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The  low  pass  filter  allows  everything  below  a  certain  frequency  to  pass
through, cutting out most of the higher frequency sound. This means that
high pitched notes might sound very quiet if heard at all! The high pass filter
works  in  the  opposite  way.  The  band  pass  filter  restricts  the  frequency
range to near the filter frequency. The volume and sound of a note passing
through a band pass filter depends a great deal on how far the pitch of the
note  is  away  from  the  filter  frequency.  The  notch  filter  is  opposite  to  the
band pass.

The filter resonance determines how effective the filter will be. With a low
resonance the filter effects might not be very marked, however with a high
resonance the effect will be more noticeable.

The filter frequency graph gives an indication of the effect of the particular
filter. The black area of the graph shows which frequencies will pass
through unaffected. Move the graph using

Q

and

W

in the normal way.

The filter frequency can be modulated with the filter DRE. Press

D

to pop it

up. Note that it will appear automatically when you press

F

if the pitch/pulse

width DRE is already displayed. Sweeping the filter frequency can produce
amazing sounds such as the ‘wahwah’ effect loved by many electric guitar-
ists. This is achieved by sweeping the frequency of the band pass filter up
and down. You can alter the rate using the step time device. ‘Flanging’ is
achieved by slowly changing the filter frequency of a high or low pass filter.
All these effects are based upon triangle, saw or pulse waveforms. Howev-

10

Resonance

Filter

frequency

these frequencies pass

through

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Содержание COMMODORE 64/128K

Страница 1: ...THEMUSICSYSTEM COMMODORE 64 128K ADVANCED D64 ATTACHED TO THIS PDF...

Страница 2: ...TEGRATION DESIGN UTILITIES Geoffrey Ellis SYSTEM DESIGN SYNTHESISER Ewan Hayward SYSTEM ADVANCED LINKER JOEY ISLAND LOGIC ADVANCED MIDI Ching Man Wong ISLAND LOGIC COMMAND LINE KEYBOARD GRAPHICS Steve...

Страница 3: ...AMS DEVELOPMENT TEAM ii INTRODUCTION 2 EDITOR 10 KEYBOARD 37 SYNTHESISER 44 MIDI 63 THE PRINTER MODULE 73 LINKER 81 INDEX 86 APPENDIX 93 CONTENTS...

Страница 4: ...THEMUSICSYSTEM ADVANCED COMMODORE 64 128K...

Страница 5: ...s together to form much larger compositions An understanding of the power as well as the limita tions of TMS can be gained through experience with the EDITOR module This module provides a central refe...

Страница 6: ...required module can be run by pressing RETURN Make sure that the TMS system disk is in your disk drive before trying to load a module otherwise an error message pop up will appear In general SPACE is...

Страница 7: ...the SPACE bar The highlight cursor is used to select the function you intend to use Menu auto scroll In some cases when the highlight reaches the bottom of a pop up menu the menu itself will automati...

Страница 8: ...oughout the system to change values The INFO pop up only provides information and you can not directly change it Quantities such as available space the size of individual voices and the values of impo...

Страница 9: ...module you are in TMS uses up to six different types of file Music files Prefix m Music as created by the EDITOR KEYBOARD or converted from MIDI Music files can be loaded into the LINKER MIDI SYNTHESI...

Страница 10: ...t is very important that you ensure when loading and saving files that the file is of the correct type It is possible that two or more files can have the same file name but different file types ie s j...

Страница 11: ...ess RETURN and the file will be saved to the current disk You cannot save files to the TMS system disk It is write protected You will need a new disk to save new or edited files To RENAME a file selec...

Страница 12: ...or more seriously your disc drive is faulty 2 Disc Error 26 This happens if the disc is write protected and probably means you are trying to save files to the System disk Do not attempt to VALIDATE a...

Страница 13: ...MIDI modules EDITOR The EDITOR displays notes within the selected four octave range on treble and bass staves together with the appropriate key and time signatures One of the three voices may be disp...

Страница 14: ...nitor Window VMW at the bottom displaying the notes in any one of the voices a barmeter followed by the barnumber volume envelope and notename devices A Free Space device also appears in the top left...

Страница 15: ...us voice If there wasn t a note playing then it will go to the last note in that voice You can therefore flip easily between voices knowing that the notes line up The VMW also displays the appropriate...

Страница 16: ...itch voice 2 etc Any combination of voices may be played back includ ing none irrespective of the current voice displayed on the VMW The playback indictors also show whether a voice is being played as...

Страница 17: ...account The notename for a rest is blank Entering and playing notes a quick guide The Editor is a very powerful composing tool with many facilities This section is intended as an introduction as you...

Страница 18: ...me the note will appear black because it is a real note stored as part of the voice You can press to preview the note and press RETURN to move on to the next one You could just as well press or to mov...

Страница 19: ...ressing COMM or to the end of the voice by pressing COMM Remember that you have to press RETURN to get a blue note at the end again So far you have only used one voice and we ll assume that you have b...

Страница 20: ...ain in memory after saving it A new tune could also be loaded but remember that this will delete your current tune and replace the sound set More on editing Accidentals Accidentals can be added to any...

Страница 21: ...ot really necessary Ties A real black note at the cursor may be tied to the previous note if it is of the same pitch Blue notes can not be tied directly they must be entered first The envelope number...

Страница 22: ...acility is also on then the EDITOR will usually be able to make each bar the correct length according to the time signature This is often accomplished by splitting the entered note into two parts and...

Страница 23: ...ice is played as a whole voice with Section off then these markers behave as normal barlines When playing and scrolling through a single voice with SHIFT RUN STOP the repeat markers and 1st and 2nd ti...

Страница 24: ...mmand is particularly useful when used as a macro command for transposing sec tions of a voice by an octave see Commands Set macro Inserting notes Notes can always be added to the end of each voice if...

Страница 25: ...all voices Volume Due to the nature of the CBM64 hardware it is only possible to sound all notes at one particular volume at any time This means that you cannot set different voices at different volum...

Страница 26: ...0 and 8 for dynamics Despite having to play the notes in all voices at the same volume at any particular time there are two ways of changing the effective volume be tween voices You can choose or defi...

Страница 27: ...her marker to the cursor using the following Moving the cursor The note cursor is initially in the centre of the screen For convenience it can be moved left or right Loop sections Loop sections are an...

Страница 28: ...ctions there are in a voice A placed after the last note will give an extra loop section containing no notes If Section is not set in Values Info will say Section is off the markers are treated as nor...

Страница 29: ...ction and might not even be able to reach the end of a loop section if the barmeter cursor reaches the end of the longest voice Press COMM to go to the end of the loop section the FIRST TIME THROUGH T...

Страница 30: ...be recognised by their n prefix Notepads can range in size from 1 to 999 notes and will only be loaded if there is sufficient free space available If the notepad is already in use then a warning is g...

Страница 31: ...rrect positions You will need to access Commands Adjust barlines to reset the barlines according to the new time signature If Tempo is set high and you have written a piece of music using lots of semi...

Страница 32: ...or turns the whole voice into a loop section see Loop Sections If Autosound is on blue notes entered at the end of a voice are sounded when you press RETURN Autosound can be turned off to make enterin...

Страница 33: ...Play and move for the note cursor to be updated to the last note played in the current voice If the current voice has finished playing before the tune has finished then the cursor moves to the last n...

Страница 34: ...commands Relative adjusts the value of all notes up or down by the SAME AMOUNT as the current note e g transposes the section of voice up one octave Absolute sets values of all notes EQUAL to the val...

Страница 35: ...replacing any previous contents of the notepad The voice is left as it was This command will only be success ful if there is enough free space in the note storage area On the other hand Move to notepa...

Страница 36: ...ear the top and bottom of the staves may only have their stems pointing down or up respectively You can not alter these Check barlines will check that barlines are in the correct positions according t...

Страница 37: ...the CONTROL screen as will COMM HOME Info f7 The normal music file information is displayed Hints and tips Transposition When a piece of music is transposed the music sounds and is written at a differ...

Страница 38: ...e same accidental since we have to allow for the new key signature For example in the key of B flat a B natural has been raised by one semitone from the given key If the music is transposed to the key...

Страница 39: ...envelope 3 and voice 2 envelope 9 Use the macro facilities if necessary If your musical composition is more complex you can divide each voice into loop sections by inserting loop markers and assign a...

Страница 40: ...yed or recorded can be displayed in real time on a pop up VMW Voice Monitor Window Each note animates on the VMW showing changes in both pitch and duration Music recorded via this module can be loaded...

Страница 41: ...ail below The Keyboard Screen The barmeter device on the left of the screen provides a visual guide to the contents of each of the three music voices as in the Editor module When music is recorded hor...

Страница 42: ...ard can be set into various modes It starts off in TINKLE MODE Press some of the keys on the top two rows of the keyboard and the notes will sound as you press them The keys correspond to piano keys a...

Страница 43: ...with music in which are selected for playback will play and any notes you play will sound and be entered into the current voice Rests are automatically put in when you re not pressing keys Notice tha...

Страница 44: ...d within a composition are saved with the music m file DELETE RENAME and CATALOGUE function in the usual way Values f3 Values may be selected as usual with the SPACE bar and changed with either the Q...

Страница 45: ...in beats minute within the Metronome device Metronome the audible tick maybe set to on or off tick or quiet There are however some limitations to the use of the metronome since its sound actually come...

Страница 46: ...an t be changed in the Keyboard once any notes are entered You can however go into the Editor module to alter these values if you wish During Record Mode the Keyboard attempts to convert the music you...

Страница 47: ...e Envelopes DREs The two DREs can transform the sound by independently modulating the frequency and or pulse width and the filter frequency The DRE is one of the more complex features of the SYNTHESIS...

Страница 48: ...o the control screen by accessing Commands Exit Synthesiser or pressing COMM HOME The following sections briefly describe each of the devices on the basic screen The more advanced features are describ...

Страница 49: ...r However the filter stored with that envelope will become the new global filter and may therefore affect voices which have filter selected see The Sequencer Waveform The next device on the circuit di...

Страница 50: ...though you can select any of the four filters with each envelope and sound the note when playing a tune there is only one filter available for all the envelopes The filter may be on or off for each vo...

Страница 51: ...ge its value using Q and W Mini VMW The mini Voice Monitor Window behaves in exactly the same way as in the EDITOR module The pitch and duration of the note can be changed This note sounds when you pr...

Страница 52: ...anel controls the playback of music files within the SYN THESISER The active playback voices are shown as highlighted numbers on the left SHIFT 1 is used to switch voice 1 on etc The sequencer panel i...

Страница 53: ...layed for that voice and the double arrows means that the whole voice is repeated as if it were a loop section Envelope name Each of the 15 envelopes can be given a name to correspond with the particu...

Страница 54: ...access Commands zero envelope The current envelope is reset to the basic sound shape with the filter off Move around the devices by pressing SPACE Now press SHIFT SPACE and go round the other way Thi...

Страница 55: ...n the EDITOR A note in the EDITOR with this envelope would sound exactly the same Finally move onto the envelope name and type in the name of your new sound The whole of sound set 1 comprising of the...

Страница 56: ...has many envelope changes they provide a fascinating real time display who wants flashing disco lights Highlight the sequencer panel and move to one of the envelope boxes If the box is blank the notes...

Страница 57: ...s are endless You can of course use the EDITOR KEYBOARD or MIDI modules to enter and edit loop sections Look at Hints Tips in the EDITOR for more help in using the sequencer More on creating sounds A...

Страница 58: ...ep height or rate and a number of steps section length There is an overall step time which governs the actual rate of change of the pitch pulse width with time The smaller the step time the greater th...

Страница 59: ...ng effect used to great effect by synthesiser players is achieved by sweeping the pulse width The step time can be used to slow down or speed up the effect Both the pitch and the pulse width can be sw...

Страница 60: ...velope There are three main parameters filter type resonance and filter frequency A DRE may be used to sweep the frequency The filter devices are popped up by pressing F or accessing Commands Filter u...

Страница 61: ...fect will be more noticeable The filter frequency graph gives an indication of the effect of the particular filter The black area of the graph shows which frequencies will pass through unaffected Move...

Страница 62: ...t any time by accessing Commands Swap sound sets Individual envelopes or files may also be swapped or copied between the sets Sound sets can be loaded into either set 1 or set 2 When loading remember...

Страница 63: ...nd set 2 You may also use this command to copy the parameters from any other envelope to the current envelope A pop up appears under the Command line Move between the devices with and changing the val...

Страница 64: ...envs and Zero all filters reset all the envelopes filters in sound set 1 to the same standard values All envelope filters will then be identical This is particularly useful when starting to create new...

Страница 65: ...62 Info f7 The normal music file information is displayed Use info to see which sound set you are currently using...

Страница 66: ...ide some form of amplification for your keyboard MIDI Midi hardware combinations can send and receive MIDI format data files from the Commodore 64 The AMS MIDI module can record and playback MIDI stan...

Страница 67: ...d to the end of a track you must use a separate track and use the EDITOR to cut and paste the two tracks together via a notepad file The EDITOR contains many facilities to help you tidy up or correct...

Страница 68: ...be displayed by pressing the COM V key pair or selecting it from the COMMANDS pop up F5 The VMW is closed on pressing the same COM V key pair The VMW will display and animate music contained within t...

Страница 69: ...cannot be used directly by the rest of the system A MIDI x file created by an external keyboard will retain any special effects ie modulation etc If the music data is saved as a AMS music m file then...

Страница 70: ...create more than one AMS file from a MIDI file try and choose file names that relate to one another This will make life easier when reassigning these AMS files to a MIDI file eg m PART 1 m PART 2 m P...

Страница 71: ...data To play the music through an external keyboard press the RUN STOP key If your MIDI keyboard is correctly set up then you should hear the music play Stop the music playing by pressing the RUN STO...

Страница 72: ...you may elect to play back one or more of the tracks The tracks active for playback can be toggled ON or OFF by holding down the SHIFT key and pressing a number key between 1 and 6 The Tape Head indic...

Страница 73: ...some MIDI keyboards are able to use up to 255 different envelopes you must ensure that the AMS envelope numbers to which the MIDI envelopes are assigned simulate the sound of the MIDI envelope This m...

Страница 74: ...using the key Note that TIME SIGNATURE can only be changed while there is no music in the system This sets the time signature for any new music data entry INTERFACE allows you to select the MIDI hard...

Страница 75: ...system If you have provided an external sound output for your Commodore then this metronome tick can be amplified separately to your MIDI keyboard output The VOICE MONITOR WINDOW command will toggle...

Страница 76: ...ce Monitor Window together with a TEXT window The Printer VMW will only display Voice 1 Text or lyrics can be entered and saved as a TEXT t file Music can be printed with or without lyrics On entry to...

Страница 77: ...ndow are aligned and scroll synchronously Text can be entered via the TEXT window and edited easily via simple line editing commands Editing always occurs within the current bar as indicated by the ba...

Страница 78: ...ove to the start of the next bar Text often requires more space than the bar width of the music allows The bar width can be extended or reduced using the SHIFT and up arrow keys as described in the fo...

Страница 79: ...increased when you insert spaces in this way the text in the current bar is simply moved over to the right and if there is not room in the bar it will be truncated Use the up arrow key described abov...

Страница 80: ...will be made to match the text to the bars If the text is too long to fit a bar then the text will be truncated within the bar The PRINTER module does not allow music files which contain more than 25...

Страница 81: ...Yes CBM MPS 801 No No Yes CBM MPS 802 No No Yes For the Epson MX 80 F T select Epson RX 80 Although other dot matrix printers may work Island Logic can only guaran tee that AMS will operate correctly...

Страница 82: ...found by scrolling the VALUES menu up ie Move the highlight bar to bottom of window to begin scrolling Sections If set to Off then all section markers will be ignored If set to On and if a voice has...

Страница 83: ...odule back to the Control Screen Note that all text will be lost from memory so remember to save it to disc before leaving the Printer module if you wish to keep it Any music file present will remain...

Страница 84: ...ether with the sequence This can be reloaded for playing or editing There is space for over four maximum sized music files in the LINKER However since compositions are often made up of shorter section...

Страница 85: ...ays the order in which to play the individual music files Only music files that appear in the file list can be included in the sequence Files may be repeated as many times as you want in the sequence...

Страница 86: ...the end Press twice to move to the top of the sequence and press RUN STOP to play If you have a long sequence use SHIFT to move to the top You can stop the sequence by pressing RUN STOP again The musi...

Страница 87: ...access the status information of each music file and a number of Commands There are no accessible parameters within Values Commands f5 Remove file is used to delete a music file from the file list Aft...

Страница 88: ...o f7 The status information can be displayed for any music file in the list Move the highlight bar up or down to show the information for other files Press RETURN or f7 to pop Info down again FREE 286...

Страница 89: ...ge 42 Backing Tracks 25 Band Pass 57 58 Bar Number 13 Bar Width 75 76 Barlines 15 19 20 29 33 Barmeter 11 12 13 16 26 38 Beginner 42 Block Delete 22 32 Block Tidy 34 43 Blue Note 14 22 B P M 28 39 42...

Страница 90: ...ce 48 50 53 Dynamic Response Envelope 44 51 54 55 56 58 60 Dynamics 23 Editor Screen 11 Editor 10 36 Effects 51 Entering Notes 14 15 Envelope Assignment 70 Envelope Name 39 44 50 52 Envelope 13 15 17...

Страница 91: ...Info Pop up 5 6 34 43 62 72 80 85 Inserting Characters 76 Inserting Files 83 Inserting Notes 21 Instrument Sounds 6 46 52 Introduction 2 J M S 63 Key Signature 5 17 28 35 41 43 59 Keyboard Devices 38...

Страница 92: ...inor Keys 28 41 Modes 39 Modulation 44 58 Move 30 32 Multi track 67 Music Files 6 77 Naturals 17 Nesting 20 Noise 46 Notch 57 58 Note Cursor 12 24 Note Name 14 Note Scroll 12 Note Stem 33 Notepad File...

Страница 93: ...idth 46 47 51 55 QWERTY 37 Rate 55 Real Note 15 18 Record Mode 40 Record 38 43 69 Recursive see Recursive Relative Macros 31 Release 48 49 52 Remove File 84 Rename 8 Repeat Device 55 56 Repeats 12 19...

Страница 94: ...Sweep 54 55 56 58 Synthesiser Screen 45 Synthesiser Devices 45 Synthesiser 44 62 Tape Head 69 Tempo 5 28 42 53 59 71 Text Cursor 75 Text Editor 76 Text Files 7 73 77 Text Window 73 74 Text 74 75 Tick...

Страница 95: ...37 38 39 40 48 65 69 72 73 74 75 Voice 5 10 11 12 13 16 22 29 52 59 67 79 Volume 5 14 22 28 31 39 40 59 Wahwah 51 54 58 Warning 63 Waveforms 44 46 51 52 White Noise 59 Wrapround 56 Write Protect 9 Ze...

Страница 96: ...othing When a file is loaded simply press Y to confirm that you wish to save it to disc When the file has been saved to disc you may then load another file from tape and repeat the process N B This ut...

Страница 97: ...k 12 Burble 13 Lead 3 14 Lead 4 15 Tremelo Orchestral included with Minuette 1 Violin 1 2 Violin 2 3 Cello 4 Doublebass 5 Clarinet 6 Oboe 7 Bassoon 8 Flute 9 Saxophone 10 Trumpet 11 Trombone 12 Piano...

Страница 98: ...RAINBIRD SOFTWARE WELLINGTON HOUSE UPPER ST MARTIN S LANE LONDON WC2H 9DL...

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