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Index

Accessories

documents, 1
optional, 2
power cords, 1
standard, 1

Amplitude, 27

modulation, 33
to change, 25

Analog mod in, 14
Analog mod out, 13
Arbitrary user waveforms, 30, 66
Arbitrary waveform

digital constellations, 45

ASK (amplitude shift keying), 45
AWGN (additive white Gaussian

noise), 51

Backlight, 20
Basic constellations

PSK, 48

Big-endian byte order, 58
Binary data, 57
BMP

save image of display as, 15

BNC, 15

Cable, 1
Cleaning procedures, 9
Connector

Analog mod in, 14
Analog mod out, 13
symbol clock, 13
Vector mod in I, 13
Vector mod in Q, 13
Vector mod out I, 13
Vector mod out Q, 13

Connectors

front panel, 11
rear panel, 13

QAM, 49
user, 67
VSB, 51

Controls, 10

interface, 15

CPM

Phase trellis diagram, 49

CPM (continuous phase

modulation), 48

Custom modulation presets, 30
Custom modulation setups, 30

Date

setting, 20

Differential encoding of

symbols, 52

Digital communication, 37
Digital constellations

ASK, 45
FSK, 46
PSK, 47

Display, 15

save a screen shot of, 15

Documentation, x

Tektronix part numbers, 1

Downloading

les

TSG File Assistant, 58

Error codes, 23
Error log, 36
Error messages, 15
Error vector magnitude, 44
Ethernet, 3, 20
Event outputs, 13
EXT, 15

External IQ modulation, 52

Factory default settings

preset, 24, 28

File Assistant, 58
Filter

les

accessing, 21

Filters, 40, 41

common pulse shaping, 41
Gaussian, 43
pulse shaping, 41
raised cosine, 41
root-raised cosine, 42
user, 69

Firewall

internet network security, 4

Firmware

upgrade, 22

Firmware upgrade, 6, 22
Flash, 58
Frequency, 27

modulation, 34
to change, 25

Front panel

buttons, 10
connectors, 11
controls, 10

FSK, 34

digital constellations, 46

FSK (frequency shift keying), 46
Functional check, 24

GMSK (Gaussian minimum shift

keying), 50

GPIB, 5, 14

TSG4100A Series RF Signal Generators User Manual

Содержание TSG4102A

Страница 1: ...xx TSG4100A Series RF Signal Generators ZZZ User Manual P071315002 071 3150 02...

Страница 2: ......

Страница 3: ...TSG4100A Series RF Signal Generators ZZZ User Manual xx Register now Click the following link to protect your product www tektronix com register www tek com 071 3150 02...

Страница 4: ...ued and pending Information in this publication supersedes that in all previously published material Specifications and price change privileges reserved TEKTRONIX and TEK are registered trademarks of...

Страница 5: ...h the USB port 6 Powering on the instrument 7 Powering off the instrument 7 Removing power from the instrument 7 Inspecting the instrument 8 Instrument maintenance 9 Operating basics 10 Front panel co...

Страница 6: ...Using the file Assistant utility software 58 Arbitrary user waveforms 66 User constellations 67 User filters 69 Reference 71 Phase noise and offset diagrams 71 Index ii TSG4100A Series RF Signal Gener...

Страница 7: ...after each symbol 54 Figure 12 Architecture for mapping digital symbols into IQ constellation points 67 Figure 13 QPSK 3 840Mcps 1 85 GHz 0dBm RMS EVM 1 7 72 Figure 14 Image 2 QPSK 3 840Mcps 1 85 GHz...

Страница 8: ...ts 29 Table 6 TSG4102A and 4104A FM modulation vs frequency 34 Table 7 TSG4106A FM modulation vs frequency 34 Table 8 Vector phase modulation waveforms 47 Table 9 PSK constellations 47 Table 10 PRBS g...

Страница 9: ...use always check the product with a known source to be sure it is operating correctly This product is not intended for detection of hazardous voltages Use personal protective equipment to prevent sho...

Страница 10: ...ry II III or IV circuits Do not operate without covers Do not operate this product with covers or panels removed or with the case open Hazardous voltage exposure is possible Avoid exposed circuitry Do...

Страница 11: ...ditional information required to safely perform service on the product Only qualified personnel should perform service procedures Read this Service safety summary and the General safety summary before...

Страница 12: ...duct DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you read the marking WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as you read the marking CAUTION indicates a hazard t...

Страница 13: ...ors provide waveform generation and support both analog standard and vector digital optional modulation The instruments use a new technique to provide spurious free outputs with low phase noise 113 dB...

Страница 14: ...ual The user manual contains information about how to navigate the instrument UI how to operate the instrument and information about signals This manual is available in printed form in English or Russ...

Страница 15: ...l and serial number To check for upgrades 1 Use your Web browser to go to www tektronix com software 2 Enter the product name for example TSG4104A to find available software upgrades Conventions used...

Страница 16: ...Preface xii TSG4100A Series RF Signal Generators User Manual...

Страница 17: ...ftware application that allows you to convert raw data of custom waveforms constellations and filters txt or csv files to tsw tsf and tsc files that are supported by the TSG This software is available...

Страница 18: ...ce verification test results Option L0 Printed User manual this manual English You can always download an English or Russian User manual from the Tektronix Web site at www tektronix com manuals Instru...

Страница 19: ...VM07 PDC modulation requires Option VM00 Option VM08 TETRA modulation requires Option VM00 Option VM10 Audio clip analog AM and FM requires Option VM00 Option EIQ External 200 MHz modulation bandwidth...

Страница 20: ...Telnet access is available on port 5024 The VXI 11 interface enables IEEE 488 2 GPIB like access to the unit over TCP IP It enables controlled reads and writes and the ability to generate service requ...

Страница 21: ...IB address The GPIB address must be from 0 to 30 7 Press the Enter button 8 Press the Return button three times to return to the main menu RS 232 interface The RS 232 interface connector is a standard...

Страница 22: ...version 2 Press the Utility button from the instrument main menu 3 Select System About 4 Look at the instrument display screen and verify that the firmware version shown is older than the firmware ver...

Страница 23: ...Installation Powering on the instrument Powering off the instrument Removing power from the instrument TSG4100A Series RF Signal Generators User Manual 7...

Страница 24: ...the front panel display when detected The errors detected are stored in the instrument error buffer and may be accessed through the error status menu after the self test completes See section Error C...

Страница 25: ...isplay surface Avoid scrubbing the display with excessive force Clean the display surface by gently rubbing the display with a clean room wipe If the display is very dirty moisten the wipe with distil...

Страница 26: ...g basics Front panel controls The following illustration shows the instrument front panel The table describes the controls and elements noted in the illustration Front panel 10 TSG4100A Series RF Sign...

Страница 27: ...submenu right arrow return to main menu left arrow or to adjust the underscore position when editing a parameter 5 Preset Press and hold to recall default setup 6 Setting Press to access the top menu...

Страница 28: ...is output is protected against externally applied voltages of up to 5 V 2 RF Output Type N output Active for frequency settings between 950 kHz and 2 GHz TSG4102A 950 kHz and 4 GHz TSG4104A and 950kHz...

Страница 29: ...f the event markers may be further programmed to control the RF power of the front panel output for the generation of TDMA signals Events are triggered on the rising edge of the symbol clock 4 VECTOR...

Страница 30: ...external reference and locks to it if possible If the unit is able to lock to the reference this is indicated on the front panel display 10 LAN The Ethernet uses a standard RJ 45 connector to connect...

Страница 31: ...t can be modified for the currently selected item You can modify a parameter by pressing the corresponding menu button and then using the arrow keys general knob and Enter key on the front panel 4 Men...

Страница 32: ...enter a value and the Enter key to make a selection When you are finished press the Enter key to set the parameter and then any menu item to deselect the parameter Menus The following menus are avail...

Страница 33: ...ype submenus Analog Vector Presets Constellation menu This is a Mod submenu It is available when the appropriate modulation type is active The items in this menu vary depending on the active modulatio...

Страница 34: ...The items in this menu vary depending on the active modulation type Filter menu This is a Mod submenu It is available when the appropriate modulation type is active The items in this menu vary depend...

Страница 35: ...Interface menu This is a Utility submenu RS232 menu and settings This is an I O Interface submenu GPIB menu and settings This is an I O Interface submenu This requires the instrument have the GPIB op...

Страница 36: ...submenu Allows you to set display backlight date time run a self test and remove private data Secure Secure setting This is a System menu action that allows you to remove private data Use the arrow k...

Страница 37: ...rea of the display when you select the file type You can load a file from the USB to location 0 on the instrument USB save a file Save To to location 1 through 9 delete a file Delete and delete all fi...

Страница 38: ...ettings area License Manage menu This is an About submenu It allows you to enter option software keys to activate options Firmware Update menu This is an About submenu It allows you to upgrade the fir...

Страница 39: ...trument is functioning correctly Turn on the instrument 1 Connect the supplied power cord to the rear panel power input and then to the AC mains power supply 100 to 240 VAC 10 2 Push the power button...

Страница 40: ...kHz Connect outputs to oscilloscope 1 Use appropriate cables to connect the front panel BNC and Type N outputs to an oscilloscope 2 Set the oscilloscope timebase to 50 ns div and vertical sensitivity...

Страница 41: ...he number keys and unit keys to set the amplitude parameter value and units as follows press the Ampt button press the desired number key press the desired unit key and then press the Setting button 3...

Страница 42: ...Connect the following to the oscilloscope I Q outputs symbol clock and event marker 1 8 Trigger the oscilloscope on event marker 1 and set the time div to 10 s The oscilloscope trace should look simil...

Страница 43: ...igher frequencies Amplitude Pressing the Ampt button allows you to adjust the output amplitude or power of the displayed output If an output is set below its minimum value it will be disabled This is...

Страница 44: ...TE More settings are available than are described in this manual Presets Presets allow you to load preconfigured setups The following presets types are available Preset button factory defaults preset...

Страница 45: ...rmal uplink burst 231 symbols long using normal training sequence 1 GSM One TDMA slot within one frame of random data using the vector modulation parameters of the Global System for Mobile communicati...

Страница 46: ...esired user number in the menu and then press the general knob Modulation sources The instrument s modulation capabilities include both internal and external modulation sources The modulating waveform...

Страница 47: ...internal source In pulse mode the modulation output is a 3 3 V logic signal which tracks the pulse waveform Example The following image shows the front panel BNC and Type N outputs for a pulse modulat...

Страница 48: ...with a 300 ns pulse width or a 30 duty cycle The output amplitudes were set to 2 VPP into 50 The top trace is the rear panel Modulation Output signal The middle trace is the BNC output The bottom trac...

Страница 49: ...MHz and a latency of about 950 ns The modulation output has a 50 source impedance to reverse terminate reflections from the user s load but the output should not be terminated into 50 Amplitude modul...

Страница 50: ...andwidths are similar However the deviation increases by a factor of two from 1 to 64 MHz for octaves 2 through 8 Table 6 TSG4102A and 4104A FM modulation vs frequency Frequency range Internal FM rate...

Страница 51: ...output traverses the specified deviation at the modulation rate For example with a frequency of 1000 MHz 1 GHz and modulation rate and deviation set to 10 kHz and 45 respectively the output will be a...

Страница 52: ...wer on self tests command parsing or command execution Errors that occur will show in red colored font in the right corner of the Status area of the display The errors in the buffer can be read one by...

Страница 53: ...ons the analog signal itself is used to modulate the RF directly In FM radio for example the amplified analog voice signal from the microphone is used to modulate the frequency of the RF carrier direc...

Страница 54: ...productive user experience PRBS data and simple patterns can be played back directly from the front panel Trade offs in filter bandwidth versus power efficiency can be explored from the front panel in...

Страница 55: ...he mapping from symbol to constellation point is completely arbitrary and at the discretion of the communications protocol designer Usually some form of Gray coding is utilized in order to minimize th...

Страница 56: ...equency components that would interfere with neighboring users Unfortunately they introduce a new problem in the time domain intersymbol interference ISI The problem can be understood by observing the...

Страница 57: ...y without interference Unfortunately transmissions that jump from symbol to symbol as quickly as possible invariably violate this rule Thus almost all communication protocols stipulate pulse shaping f...

Страница 58: ...ot showing the impulse response of adjacent symbols should make this clear The previous graphs show the impulse responses of adjacent symbols for a raised cosine filter with 0 3 Notice that the impuls...

Страница 59: ...h of the transmitted waveform to prevent adjacent channel interference The receiver s filter improves signal recovery by further filtering out noise in the communication s channel Finally the two filt...

Страница 60: ...ymbol is transmitted The trajectory can be characterized by a vector quantity which identifies the amplitude and phase of the RF at a given moment in time You can then evaluate the quality of a digita...

Страница 61: ...which digital symbols are encoded in the amplitude of the RF The phase is ignored ASK is implemented by only modulating the I channel and forcing the Q channel to zero Digital constellations The gener...

Страница 62: ...ector modulated in frequency with simple waveforms sine ramp triangle square noise and user waveforms Digital constellations The generators provide four default constellations for use with 1 bit 2 bit...

Страница 63: ...ld constant The bandwidth and RMS deviation of the noise may be configured IQ noise Degrades the RF output with IQ noise The bandwidth of the noise may be configured The noise power is equal to the RF...

Страница 64: ...the multiplexer switches between the oscillators both the frequency and the phase of the output change Continuous phase modulation in contrast guarantees that the phase will not suffer a discontinuous...

Страница 65: ...action the allowed phases will map onto a finite number of allowed phases For h 1 2 for instance there are only 4 allowed phases 0 2 and 3 2 Only 2 of the 4 phases are allowed at each transition howev...

Страница 66: ...rate Thus it is one of the most bandwidth efficient types of modulation GMSK further improves the bandwidth efficiency of MSK by replacing the rectangular filter with a Gaussian filter GMSK with a ba...

Страница 67: ...ion of a pilot tone to the modulation at the carrier frequency The pilot tone is located at the lower edge of the VSB spectrum The standard describes 2 versions of the modulation to be used for over t...

Страница 68: ...lock onto and track phase of the RF carrier for the entire transmission in order to successfully decode the transmitted message Differential encoding of digital symbols enables the use of noncoherent...

Страница 69: ...ters Offset modulation addresses this problem by modifying the modulation to prevent a transition through the origin See Figure 9 Figure 9 Offset modulation prevents transitions through the origin In...

Страница 70: ...to prevent transitions through the origin In this case the basic constellation is that of 8 PSK except that the constellation rotates by 67 5 or 3 8 radians after each symbol transmission A version o...

Страница 71: ...enerated with linear feedback shift registers The following table shows the generating polynomials for each PRBS pattern The output of the PRBS generator is inverted so that the all ones state is excl...

Страница 72: ...he frequency or bandwidth of the selected waveform Modulation deviation scale factor For FSK or CPM modulations the modulation deviation identifies either the peak deviation or the modulation index of...

Страница 73: ...e types to the generator when it is connected to the Ethernet through a LAN connection See page 58 Using the file Assistant utility software The ARBITRARY BLOCK PROGRAM DATA message element has the fo...

Страница 74: ...SRAM and flash for storage of arbitrary waveforms constellations and filters SRAM is volatile memory that is lost when power is removed from the instrument Flash is nonvolatile memory that is retained...

Страница 75: ...filters 3 Enter TSG File Assistant in the search field 4 When the search results appear select TSG4k File Assistant and follow the instructions to download and install the software TSG4100A Series RF...

Страница 76: ...k the IDN button The instrument name will appear in the Message field 4 Do one of the following If you selected the GPIB interface enter the GPIB address in the GPIB Address field and then click Conne...

Страница 77: ...with that User Number In the image of the generator display below the Empty field next to the 0 would disappear 7 Click the Load File and Send button 8 Select the tsw tsf or tsc file you want to save...

Страница 78: ...ee the instrument you want in the Resource List select IP Address enter the IP address and then click Connect 5 Select File from the TSG File Assistant menu bar 6 Do the following depending on the typ...

Страница 79: ...ile button to open the txt file containing the constellation data NOTE The raw data format should include number pairs that define a point Points should be listed one per line as shown in the image be...

Страница 80: ...edit the data in the new filter window Vector waveform To create a new vector waveform file do the following a Select New Vector Waveform from the File menu b Select Symbol or IQ Data c Click the Load...

Страница 81: ...n the new waveform window 7 To send or save the new file do one of the following To send the new file to the generator select Instrument Send To and select the desired User number This number will det...

Страница 82: ...he former is much more efficient than the latter and is the preferred choice if possible In both cases data is transmitted in 16 bit chunks with the following command WRTW i j arb data Parameter i is...

Страница 83: ...Assistant utility software to download supported file types of user constellations to the generator when it is connected to the Ethernet through a LAN connection See page 58 Using the file Assistant u...

Страница 84: ...different constellations For each user constellation two parameters must be declared bits symbol and whether the I and Q points in the constellation are to be staggered or not Most constellations do n...

Страница 85: ...onstellation WRTC 2 0 42560 5A 82 5A 82 A5 7E 5A 82 5A 82 A5 7E A5 7E A5 7E NL The first parameter indicates this is a 2 bit constellation The second parameter indicates that the IQ values are not sta...

Страница 86: ...e sampling with simple linear interpolation in a Farrow filter structure Internally filter coefficients are stored with 17 bits of precision but transmitted with 16 bits of precision along with a glob...

Страница 87: ...Reference Reference Phase noise and offset diagrams TSG4100A Series RF Signal Generators User Manual 71...

Страница 88: ...Reference Figure 13 QPSK 3 840Mcps 1 85 GHz 0dBm RMS EVM 1 7 72 TSG4100A Series RF Signal Generators User Manual...

Страница 89: ...Reference Figure 14 Image 2 QPSK 3 840Mcps 1 85 GHz 0dBm RMS EVM 1 7 TSG4100A Series RF Signal Generators User Manual 73...

Страница 90: ...Reference Figure 15 Option VM03 W CDMA QPSK 3 840Mcps 2 1425GHz 0dBm RMS EVM 1 7 74 TSG4100A Series RF Signal Generators User Manual...

Страница 91: ...Reference Figure 16 Image 2 Option VM03 W CDMA QPSK 3 840Mcps 2 1425GHz 0dBm RMS EVM 1 7 TSG4100A Series RF Signal Generators User Manual 75...

Страница 92: ...Reference Figure 17 Option VM04 APCO 25 4FSK C4FM 4 8KS s 850MHz 0dBm Freq Err 0 5 76 TSG4100A Series RF Signal Generators User Manual...

Страница 93: ...Reference Figure 18 Option VM05 DECT 2FSK1 152Mbps 1 925GHz 0dBm RMS FSK Err 1 5 TSG4100A Series RF Signal Generators User Manual 77...

Страница 94: ...Reference Figure 19 Option VM06 NADC 4 DQPSK 24 3KS s 875MHz 0dBm RMS EVM 0 3 78 TSG4100A Series RF Signal Generators User Manual...

Страница 95: ...Reference Figure 20 Option VM07 PDC 4 DQPSK 21KS s 800MHz 0dBm RMS EVM 0 6 TSG4100A Series RF Signal Generators User Manual 79...

Страница 96: ...Reference Figure 21 Option VM08 TETRA 4 DQPSK 18KS s 420MHz 0dBm RMS EVM 0 7 80 TSG4100A Series RF Signal Generators User Manual...

Страница 97: ...modulation presets 30 Custom modulation setups 30 D Date setting 20 Differential encoding of symbols 52 Digital communication 37 Digital constellations ASK 45 FSK 46 PSK 47 Display 15 save a screen s...

Страница 98: ...Utility 18 vector modulation type 17 Mod button 28 Modulation amplitude 33 arbitrary user waveforms 30 available presets 17 custom user presets 30 frequency 34 linear 30 linear noise 31 outputs 33 Pha...

Страница 99: ...Screen shots how to save 15 Secure removing private data 20 Security network 4 Self test 8 Self Test 20 Serial number 22 Settings 15 Setup files accessing 21 Software options 3 TSG File Assistant 1 5...

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