Orban OPTIMOD-FM 8600Si Скачать руководство пользователя страница 112 | Manualshive

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INSTALLATION

ORBAN MODEL

tally out 2 [active][inactive]

7.

To fetch information about the active processing preset:

Command

Response

AP [PASSCODE]?

«

Returns active processing preset name

AP [PASSCODE]??

«

Returns active processing preset control
settings

LP [PASSCODE]

«

Returns a list of all available processing
presets

8.

To fetch diagnostic information from the 8600:

This provides a status report indicating technical parameters:

Command

Response

ST [PASSCODE]

«

8600 Status:
Ver. 1.0.x.x Bootrom: 4
mmm. dd, yyyy HH:MM:SS
On Air: LOUD-HOT+BASS
User Presets:

0

Memory Total:

16318464

Init Available:  13606912
Mem Available:  10022480
Mem Contiguous:  9420800
Heap Available:  15952
Heap Contiguous: 2048
Disk Size:  23998
Free Disk Space: 18978

9.

To set the security timeout of the terminal connection:

Sets the delay (minutes) between when the last terminal command is received
and when the Optimod disconnects automatically. Default is 15 minutes. The
timeout reverts to the default each new connection; if you change the timeout
for one connection, it is not retained for the next one.

Command

Response

TIMEOUT [PASSCODE]

«

Delay (minutes) between when the last
command is received and when the
Optimod disconnects automatically.

«
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Содержание OPTIMOD-FM 8600Si

Страница 1: ...Operating Manual OPTIMOD FM 8600Si Digital Audio Processor Version 2 5 Software...

Страница 2: ...ated dangerous voltage inside the enclosure voltage that may be sufficient to constitute a risk of shock This symbol wherever it appears alerts you to important operating and maintenance instructions...

Страница 3: ...spilled into the enclosure through openings Damage Requiring Service The appliance should be serviced by qualified service personnel when The power supply cord or the plug has been damaged or Objects...

Страница 4: ...apr svente autoris Safety Instructions Spanish Hacer funcionar el aparato s lo con la tensi n y clase de corriente se aladas en la placa indicadora de caracter sticas Reemplazar los fusibles s lo por...

Страница 5: ...you pack the unit for shipping 1 Tighten all screws on any barrier strip s so the screws do not fall out from vibration 2 Wrap the unit in its original plastic bag to avoid abrading the paint 3 Seal...

Страница 6: ...ross a rug can gen erate a static charge of 20 000 volts This is the spark or shock you may have felt when touching a doorknob or some other conductive surface A much smaller static discharge is likel...

Страница 7: ...Operating Manual OPTIMOD FM 8600Si Digital Audio Processor Version 2 5 Software...

Страница 8: ...OPTIMOD FM 1 13 Optimal Control of Peak Modulation Levels 1 13 Best Location for OPTIMOD FM 1 14 If the transmitter is not accessible 1 14 If the transmitter is accessible 1 15 Transmission from Stud...

Страница 9: ...0ST external AGC 2 12 Figure 2 4 8200ST Jumper Settings Factory Configuration 2 13 QUICK SETUP 2 15 ANALOG AND DIGITAL I O SETUP 2 26 AUTOMATION USING THE 8600SI S INTERNAL CLOCK 2 39 SECURITY AND PAS...

Страница 10: ...and defaults 2 100 Using Processing Presets 2 101 Emergency Alert System EAS Macros 2 102 Using the Terminal Server 2 102 Using Telnet to Control the Terminal Server 2 102 Security 2 104 RDS Terminal...

Страница 11: ...put Transfer Curves as Bass Clip Shape Control is Varied from 0 0 Hard to 10 0 Soft 3 48 Advanced 8500 Style Peak Limiter Controls 3 48 8600Si MX Technology Peak Limiter Controls 3 49 Table 3 7 MX Tec...

Страница 12: ...ify INPUT OUTPUT and SYSTEM SETUP 3 95 To modify AUTOMATION 3 95 To group multiple 8600Si units 3 96 Operation Using the Keyboard 3 96 To Quit the Program 3 96 About Aliases created by Optimod 8600Si...

Страница 13: ...6 Harsh Sibilance Ess Sounds in the HD Channel 5 7 HD and FM Levels Do Not Match When the Receiver Crossfades 5 7 Loudness is unexpectedly low from the analog FM processing chain 5 7 Digital Radio Lo...

Страница 14: ...6 7 Input Circuits 6 9 Output Circuits 6 11 DSP Circuit 6 13 Power Supply 6 13 ABBREVIATIONS 6 14 PARTS LIST 6 16 Obtaining Spare Parts 6 16 Control Board 6 16 Combined Input Output and DSP I O DSP B...

Страница 15: ...and R Analog Inputs Schematic 2 of 12 6 36 L and R Analog Outputs Schematic 3 of 12 6 37 Composite And Pilot Reference Signal Generators Schematic 4a of 12 6 38 Composite SCA Daughterboard Schematic...

Страница 16: ...trol 2 46 analog fallback 2 29 analog I O 1 10 analog input circuit description 6 9 ref level I O setup 2 27 analog input 2 6 analog landline 1 19 analog output circuit description 6 11 analog output...

Страница 17: ...l functionality 3 77 BS 1770 Safety Limiter 2 3 Button bar FM HD coupling 3 70 buttons escape 3 1 modify 3 1 next 3 1 previous 3 1 RECALL 3 1 setup 3 1 soft buttons 3 1 buzz 5 1 bypass local 1 27 PC r...

Страница 18: ...t 2 6 contrast 3 1 control scripted 2 51 control coupling FM and HD 3 77 Control coupling FM HD 3 70 control knob 3 1 controls contrast 3 1 HD audio 3 77 Speech Detect 3 10 corrosion 4 1 Coupling Cont...

Страница 19: ...citer overshoot 1 19 Expander Multiband Downward 3 63 F factory presets selecting 2 22 Factory presets Table of 3 21 factory presets 1 7 factory service 5 15 Filter Pilot Protection 3 42 Final Clip Dr...

Страница 20: ...match 5 7 Headphones low delay monitoring 1 27 low delay monitoring 2 31 headphones 1 25 HF Clipping 3 46 HF enhancer 3 9 High Frequency Enhancer 3 34 High frequency limiter 3 9 High Frequency Limiter...

Страница 21: ...trol 3 69 Look ahead Compressor limiter 3 10 Lookahead 3 56 look ahead limiter 3 14 71 Look ahead limiting Defined 3 4 lossy data reduction in studio 1 20 NICAM 1 17 used in STLs 16 loudness insuffici...

Страница 22: ...ures 1 6 N NAB Broadcast and Audio System Test CD 4 6 Netcat automated control using 2 52 automation using 2 51 network timeserver 2 57 networking 2 47 News format 3 28 NEXT button 3 1 NICAM 1 17 nois...

Страница 23: ...62 90 power cord 2 4 power supply circuit description 6 13 Orban part 6 14 testing 4 7 power supply board reattaching 4 4 pre emphasis defeating 2 18 19 quick setup 2 16 Preset 8400 compatibility 3 9...

Страница 24: ...tup 2 28 RJ45 jack 2 48 Rock format 3 28 routine maintenance 4 1 RS232 testing 4 14 RS 232 connector 2 4 RS 232 interface circuit description 6 8 S sample rate internal specification 6 1 setting outpu...

Страница 25: ...on 3 11 Stereo encoder 3 10 stereo encoder mode selecting 1 8 Stereo enhancement 3 8 Stereo Enhancer Amount 3 35 Depth 3 35 Diffusion 3 35 In Out 3 35 Ratio Limit 3 35 Style 3 35 Stereo Mono HD output...

Страница 26: ...ock front panel 2 44 unpacking 2 1 Updating software 2 94 Urban format 3 29 user presets archiving 3 18 creating 3 8 16 18 user presets 1 8 V Vestigial sideband 3 11 VPN setting up 2 62 90 W warranty...

Страница 27: ...t audio quality in FM stereo broadcasting Because all processing is performed by high speed mathematical calculations within Freescale 24 bit digital signal proc essing chips the processing has cleanl...

Страница 28: ...eschewing any clipping the HD output prevents the codec from wasting precious bits encoding clipping distortion products allowing the codec to use its entire bit budget to encode the desired pro gram...

Страница 29: ...ans mission links by providing bandwidth limiting and overshoot compensated 15 kHz low pass filters ahead of the 8600Si s audio outputs and stereo encoder The 8600Si has an internal DSP based stereo e...

Страница 30: ...t levels are sepa rately adjustable for the analog and digital outputs Each output can emit the analog FM processed signal the analog FM processed signal with diversity delay applied the digital radio...

Страница 31: ...t overshoots in uncompressed digital links operating at a 44 1 kHz sample rate or higher and prevents interference to the pilot tone and RDS or RBDS subcarrier The bandwidth of the 8600Si s digi tal r...

Страница 32: ...and high frequency clarity This advanced technology re quires more input to output delay than the older structures so it is impractical for talent to monitor these structures off air with headphones T...

Страница 33: ...urate level setting in any system OPTIMOD FM s software can be upgraded by running Orban supplied down loadable upgrade software on a PC The upgrade can occur remotely through the 8600Si s Ethernet po...

Страница 34: ...to if you wish User Presets inherit the structure of their parent Factory Presets Five Band Two Band Ultra Low Latency Five Band or Stand Alone Stereo Encoder The only way you can choose the structure...

Страница 35: ...des digital and analog inputs and outputs You select whether OPTIMOD FM uses the digital or analog input either locally or by remote interface If OPTIMOD FM is set to accept a digital input and the fe...

Страница 36: ...age 2 9 Independent level control of each output is available via software see step 6 on page 2 29 Subcarriers The stereo encoder has two unbalanced 600 subcarrier SCA inputs with rear panel BNC conne...

Страница 37: ...output configured to emit the low delay monitor signal Independently activate and defeat the diversity delay applied to the analog digi tal and composite outputs Reduce the stereo main and subchannel...

Страница 38: ...nything else that you can do from the 8600Si s front panel controls The program displays all of the 8600Si s LCD meters on the computer screen to aid remote adjustment RS 232 Serial Port 8600 PC Remot...

Страница 39: ...reduced to accommodate the larger peaks Re duced average modulation level will cause reduced loudness and a poorer signal to noise ratio at the receiver Landline equalizers transformers and 15 kHz lo...

Страница 40: ...pes of digital paths This situation is not ideal because artifacts that cannot be controlled by the audio processor can be introduced by the link to the transmitter by transmit ter peak limiters or by...

Страница 41: ...on approximately 20 dB that starts to cause perceptible changes in the stereo image 3 You will achieve a louder sound on the air with better control of peak modulation than if you use most external st...

Страница 42: ...performance requirements In general a link that passes un processed audio should have very low noise and low non linear distortion but its transient response is not important A link that passes proce...

Страница 43: ...ese signals can be passed without additional overshoot by equally well by any link with 44 1 kHz or higher sample fre quency Currently available sample rate converters use phase linear filters which h...

Страница 44: ...mposite microwave STLs However problems include gain and phase matching of the left and right channels overloads induced by pre emphasis and re quirements that the audio applied to the microwave trans...

Страница 45: ...ential overshoot The Orban 8200ST can be readily con figured to produce a pre emphasized output Further it is common for a microwave STL to bounce because of a large infrasonic peak in its frequency r...

Страница 46: ...ove the threshold of masking such that it is heard In addition at least one other mechanism can cause the noise to become audible at the radio OPTIMOD FM s multiband limiter performs an automatic equa...

Страница 47: ...er indicates the true peak level Most modern studio audio de vices have a clipping level of no less than 21 dBu and often 24 dBu or more So the studio standardizes on a maximum program indication on t...

Страница 48: ...right input level is shown on a VU type scale 0 to 27 dB while the meter ing indicates absolute instantaneous peak much faster than a standard PPM or VU meter The input meter is scaled so that 0 dB co...

Страница 49: ...e in the BS 1770 meter is LKFS or LUKS which are the same dif fering only in nomenclature A change of 1 LUFS is the same as a change of 1 dB In the digital radio chain LKFS and LUFS are absolute loudn...

Страница 50: ...eak audio level is held con stant When the 8600Si s left right analog output is switched to FLAT a de emphasis filter is inserted between output of the 8600Si s audio processing and its line output Th...

Страница 51: ...esets other than those with LL low latency or UL ultra low latency in their names An 18 ms delay is workable for most talent although it may require some acclimatization because 18 ms is below the psy...

Страница 52: ...simultaneously with other code so unlike the similar structure in Orban s Optimod 8300 it does not require a code re load and does not cause a gap in programming The only way to create an ultra low la...

Страница 53: ...at it is always de emphasized even if the Analog Output is set with pre emphasis EAS Test For stations participating in the Emergency Alert System EAS in the United States broadcast of EAS tones and d...

Страница 54: ...the GPI port programmed as BYPASS b Begin EAS broadcast c When the EAS broadcast is finished switch the 8600Si from BYPASS mode by a momentary command from your station s remote control to the GPI po...

Страница 55: ...ship your Orban products prepaid to our service department Be sure to include a copy of your sales slip as proof of purchase date We will not repair transit damage under the no charge terms of this w...

Страница 56: ......

Страница 57: ...pean 4 Rack mounting screws 10 32 x with washers 10 1 PC Remote Software CD B Save all packing materials If you should ever have to ship the 8600Si e g for servicing it is best to ship it in the origi...

Страница 58: ...tly to the 8600Si chassis If you need to change the plug to meet your country s standard and you are qualified to do so see Figure 2 1 Otherwise purchase a new mains cord with the correct line plug at...

Страница 59: ...the appropri ate REMOTE INTERFACE terminals The terminals can be connected together and then connected to ground at pin 13 to create a Remote Common A current limited 12VDC source is available on pin...

Страница 60: ...rk See Networking on page 2 47 Procedures and instructions for connecting to a PC are subject to development and change We advise you to download the latest version of this manual in pdf format from f...

Страница 61: ...ference An AES3id input on a BNC connector becomes the input to your Optimod s stereo encoder when DO2 FEEDS is set to RATINGS allowing a ratings encoder to be inserted between the output of the audio...

Страница 62: ...e same whether the driving source is balanced or unbal anced Connect the red or white wire to the pin on the XLR type connector 2 or 3 that is considered HIGH by the standards of your organization Con...

Страница 63: ...ug gest that you use Digital Output 1 to drive the digital radio transmitter The BS 1770 safety limiter in the analog processing chain is calibrated with reference to 100 modulation see page 1 23 and...

Страница 64: ...the AES 2 SOURCE con trol to AGC RATINGS in PC Remote or AGC RATI on the Optimod Between your Optimod s left right audio processing and stereo encoder main taining consistently high audio drive levels...

Страница 65: ...by 50 or 75 un less this is unavoidable The frequencies in the stereo baseband are low by comparison to RF and video and the characteristic impedance of coax ial cable is not constant at very low freq...

Страница 66: ...tereo pilot tone reference for RDS or RBDS subcarrier generators If you wish to reconfigure it to ac cept an SCA signal move the link on jumper J6 on the Composite SCA daughter board from pins 3 and 4...

Страница 67: ...unding Very often grounding is approached in a hit or miss manner However with care it is possible to wire an audio studio so that it provides maximum protection from power faults and is free from gro...

Страница 68: ...ed through the equipment rack in which the 8600Si is mounted The rack should be connected to a solid earth ground by a wide copper strap wire is completely ineffective at VHF because of the wire s sel...

Страница 69: ...CLIPPER OFF JE JF LEFT OUTPUT RIGHT OUTPUT JE JF LEFT OUTPUT RIGHT OUTPUT FLAT PRE EMPHASIZED JB JC LEFT OUTPUT RIGHT OUTPUT JB JC LEFT OUTPUT RIGHT OUTPUT PEAK AVG Clipper Jumpers Output Pre Emphasis...

Страница 70: ...information about installa tion audio input and audio output connections to the 8200ST 3 Set 8200ST Output Level with tone A Press the TONE button on the 8200ST The TONE lamp should light and the modu...

Страница 71: ...etup guides you through 8600Si setup It is appropriate for users without special or esoteric requirements Following this section you can find more detailed information regarding setup beyond the Quick...

Страница 72: ...A Hold down the appropriate soft button while turning the knob to enter the hour minute and seconds Enter seconds slightly ahead of the correct time B Wait until the entered time agrees with the corre...

Страница 73: ...AGC function in the 8600Si continues to work The Orban 4000 is a transmission system overload protection device it is normally operated be low threshold It is not designed to perform an AGC or gain r...

Страница 74: ...the 8600Si s composite output when the 8600Si s COMPOSITE LIMITER DRIVE control is set to 0 or OFF 10 Configure the analog outputs A Set analog output feed a Press the Next button b Turn the knob to c...

Страница 75: ...ys controls peaks to follow the 50 or 75 s pre emphasis curve C Set Digital Output 2 sample rate a Press the Next button b Skip this step if you will not be using Digital Output 2 Turn the knob to set...

Страница 76: ...duce In the U S we recommend using 900 s peak weighting on the peak modulation indicator as permitted by F C C rules This will cause the monitor to ignore very low energy overshoots and will result in...

Страница 77: ...ons Note that when the BS 1770 Safety Limiter is active and DIGITAL OUTPUT 1 is set as the BS 1770 reference output the DIGITAL OUTPUT 1 level con trol does not affect loudness but only sets the peak...

Страница 78: ...of gain reduction BS 1770 3 is an imperfect metric It has been established by listening tests that BS 1770 3 can over indicate loudness by 3 dB or more when the pro gram material has an unusually low...

Страница 79: ...terfere with setting output levels A Navigate to Setup STEREO ENCODER Next ITU412 B Set the multiplex power threshold by holding the ITU412 button down and turning the knob so that the display indicat...

Страница 80: ...ons are active the modulation reduction is the sum of their settings To comply with FCC Rules set the modulation reduction to one half the injection of the associated subcarrier For example if your su...

Страница 81: ...t the input must be below the Silence Threshold before the 8600Si automatically switches to the analog input C Press Next as necessary to see the ANLG FALL BACK control Set it to YES if you wish the 8...

Страница 82: ...the sync source de faults to the 8600Si s internal clock No Function Tally output is disabled C Program tally output 2 if you wish following the procedure in step B above with the TALLY OUT2 button T...

Страница 83: ...erial Note that in this step you are calibrating to the normal indication of the studio meters this is quite different from the actual peak level If you know the reference VU or PPM level that will be...

Страница 84: ...YES if required e g if that was its setting prior to setting AI REF VU or PPM level Refer to step 1 on page 2 26 4 Adjust Right Channel Balance Skip this step if the channels are already satisfactoril...

Страница 85: ...mum values This will greatly reduce the probability of inadvertently clipping the 8600Si s output Unless defeated the 8600Si s composite limiter will continue to control the composite output level How...

Страница 86: ...e control sets the delay applied to the composite analog and digital outputs when these outputs have been configured to receive delay While it is possible to activate or defeat the diversity delay ind...

Страница 87: ...DELAY or MONITOR FM This produces a fully peak controlled output suitable for driving a transmitter FM Delay This produces a fully peak controlled output suitable for driv ing a transmitter Up to 16...

Страница 88: ...ent recurrence that hit the 8600Si s peak limiting system thereby defining the maximum peak level that the 8600Si will produce In the U S we recommend using 900 s peak weighting on the peak modulation...

Страница 89: ...valid digital input signal at the reference input the sync source de faults to the 8600Si s internal clock If REF IN is chosen and there is no valid input signal at the REF IN BNC connec tor the sync...

Страница 90: ...page 2 8 a Set the DO2 OUT SOURCE control to AGC RATINGS or LIMIT RATINGS You cannot use DO1 for this purpose This is the essential difference be tween DO1 and DO2 b Connect your Optimod s DO2 output...

Страница 91: ...revent overshoots following the transmission system s final D A converter if the D A converter is phase linear i e introduces no group delay distortion This setting will also prevent overshoots caused...

Страница 92: ...produce gain reduction this arrangement keeps the overall gain con stant from the input of the peak limiter to the Digital Output If the peak limiters produce enough gain reduction to reduce loudness...

Страница 93: ...ction oc curs before the clippers so that you can achieve full 75 kHz deviation when the gain reduction is between 0 and 3 dB Any gain reduction greater than 3 dB is applied after the clippers permitt...

Страница 94: ...your transmitter to compensate for overshoots in the signal path following the Optimod turn the 1770 LOUDNESS THRESH control up by the same amount that you turned the output level control down This wi...

Страница 95: ...aving DT MONTH and DT WEEK buttons set the month and week when Daylight Saving Time Summer Time begins or OFF b Using the Standard Time ST MONTH and ST WEEK buttons set the month and week when Dayligh...

Страница 96: ...program the event to occur on as many days of the week as you wish b Use the Prev and Next buttons to move the cursor set the hour minute and second in 24 hour format e g 18 00 00 for 6 00 PM when the...

Страница 97: ...times or event tasks C Choose the event to delete with the knob You can search by date or by event i e recalling a given preset Use the Next button to navigate from one type of search to the other ty...

Страница 98: ...Hence a packet sniffer cannot intercept User Presets in plaintext form PC Remote then writes the fetched User Presets in encrypted form on your hard drive where they remain for the duration of your PC...

Страница 99: ...ssion level is stored and the Security menu appears To Delete a Passcode A Navigate to SETUP SECURITY DELETE PASSCODES If the front panel is already password protected you can only access this screen...

Страница 100: ...he security level of the passcode that you entered After you have finished working the panel will automatically re lock af ter the time delay you set in Setup SECURITY AUTOLOCK You can set a new delay...

Страница 101: ...B Hold down the button while turning the knob to select the desired function for the interface Use either button below the appropriate graphics both work the same A momentary pulse of voltage will swi...

Страница 102: ...see page 3 75 There is also a DIGITAL OUT 2 DELAY IN choice available It is not possible to choose different diversity delay values for the various outputs but it is possible to turn the delay off and...

Страница 103: ...on A Navigate to Setup NETWORK REMOTE Next B Press the SET IP ADDRESS soft button The IP Address Screen appears a Use the Next and Prev keys to move the cursor in turn to each digit in the IP address...

Страница 104: ...gh the serial port Skip this step if you will not be using a modem connection A Navigate to Setup NETWORK REMOTE B Hold down the PC CONNECT soft button and turn the knob until you see MODEM on the dis...

Страница 105: ...e connected to your computer s serial port Refer to Installing 8600Si PC Remote Control Software on page 2 60 Connecting to the 8600 s Ethernet Port or Serial Port via a Ter minal Program on a PC You...

Страница 106: ...terminal emulation application PuTTY If you wish to automate control download Plink Both of these applications are available for free download Search PuTTY with Google to find a download site Note th...

Страница 107: ...ng or by calling batch files with a Telnet SSH client such as PuTTY along with its compan ion command line interpreter Plink Automating control changes is possible using the Windows Task Scheduler to...

Страница 108: ...s netcat exe to make the network connection between the com puter executing netcat exe and 8600 and specifies the txt file to use The txt file contains the 8600 commands The following two examples rec...

Страница 109: ...e that the preset you entered does not ex ist You can apply this command anytime after the 8600 boots up The 30 minute timeout does not apply This command is useful in interfacing automation systems t...

Страница 110: ...nd the correct delay for each transmission chain write down the delay times that PC Remote displays Then program these into main and standby batch files that when executed send the appropriate TR com...

Страница 111: ...and argument INPUT ANALOG DIGITAL for each output invalid passcode no error message is issued In the above table X A D where A analog input D digital input PASSCODE ANY VALID PASSCODE If a non existen...

Страница 112: ...y HH MM SS On Air LOUD HOT BASS User Presets 0 Memory Total 16318464 Init Available 13606912 Mem Available 10022480 Mem Contiguous 9420800 Heap Available 15952 Heap Contiguous 2048 Disk Size 23998 Fre...

Страница 113: ...ver you selected The choices are OFF 8 HOURS and 24 HOURS If the connection to the timeserver fails due to network overload or other problems your Optimod will try once per hour to synchronize un til...

Страница 114: ...connection is not successful within five seconds the display will indi cate that the connection failed This means either that the timeserver is too busy or that your setup cannot connect to the times...

Страница 115: ...Remote to turn off your Optimod s automatic synchronization uncheck Automatically synchronize with an Internet time server on your PC Then click the Update Now button on PC Remote E Navigate to Optimo...

Страница 116: ...ate through a local PC you will need to establish a connec tion between a serial COM port of the PC and the COM port of your 8600Si through a null modem cable supplied with your 8600Si You will then u...

Страница 117: ...ections provide steps for connecting to your 8600Si OPTIMOD FM software using the Windows 2000 XP Direct Cable Connect or via modem connec tion Running the Orban Installer Program Insert the installer...

Страница 118: ...Ethernet port you will need to add one and then following the instructions provided by Microsoft to set it up to enable TCP IP networking If you wish to connect to your 8600Si through your LAN or VPN...

Страница 119: ...ull modem cable A normal serial cable will not work B Connect the other end of the cable to your computer s COM port Connecting Using Windows 2000 Direct Serial Connection Ordinarily a direct serial c...

Страница 120: ...on page 5 9 1 Add and configure a Direct Connection for Windows 2000 A Create a New Windows 2000 Direct Connection a Launch 8600Si PC Remote b Choose Connect New 8600Si c Give your 8600Si a name e g...

Страница 121: ...on j Click Next k Select either For all users or Only for myself The correct setting depends on how your network and security are configured Your wizard may not display this field if your computer is...

Страница 122: ...ck Yes B Edit your new Direct Connection properties a Click Settings b Click the General tab c Select the device you set up in step i on page 2 65 This will usually be Com munications cable between tw...

Страница 123: ...lect the Networking tab j Make sure that PPP Windows 95 98 NT 4 2000 Internet appears in the Type of dial up server I am calling field k Make sure that Internet Protocol TCP IP is checked You may leav...

Страница 124: ...ting Windows 2000 Direct Connect on page 5 10 If you have trouble the first time after creating a connection according to the instructions above try restarting your computer to clear its serial port 3...

Страница 125: ...you wish to have 8600Si PC Remote remember the password for this Optimod enter the password in the Password field e Select Serial Connection f Click the Add button g Choose Connect directly to anothe...

Страница 126: ...2 70 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL k Type in a name for your Connection such as Connection to 8600Si l Click Finish m n Click Yes B Edit your new Direct Connection properties a Click Settings...

Страница 127: ...e device you set up in step i on page 2 69 This will usually be Communications cable between two computers COM1 d Click Configure e Set the Maximum Speed bps to 115200 f Check Enable hardware flow con...

Страница 128: ...te application see To set up a new connection on page 3 90 choosing this connection from 8600Si PC Remote automatically opens a Windows Direct Con nection to your 8600Si You can connect by selecting t...

Страница 129: ...ns see page 2 64 Connecting Using Windows 7 Direct Serial Connection You must install the Windows 7 direct serial connection as a modem device using the Modem setup procedures as shown in the steps be...

Страница 130: ...ems tab and click Add You need ad ministrator s rights to do this If UAC comes up provide the relevant creden tials and pro ceed C The Add Hardware Wizard will appear a Tick Don t detect my modem I wi...

Страница 131: ...ew Modem window will appear a Select Communications cable between two computers b Proceed to next step by clicking on the NEXT button E Select the Serial com port to which the NULL cable is con nected...

Страница 132: ...letes the installation of the device driver for the device Communications cable between two computers This configuration is also commonly known as Di rect Cable Communications 2 Set up the Network for...

Страница 133: ...MOD FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION 2 77 A Go to the Network and Sharing Center and click on Set up a new connection or network link B In the Choose a connection op tion window select Set up a di al up connec...

Страница 134: ...odem device D When prompted to Type the information from your Internet Service Provider enter a dummy number to the phone number field Windows will not use it E Choose a name for your connection and e...

Страница 135: ...Optimod Although you did not specifically install any thing that states PPP the PPP protocol has nev ertheless been installed 3 Configure the Direct Cable Connection adapter In this step you will cust...

Страница 136: ...als and con tinue C In the Direct Serial PPP Properties window select the General tab D Click the Configure but ton and select 115200 bps E Click OK to close the win dow F Make sure your bps set tings...

Страница 137: ...OK to close the window e Click OK to dismiss the Properties window f Restart your computer Restarting should ensure that the bps setting is saved G Select the Networking tab a Unselect the Internet P...

Страница 138: ...onnection from 8600Si PC Remote automatically opens a Windows Direct Con nection to your 8600Si You can connect by selecting the desired con nection from the drop down list in the CONNECT menu You can...

Страница 139: ...the telephone line from the wall phone jack to the wall connection icon on the back of the modem modem in B Connect the modem cable from the modem to the serial port of the 8600Si C Set the modem to...

Страница 140: ...are installed and it is attached to the correct port then click Properties for that modem g Make sure the port speed is set at 115200 h Click OK B Create a New Windows 2000 Dial Up Connection a Click...

Страница 141: ...r the phone number of the modem connected to the 8600Si that you are setting up k Click the Next button l Select either For all users or Only for myself The correct setting depends on how your network...

Страница 142: ...ION ORBAN MODEL n Click the Next but ton o Type in a name for your Connection such as Connection to 8600Si Modem p Click the Finish but ton q Click Yes D Edit your new Direct Connection properties a C...

Страница 143: ...select the modem you will be using to make the connection on the PC side d Click Configure e Set Maximum speed bps to 115200 f Check Enable hard ware flow control g Check Enable modem error control h...

Страница 144: ...n page 3 90 choosing this connection from 8600Si PC Remote automatically opens a Windows modem connection to your 8600Si You can connect by selecting the desired con nection from the drop down list in...

Страница 145: ...icon A list will branch off showing your available ports f Double click Communications Port COM1 or COM2 depending on how you set up your system The Communications Port Comx Properties dialog box ope...

Страница 146: ...If your modem is available in the list available under The following Modems are installed and it is attached to the correct port then click Properties for that modem g Make sure the port speed is set...

Страница 147: ...Select Serial Connection g Click the Add button h Select Dial up to private network i Click Next j k Enter the phone number of the modem connected to the 8600Si you are setting up l Click Next m n Ty...

Страница 148: ...LATION ORBAN MODEL p Click Yes D Edit your new Direct Con nection properties a Click Settings b Click the General tab c Select the modem you will be using to make the connection on the PC side d Click...

Страница 149: ...pe of dial up server I am calling field m Make sure that Internet Protocol TCP IP is checked You may leave Client for Microsoft Networks checked if you like n Click OK o When the Connection properties...

Страница 150: ...re version number of PC Remote must be the same as the version number of the software running within your 8600Si If the software version of PC Remote is higher than the version running in your 8600Si...

Страница 151: ...r 8600Si s rebooting Your 8600Si will continue to pass audio normally while the update is oc curring However the audio will be interrupted for approximately 3 sec onds when your 8600Si reboots Do not...

Страница 152: ...re Select enable and disconnect from the PC remote to update the unit and allow SNMP access If you wish to disable SNMP access after it has been enabled select dis able and then reboot your Optimod Pr...

Страница 153: ...Port Analog Input Silent Analog Input Active The analog input is selected as the input source AES Input Silent AES Error Digital Input Active The digital input is selected as the input source Set Cont...

Страница 154: ...nity string along with all SNMP requests If the community string is correct the device responds with the requested information If the community string is incorrect the device simply discards the reque...

Страница 155: ...m I O the default to set up the RDS to generate static RDS Change the RDS data dynamically by using processing presets Change the RDS data dynamically by using terminal control You can use both User P...

Страница 156: ...lt undefined Music Speech MS Default Music Decoder Info DI Default Stereo Traffic Program TP Default 0 TA Timeout TATIME Default 30 57kHz RDS Subcarrier RDS Default Off Subcarrier Level RDSLEVEL Defau...

Страница 157: ...the System RDS controls are active the Optimod will update the RDS output when a control is changed or if you select the DONE button Using Processing Presets RDS adjustment via processing presets are...

Страница 158: ...ill override the RDS settings in the active system or pro cessing preset it will not overwrite the RDS setting for the I O or preset For exam ple if you are using a processing preset to generate RDS w...

Страница 159: ...have checked the Optimod s TERMINAL ECHO box when you type a command the Optimod will return a status line relevant to the command to the Telnet client which will write it to the screen The returned...

Страница 160: ...out in minutes Default is 4 minutes Note that the timeout reverts to the default each new connection if you change the timeout for one connection it is not retained for the next one RDS Terminal Comma...

Страница 161: ...or 2 digit number from PTY list describing the station broadcast format RDS RBDS are DIFFERENT PTY 9 for North American TOP 40 PTYN Program Type Name 8 character refined format defini tion RDS RBDS ar...

Страница 162: ...rom terminal HEAD 1 Default with Head TIME Time Data on RDS Determines if time and date are transmitted in the RDS data stream 0 No 1 Yes TIME 0 turn time transmission off RDS 57kHz RDS Sub carrier 0...

Страница 163: ...mission EASTIME EAS Returns the EAS text currently in the RDS encoder s mem ory EAS RESPONSES Return Echo The command received was properly formatted and was re ceived and executed by the encoder TATI...

Страница 164: ...105 7 182 90 5 30 95 6 81 100 7 132 105 8 183 90 6 31 95 7 82 100 8 133 105 9 184 90 7 32 95 8 83 100 9 134 106 0 185 90 8 33 95 9 84 101 0 135 106 1 186 90 9 34 96 0 85 101 1 136 106 2 187 91 0 35 96...

Страница 165: ...gious Music Social Affairs 20 Religious Talk Religion 21 Personality Phone In 22 Public Non Commercial Travel 23 College Leisure 24 Spanish Talk Jazz Music 25 Spanish Music Country Music 26 Hip Hop Na...

Страница 166: ...drature with respect to the pilot tone so Figure 2 5 is for reference only If your transmission system is broad casting stereo correctly it will also correctly pass the phasing built into your Opti mo...

Страница 167: ...re inactive Control Knob is used to change the setting that is selected by the soft buttons To change a value you ordinarily have to hold down a soft button while you are turning the control knob Reca...

Страница 168: ...ight HF Limiter gain reductions Composite meter shows the output level of the stereo encoder before the composite output attenuators The meter s reading is calibrated in percent modulation Multiplex P...

Страница 169: ...ause the left and right HF enhancers are independent we have programmed this meter so that it reads the larger of the left and right HF enhancement The 8600Si s HF enhancer operates in both Two Band a...

Страница 170: ...e moder ately Excessive clipping will be perceived as audible distortion Look ahead limiting is limiting that prevents overshoots by examining a few milli seconds of the unprocessed sound before it is...

Страница 171: ...Hz when an MX preset is ac tive compared to when an 8500 style preset is active Nevertheless all intelligent processor designers must acknowledge and work within the laws of physics as they apply to t...

Страница 172: ...machines electronics and studio to transmitter link If the source material is even slightly dis torted that distortion can be greatly exaggerated by OPTIMOD FM particularly if a large amount of gain...

Страница 173: ...ance will be more predictable because the 8600Si will detect speech with substantial background music or effects as music and will not apply speech mode processing to this material About the 8600Si s...

Страница 174: ...18 dB octave highpass filter and a defeatable phase rotator com plete the input conditioning block These have both been features in Orban FM pro cessors for many years Most users will defeat the 30 H...

Страница 175: ...than 0 15 dB This means that their sound is very close to the sound of an Orban analog parametric They also use very high quality filter algo rithms to ensure low noise and distortion The 8600Si HF E...

Страница 176: ...pared to the intelligent clipping in the non MX presets See Measuring the Im provements in Optimod FM 8600 and 8600Si MX FM Peak Limiting Technology starting on page 3 99 Speech Mode You can set many...

Страница 177: ...that use synchronous demodulation of the stereo subchannel Almost every radio manufactured since 1973 works like this We have verified that the 8600Si s SSB gen erator produces more than 60 dB of sepa...

Страница 178: ...ntrol the composite waveform without significantly compromising separation pilot protection or sub carrier protection and without adding the pumping typical of simple gain control look ahead solutions...

Страница 179: ...nd than using the left right domain overshoot compensators the sound is brighter but has more aliasing distortion as discussed above If the composite clipper is active stereo separation will decrease...

Страница 180: ...qualizer and HD multi band compressor limiter will follow their counterparts in the FM analog processing chain or if the HD and FM controls can be adjusted independently See FM HD Control Coupling on...

Страница 181: ...ning BS 1770 Integrated Loudness to a specified threshold See step 12 on page 2 35 Input Output Delay The sophisticated look ahead algorithms in the 8600Si have one significant cost the input output t...

Страница 182: ...o a table that we have created in the 8600Si s permanent ROM Read Only Memory In this table are sets of subjective setup control settings that provide in our opinion the most favorable trade off betwe...

Страница 183: ...inexperienced hands leading you to create presets that sound great on some program material and fall apart embarrassingly on other material We therefore rec ommend that you create custom presets at t...

Страница 184: ...ESC button repeatedly until you see the main screen which shows the current time and the preset presently on air If there is an unsaved preset on air the rightmost button will be labeled SAVE PRESET...

Страница 185: ...re are many possible ways of configuring a processing system using analog com ponents like equalizers compressors limiters and clippers 8600Si s DSP hardware can realize several possible processing st...

Страница 186: ...s because the preset customization controls are different UL presets have fewer available controls because of the difference in processing structure Unused structures operate constantly in the backgro...

Страница 187: ...RESSED LOUD COMPRESSED 9 5 LOUD HOT LOUD HOT 8 5 LOUD HOT LL LOUD HOT LL 9 5 LOUD HOT BASS LOUD HOT BASS 9 5 LOUD HOT BASS LL LOUD HOT BASS LL 9 5 LOUD PUNCHY LOUD PUNCHY 9 0 LOUD SLAM LOUD SLAM 9 0 L...

Страница 188: ...l appear several times under different names because we felt that these presets were appropriate for more than one format these can be identified by the shared source preset name Many of the presets c...

Страница 189: ...is intended for use below threshold most of the time i e with 0 dB gain reduction to provide protection limiting in the highest quality applications such as serious classical music intended for an att...

Страница 190: ...stations should try the GOLD OPEN MX preset CRISP CRISP MX CRISP is an 8500 style preset that provides a bright upper mid range sound by emphasizing frequencies around 6 kHz It is a loud preset that i...

Страница 191: ...d or have other technical problems that make them unpleasant sounding when the processor over equalizes them in an attempt to emu late the high frequency balance of recently recorded material GOLD MX...

Страница 192: ...ing long time spent listening This very loud bright major market preset has a great deal of presence energy that cuts through on lower quality radios Its sound changes substantially as the LESS MORE c...

Страница 193: ...HOT LOUD HOT BASS is based on LOUD HOT It is tuned for the maximum amount of bass we could add without creating obvious distortion on some program material For maximum punch it uses the HARD bass clip...

Страница 194: ...s recognizes that most sports programming has very low signal to noise ratio due to crowd noise and other on field sounds so the preset does not pump this up as the NEWS TALK preset would tend to do R...

Страница 195: ...adult contemporary and soft rock formats where long time spent listening is desired SMOOTH JAZZ SMOOTH JAZZ MX These presets are designed for commercial sta tions playing smooth jazz They are loud pr...

Страница 196: ...rogram material some bass boost is usually desirable to keep the sound spectrally well balanced Ad justment of bass equalization must be determined by individual taste and by the re quirements of your...

Страница 197: ...ed curves within 0 15 dB worst case This provides warm smooth analog sounding equalization LF FREQ determines the center frequency of the equalization in Hertz Range is 20 500Hz LF GAIN determines the...

Страница 198: ...are referring to the Q of the poles of the equalizer transfer function which does not change as you adjust the amount of boost or cut The curves in the 8600Si s equalizer were created by a so called...

Страница 199: ...ands will tend to reduce the effect of the Mid frequency boost in an attempt to keep the gain con stant to prevent excessive stridency in program material that already has a great deal of presence pow...

Страница 200: ...control away from OFF When so set gating causes the gain reduction of the lowest frequency band to move to the same gain reduction minus a gain offset equal to the numeri cal setting of the control a...

Страница 201: ...f you are operating the 8600Si conservatively and not attempting to achieve very high on air loudness You have somewhat more leeway than you do in older Orban FM processors like the 8200 because the 8...

Страница 202: ...d L R added to the original signal Style sets one of two stereo enhancer types 222 or DELAY Depth sets the delay in the delay line It applies only to the DELAY enhancer AGC Controls The AGC is common...

Страница 203: ...enever the input level to the structure is below the threshold of gating The total amount of gain reduction in the Five Band structure is the sum of the gain reduction in the AGC and the gain reductio...

Страница 204: ...f sound effect which may cause listener fatigue Adjust the AGC with the AGC DRIVE control to produce the desired amount of AGC action and then fine tune the compression and clipping with the Five Band...

Страница 205: ...ve You may have to tweak this control to achieve the same bass balance that you had previously with V1 x software AGC Max Delta GR determines the maximum gain difference permitted between the two chan...

Страница 206: ...ed in units of dB Previous Orban AGCs had compression ratios very close to 1 which produces the most consistent and uniform sound However the 8600Si compressor can reduce this ratio to as low as 2 1 T...

Страница 207: ...it the same as MASTER DELTA THRESHOLD AGC Crossover allows you to choose ALLPASS LINODLY or LINEAR modes ALLPASS is a phase rotating crossover like the one used in the 8200 s two band AGC It introduce...

Страница 208: ...d after bands 1 and 2 are summed In the Two Band structure the peak limiter is located after the Bass band Peak Limiter Controls Common to 8500 style and MX Presets Except for COMP MODE and MULTIPLEX...

Страница 209: ...r a harmonic relationship to the material that pro duced them If you want to use the composite limiter more heavily one option is to trade off composite limiting against left right domain overshoot co...

Страница 210: ...igure 3 2 on page 3 43 We believe that 250 Hz is a good compromise between excessive width which would cause overshoot and insufficient protection 250 Hz is sufficient to protect the phase locked loop...

Страница 211: ...tomize a preset in any way in cluding using LESS MORE you may wish to trim the MULTIPLEX POWER OFFSET for that preset so that the multiplex power controller produces 2 3 dB of indicated gain reduction...

Страница 212: ...E to LLHARD from any other mode removes five milliseconds of delay from the signal path Switching can cause audi ble clicks pops or thumps due to waveform discontinuity if it occurs during program mat...

Страница 213: ...ompanied by a bass guitar and listen for IM distor tion induced by the bass pushing the midrange into the clipping system In general unless you have a very good reason to set the control elsewhere we...

Страница 214: ...the settings of the various distortion determining controls at various levels of processing The 8600Si s multiband clipping and distortion control system works to help prevent audible distortion in t...

Страница 215: ...ipper characteristics use sophisticated look ahead algorithms that produce lower distortion than HARD mode re gardless of where the HARDCLIPSHAPE control is set However operating in HARD mode with the...

Страница 216: ...may include loss of bass punch harsh clipping distortion soft IM distortion and or excessive density that can cause fatigue If you intend to make adjustments at the intermediate or advanced levels it...

Страница 217: ...and punch at the expense of audible clipping distortion Lower settings are cleaner but may reduce punch and loudness We prefer it at 0 which is its cleanest setting All MX factory presets use this set...

Страница 218: ...IMOD FM 8200 the 8600Si s Two Band Structure is phase linear throughout to maximize sonic transparency The Two Band structure has an open easy to listen to sound that is similar to the source material...

Страница 219: ...s the level of the music in ways that are for all practical pur poses inaudible to the listener Low level passages are increased in level by up to 10 dB while the dynamics of crescendos are maintained...

Страница 220: ...se controls are available only from PC Remote AGC Equalizer Stereo Enhancer and Clipper controls are common to both Two Band and Five Band structures and are described in their own sections earlier in...

Страница 221: ...vel of quiet passages in input material with wide dy namic range may eventually be increased unnaturally Accordingly when you oper ate the 2B RELEASE control between 8 and 2 dB second it may be wise t...

Страница 222: ...gates are gat ed However recovery is slow enough to be imperceptible This avoids OPTIMOD FM s getting stuck with a large amount of gain reduction on a long low level musi cal passage immediately foll...

Страница 223: ...pressor 2B Bass Comp Threshold determines the compression threshold of the bass band in the Two Band Compressor It can be used to set the target spectral balance of the Two Band Compressor As the Two...

Страница 224: ...high frequency limiting and excessive distortion due to clipping This control only affects the analog processing chain The HF Limiting control is in the clippers screen in the unit HF Clip Threshold...

Страница 225: ...the Settings which fol lows Customizing the Settings The LESS MORE control can edit each of these presets to optimize the trade off be tween loudness and distortion according to the needs of the form...

Страница 226: ...is very important to be aware of the many negative subjective side effects of excessive density when setting controls that affect the density of the processed sound The MB DRIVE interacts with the MB...

Страница 227: ...0 25 see MB ATTACK REL screen Slow Slow2 Med Med2 MFast MFast2 Fast Speech MB Release See above Gate Thresh Off 44 15 dB MB Clipping 4 0 5 0 dB Speech Thr 4 0 5 0 dB Down Expand Off 18 0 12 0 dB B5 D...

Страница 228: ...d highs are in perfect balance to the mids no mat ter what was on the original recording The Fast setting is used only for the TALK and SPORTS factory programming formats Processing for this sound kee...

Страница 229: ...ch has its own threshold con trol V2 0 software sets the multiband compressor s gating threshold with respect to the signal driving the multiband compressor limiter which follows the AGC Meanwhile the...

Страница 230: ...s the final clipping section The distortion controlling section uses a combination of distortion cancelled clipping and look ahead processing to antici pate and prevent excessive clipping distortion i...

Страница 231: ...rol and to recall the preset that complements the program ma terial of the moment Note also that it is virtually impossible to achieve undetectable dynamic noise reduc tion of program material that is...

Страница 232: ...alog processing chain and one for the HD processing chain The mixer controls for the HD processing chain also de termine the spectral balance of the low delay monitor output The range of the band mix...

Страница 233: ...making small changes around the factory settings to avoid changing the range over which the MB CLIPPING control operates These controls will affect the spectral balance of the processing above thresh...

Страница 234: ...le presets only sets the threshold of the clipping distortion controller with reference to the threshold of the final clipper in dB For best clipping distortion control most effective setting for this...

Страница 235: ...ltiband clipper Functionally this control is a mix control that adds a HF limiter gain reduction signal to the band 4 gain reduction signal to determine the total gain reduction in band 5 Higher setti...

Страница 236: ...ity in the multiband com pressor limiter Defeating look ahead improves transient impact at the expense of distortion particularly on speech To mitigate this tradeoff a selectable auto mode turns look...

Страница 237: ...ou may now program two GPI inputs to recall these two presets as desired Recall the first preset to force music mode and recall the second preset to force speech mode Of course you can use any other m...

Страница 238: ...that the 8600Si s HD output is driving Adjust the threshold until you find a good compromise be tween presence and high frequency codec artifacts We find the range from 6 0 to 6 0 dB to be useful Use...

Страница 239: ...HD channels must have a fixed and predictable offset correctly implementing the HD Radio receiver s time diversity processing This diversity delay is part of the HD Radio system specification The ava...

Страница 240: ...D Radio receivers will sound very bad Note too that switching between an MX and non MX preset will cause about 345 ms of audio to be repeated or dropped HD I O Setup Controls Input Output HD Digital R...

Страница 241: ...rossfade point This prevents audible comb filtering during crossfades The setting of this control is critical to get best results and you should adjust it to one sample accuracy In PC Remote drag the...

Страница 242: ...control to achieve the deepest null This works best if the HD and FM analog loudnesses are matched use the HD LIMIT DRIVE control to do this If your facility has two FM analog exciters one of which i...

Страница 243: ...icient to dither the output correctly In this case you should add dither within the 8600Si by turning this control on Sync determines if the sample rate appearing at the digital channel output is sync...

Страница 244: ...M counterparts These are described in earlier parts of Section 3 in this manual FM HD Control Coupling determines if audio controls affecting the HD equalizer and HD multiband limiter will track their...

Страница 245: ...ls in conjunction with the HF shelving equalizer Yet another reason to use HF rolloff in the digital channel channel is to reduce codec artifacts at the high frequencies the familiar watery sound When...

Страница 246: ...ting the control at 18 0 and fine tune it to taste from there Once you have set the HD DE ESS control to your liking save the resulting preset as a User Preset The default setting is 18 which provides...

Страница 247: ...ion of overshoots and how they force the average modulation to be reduced to prevent peak overmodulation of the FM carrier Because the 8600Si does not digitize subcarriers applied to its subcarrier in...

Страница 248: ...ction 1 of this manual has an extensive discussion of overshoot in transmission paths See Transmission from Studio to Transmitter on page 1 16 and following pag es Many paths have overshoot and this f...

Страница 249: ...ly from the left and right audio signals the setting of the PILOT LEVEL control and the setting of the COMPOSITE LIMIT DRIVE control Hence the multiplex power controller does not take into account the...

Страница 250: ...ase times above and below the threshold Higher numbered presets provide slower release times both above and below the gating threshold Unlike the MPX POWER THRESHOLD control a System control the MPX P...

Страница 251: ...9 to the total modulation Hence a TONE LVL setting of 91 produces 100 modulation 91 9 Note that when the Optimod is in TONE mode and its analog or digital L R out puts are set to FLAT instead of PRE...

Страница 252: ...bass while us ing modulation headroom efficiently For hundreds of years pipe organ makers have tricked the ear into hearing non existent fundamental tones which would re quire huge expensive pipes by...

Страница 253: ...bstantial bass boost to the input by using the equalizer con trols A small amount of boost will just be automatically re equalized away check the factory presets to see what we mean by substantial Bea...

Страница 254: ...ate the impression of more bass on smaller ra dios See the discussion of these controls on page 3 51 Summary Bass is a matter of preference but the canny broadcast engineer will be aware of the variab...

Страница 255: ...OPTIMOD FM DIGITAL OPERATION 3 89...

Страница 256: ...d the appropriate Win dows communications services on your computer By default the installer installs a shortcut to 8600SiPC exe on your desktop and in your Start Menu under Orban Optimod 8600Si 8600S...

Страница 257: ...T drop down menu If the connection is successful a dialog bubble will appear on the bottom right hand corner of the screen verifying your connection If a warning message appears stating No password is...

Страница 258: ...Continually clicking the RECALL PRESET button will toggle between the current and previous on air presets D Click DONE to dismiss the OPEN PRESET FILE dialog box The folder on your hard drive contain...

Страница 259: ...mod that you are backing up This folder name backup and location are hard coded into the soft ware If you wish to move the backup files somewhere else later use a file manager like Explorer on your co...

Страница 260: ...ou can load archived preset files from OPTIMOD FM 5500 5700 8400 8500 and 8600 The 8600Si supports all features on these processors except for stand alone stereo encoder mode in the 5500 5500 and 8400...

Страница 261: ...ser Preset from within the RESTORE FROM PC dialog box B Click the RESTORE button This User Preset will be downloaded to the 8600Si to which 8600Si PC Remote is currently connected If the User Preset i...

Страница 262: ...the END PC REMOTE button will remain displayed on the 8600Si s front panel If you then select that button the ppp connection will close This behavior ensures that a user can tell from the 8600Si s fr...

Страница 263: ...trolled by it Therefore you will only need multiple installations of PC Remote having separate version numbers if you are controlling multiple 8600Si and not all of your 8600Si are running the same ve...

Страница 264: ...tly updated You can do this two different ways Rename the Alias preferred Start the Optimod 8600Si PC Remote executable you wish to use and rename your old Aliases with a slightly different name A new...

Страница 265: ...lim iter typically provides 2 5 to 3 dB more power at high frequencies which minimizes audible HF loss caused by preemphasis limiting Drums and percussion cut through the mix Highs are airy Problem ma...

Страница 266: ...ss and minimize high frequency loss Measurements The improved performance of the MX peak limiter can be verified by objective measurements with real world program material To measure the improvements...

Страница 267: ...ets have essentially identical loudness and are designed to have similar spectral balance in the midrange frequencies and below A higher reading in a given frequency band indicates that that band has...

Страница 268: ...elfth octave ratio that compares the spectrum of the 8500 and 8600 outputs in a more detailed way than the third octave ratio seen in Figure 3 5 It shows the 8600 s 4 6 dB suppression of mainly harmon...

Страница 269: ...ban processor was negligible compared to the effect of even modest multipath and considerably less than certain other non Orban processors produce with this material Note that the increase in the outp...

Страница 270: ...ge 3 103 shows a snare drum hit from Simple Minds Alive and Kicking The original CD dates from the days before hypercompression in mastering ruined the sound of most CDs the snare drum has plenty of p...

Страница 271: ...easurement techniques it is possible to verify some subjective claims objectively by making measurements that use real world program material as the excitation These meas urements have verified that t...

Страница 272: ......

Страница 273: ...that the 8600Si is at fault The troubleshooting information in Section 5 will help you determine if the problem is with OPTIMOD FM or is somewhere else in the station s equip ment 3 Periodically check...

Страница 274: ...ng the pins Note the lead dress so you can re assemble the unit correctly B Detach the front panel from the unit a On each side of the chassis remove the three screws close to the front panel b Remove...

Страница 275: ...rd is now free and can be removed from the chassis 5 Removing the I O DSP Input Output DSP Board A If you have not yet done so remove the top cover steps 1 above B Unlock all XLR connectors Using a je...

Страница 276: ...to the AC line socket D Unplug the cable connecting the output of the power supply to the I O DSP board E Using a hex nutdriver remove the threaded standoff that supports the power supply s insulatin...

Страница 277: ...ws located on each side of the front panel Be sure that the large side of each bracket is oriented toward the rack screw cutouts in the panel E Place the metal shield over the captive screws on each s...

Страница 278: ...function generator for sync tests Stanford Research Systems DS340 or equivalent The technician should be thoroughly familiar with the operation of this equipment This procedure is useful for detecting...

Страница 279: ...th a non approved supply may compromise your Optimod s compliance with the EMI and safety regulations in your country The 3 3V 1 2V and 2 5V supplies are locally regulated on the DSP and control board...

Страница 280: ...controls as follows WORD LENGTH 20 f Navigate to Setup STEREO ENCODER Press the Next button Set the ITU412 control to OFF g Navigate to Setup TEST Set controls as follows MODE Bypass NOTE Bypass defe...

Страница 281: ...you are still in BYPASS mode and that the BYPASS GAIN 0 0 dB see step 3 F C Connect the oscillator to the Left Analog Input XLR connector D Inject the Analog Input XLR connector with a level of 10 dBu...

Страница 282: ...vel of the oscillator at higher frequencies to compensate for the pre emphasis boost in the 8600Si As the frequency increases you will have to reduce the output level of the generator to follow the 75...

Страница 283: ...the frequencies measured at the 8600Si s AES3 Digital Output fol low the values in the chart below within given tolerances Sample Rate Tolerance PPM Tolerance Hz 32 0 kHz 100 PPM 3 20 Hz 44 1 kHz 100...

Страница 284: ...and verify that the 8600Si s output sample rate tracks it See the comments in step C above E Set the 8600Si s PILOT SYNC control to DIG IN F Sequentially apply AES3 or AES11 signals having 32kHz 44 1...

Страница 285: ...n units of dB below 100 modulation This is right into left stereo separation It should not exceed 55 dB 50 15 000 Hz L Set the TONE CHAN to L R and the TONE FREQ to 5000 0 HZ Measure the 38 kHz subcar...

Страница 286: ...l modem cable See Networking and Remote Con trol starting on page 2 47 in particular step 4 on page 2 49 11 Return OPTIMOD FM to service A Restore your normal operating parameters using the notes you...

Страница 287: ...citer a ground loop may inject noise into the exciter s composite input especially if the exciter s input is unbalanced A Jensen JT 123 BMCF transformer can almost always cure this problem see page 1...

Страница 288: ...plied to the output you are using to drive your transmitter See step 9 E on page 2 30 and step 10 B on page 2 31 Audible Distortion On Air Make sure that the problem can be observed on more than one r...

Страница 289: ...mic single ended noise reduction see MB Down Ex pander on page 3 64 can be used to reduce the level of the noise below the level at which it appears at the input If you are using the 8600Si s analog i...

Страница 290: ...sively If the 8600Si and the rest of the transmission system are operat ing correctly subcarriers should experience no interference Interference from the stereo into a subcarrier is best diagnosed wit...

Страница 291: ...ry poor peak modulation control You will always achieve better peak control by defeating the pre emphasis and in put filters of an external stereo encoder permitting the 8600Si to perform these functi...

Страница 292: ...8600Si s input This will cause innocuous linear crosstalk be tween the stereo main and subchannels Such crosstalk does not cause subjective quality problems unless it is very severe Audio Mute Occurs...

Страница 293: ...1770 Safety Limiter is ON adjusting the HD assigned 100 PEAK LEVEL CONTROL sets only the output headroom not loudness See step 12 on page 2 35 Loudness Drops Momentarily During HD Radio Analog Digita...

Страница 294: ...ions particularly with regard to minimizing overshoot and noise Security Passcode Lost When Unit is Locked Out Please see If You Have Forgotten Your Passcode on page 2 44 Connection Issues between the...

Страница 295: ...that you have entered the correct phone number for connection C Check that you have entered the passcode correctly on the 8600Si and the passcode has also been entered correctly on your PC D Ensure th...

Страница 296: ...the Networking tab E Set Type of dial up server I am calling to PPP Windows 95 98 NT4 2000 In ternet F Select the Settings button and make sure all PPP settings are unchecked Then click OK G In Compo...

Страница 297: ...IES for the connection a Click START PROGRAMS ACCESSORIES COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK AND DIAL UP CONNECTIONS b Right click the name of your connection and access PROPERTIES c Go to the GENERALS TAB and se...

Страница 298: ...l TCP IP Window P In the Advanced TCP IP Settings select the General Tab make sure that no check boxes are checked Q Click OK to dismiss the Advanced TCP IP Settings window R Click OK to dismiss the I...

Страница 299: ...miss the Advanced TCP IP Settings window M On the Properties window for Optimod 8600Si Modem click the Ad vanced tab N Click OK to dismiss the window whose name is your new connection O Click Cancel t...

Страница 300: ...ndent of IC characteristics and dependent only on external feed back components The feedback forces the voltage at the input terminal to be extremely close to the voltage at the input terminal Therefo...

Страница 301: ...rec ommend you include a letter describing the problem Please refer to the terms of your Limited One Year Standard Warranty which ex tends to the first end user After expiration of the warranty a rea...

Страница 302: ...l not withstand the stresses applied to commercial ship ments Mark the package with the name of the shipper and with these words in red DELICATE INSTRUMENT FRAGILE Insure the package properly Ship pre...

Страница 303: ...cessor is set for Limit Drive AGC Drive Two Band Drive and or Multi Band Drive gating level equalization noise reduction etc The dynamic range of the A D Converter which has a specified overload to no...

Страница 304: ...ronically balanced floating and symmetrical A D Conversion 24 bit 128x oversampled delta sigma converter with linear phase anti aliasing filter Filtering RFI filtered with high pass filter at 0 15 Hz...

Страница 305: ...kHz 44 1 kHz 48 kHz 88 2 kHz and 96 kHz as configured in software Word Length Software selected for 24 20 18 16 or 14 bit resolution First order highpass noise shaped dither can be optionally added d...

Страница 306: ...mphasized 20 Hz 15 kHz bandwidth ref erenced to 100 modulation unweighted Stereo Separation 50 dB 20 Hz 15 kHz 60 dB typical Crosstalk Linear 80 dB main channel to sub channel or sub channel to main c...

Страница 307: ...or using a crossover Ethernet cable directly to a computer Ethernet Networking Standard TCP IP Remote Control GPI Interface Configuration Eight 8 inputs opto isolated and floating Voltage 6 15V AC or...

Страница 308: ...components that cannot be removed or replaced with typical tools available in the field Field repair ordinarily consists of swapping entire PC boards The section starts with an overview of the 8600Si...

Страница 309: ...ram has crashed and automatically reboots the SC520 The DSP chips will continue to process audio until the time comes to reload DSP program code into them At this point the audio will mute for about a...

Страница 310: ...etc All other circuitry is surface mount and is not field repairable Switch Matrix and LED Indicators Located on display board Eleven front panel pushbutton switches are arranged in a matrix configur...

Страница 311: ...amplifier that has an adjustable digitally controlled gain Analog switches set the gain The outputs of a latch set the state of the switches By writ ing data to the latch the control circuits preset...

Страница 312: ...onverter SRC IC503B This ac cepts and sample rate converts any of the standard 32 kHz 44 1 kHz 48 kHz 88 2 kHz and 96 kHz rates in addition to any digital audio sample rate within the range of 32 kHz...

Страница 313: ...als requiring further relatively undemanding analog filter ing Analog Output Stages Located on Input Output DSP board The left and right analog signals emerging from IC306 are each filtered ampli fied...

Страница 314: ...ut in the analog domain The composite output level controls COMP1 LVL and COMP2 LV therefore do not affect the absolute level of the SCA appearing at the 8600Si s outputs The second SCA input can be j...

Страница 315: ...p to 512 kHz is used In stand alone stereo encoder mode the minimum sample rate is 64 kHz System initialization normally occurs when power is first applied to the 8600Si and can occur abnormally if th...

Страница 316: ...utomatic gain control A I analog input A O analog output BAL balanced refers to an audio connection with two active conductors and one shield sur rounding them BBC British Broadcasting Corporation BNC...

Страница 317: ...LP low pass LVL level MHF midrange high frequency MLF midrange low frequency MOD modulation N D noise and distortion N C no connection OSHOOT overshoot PC IBM compatible personal computer PCM pulse c...

Страница 318: ...of a part includes the note selected or realignment required Orban normally maintains an inventory of tested exact replacement parts that can be supplied quickly at nominal cost Standardized spare pa...

Страница 319: ...DER DOUBLE ROW 6P 2X3 J14 27421 004 01 CONNECTOR HEADER DOUBLE ROW 4P 2X2 J10 J13 27630 001 01 JUMPER PC MOUNT TEST PT TP100 27451 005 01 CONNECTOR STR DOUBLE ROW 26 PIN J11 27406 014 01 CONNECTOR SOC...

Страница 320: ...2 21141 000 01 CAPACITOR NPO 1000PF 1 0805 C11 20237 472 01 RESISTOR NETWORK 8R ISO 5 RN5 20132 100 01 RESISTOR 1 8W 1 100K R0805 R40 R41 R42 R43 R44 R45 R50 R54 R57 R59 R65 R70 R78 R83 R85 20131 147...

Страница 321: ...E IC701 20129 100 01 RESISTOR 100 OHM 0805 R335 R336 R337 R338 NO STUFF 27451 009 01 HEADER STR DOUBLE ROW 60P PCMNT J1001 27426 005 01 HEADER UNSHRD J1002 27426 003 01 CONNECTOR HEADER 3PIN SNGL RW J...

Страница 322: ...943 C944 C945 C946 C947 C948 C1010 C1011 C1012 C1013 C1014 C1015 C1016 C1017 C1018 C1019 C1020 C1021 C1022 C1023 C1024 C1025 C1026 C1104 C1105 C1106 C1107 C1108 C1109 C1110 C1217 C1218 C1219 C1220 C12...

Страница 323: ...3 IC304 IC305 IC403 IC404 IC405 IC406 IC407 24958 000 01 IC DRV134PA IC301 IC302 24307 901 01 IC LINEAR DC REG 5V POS I IC1203 24024 000 01 IC OPA2134PA IC201 IC202 23214 000 01 TSTR NPN MMBT3904 Q100...

Страница 324: ...RESISTOR 0 1 5 36K 0805 R219 R220 R221 R222 20151 365 01 RESISTOR 0 1 3 65K 0805 R233 R234 R235 R236 R237 R238 R239 R240 20133 100 01 RESISTOR 1 8W 1 1 0M 0805 R251 R252 R305 R306 R425 R426 R513 2013...

Страница 325: ...5 000 01 INDUCTOR 3 9uH CHIP 1008 L5 L6 L7 L8 21142 560 01 CAPACITOR 560pf 50v 1 NPO 0805 C9 C10 C11 C12 24025 000 01 IC 8DIP BUF634P IC3 IC4 24960 000 01 IC OPA2134UA IC1 IC2 21147 022 01 CAPACITOR 2...

Страница 326: ...fferences between the drawings and your unit are probably due to product improvements or production changes since the publication of this manual If you intend to replace parts please read page 6 16 Pl...

Страница 327: ...chematic 5 of 12 6 40 DSP Enhanced Serial Audio Inter face Schematic 6 of 12 6 41 DSP Control Interface Schematic 7 of 12 6 42 DSP External Memory Control In terface Schematic 8 of 12 6 43 DSP Power a...

Страница 328: ......

Страница 329: ...OPTIMOD FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA 6 27 INPUT OUTPUT INPUT OUTPUT DSP SECTION DSP SECTION DISPLAY ASSEMBLY AC LINE SUPPLY POWER WARNING UNDER SHIELD ARE EXPOSED TO PARTS CONTROL BOARD BOARD...

Страница 330: ...6 28 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si CONTROL BOARD PARTS LOCATOR...

Страница 331: ...PIO2 6 GP ME MCS 16 N PIO2 5 GP IOCS 16 N PIO1 3 GP IRQ1 0 PIO2 3 GP IRQ0 PIO2 2 GP IRQ1 PIO1 5 GP IRQ8 PIO2 1 GP IRQ2 DACK 0 N DRE Q0 GP D 0 1 5 GP A 0 2 5 IS A_A16 IS A_A17 IS A_A18 IS A_A19 IS A_A2...

Страница 332: ...3 MA4 MA5 MA6 MA7 MA8 MA9 MA10 MA11 MA12 MA0 MA1 MA2 MA3 MA4 MA5 MA6 MA7 MA8 MA9 MA10 MA11 MA12 BA0 BA1 MD0 MD1 MD2 MD3 MD4 MD5 MD6 MD7 MD8 MD9 MD10 MD11 MD12 MD13 MD14 MD15 MD 0 3 1 MA0 MA1 MA2 MA3 M...

Страница 333: ...D 0 3 1 PCI_ AD24 PCI_ CB E 0 N PCI_ CB E 1 N PCI_ CB E 2 N PCI_ CB E 3 N PCI_ RE S E T N PCI_ DE VS E L N PCI_ S TOP N PCI_ IRDY N PCI_ TRDY N PCI_ FRA ME N PCI_ PE RR N PCI_ S E RR N PCI_ PARITY PCI...

Страница 334: ...J8 HDR 2X2 KE Y KE Y TO P OW E R ON LE D DB 25 M NC AF2 5 NC AF2 3 NC AF1 NC AE 25 NC AE 24 NC AE 1 NC AD25 NC AD26 NC AD1 NC AD2 NC AC2 5 NC AC3 NC AA26 NC AB4 NC AB3 NC E 23 NC D23 NC C2 2 NC E 3 N...

Страница 335: ...56 0 01UF C1 58 0 01UF C1 60 0 01UF C1 62 0 01UF C1 80 0 01UF C1 4 1 0UF C1 7 1 0UF C1 25 1 0UF C1 32 1 0UF C1 51 1 0UF C1 53 1 0UF C1 55 1 0UF C1 57 1 0UF C1 59 1 0UF C1 61 1 0UF C1 75 1 0UF C1 78 1...

Страница 336: ...6 34 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si 5700 8600S I O DSP BOARD PARTS LOCATOR DRAWING 32370 860 01...

Страница 337: ..._SDI 3_0 IC603_SDI 3_0 IC602_SDI 3_0 IC601_SDI 3_0 IC602_SDI 2_0 IC602_SDI 0_0 IC602_SDI 1_0 IC601_SDI 2_0 IC601_SDI 0_0 IC601_SDI 1_0 DFS CK S01 DARST N ADRST N SRCRST N OUT_F CL K OUT_BCL K IN_FCL K...

Страница 338: ...R220 5 36K 0 1 R222 5 36K D0 3 Q0 2 D1 4 Q1 5 D2 7 Q2 6 D3 8 Q3 9 D4 13 Q4 12 D5 14 Q5 15 D6 17 Q6 16 D7 18 Q7 19 O E 1 C L K 11 V C C 20 G ND 10 IC209 74HCT374PW D1 2 D2 15 D3 10 D4 7 GND 5 IN1 1 IN2...

Страница 339: ...1 2 3 1000PF L306 FILTER C R 302 T R ANS ZO R B C R 304 T R ANS ZO R B R332 R334 L310 C328 C330 C324 C326 R336 R338 COMPONENT REF DESIGNATOR 8600S VALUE 93xx VALUE 3 9uH 1008 NO STUFF NO STUFF 1200uH...

Страница 340: ...04A OPA2134UA 5 6 7 IC4 04B OPA2134UA 3 2 1 IC4 06A OPA2134UA 15V 15V AGND5 Servo f 3dB 0 01Hz Servo f 3dB 0 01Hz TO COMPOSITE SCA DAUGHTER BOARD AGND5 4 8 IC4 03C OPA2134UA 15V 15V AGND5 4 8 IC4 05C...

Страница 341: ...OPTIMOD FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA 6 39 8600S I O BOARD COMPOSITE SCA DAUGHTERBOARD SHEET 4b of 12 62310 000 02 1...

Страница 342: ...TDMIA 61 BYPA 8 MUTEA 19 LRCKOA 62 BCKOA 63 SDOUTA 64 RATIOA 17 RDYA 18 IC503A IC SRC4184I PAG RCKIB 29 LRCKIB 54 BCKIB 53 SDINB 55 TDMIB 52 BYPB 41 MUTEB 30 LRCKOB 51 BCKOB 50 SDOUTB 49 RATIOB 32 RD...

Страница 343: ..._0 SDO3_0 PC8_0 87 SDI3_0 SDO2_0 PC9_0 88 HCKT_0 PC5_0 STCLK 89 FST_0 PC4_0 90 SCKT_0 PC3_0 91 HCKR_0 PC2_0 SRCK 92 SCKR_0 PC0_0 93 FSR_0 PC1_0 94 SDI0_1 SDO5_1 PE6_0 97 SDI1_1 SDO4_1 PE7_0 98 SDI2_1...

Страница 344: ...DA1 IRQC PG7 129 MODD0 PG1 140 MODC0 PLOCK PG0 141 MODB0 IRQB PG6 142 MODA0 IRQA PG5 143 SCAN 144 IC605B DSP B56724AG XTAL 79 EXTAL 80 TMS 101 TCK 102 TDI 103 TDO 104 PINIT NMI0 105 WDT 106 RESET 111...

Страница 345: ...PA11 55 LAD12 PA12 54 LAD13 PA13 53 LAD14 PA14 52 LAD15 PA15 51 LAD16 PA16 50 LAD17 PA17 45 LAD18 PA18 44 LAD19 PA19 43 LAD20 PA20 42 LAD21 PA21 41 LAD22 PA22 40 LAD23 PA23 39 LALE 3 LCS0 4 LCS1 5 LCS...

Страница 346: ...ND 82 CORE_VDD 95 CORE_GND 96 IO_VDD 107 IO_GND 108 CORE_VDD 109 CORE_GND 110 CORE_VDD 130 CORE_GND 131 IO_VDD 132 IO_GND 133 CORE_GND 47 IO_VDD 48 IO_GND 49 IO_GND 59 CORE_VDD 60 CORE_GND 61 CORE_VDD...

Страница 347: ...served reserved reserved reserved reserved reserved reserved reserved D 0 7 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D 0 7 SHT2 11 PIC_MCLK INGAIN_CS N DOUTSR_CS N SOUT2 SIN2 PIO28 CTS2 N RTS2 N SSI_DO SSI_CLK 24 576M...

Страница 348: ...I0 426 16 I0 423 17 I0 417 19 I0 414 20 I0 408 21 I0 405 22 I0 429 23 I0 399 24 I0 420 25 I0 396 26 I0 390 27 I0 387 28 I0 GCK1 381 30 IO 402 31 I0 384 35 F unction B lock 1 I0 GTS3 363 2 I0 GTS4 360...

Страница 349: ...L PCA 3 3V R1212 1 62K L1201 1 5uH L1202 1 5uH M7 M8 M9 M10 M11 M12 1 2 J1203 HDR 2 SS TRCK 1 PVIN 6 PVIN 7 SW 8 SW 9 PGND 10 PGND 11 EN 12 VCC 13 AVIN 14 AGND 15 SYNC 16 FB 2 PGOOD 3 COMP 4 NC 5 G ND...

Страница 350: ...6 48 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si FRONT REAR FRONT PANEL PARTS LOCATOR DIAGRAM 32275 000 09...

Страница 351: ...TARY ENCODER SOEARTH MNT HOLE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 JP203 CABLE_26P 1 D 0 D 3 D 2 D 5 D 4 D 7 D 6 D LED DISROWD ENCODER DISCOLA DISROWA DISROWB DISROWC D...

Страница 352: ...4 S6 1 2 3 4 S7 1 2 S8 1 2 S9 1 2 S10 1 2 S11 RECALL MODIFY SETUP PREV NEXT SOFT 2 SOFT 4 SOFT 3 SOFT 1 PREV NEXT ESCAPE RECALL MODIFY SETUP CONTRAST FP_ROW26 FP_ROW27 FP_ROW28 FP_ROW29 NOTE BAR GRAP...

Страница 353: ...6 P2 8x2 POSTS F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 F13 F14 F15 F16 F17 F18 F19 F20 F21 F22 F23 F24 F25 F26 F25 F26 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 P3 8x2 POSTS FY0 FY1 FY2 FY3 FY4 FY5 FY6 FY...

Страница 354: ...6 52 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si...

Страница 355: ...OPTIMOD FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA 6 53...

Страница 356: ...6 54 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si...

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