Yanmar 1GM10, Руководство по ремонту

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Chapter Two
Troubleshooting
Every internal combustion engine requires an uninter-
rupted supply of fuel, air, ignition and adequate compres-
sion. If any of these are lacking, the engine will not run.
Troubleshooting is a relatively simple matter if it is
done logically. The first step in any troubleshooting pro-
cedure is to define the symptoms as fully as possible and
then localize the problem. Subsequent steps involve test-
ing and analyzing those areas that could cause the symp-
toms. A haphazard approach may eventually solve the
problem, but it can be costly in terms of wasted time and
unnecessary parts replacement.
When all else fails, go back to basics-simple solutions
often solve complex-appearing problems.
Never assume anything. Do not overlook the obvious. If
the engine suddenly quits when running or refuses to start,
check the easiest and most accessible areas first. Make
sure there is fuel in the tank and that the wiring is properly
connected.
Be familiar with the engine compartment and engine
components so a quick visual check is possible. Learning
to recognize and describe symptoms accurately will make
repairs easier. If a technician is required, saying that it will
not run is not the same as saying that it quit at full throttle
and would not restart.
Identify as many symptoms as possible to aid in diagno-
sis. Note whether the engine lost power gradually or all at
once, what color smoke (if any) came from the exhaust,
etc.
After defining the symptoms, test and analyze those ar-
eas that could cause the Many problems can
be analyzed without expensive test equipment. A few
simple checks can keep a small problem from turning into
a large one. They can also avoid a large repair bill and
time lost while the boat sits in a shop's service depart-
ment.
On the other hand, be realistic and do not attempt re-
pairs beyond your abilities or with makeshift tools. Ma-
rine service departments also tend to charge heavily for
putting together a disassembled engine or other compo-
nents that may have been abused. Some shops will not
even accept such a job. Use common sense and do not get
in over your head or attempt a job without the proper
tools.
Proper lubrication, maintenance and periodic tune-ups
as described in Chapter Three will reduce the necessity for
troubleshooting. Even with the best care, however, every
marine engine is prone to problems that will eventually re-
quire troubleshooting.
If installing replacement parts, do not use automotive
parts. While marine components, such as starters and al-
ternators, may appear to be the same as automotive com-
ponents, they are not. Marine components have been
designed to withstand the unique requirements of marine