
21
Structure and Operation
B
1. Circuit Closing
The closing operation of mechanism applies the current to the load. When energized, some loads makes inrush
current much greater than rated current (In) (e.g. Motor takes in 7~8times of In for a few seconds).To prevent
these over current which causes the dangerous phenomena for contacts (Erosion by arcs), closing operation
should be prompt. If a circuit breaker is in accordance with all standard cases, it should be able to endure 15~20
times of the rated current and be opened promptly for the faults occurred during closing operation or after it has closed.
2. Current Conducting
A circuit breaker must not be exceeding an acceptable temperature rise under normal current conducting and
there must be safe current conducting within specified breaking time under over current.
Furthermore, if a circuit breaker is of the discriminated type, it must has the structure which can withstand the
high electrodynamics to accept the short-circuit current while a circuit breaker in downstream is operating tobreak it.
3. Circuit Opening, Current Breaking
1) Current can be broken manually or remotely by voluntary operation on mechanism.
2) A circuit breaker opens a circuit automatically under condition of current which may has any values at
this time by an auxiliary trip unit (Under voltage, Ground fault, etc.)
3) A circuit breaker opens a circuit automatically against the over current because it is operated by OCR
(the trip unit) even if it is in the closed position.
4. Isolation
When a circuit breaker is open, a certain isolation level is required between charging and non-charging parts.
The Isolation Level is decided by following tests.
1) A maximum leakage current test under rated using voltage (Max. Ue)
2) An impulse voltage
1. Instantaneous Trip
When short-circuit current flows in, ACB trips instantly to minimize side effect due to the accident on load side.
It is called instantaneous trip.
2. Time delay Breaking
When abnormal current flows in such as inrush current of transformer or condenser, and starting current of motor,
ACB keeps the conducting condition for a regular time and break the current if it is continuously remained.
In case of short-circuit, ACB minimizes the damage from accident by keeping the circuit for the time previously set
concerning the operating time of branch breakers under selective discrimination.
However, it breaks the circuit after the delayed time in case abnormal current continuously flows in due to the
breaking failure of branch breakers. It is called as Time delayed breaking.
3. Overload Trip
If the current which exceeds the rated current flows in continuously, the cable is getting hotter and it causes
the big fire. Therefore, ACB breaks the current before the temperature of cable reaches the dangerous level.
It is called overload trip.
4. Ground - Fault Trip
Ground fault defines as current flows into the ground from circuit or charging part of load due to breakdown.
If ground fault current flows, it is inducted to other cables nearby owing to electronic induction, voltage level is risen
and it finally cause severe effects or damage on other device.
Furthermore, in case personnel hands are touched, it may result in electrical shock. Ground fault breaking is to prevent
any possible accident occurred from ground fault.
ACB Prevents a Fire, a Property Damage, the Breakage of an Electrical Equipment
on Load capital side by Protecting a Circuit from the capital fault Currents.
2. Basic Function and Breaking Operation
There are Following Breaking Principles Regarding Over Current.
Содержание Metasol Series
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