measuring the Power Transmitted Through the DUT Unterminate the DUT and connect the DUT to a Power Meter so that the power that is transmitted through the DUT can be measured This power is called Eil You can use Eil to calculate the insertion loss see Calculating the Insertion Loss of the DUT on page 151 Figure 103 Measuring the Power Transmitted Through the M...

Page 148: ...ly In other words when optical power is input at the Output port k2 times that power is output at the sensor port It is not necessary to know the value for these constants they can be eliminated later The constant s is a multiplier giving the scattering factor The scattering factor accounts for the directivity of the second coupler backscatter in the fiber and reflections of connectors The calibra...

Page 149: ... Delta is the change in loss variation that is caused by replacing the reference cable as used in Measuring the Reflection Reference using a Reference Cable on page 140 with the measurement cable as used in Measuring the Return Loss on page 142 This is caused by differences in reflections from the front panel connector and also differences in the backscatter level of the fibers To measure the fron...

Page 150: ...ansmitted Through the Reflection Reference on page 146 and in Measuring the Power Transmitted Through the Measurement Cable on page 146 respectively This gives the following two equations If we divide equation 11 by equation 12 this gives the following equation The loss variation L due to exchanging the reference cable for the measurement cable is given by When you enter a value for the Front Pane...

Page 151: ...Loss of the DUT Insertion Loss is explained in What is Insertion Loss on page 134 To measure the insertion loss you must measure the power transmitted through the measurement cable see Measuring the Power Transmitted Through the Measurement Cable on page 146 and the power transmitted through the DUT see Measuring the Power Transmitted Through the DUT on page 147 The equation below gives the insert...

Page 152: ... Measurement A Background to Return Loss Measurement with the HP 81534A 152 Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition ...

Page 153: ...Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition 153 Applications ...

Page 154: ...he Logging application because you may use auto ranging mode and the period time the time it takes from the start of one measurement period until another measurement period starts may be greater than or equal to the averaging time The PACT application coordinates a wavelength sweep using a Tunable Laser module and power measurement using Power Meters The Pmax Curve application displays the maximum...

Page 155: ...of seconds The symbol that is listed directly beneath these values displays the difference between A and B in seconds For the PACT application the wavelength values of A and B are displayed at the bottom of the screen in units of nanometers nm The symbol that is listed directly beneath these values displays the difference between A and B in nanometers nm The power values of C and D are displayed a...

Page 156: ...b is only available for the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System How to Zoom In To zoom in one level around the active marker 1 Press the Next softkey until you move to your chosen marker 2 Position the marker using the cursor key 3 Press the ZoomIn softkey to zoom in one level around the active marker In this way you can zoom in around the active marker and the zoom function is separate for...

Page 157: ... be accessed by pressing the Menu softkey and moving to Legend How to Identify Curves Legend numbers can be related to the curves they represent in the following ways For the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter the legend number is displayed at the same height as the first sample of the power measurement channel on the right hand side of the screen For the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measureemnt System...

Page 158: ...wing softkeys Move to the required character using the cursor keys and press the Select softkey to select to add the selected character to the end of the legend label Press the Delete softkey to delete the last character of the legend label Press the CapsLock softkey to toggle between upper and lower case characters Press the Cancel to reject the edited legend label and return to the menu Press th...

Page 159: ...th Edition 159 Line the curve will be displayed using a line that connects between each sample of the curve Samples the curve will be displayed using dots to represent each sample of the curve Depending on the zoom level you choose if these dots are very close to each other the curve will resemble a line Figure 110 Samples Display Line Figure 111 Samples Display Samples ...

Page 160: ...each sample of the curve and a line connecting each sample 2 Move to your selected option and press Enter 3 Press the Close softkey to return to the graph How to Read Curve Values You can lock markers A or B to a curve in order to move between individual samples In this way you can read the time wavelength and power values that relate to each sample and the difference between these values for mark...

Page 161: ...ghted 3 Use the cursor key to move to the legend number of the curve to which you want to lock marker A 4 Press Enter Marker B will be locked to the same curve as marker A if it was assigned to curve 0 immediately before that is it was unassigned immediately before 5 If you want to assign marker B to another curve press the B softkey use the cursor key to move to the legend number of the curve to ...

Page 162: ...Multichannel System Fourth Edition How to Lock Unlock Markers to Samples You can choose to lock the markers to samples that is the results that are returned are actual measurement results Figure 114 shows a graph where markers A and B are locked to samples If you press the cursor key the marker will move to another sample Figure 114 Lock to Samples On ...

Page 163: ...ll move along the curve NOTE You can only lock unlock markers to samples if you have already locked markers to the curve see How to Lock Markers to the Curve on page 161 To lock unlock markers to samples 1 Press the Menu softkey 2 Move to one of the following menu items Lock to Samples On to lock markers to samples or Lock to Samples Off to lock markers to the curve NOTE Only one of these menu ite...

Page 164: ...tion and AvgTime the averaging time is the length of time over which a signal is averaged Longer averaging times increase the accuracy and improve the noise rejection Longer averaging times also decrease sensitivity The total time for a logging application is the number of samples multiplied by the averaging time The Logging application differs from the The Stability Application on page 173 becaus...

Page 165: ... set up a logging function 1 Press the Appl hardkey The Applications menu as shown in Figure 117 appears 2 Move to Logging and press Enter The Agilent 8164A Logging Setup Screen as shown in Figure 118 or the Agilent 8163A Logging Modules Setup Screen as shown in Figure 119 appears depending on the mainframe instrument you are using Figure 117 The Application Menu Figure 118 The Agilent 8164A Loggi...

Page 166: ...and channel numbers see Slot and Channel Numbers on page 36 press Unset 5 To select a Power Meter channel press Edit move to the Power Meter as denoted by slot and channel numbers see Slot and Channel Numbers on page 36 press Set 6 Perform steps until you have selected the required Power Meters for your application and press Enter NOTE If no Power Meter channel is selected you cannot exit by press...

Page 167: ...n explanation of power units 9 Move to λ press Enter enter the wavelength value of your optical source and press Enter NOTE Make sure that you install Power Meters that have similar wavelength ranges The wavelength range of the application is the overlapping wavelength range of all installed Power Meters 10 Move to Range Mode press Enter move to one of the following range modes common you set the ...

Page 168: ...ference value using Ref see step 14 First Sample the first sample for each channel of the logging function is selected as the reference value for all subsequent measurements for that channel Channel 1 the value that Channel 1 measures is updated as the reference value for each set of power measurements thus each data value for channel 1 will be 0 dB and press Enter NOTE These settings only have an...

Page 169: ...gging Measurement screen Press Graph to view a graph of the Measurement results as the results are measured Press Close to return to the Logging Measurement screen See Working with Application Graphs on page 155 for information on zooming in and out Press Cancel to return to the Logging Setup screen without completing the logging application 19 When the logging application completes you hear a bee...

Page 170: ...annel System Fourth Edition Analysing a Logging Application You can access the Logging Analysis screen after the logging application completes by completing the following instructions 20You cannot access the Logging Analysis screen from the graph If you are viewing the graph press Close Figure 122 The Logging Measurement Screen Measurement Completed ...

Page 171: ...ure 124 for the Agilent 8163A Setting Analysis Parameters 22 To edit the power units used for the analysis move to W press Enter move to dBm W or dB and press Enter See What are the Power Units on page 72 for an explanation of power units 23 To edit the reference mode used for the analysis move to Ref Mode press Enter move to one of the following referencing modes Figure 123 The Agilent 8164A Logg...

Page 172: ...t See step 8 or step 22 24If you have chosen Value as the Ref Mode move to Ref press Enter enter a value for the reference and press Enter Viewing the Statistics for a Power Meter Channel 25If you are using the Agilent 8164A move to Stat Ch press Enter move to a Power Meter channel and press Enter If you are using the Agilent 8163A press More the screen in Figure 125 appears move to Stat Ch press ...

Page 173: ...able 4 Logging Application On Screen Messages Agilent 8163A Message Agilent 8164A Message Description OvR Overrange One of the Power Meter channels has reported an over range The over ranged value is clipped statistical data is invalid NoH No Head There is an Optical Head Interface module inserted in the mainframe that does not have an Optical Head connected to it No measurement is possible using ...

Page 174: ...wn in Figure 126 This can happen because the maximum number of power measurements multiplied by the averaging time is less than the total time or the averaging time is less than 100 ms The averaging time is equal to the period time all power measuremant are performed without any dwell time NOTE The total time concludes after the last dwell time period not after the last averaging time period The S...

Page 175: ...e to Stability and press Enter The Stability Setup Screen as shown in Figure 127 appears Selecting Deselecting Power Meters 2 Move to the Module Selection box As a default all Power Meters are selected this means that all Power Meters will log power measurements Press Edit Figure 127 The Agilent 8164A Stability Setup Screen Figure 128 The Agilent 8163A Stability Module Setup Screen ...

Page 176: ...ed the required Power Meters for your application and press Enter NOTE If no Power Meter channel is selected you cannot exit by pressing Enter Setting Power Meter Parameters NOTE If you are using the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter press Modules to access the Stability Setup Screen as shown in Figure 129 Not all parameters are available from the Stability Setup Screen 6 Press Menu to access the...

Page 177: ... Mode move to a range setting and press Enter If you have chosen individual as the Range Mode a screen displaying all the selected Power Meter channels and their corresponding range settings is displayed For each selected Power Meter channel press Enter move to a range setting and press Enter 12 Move to Ref Mode press Enter move to one of the following referencing modes Value you set a reference v...

Page 178: ...e between 1 and 4000 and press Enter Running a Stability Application 17You can run the stability application by pressing Measure The Stability Measurement screen as shown in Figure 130 appears A progress bar at the bottom of the screen shows the proportion of the stability application that has been completed 18There are two softkeys available from the Stability Measurement screen Press Graph to vi...

Page 179: ...pears momentarily If you are viewing the Stability Measurement Screen the available softkeys change as shown in Figure 130 Analysing a Stability Application You can access the Stability Analysis screen after the stability application completes by completing the following instructions 20 You cannot access the Stability Analysis screen from the graph If you are viewing the graph press Close Figure 1...

Page 180: ...gure 133 for the Agilent 8163A Setting Analysis Parameters 22To edit the power units used for the analysis move to W press Enter move to dBm W or dB and press Enter See What are the Power Units on page 72 for an explanation of power units 23To edit the reference mode used for the analysis move to Ref Mode press Enter move to one of the following referencing modes Figure 132 The Agilent 8164A Stabi...

Page 181: ... See step 7 or step 22 24 If you have chosen Value as the Ref Mode move to Ref press Enter enter a value for the reference and press Enter Viewing the Statistics for a Power Meter Channel 25 If you are using the Agilent 8164A move to Stat Ch press Enter move to a Power Meter channel and press Enter If you are using the Agilent 8163A press More the screen in Figure 134 appears move to Stat Ch press...

Page 182: ...Lightwave Measurement System Depending on the configuration of the system you use you can measure insertion loss single channel power measurement over wavelength All results can be displayed on the screen printed out to hardcopy or saved to disk drive of your Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Table 5 Stability Application On Screen Messages Agilent 8163A Message Agilent 8164A Message Desc...

Page 183: ...PACT and press Enter The PACT Setup Screen as shown in Figure 135 appears Selecting a Tunable Laser Module 5 Move to the Module Selection box As a default the Tunable Laser module with the lowest slot number is selected Move to Laser Selection Press Edit 6 To select a Tunable Laser module press Edit use the cursor key to move to your preferred Tunable Laser module as denoted by slot and channel nu...

Page 184: ...art press Enter enter the start wavelength of the sweep and press Enter 13Move to λ Stop press Enter enter the stop wavelength of the sweep and press Enter 14Move to Step press Enter enter the step size for the sweep and press Enter NOTE The step size defines the size of the change in the wavelength for each step of a stepped sweep and the wavelength interval between power measurements the first p...

Page 185: ...nter and move to one of the following Low the wavelength is swept once achieving a lower dynamic range but sweeping more quickly Medium the wavelength is swept twice achieving a medium dynamic range and medium speed and High the wavelength is swept once achieving a higher dynamic range but sweeping less quickly Press Enter 18 If your Tunable Laser module has two optical outputs perform the step be...

Page 186: ...n λ Stop and λ Start the parameters are automatically corrected to meet the constraints of PACT The PACT Reference Screen as shown in Figure 136 appears The number of samples that each Power Meter will record and the output laser power are displayed If Continuous was selected as the sweep Method the sweep speed V Sweep is displayed NOTE The application chooses the power P see step 15 for more info...

Page 187: ...s shown in Figure 138 appears A progress bar at the bottom of the screen shows the proportion of the stability application that has been completed The wavelength λ shows you the current wavelength of the Tunable Laser module 22 There are two softkeys available from the PACT Reference Measurement screen Press Graph to view a graph of the Measurement results as the results are measured Press Close t...

Page 188: ...tep 21 If you are viewing the PACT Reference Measurement Finished box reference sweeps have been performed for all selected Power Meters How to Perform a Loss Measurement 24To return to the Setup screen pressing Menu move to Setup and press Enter NOTE If you change any measurement parameters the reference measurement becomes invalid 25Connect the Tunable Laser module to the Power Meter channel thr...

Page 189: ...eep is displayed NOTE The application chooses the power P see step 15 for more information 26 There are two softkeys available from the PACT Measurement screen Press Graph to view a graph of the Measurement results as the results are measured Press Close to return to the PACT Reference Measurement screen See Working with Application Graphs on page 155 for information on zooming in and out Press Ca...

Page 190: ...4A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition sweep Figure 141 shows a graph with high dynamic range that is the result of a three sweeps that were combined using a stitching process Figure 140 Low Dynamic Range Figure 141 High Dynamic Range ...

Page 191: ... an hourglass appears momentarily If you are viewing the PACT Measurement Screen the available softkeys change as shown in Figure 142 Analysing a PACT Measurement You can access the PACT Analysis screen after the PACT Measurement completes by completing the following instructions 28 You cannot access the PACT Analysis screen from the graph If you are viewing the graph press Close Figure 142 The PA...

Page 192: ...e particular Power Meter channel for the sweep On Screen Messages The messages listed in the table below may appear at the top of the screen during the PACT application Figure 143 The PACT Analysis Screen Table 6 PACT Application On Screen Messages Agilent 8163A Message Agilent 8164A Message Description SLck SLock The Tunable Laser module is locked No measurement is possible until you unlock the m...

Page 193: ...e inserted in the mainframe that does not have an Optical Head connected to it No measurement is possible using this channel until you either reconnect an Optical Head or deselect this Optical Head channel as a power measurement channel NoD No Data No data has been measured or measurement is not yet fin ished You cannot access the Analysis Screen yet Printout and file operations are not yet possib...

Page 194: ... Graphs on page 155 for information on zooming in and out 4 Press Close to exit from the Pmax Curve application Recording Measurement Results Printing Application Measurement Results You can print application measurement results by completing the following instructions 1 Perform any of the following applications as described above The Logging Application on page 164 The Stability Application on pa...

Page 195: ...tion 195 3 Connect your printer to the instrument as described in How to Connect a Printer on page 67 4 Select the printer type as described in How to Select the Printer Type on page 59 5 Press Menu move to Print and press Enter The screen shown in Figure 145 appears NOTE If you want to cancel the print job press the Cancel softkey Figure 145 The Printing in Progress Screen ...

Page 196: ...Edition 6 The printed results should resemble the page shown in Figure 146 Saving Application Measurement Results to Diskette If you are using the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System you can save application measurement results to diskette by completing the following instructions 1 Perform any of the following applications as described above Figure 146 Printed Results ...

Page 197: ...te drive of your Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System 4 Press Menu 5 Move to one of the following options Save Ascii File the data will be saved in Ascii text format that can be opened by all text editors Save CSV File the data will be saved in CSV format that can be opened by Microsoft Excel 6 Press Enter The File Name Editor as shown in Figure 147 appears 7 If you wish to change the sugges...

Page 198: ...Applications Recording Measurement Results 198 Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition ...

Page 199: ...Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition 199 Installation and Maintenance ...

Page 200: ...annel System Fourth Edition This chapter provides installation instructions for the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter System Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System and the Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System It also includes information about initial inspection and damage claims preparation for use packaging storage and shipment ...

Page 201: ...e powered whenever the instrument is connected to the AC power source To disconnect from the line power disconnect the power cord either at the rear power inlet or at the AC line power source receptacle One of these must always be accessible If the instrument is in a cabinet it must be disconnected from the line power by the system s line power switch Initial Inspection Inspect the shipping contai...

Page 202: ...is 450 VA with all options installed Line Power Cable In accordance with international safety standards the instrument has a three wire power cable When connected to an appropriate AC power receptacle this cable earths the instrument cabinet CAUTION Please note that the power key on the front panel of the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System does not stop the flow of power to the instrument ...

Page 203: ...remove the power cable connector from the appliance coupler at the rear of the instrument For this reason the power cable connection should be easily accessible allowing you to turn off the power quickly If the instrument is in a cabinet it must be disconnected from the line power by the system s line power switch The type of power cable shipped with each instrument depends on the country of desti...

Page 204: ...tive conductor You can do this by using the power cord supplied with the instrument Do not interrupt the protective earth connection intentionally The following work must be carried out by a qualified electrician All local electrical codes must be strictly observed If the plug on the cable does not fit the power outlet or if the cable is to be attached to a terminal block cut the cable at the plug...

Page 205: ... you need to get the battery replaced refer to your nearest Agilent Technologies Sales Service Office Changing the Fuse There is no user replaceable fuse for the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter System Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System and the Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Changing the fuse should be carried out only by Agilent Technologies service personnel If you need to...

Page 206: ...n in the table below Humidity The operating humidity for the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System is 80 from 10 C to 35 C The operating humidity for the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter System and the Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System is up to 95 from 0 C to 45 C Storage and Shipment The instrument can be stored or shipped at temperatures between 40 C and 70 C The instrument shou...

Page 207: ...66A choose a location that provides at least 75 mm 3 inches of clearance at the rear and at least 25 mm 1 inch of clearance at each side Failure to provide adequate air clearance may result in excessive internal temperature reducing instrument reliability The instrument should not be operated when mounted on its rear or side panels Figure 154 Correct Operating Position of the 8163A Figure 155 Corr...

Page 208: ...n be stored in its operating position as shown in Figure 154 or on its back legs as shown in Figure 157 The back legs protect the connectors on the back panel from damage CAUTION Before positioning the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System on its back legs make sure that the instrument is in stand by mode see page 76 and disconnect all connections to the back panel Figure 156 Correct Operatin...

Page 209: ...em grip the strap at the side of the instrument as shown in Figure 158 WARNING If you need to lift the Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System ensure the following that you do not attempt to lift the instrument alone at least two people are needed to carry the instrument that your back is straight and you bend your legs rather than your spine Figure 157 Storing the Agilent 8164A on its Back Le...

Page 210: ... 8164A Lightwave Measurement System or the two module slots at the front of the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter System or the 17 module slots at the front of the Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Back loadable modules these tunable laser source modules fit in the large module slot at the rear of the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System How to Remove a Front Loadable Module CAUTI...

Page 211: ...he module at an unoccupied slot with the catch at the bottom front of the module 2 Insert the module into the slot and onto the tracks If the module does not slide in freely check that you have correctly positioned and correctly oriented it and that there is no obstruction to its movement 3 Apply pressure to the front panel and push the module as far as it goes You hear a small click when the modu...

Page 212: ...em Fourth Edition 1 Untighten the retaining screws see Figure 161 that secure the module in the instrument 2 Pull the module out of the mainframe using the handle being careful to keep the module completely flat Figure 161 Back Panel of Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Figure 162 Side View of a Back Loadable Module Retaining Screws Handle Retaining Screws ...

Page 213: ...mage the instrument and the module You should pull the module out along the direction shown by the arrow in Figure 163 How to Fit a Back Loadable Module CAUTION Disconnect all electrical and optical connectors before you fit this module into the instrument as this can cause damage to the connectors Figure 163 Removing a Back Loadable Module from the Agilent 8164A Untighten Retaining Screws Remove ...

Page 214: ...If the module does not slide freely check that you have correctly oriented it and that there is no obstruction to its movement CAUTION If you insert the module at an angle or vertically you may damage the instrument and the module You should insert the module along the direction shown by the arrow in Figure 164 3 Apply pressure to the handle and push the module as far as it goes You hear a small c...

Page 215: ...r interface to suit the optical connector that your optical fiber is terminated with 2 Connect the connector interface to the optical output connector of the module see Figure 165 3 You can now attach the optical connector to the connector interface Protecting Empty Module Slots Fitting a Blind Panel or Filler Module helps to prevent dust pollution and optimize cooling by guiding the air flow Fitt...

Page 216: ...aser module into the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System The Agilent 81645A Filler Module can be fitted in the same way as any back loadable module see How to Fit and Remove Modules on page 210 The Agilent 81645A Filler Module can be removed in the same way as any back loadable module see How to Remove a Back Loadable Module on page 211 Input and Output Connectors There are three BNC connec...

Page 217: ...A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition 217 There is one output BNC connectors the Trigger Output see Figure 167 or Figure 168 This is a TTL output Do not apply an external voltage to this connector Figure 167 Rear Panel of the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter System Figure 168 Rear Panel of the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System ...

Page 218: ... Lightwave Measurement System and Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System This is to protect the user from injury when using class IIIb laser sources The use of a Remote Interlock system is specified with class IIIb laser sources by CFR 1040 10 USA If the short circuit at this BNC connector is opened the laser is switched off immediately and cannot be switched on until it is closed again Setti...

Page 219: ...ed 20 meters The maximum cable length per device is 2 meters No more than 15 devices may be interconnected on one bus Cables and Adapters The GPIB connector is compatible with the connectors on the following cables and adapter GPIB Cable 10833A 1 m 3 3 ft GPIB Cable 10833B 2 m 6 6 ft GPIB Cable 10833C 4 m 13 2 ft GPIB Cable 10833D 0 5 m 1 6 ft GPIB Adapter 10834A 2 3 cm extender Use this adapter i...

Page 220: ... instrument s GPIB lines use standard TTL logic as follows True Low digital ground or 0 Vdc to 0 4 Vdc False High open or 2 5 Vdc to 5 Vdc All GPIB lines have LOW assertion states High states are held at 3 0 Vdc by pull ups within the instrument When a line functions as an input it requires approximately 3 2 mA to pull it low through a closure to digital ground When a line functions as an output i...

Page 221: ...r around all sides of the instrument to provide a firm cushion and prevent movement inside container Protect control panel with cardboard Seal shipping container securely Mark shipping container FRAGILE to encourage careful handling In any correspondence refer to instrument by model number and serial number Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Offices Any adjustment maintenance or repair of this...

Page 222: ...Installation and Maintenance Claims and Repackaging 222 Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition ...

Page 223: ...Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition 223 Accessories ...

Page 224: ...ystem Fourth Edition The Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System and the Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System are available in various configurations for the best possible match to the most common applications This appendix provides information on the available options and accessories ...

Page 225: ...meter Mainframe 0B2 Additional User s Guide 08164 91011 0BF Additional Programming Guide 08164 91016 ABJ Japanese User s Guide 08164 91511 ABF French User s Guide 08164 91211 AB2 Simplified Chinese China User s Guide 08164 91611 AB0 Traditional Chinese Taiwan User s Guide 08164 91711 AB1 Korean User s Guide 08164 91811 Power Sensor Modules Model No Description Agilent 81632A Sensor InGaAs 80 dBm A...

Page 226: ...dBm Agilent 81652A LD Module 1550 1625 nm 0 dBm Agilent 81654A LD Module 1310 1550 nm 0 dBm Agilent 81655A LD Module 1310 nm 13 dBm Agilent 81656A LD Module 1550 nm 13 dBm Agilent 81657A LD Module 1310 1550 nm 13 dBm Tunable Laser Source Module Model No Description Agilent 81689A Compact Tunable Laser for Multichannel Test Applica tions Product Opt Description Part Number Agilent 8164A Lightwave M...

Page 227: ...nable Laser for the Test of Optical Amplifiers and Pas sive Components Agilent 81689A Compact Tunable Laser for Multichannel Test Applica tions Agilent 81640A Tunable Laser for the Test of Critical Components in both dense WDM Bands Power Sensor Modules Model No Description Agilent 81632A Sensor InGaAs 80 dBm Agilent 81633A Power Sensor 90 dBm Agilent 81634A Power Sensor 110 dBm Agilent 81635A Dua...

Page 228: ...les have a built in optical attenuator as standard for Output 2 the High Power output A built in optical attenuator is not available for the Agilent 81689A Option 021 Agilent 81689A Standard single mode fiber for straight contact connectors Option 022 Agilent 81689A Standard single mode fiber for angled contact connectors Agilent 81624RM Head mount kit 2 heads Agilent 81625RM Head mount kit 4 head...

Page 229: ...HP 8153A Lightwave Multimeter Modules on page 231 It can only be used with the following modules Product Opt Description Part Number Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multimeter Mainframe 0B2 Additional User s Guide 08164 91011 0BF Additional Programming Guide 08164 91016 ABJ Japanese User s Guide 08164 91511 ABF French User s Guide 08164 91211 AB2 Simplified Chinese China User s Guide 08164 91611 AB0 Tradi...

Page 230: ...al Channel Interface Accessories for Optical Heads Model No Description Agilent 81624CE Head extension cable 4 m Agilent 81624DD D shape head adapter magnetic Agilent 81624RM Head mount kit 2 heads Agilent 81625RM Head mount kit 4 heads Fabry Perot Laser Diode Modules Model No Description Agilent 81650A LD Module 1310 nm 0 dBm Agilent 81651A LD Module 1550 nm 0 dBm Agilent 81652A LD Module 1550 16...

Page 231: ...50 to 1020 nm HP 81521B Ge 3 to 80 dBm 900 to 1700 nm Opt 001 0 003 dB polarization stability 3 to 64 dBm HP 81524A InGaAs 3 to 90 dBm 800 to 1650 nm HP 81525A InGaAs 27 to 70 dBm 800 to 1650 nm Optical Head Interface Modules Model No Description HP 81533A Optical Head Interface Module HP 81533B Optical Head Interface Module Power Sensor Modules Model No Description HP 81530A Si 3 to 100 dBm 450 t...

Page 232: ... adapters GPIB Cable 10833A 1 m 3 3 feet GPIB Cable 10833B 2 m 6 6 feet GPIB Cable 10833C 4 m 13 2 feet GPIB Cable 10833D 0 5 m 1 6 feet GPIB Adapter 10834A 2 3 cm extender Use this adapter if there is no space to connect your GPIB cable directly to a GPIB interface LED Source Modules Model No Description HP 81542MM 850 nm Multimode LED Source HP 81541MM 850 nm Multimode LED Source Return Loss Mod...

Page 233: ...Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition 233 Specifications ...

Page 234: ... standard as part of Agilent Technologies commitment to continually increasing customer satisfaction through improved quality control Specifications describe the instrument s warranted performance Supplementary performance characteristics describe the instrument s non warranted typical performance Because of the modular nature of the instrument the performance specifications apply to the modules r...

Page 235: ...rs 0 0001 dB dBm 0 01 pW to 10 pW depending on power range up to 6 5 digits user definable Compatibility The Agilent 8163A mainframe supports all HP 8153A Series and Agilent 8163A Series modules 1 Data Acquisitions Memory Selectable data averaging time Selectable total data averaging time 4000 measurement results channel depends on sensor module 20 ms to 23 59 59 h Trigger True synchronous on all ...

Page 236: ... The Agilent 8164A mainframe supports all HP 8153A Series and Agilent 8163A Series modules 1 Environmental Storage temperature Operating temperature Humidity 40 C to 70 C 10 C to 35 C 80 R H from 10 C to 35 C Power 100 to 240 Vrms 10 280 VA max Dimensions 145 mm 426 mm 545 mm 5 8 16 9 21 6 Weight net 20 kg 45 lb 23 kg 51 lb including modules GPIB interface Function code SH1 AH1 T6 L4 SR1 RL1 PP0 D...

Page 237: ...y Graphical display 190 300 points visible monochrome Display Resolution Power Meters 0 0001 dB dBm 0 01 pW to 10 pW depending on power range up to 6 5 digits user definable Compatibility The Agilent 8166A supports all supports all Agilent 8163A Series modules 1 Trigger True synchronous on all channels Environmental Storage temperature Operating temperature Humidity 40 C to 70 C 0 C to 45 C 95 R H...

Page 238: ...0 nm Laser Source Module Agilent 81652A 1550 1625 nm Laser Source Module Agilent 81653A 1650 nm Laser Source Module Agilent 81654A 1310 1550 nm Laser Source Module Agilent 81655A 1310 nm Laser Source Module Agilent 81656A 1550 nm Laser Source Module Agilent 81657A 1310 1550 nm Laser Source Module Agilent 81689A2 Compact Tunable Laser for Multichannel Test Applications Safety IEC 1010 1 1990 incl A...

Page 239: ...oltage Directive 73 23 EEC and the EMC Directive 89 336 EEC The product also conforms to other standards not listed here If further information on conformity is needed please contact the local Agilent Technologies Representative The product was tested in a typical configuration with Agilent systems Type test 1 The FDA Accession Number 9920431 00 2 The FDA Accession Number 9122175 06 Böblingen 29 A...

Page 240: ...rn Loss Module Agilent 81613A1 1310 1550 nm Return Loss Module Agilent 81614A1 1550 1625 nm Return Loss Module Agilent 81640A2 Tunable Laser Module Agilent 81650A 1310 nm Laser Source Module Agilent 81651A 1550 nm Laser Source Module Agilent 81652A 1550 1625 nm Laser Source Module Agilent 81653A 1650 nm Laser Source Module Agilent 81654A 1310 1550 nm Laser Source Module Agilent 81655A 1310 nm Lase...

Page 241: ...uct was tested in a typical configuration with Agilent systems Type test 1 The FDA Accession Number 9920431 00 2 The FDA Accession Number 9122175 06 EMC radiation EN 55011 1991 CISPR 11 1990 mod Group 1 Class B 1 EMC immunity EN 50082 1 1997 EN 61000 4 2 1995 ESD 4KV cd 8KV ad 4KV cp EN 61000 4 3 1995 Radiated Immunity 3 V m 80 ENV 50204 1995 Radiated Immunity 3 V m 50 Duty EN 61000 4 4 1995 Fast ...

Page 242: ...m Laser Source Module Agilent 81652A 1550 1625 nm Laser Source Module Agilent 81653A 1650 nm Laser Source Module Agilent 81654A 1310 1550 nm Laser Source Module Agilent 81655A 1310 nm Laser Source Module Agilent 81656A 1550 nm Laser Source Module Agilent 81657A 1310 1550 nm Laser Source Module Agilent 81689A2 Compact Tunable Laser for Multichannel Test Applications Safety IEC 1010 1 1990 incl A1 1...

Page 243: ...ltage Directive 73 23 EEC and the EMC Directive 89 336 EEC The product also conforms to other standards not listed here If further information on conformity is needed please contact your local Agilent Technologies Representative The product was tested in a typical configuration with Agilent systems Type test 1 The FDA Accession Number 9920431 00 2 The FDA Accession Number 9122175 06 Böblingen 29 A...

Page 244: ...Specifications Declaration of Conformity 244 Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition ...

Page 245: ...Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition 245 Performance Tests ...

Page 246: ...ichannel System comprises a power supply a CPU a hard disk drive and a display The Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System also has a floppy disk drive The complete characteristics to which the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System or the Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System is tested are given in Specifications on page 233 All tests can be per...

Page 247: ...54SM HP 81552SM HP 81553SM HP81554SM Agilent 81650A any other Agilent 8165x series Laser Source Power Sensor HP 81531A HP 81532A HP 81536A HP 81530A HP 81533B Interface Module plus HP 81524 Optical Head or HP 81521B or HP 81525A HP 81531A HP 81532A HP 81533A HP 81530A HP 81533B Interface Module plus HP 81524 Optical Head or HP 81521B or HP 81525A Agilent 81631A any other Agilent 8163x series Power...

Page 248: ...he Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System or the Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System can be tested Appendix C also lists some supplemental characteristics of the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System and the Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System and should be considered as additional information An...

Page 249: ...as booted Testing Hardkeys 3 Press Config You should see the Configuration menu 4 Press Aux You should hear a beep and the Configuration menu should disappear 5 Press Appl You should hear a beep 6 Press Help You should hear a beep 7 Press Preset the green hardkey An egg timer icon should be displayed while all parameters are set to their default values The Overview Screen showing all channels shou...

Page 250: ...ameter P of the Power Sensor module Testing the Softkeys and the ENTER Key 14Press Menu The menu should appear 15Press Close The menu should disappear 16Press Details The details screen should appear You should see the Cal Ref and Range parameters in addition to P and λ If you use the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System you will also see the Range Mode AvgTime and MinMax Mode parameters 17P...

Page 251: ...ess the following sequence 1 2 3 4 5 and 6 123 456 dB should be displayed as the Cal value 32 Press Enter twice to get access to the Cal field again 33 Using the number keys press the following sequence 1 2 7 8 and 9 10 789 dB should be displayed as the Cal value 34 Press several times The Cal field should toggle between 10 789 dB and 10 789 dB 35 Press Preset the green hardkey to return to the Ov...

Page 252: ...er source to a slot with an odd number and the power sensor to the following slot with an even number For the last test leave the source in slot 15 and move the power sensor to slot 17 14Connect the output of the laser source to the input of the power sensor 15Repeat step items 2 to 8 Test of the Tunable Laser Module Channel Slot 0 If you need to test a back loadable Tunable Laser module slot perf...

Page 253: ...ave Measurement System to the controller via the GPIB 2 Switch on the instrument and wait until it has booted 3 Send the IDN query to the instrument from the controller 4 Check that the lowest softkey is called Local This indicates that the instrument received the query 5 The reply from the instrument should be a string of the form HEWLETT PACKARD Model Number Serial Number Firmware Revision Numbe...

Page 254: ...Performance Tests Performance Test Instructions 254 Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition ...

Page 255: ...__ Line Frequency _________Hz Test Facility ________________________ Customer _______________________ Performed by ________________________ Report No _______________________ Special Notes ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ________________________________...

Page 256: ...____________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 9 ___________________________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 10 ___________________________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 11 ___________________________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 12 ___________________________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 13 ___________________________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 14 ______________...

Page 257: ..._____ Line Frequency _________Hz Test Facility ________________________ Customer _______________________ Performed by ________________________ Report No _______________________ Special Notes ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ _____________________________...

Page 258: ...______ 5 Tunable Laser Module ___________ ___________ ___________ 6 ___________________________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 7 ___________________________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 8 ___________________________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 9 ___________________________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 10 ___________________________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 11 ...

Page 259: ...f the Modify Knob ____________ ____________ Test of the Number Keys ____________ ____________ Module Interaction Test Check the appropriate function Test of Min Spec Result Max Spec Passed Failed Slot 1 and Slot 2 6 dBm ________ 6 dBm ____________ ____________ Slot 3 and Slot 4 6 dBm ________ 6 dBm ____________ ____________ Slot 0 Optional Using Agilent 81680A 16 dBm ________ 4 dBm ____________ __...

Page 260: ...Performance Tests Test Record 260 Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition ...

Page 261: ..._____ Line Frequency _________Hz Test Facility ________________________ Customer _______________________ Performed by ________________________ Report No _______________________ Special Notes ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ _____________________________...

Page 262: ...___ 5 ___________________________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 6 ___________________________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 7 ___________________________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 8 ___________________________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 9 ___________________________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 10 ___________________________ ___________ ___________ ___________...

Page 263: ...f Min Spec Result Max Spec Passed Failed Slot 1 and Slot 2 6 dBm ____________ 20 dBm ____________ ____________ Slot 3 and Slot 4 6 dBm ____________ 20 dBm ____________ ____________ Slot 5 and Slot 6 6 dBm ____________ 20 dBm ____________ ____________ Slot 7 and Slot 8 6 dBm ____________ 20 dBm ____________ ____________ Slot 9 and Slot 10 6 dBm ____________ 20 dBm ____________ ____________ Slot 11 ...

Page 264: ...Performance Tests Test Record 264 Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition ...

Page 265: ...Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition 265 Cleaning Instructions ...

Page 266: ...eaning Instructions for this Instrument The Cleaning Instructions apply to a number of different types of Optical Equipment Table 10 lists the sections that are relevant to the various modules that can be installed in this instrument Table 10 Cleaning Instructions for Modules Modules Instruction Optical Heads How to clean instruments with an optical glass plate on page 278 Laser Source Modules How...

Page 267: ...arts Do not attempt to clean internally Do not install parts or perform any unauthorized modification to optical devices Refer servicing only to qualified and authorized personnel Why is it important to clean optical devices In transmission links optical fiber cores are about 9 µm 0 00035 in diameter Dust and other particles however can range from tenths to hundredths of microns in diameter Their ...

Page 268: ...vers to protect the cable ends from damage or contamination We suggest these protected coverings should be kept on the equipment at all times except when your optical device is in use Be careful when replacing dust caps after use Do not press the bottom of the cap onto the fiber too hard as any dust in the cap can scratch or pollute your fiber surface If you need further dust caps please contact y...

Page 269: ... is advisable to rub gently over the surface using only a small circular movement Swabs should be used straight out of the packet and never used twice This is because dust and dirt in the atmosphere or from a first cleaning may collect on your swab and scratch the surface of your optical device Soft tissues These are available from most stores and distributors of medical and hygiene products such ...

Page 270: ...supplier It is essential that your compressed air is free of dust water and oil Only use clean dry air If not this can lead to filmy deposits or scratches on the surface of your connector This will reduce the performance of your transmission system When spraying compressed air hold the can upright If the can is held at a slant propellant could escape and dirty your optical device First spray into ...

Page 271: ...asonic bath as other solvents may damage Warm water and liquid soap Only use water if you are sure that there is no other way of cleaning your optical device without corrosion or damage Do not use hot water as this may cause mechanical stress which can damage your optical device Ensure that your liquid soap has no abrasive properties or perfume in it You should also avoid normal washing up liquid ...

Page 272: ...o a connector or an adapter make sure that the fiber end does not touch the outside of the mating connector or adapter Otherwise you will rub the fiber end against an unsuitable surface producing scratches and dirt deposits on the surface of your fiber Dust Caps and Shutter Caps Be careful when replacing dust caps after use Do not press the bottom of the cap onto the fiber as any dust in the cap c...

Page 273: ... air to blow away any remaining filament left by the swab Heavy dirt If the above procedure is not enough to clean your instrument follow one of the procedures below Please consult Cleaning Instructions for this Instrument on page 266 for the procedure relevant for this instrument If you are unsure of how sensitive your device is to cleaning please contact the manufacturer or your sales distributo...

Page 274: ...rn Dirt Use this procedure particularly when there is greasy dirt on the connector 1 Moisten a new cotton swab with isopropyl alcohol 2 Clean the connector by rubbing the cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 3 Take a new dry soft tissue and remove the alcohol dissolved sediment and dust by rubbing gently over the surface using a small circular movement 4 Blow away any remai...

Page 275: ...clean connector interfaces CAUTION Be careful when using pipe cleaners as the core and the bristles of the pipe cleaner are hard and can damage the interface Do not use pipe cleaners on optical head adapters as the hard core of normal pipe cleaners can damage the bottom of an adapter Preferred Procedure Use the following procedure on most occasions 1 Clean the interface by pushing and pulling a ne...

Page 276: ...an then dirty the surface of an inserted fiber Preferred Procedure Use the following procedure on most occasions 1 Blow away any dust or dirt with compressed air Procedure for Stubborn Dirt Use this procedure particularly when there is greasy dirt on the adapter 1 Clean the adapter by pushing and pulling a new dry pipe cleaner into the opening Rotate the pipe cleaner slowly as you do this CAUTION ...

Page 277: ...d dust 4 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air How to clean instruments with a fixed connector interface You should only clean instruments with a fixed connector interface when it is absolutely necessary This is because it is difficult to remove any used alcohol or filaments from the input of the optical block It is important therefore to keep dust caps on the equipment at all times exc...

Page 278: ...ur interface and to check whether it has been removed after cleaning you need a microscope WARNING Never look into an optical output because this can seriously damage your eyesight To assess the projection of the emitted light beam you can use an infrared sensor card Hold the card approximately 5 cm from the interface The invisible emitted light is project onto the card and becomes visible as a sm...

Page 279: ... the interface by rubbing a new dry cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 3 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air Procedure for Stubborn Dirt Use this procedure particularly when there is greasy dirt on the interface and using the procedure for light dirt is not sufficient Using isopropyl alcohol should be your last choice for recessed lens interfaces because of t...

Page 280: ...sopropyl alcohol Only use the ultrasonic bath if you are sure that it won t cause any damage anything to the device 1 Put the device into the bath for at least three minutes 2 Blow away any remaining liquid with compressed air If there are any streaks or drying stains on the surface repeat the cleaning procedure How to clean metal filters or attenuator gratings This kind of device is extremely fra...

Page 281: ...do this 1 Strip off the cladding 2 Take a new soft tissue and moisten it with isopropyl alcohol 3 Carefully clean the bare fiber with this tissue 4 Make your cleave and immediately insert the fiber into your bare fiber adapter in order to protect the surface from dirt How to clean large area lenses and mirrors Some mirrors as those from a monochromator are very soft and sensitive Therefore never t...

Page 282: ...mall circular movement 5 Blow away remaining lint with compressed air Alternative Procedure A To clean lenses that are extremely sensitive to mechanical stress or pressure you can also use an optical clean polymer film This procedure is time consuming but you avoid scratching or destroying the surface 1 Put the film on the surface and wait at least 30 minutes to make sure that the film has had eno...

Page 283: ...ble for cleaning optical devices like connectors interfaces lenses mirrors and so on To be absolutely certain that a cleaning paper is applicable please ask the salesperson or the manufacturer Immersion oil and other index matching compounds Do not use immersion oil or other index matching compounds with optical sensors equipped with recessed lenses They are liable to dirty the detector and impair...

Page 284: ...Cleaning Instructions Other Cleaning Hints 284 Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition ...

Page 285: ...Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition 285 Firmware Upgrades ...

Page 286: ...surement System Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition This chapter provides information about the firmware upgrade process for the Agilent 8163A Lightwave Multimeter the Agilent 8164A Lightwave Measurement System and the Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System ...

Page 287: ...strument New features may be available with new firmware revisions How to Get a Firmware Upgrade Receive a Support Disk with New Modules The latest edition of the Support Disk is shipped with all modules and mainframes The Support Disk is a compact disk that contains the latest revisions of the following software and utilities Firmware Upgrades for mainframes and modules the Agilent 816x VXIplug p...

Page 288: ...n CD ROM insert the CD ROM in the CD ROM drive of your personal computer and follow the procedure for your instrument as described below Figure 172 Firmware Upgrade Flow Chart You purchase your instrument with the the latest firmware revision preinstalled Information on getting firmware upgrades is contained in the User s Guide You receive Support Disk No No No Yes Yes Yes You download firmware up...

Page 289: ... and wait for the first beep Now you must be quick Press and hold the Preset hardkey Still holding Preset press and hold the Aux hardkey Still holding Preset and Aux press and hold the Appl hardkey TIP Use three fingers and place them near the keys in advance If you were successful you here a double beep and the display shows that the instrument is in download mode Otherwise turn off the power and...

Page 290: ...sful you here a double beep and the display shows that the instrument is in download mode Otherwise turn off the power and try again 9 Follow the instructions that appear on the screen 10Insert Disk_2 when requested to insert the disk containing the file firmware 2 11 After the programming finishes cycle the power The instrument will reboot with the new firmware Don t forget to remove DISK_2 Agile...

Page 291: ...ode Otherwise turn off the power and try again 9 Follow the instructions that appear on the screen 10 Insert Disk_2 when requested to insert the disk containing the file flash bin 11 After the programming finishes cycle the power The instrument will reboot with the new firmware Don t forget to remove DISK_2 NOTE The upgrade procedure above must only be executed with modules that already have firmw...

Page 292: ...ait for the first beep Now you must be quick Press and hold the Preset hardkey Still holding Preset press and hold the Aux hardkey Still holding Preset and Aux press and hold the Appl hardkey TIP Use three fingers and place them near the keys in advance If you were successful you here a double beep and the display shows that the instrument is in download mode Otherwise turn off the power and try a...

Page 293: ... 56 contrast 56 Foot Pedal 63 GPIB address 58 mainframe information 65 modules information 63 triggering 62 Connecting a Monitor 66 Contrast 56 Conventions 11 D dB 72 dBm 72 Default Password 35 61 Dual Wavelength Laser Sources 93 E Edit Parameters 46 accept new values 46 cancel softkey 49 Continuous 47 Discrete 48 outside range 49 selecting 46 set to default 49 F Firmware Revision mainframe 65 Foo...

Page 294: ... laser source 7 symbols 6 Sample Session 50 Slot Numbers 36 Specifications Agilent 8163A 235 Agilent 8164A 236 Agilent 8166A 237 Stability 173 Storage environment 205 T Temperature for operation and storage 206 Triggering configuration 62 tunable lasers 125 Triggers Laser Sources 98 Power Meters 88 Tunable Lasers analog output 109 atomatic realignment 128 attenuation 106 backplane modulation 123 B...

Page 295: ... Agilent 8166A Lightwave Multichannel System Fourth Edition 295 power meters 76 tunable lasers 110 Wavelength Sweep 112 continuous 116 manual sweep 118 performing a sweep 114 repeat mode 113 stepped 114 sweep parameters 113 Wavelength Zero 128 Z Zeroing Electrical Offsets 76 Zoom 156 ...

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