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2.0 MIG/MAG Operating Manual

BOC Smootharc 180 Multiprocess operating manual

2.1 Introduction to Metal Inert Gas (MIG)

& Metal Active Gas (MAG)

MIG/MAG welding embraces a group of arc welding processes in which

a continuous electrode (the wire) is fed by powered feed rolls (wire

feeder) into the weld pool. An electric arc is created between the tip of

the wire and the weld pool. The wire is progressively melted at the same

speed at which it is being fed and forms part of the weld pool. Both the

arc and the weld pool are protected from atmospheric contamination by

a shield of inert (non-reactive) gas, which is delivered through a nozzle

that is concentric with the welding wire guide tube.

Operation

MIG/MAG welding is usually carried out with a handheld torch as a semi-

automatic process. The MIG/MAG process can be suited to a variety of

job requirements by choosing the correct shielding gas, electrode (wire)

size and welding parameters. Welding parameters include the voltage,

travel speed, arc (stick-out) length and wire feed rate. The arc voltage

and wire feed rate will determine the filler metal transfer method.
This application combines the advantages of continuity, speed,

comparative freedom from distortion and the reliability of automatic

welding with the versatility and control of manual welding. The process

is also suitable for mechanised set-ups, and its use in this respect

is increasing.
MIG/MAG welding can be carried out using solid wire, flux cored, or a

copper-coated solid wire electrode. The shielding gas or gas mixture may

consist of the following:

• Argon (MIG)
• Carbon dioxide (MAG)
• Argon and carbon dioxide mixtures (MAG)

• Argon with oxygen mixtures (MAG)
• Argon with helium mixtures (MIG)

Each gas or gas mixture has specific advantages and limitations. Other

forms of MIG/MAG welding include using a flux-cored continuous

electrode and carbon dioxide shielding gas, or using self-shielding flux-

cored wire, requiring no shielding.

2.2 Introduction to Flux Cored

Arc Welding (FCAW)

How it Works

Flux-cored arc welding (FCAW) uses the heat generated by a DC electric

arc to fuse the metal in the joint area, the arc being struck between a

continuously fed consumable filler wire and the workpiece, melting both

the filler wire and the workpiece in the immediate vicinity. The entire arc

area is covered by a shielding gas, which protects the molten weld pool

from the atmosphere.
FCAW is a variant of the MIG/MAG process and while there are many

common features between the two processes, there are also several

fundamental differences.
As with MIG/MAG, direct current power sources with constant voltage

output characteristics are normally employed to supply the welding

current. With flux-cored wires the terminal that the filler wire is

connected to depends on the specific product being used, some wires

running electrode positive, others running electrode negative. The work

return is then connected to the opposite terminal. It has also been found

that the output characteristics of the power source can have an effect on

the quality of the welds produced.

Typical MIG/MAG set up

Torch trigger

Welding wire
Weld

Weld pool

Torch

Shroud
Gas diffuser
Contact tip
Shielding

Droplets

Содержание 180 Multiprocess

Страница 1: ...180 Multiprocess Operating manual 6PRRWKDUF GYDQF GYDQF ...

Страница 2: ...r correcting any error or omission which may become apparent after the document has been issued Neither BOC nor any of its agents has independently verified the accuracy of the information contained in this document The information in this document is commercial in confidence and is not to be reproduced The recipient acknowledges and agrees that it must make its own independent investigation and s...

Страница 3: ...ine 25 4 3 Welding Technique 26 4 4 Electrode Selection 26 4 5 Types of Joints 28 4 6 Fillet Welds 30 4 7 Typical Defects Due to Faulty Technique 32 5 0 General Welding Information 34 5 1 Recommended Welding Parameters for MIG MAG 34 6 0 Correct Application Techniques 35 7 0 Package Contents 37 8 0 Installation 38 8 1 Installation for MIG MAG process 38 8 2 Installation for MIG MAG set up with OPT...

Страница 4: ... primary terminals and live parts effectively covered Never strike an arc on any gas cylinder Never use oxygen for venting containers Diagram and safety explanation Electrical safety alert Welding electrode causing electric shock Fumes and gases coming from welding process Welding arc rays Read instruction manual Become trained Wear dry insulated gloves Insulate yourself from work and ground Disco...

Страница 5: ... have enough ventilation in confined spaces Be alert to this at all times Keep your head out of the fumes rising from the arc Fumes from the welding of some metals could have an adverse effect on your health Don t breathe them in If you are welding on material such as stainless steel nickel nickel alloys or galvanised steel further precautions are necessary Wear a respirator when natural or forced...

Страница 6: ...ed in transit Before operating a cylinder valve Ensure that the system you are connecting the cylinder into is suitable for the gas and pressure involved Ensure that any accessories such as hoses attached to the cylinder valve or the system being connected to are securely connected A hose for example can potentially flail around dangerously if it is accidentally pressurised when not restrained at ...

Страница 7: ...sonnel approved by BOC should perform repairs Always disconnect mains power before investigating equipment malfunctions Parts that are broken damaged missing or worn should be replaced immediately Equipment should be cleaned periodically BOC stock a huge range of personal protective equipment This combined with BOC s extensive Gas and Gear network ensures fast reliable service throughout the South...

Страница 8: ...ire electrode The shielding gas or gas mixture may consist of the following Argon MIG Carbon dioxide MAG Argon and carbon dioxide mixtures MAG Argon with oxygen mixtures MAG Argon with helium mixtures MIG Each gas or gas mixture has specific advantages and limitations Other forms of MIG MAG welding include using a flux cored continuous electrode and carbon dioxide shielding gas or using self shiel...

Страница 9: ... electrical resistance within the flux cored wire is higher than with solid MIG MAG wires and it is this higher electrical resistance that gives this type of wire some of its novel operating properties One often quoted property of fluxed cored wires are their higher deposition rates than solid MIG MAG wires What is often not explained is how they deliver these higher values and whether these can b...

Страница 10: ...er an extension nozzle is often used to support and direct the long electrode extensions that are needed to obtain high deposition rates 2 3 Introduction to Metal Cored Arc Welding MCAW How it Works Metal cored arc welding MCAW uses the heat generated by a DC electric arc to fuse metal in the joint area the arc being struck between a continuously fed consumable filler wire and the workpiece meltin...

Страница 11: ... to those obtained in MIG MAG welding but here the mode of transfer is heavily dependent on the composition of the flux fill as well as on current and voltage The most common modes of transfer in FCAW are Dip transfer Globular transfer Spray transfer Pulsed arc transfer operation has been applied to flux cored wires but as yet is not widely used because the other transfer modes are giving users wh...

Страница 12: ... normally be used for positional welding The main exception is aluminium and its alloys where primarily because of its low density and high thermal conductivity spray transfer in position can be carried out The current flows continuously because of the high voltage maintaining a long arc and short circuiting cannot take place It occurs best with argon based gases In solid wire MIG MAG as the curre...

Страница 13: ...polarity on the power source 4 Selection of the correct shielding gas 5 Selection of the correct application techniques a Correct angle of electrode to work b Correct electrical stickout c Correct travel speed 6 Selection of the welding preparation Selection of Correct Consumable Chemical composition As a general rule the selection of a wire is straightforward in that it is only a matter of select...

Страница 14: ...rect Polarity on the Power Source Many power sources are fitted with an optional reverse polarity dinse connector To achieve the optimum welding it is important to adhere to the consumable manufacturer s instruction to select the polarity As a general rule all solid and metal cored wires are welded on electrode positive Work return lead fitted to the negative connector Some grades of self shielded...

Страница 15: ...for compensation by office workers On all machines a special function called 2T and 4T is available Also referred to as trigger latching this special feature allows the operator to relax the trigger after first depressing it the gas shielding to start before the welding commences This feature is of particular importance as it ensures that the weld will have adequate gas shielding to eliminate the ...

Страница 16: ...alternating current power sources with constant current output characteristics are normally employed to supply the welding current For DC operation the tungsten may be connected to either output terminal but is most often connected to the negative pole The output characteristics of the power source can have an effect on the quality of the welds produced Shielding gas is directed into the arc area ...

Страница 17: ...ly for welding Carbon steels Stainless steels Copper alloys The increased amperage provides Deeper penetration Increased welding speed A narrower deeper weld bead DCEP Wide bead shallow penetration Nozzle Ions Electrons The DCEP reverse polarity are different from the DCEN in following ways High heat is produced on the electrode rather on the base metal The heat melts the tungsten electrode tip Th...

Страница 18: ...agnesium alloys Argon Used with continuous high frequency AC Good arc stability Good cleaning action Stainless steel Argon Good penetration Good arc stability Helium Deeper penetration Titanium Argon Stable arc Helium High speed welding 3 5 Welding wire selection The following table includes the recommended welding consumable for the most commonly welded materials Base material BOC Consumable C Mn...

Страница 19: ...starts Good stability Mild Steels Carbon Steels Alloy Steels Stainless Steels and Titanium alloys All General purpose DCSP 2 Thoriated EW Th2 75 Argon 25 Helium Best stability at medium currents Good arc starts Medium tendency to spit Medium erosion rate 2 Ceriated EW Ce2 75 Argon 25 Helium Low erosion rate Wide current range AC or DC No spitting Consistent arc starts Good stability 2 Lanthanated ...

Страница 20: ...ed ceriated and lanthanated tungsten electrodes do not ball as readily as pure or zirconiated tungsten electrodes and as such are typically used for DCSP welding These electrodes maintain a ground tip shape much better than the pure tungsten electrodes If used on AC thoriated and lanthanated electrodes often spit Regardless of the electrode tip geometry selected it is important that a consistent t...

Страница 21: ...ace This is the same as holding the torch 15 30 from the vertical Take special note that the rod is in the shielding gas during the welding process 3 8 Torch movement during welding Tungsten Without Filler Rod Tungsten With Filler Rod 75 75 15 Welding direction Form pool Welding direction Form pool 75 75 15 Tilt torch 75 75 15 Tilt torch 75 75 15 Move torch to front of pool Repeat 75 75 15 Add fil...

Страница 22: ...5 75 Corner Joint 15 75 90 20 40 30 15 75 90 20 70 20 10 15 75 15 75 90 20 40 15 75 90 20 70 20 10 15 75 90 20 40 30 90 20 10 Lap Joint 90 20 40 30 20 10 15 75 90 20 40 30 15 75 90 20 70 20 10 15 75 15 75 90 20 40 30 15 75 90 20 70 20 10 15 75 3 9 Positioning torch tungsten for various weld joints 22 BOC Smootharc 180 Multiprocess operating manual ...

Страница 23: ... 40 1 5 3 50 50 15 40 20 6 15 r s 2 s 2 3 0 S 2 3 0 3 4 12 2 1 1 5 3 6 20 50 2 3 5 1 3 20 10 60 2 3 5 5 16 10 2 8 40 1 5 3 50 50 15 40 3 20 6 3 15 r s 2 s 2 3 0 S 2 3 0 3 4 12 2 1 1 5 3 6 20 50 2 3 5 1 3 20 10 60 2 3 5 5 16 10 2 8 40 1 5 3 50 50 15 40 3 20 6 3 15 r s 2 s 2 3 0 S 2 3 0 3 4 12 2 1 1 5 3 6 20 50 2 3 5 1 3 20 10 60 2 3 5 5 16 10 2 8 40 1 5 3 50 50 15 40 3 20 6 3 15 r s 2 s 2 3 0 S 2 3...

Страница 24: ...angle Loss of gas coverage Angular mis alignment Unsymmetrical bead profile Mis alignment Incomplete penetration Filler rod removed from gas shield Tungsten inclusions Tungsten inclusions Electrode contact with the weld pool Rod movement Oxides Air 24 BOC Smootharc 180 Multiprocess operating manual ...

Страница 25: ... the number of cycles completed per second The standard frequency of the AC supply in Australia is 50 Hz Hertz 4 2 Welding Machine The most important consideration when contemplating the use of arc welding for the first time is the purchase of a suitable welding machine BOC supplies a popular range of arc welding machines Machines range from small portable welders that operate from standard 240 Vo...

Страница 26: ...ttractive electrode of its class Continuous development and improvement of BOC Smootharc 13 has provided in built operating qualities which appeals to the beginner and experienced operator alike For further recommendations on the selection of electrodes for specific applications see table page 27 Electrodes and Typical Applications Name AWS Class Application BOC Smootharc 13 E6013 A premium qualit...

Страница 27: ...eing used When using machines with adjustable current set on the current range specified The limits of this range should not normally be exceeded The following table shows the current ranges generally recommended for BOC Smootharc 13 Generally Recommended Current Range for BOC Smootharc 13 Size of Electrode mm Current Range Amp 2 5 60 95 3 2 110 130 4 0 140 165 5 0 170 260 Arc Length To start the ...

Страница 28: ...ribes the various joint types and areas of application 4 5 Types of Joints Butt Welds A butt weld is a weld made between two plates so as to give continuity of section Close attention must be paid to detail in a butt weld to ensure that the maximum strength of the weld is developed Failure to properly prepare the edges may lead to the production of faulty welds as correct manipulation of the elect...

Страница 29: ... butt weld should be deposited with an electrode not larger than 4 0 mm The angle of the electrode for the various runs in a butt weld is shown It is necessary to maintain the root gap by tacking at intervals or by other means as it will tend to close during welding All single V single U and square butt welds should have a backing run deposited on the underside of the joint otherwise 50 may be ded...

Страница 30: ...he joints of tanks or other fabrications where corrosion is likely to occur behind the lapped plates In applying fillet welds to lapped joints it is important that the amount of overlap of the plates be not less than five times the thickness of the thinner part Where it is required to preserve the outside face or contour of a structure one plate may be joggled Corner Joints The members are fitted ...

Страница 31: ...oat Thickness mm Plate Thickness mm Electrode Size mm 5 0 3 5 5 0 6 3 3 2 6 3 4 5 6 3 12 4 0 8 0 5 5 8 0 12 over 4 0 10 0 7 0 10 over 4 0 Selection of welding current is important If it is too high the weld surface will be flattened and undercut accompanied by excessive spatter is likely to occur Alternatively a current which is too low will produce a rounded narrow bead with poor penetration at t...

Страница 32: ...results High current will cause undercutting and bad shape of the weld while low current will cause slag inclusions To produce a weld having good penetration and of good profile a short arc length is necessary Angle of electrode for overhead fillets is illustrated above 4 7 Typical Defects Due to Faulty Technique Manual metal arc welding like other welding processes has welding procedure problems ...

Страница 33: ...ented by choosing the proper welding current for the type and size of electrode and the welding position holding the arc as short as possible pausing at each side of the weld bead when a weaving technique is used using a travel speed slow enough so that the weld metal can completely fill all of the melted out areas of the base metal Lack of Fusion LACK OF FUSION Lack of fusion is when the weld met...

Страница 34: ...0 80 150 160 180 Voltage volts 14 16 16 17 16 18 16 18 23 25 Wire feed speed m min 3 5 5 0 4 0 7 0 4 0 7 0 4 0 7 0 7 5 9 0 Gas rate flow L min 15 15 15 15 15 Travel speed mm min 350 500 350 500 320 500 280 450 800 1000 Stainshield Aus or Stainshield Light NZ Indicative Welding Parameters Dip Transfer Material thickness mm 4 6 8 Welding position Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Ve...

Страница 35: ...rcement 10 Torch positioned at a drag angle of 10 narrow bead with excessive reinforcement Flux cored welding with cored wires takes place normally with the drag technique The welding torch is tilted at an angle of 10 away from the direction of welding For all other applications the torch angle remains the same 90 90 0 15 Torch position for butt welds When welding butt welds the torch should be po...

Страница 36: ...an increase in the electrical resistance The resultant increase in temperature has a positive influence in the melt off rate of the wire that will have an influence on the weldbead profile Influence of the change in electrical stickout length on the weldbead profile The travel speed will have an influence on the weldbead profile and the reinforcement height If the travel speed is too slow a wide w...

Страница 37: ...26 torch Binzel MB15AK MIG MAG torch Regulator Gas hose Spare feed rolls Operating manual Optional Spool gun not part of this package Purchased separately 37 BOC Smootharc 180 Multiprocess operating manual 10 Euro output connection 11 Positive terminal 12 Short mechanical connector 14 Negative terminal 13 Control connector ...

Страница 38: ...nk plug into the 14 negative terminal and the B work return lead into the 11 positive terminal 8 2 Installation for MIG MAG set up with OPTIONAL spool gun 1 Connect the gas cylinder to the regulator Select correct shielding gas for the application 2 Plug S1 spool gun euro connection into 10 euro output connection 3 Plug S2 spool gun control cable into 13 control connection 4 Fit wire spool to the ...

Страница 39: ...k return lead to 11 positive terminal on the front panel and fasten it clockwise Connect the clamp end to the work piece 4 The 12 short mechanical connector link plug should remain hanging free 8 4 Installation for MMA process 1 Connect the A electrode holder to the 11 positive terminal of the machine and fasten it clockwise 2 Connect the B work return lead into the 14 negative terminal of the mac...

Страница 40: ...G MAG mode This is important for certain types of self shielded flux cored wires This can be achieved by switching the B work return lead to the 11 positive terminal and the 12 short mechanical connector link plug to the 14 negative terminal for a DC electrode negative polarity setting 9 0 Control panels 4 Spool gun indicator 3 Multifunctional data adjustment 6 Lift TIG indicator 7 MIG indicator 8...

Страница 41: ...ding the torch switch without welding To stop wire feeding press the torch switch again 2 2T 4T mode Under MIG mode press 2 Data Selection Key for 2 Seconds to choose the 2T 4T mode The welding mode 2T 4T can be selected by depressing the 2 Data Selection Key The selected mode will be shown on the 1 Multifunctional Data Display Refer to the section on MIG Fundaments in this manual for an explanati...

Страница 42: ...MIG Pulse Al Aluminum 1 0 mm Recommend 2 8 m min When welding aluminum please fit the dedicated wire feeding rolls and replace the torch liner and contact tips with wear parts suitable for aluminum Operation instruction under MIG mode using spool gun 1 The machine will go in to the spool gun welding mode when connecting with the spool gun The 4 spool gun indicator and 7 MIG indicator lights up Ill...

Страница 43: ...ill revert to the preset welding current after 5 seconds when welding has stopped 10 4 Operation instruction under MMA mode 1 Set welding mode Press the 9 Function Switch Key to MMA mode 5 MMA indicator light will illuminate 2 VRD function Press the 2 Data Selection Key for 3 seconds The VRD reduces open circuit voltage to a safe limit Illustration 11 shows MMA mode using VRD Press the 2 Data Sele...

Страница 44: ...parameters before malfunction occurred 2 Error display of over current The panel displays as Illustration 14 when over current occurs The 1 Multifunctional Data Display flashes continuously when the machine is not working Restart the machine The panel will display the previous parameters before malfunction occurred 3 Error display of overheating protection The panel displays as Illustration 15 whe...

Страница 45: ...45 BOC Smootharc 180 Multiprocess operating manual ...

Страница 46: ...ow directions as set out on page 43 Poor scratch starting technique Many codes do not allow scratch starts Use copper strike plate Use high frequency arc starter Excessive current for tungsten size used Reduce the current or use larger electrode Accidental contact of electrode with puddle Maintain proper arc length Accidental contact of electrode to filler rod Maintain a distance between electrode...

Страница 47: ...out Use a larger size cup Excessive turbulence in gas stream Change to gas safer parts or gas lens parts Short parts Life Cause Solution Cup shattering or cracking in use Change cup size or type Change tungsten position Short collet life Ordinary style is split and twists or jams Change to wedge style Short torch head life Do not operate beyond rated capacity Do not bend rigid torches The phenomen...

Страница 48: ...t Fault symptom Cause Type Welding torch overheats Welding torch underrated for welding application Liners Erratic wire feed wire snarls up at outlet guide Liner of incorrect type and size for wire in use worn or dirty liner liner too long or too short Gas distributor Inadequate gas flow contaminated or porous weld Damaged or blocked distributor Nozzle Inadequate gas cover restricted joint accessi...

Страница 49: ...speed with rapid freezing of weld trapping gases before they escape Lower travel speed Contaminated shield gas Replace the shielding gas Inadequate shielding Cause Solution Gas flow blockage or leak in hoses or torch Locate and eliminate the blockage or leak Excessive travel speed exposes molten weld to atmospheric contamination Use slower travel speed or carefully increase the flow rate to a safe...

Страница 50: ... planning maintenance frequency of your Smootharc welder Preventative maintenance will ensure trouble free welding and increase the life of the machine and its consumables 12 1 Power Source Check electrical connections of unit at least twice a year Clean oxidised connections and tighten Inner parts of machine should be cleaned with a vacuum cleaner and soft brush Do not use any pressure washing de...

Страница 51: ...t 32 180A 10 180A 10 160A Duty cycle 20 180A 160A 25 180A Wire feeder Internal or optional spool gun sold separately Internal wire feeder speed 3 to11m min Post flow time 3 Seconds Welding wire diameter 0 8 1 0mm Remote control No Efficiency 80 Power factor 0 73 Insulation grade H Housing shielding grade IP21S EMG grade B Welding thickness 0 8mm Dimensions L W H 420 220 439mm Weight 12 8kg Standar...

Страница 52: ... costs Modification of the 15A primary input plug or fitment of a lower rated primary input plug will render the warranty null and void NOTE Under the terms of warranty welding torches and their consumables are not covered Direct or indirect damage due to a defective product is not covered under the warranty The warranty is void if changes are made to the product without approval of the manufactur...

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Страница 56: ...e of printing Whilst proper care has been taken in the preparation no liability for injury or damage resulting from its improper use can be accepted For more information contact the BOC Customer Engagement Centre on 131 262 AU or 0800 111 333 NZ BOC Limited ABN 95 000 029 729 10 Julius Avenue North Ryde NSW 2113 Australia www boc com au BOC Limited WN007748 970 988 Great South Road Penrose Aucklan...

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