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  400 

Series 

 

 

EN - 71

13.2. INSULATION RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT 
13.2.1. Purpose of the test 

Check that the insulation resistance of the installation complies with the  requirements of 
IEE 16

th

 edition standard. 

 

EXAMPLE OF INSULATION MEASUREMENT ON AN INSTALLATION 

 

 

Fig. 33: Insulation measurements on an installation 

 
The switches D and E are those installed near the load having the purpose of separating it 
from the installation. In case the above said RCDs do not exist, or they are monophase, it 
is necessary to disconnect the users from the installation before effecting the insulation 
resistance test. 
 
A procedure indicating how to effect the insulation resistance measurement on an 
installation is reported in Table 3 
 

Содержание 400 Series

Страница 1: ... Copyright HT ITALIA 2014 Release EN 2 02 24 09 2014 400 Series User manual ...

Страница 2: ......

Страница 3: ... 12 6 1 1 Description of anomalous results 14 6 2 LOWOHM Continuity test of earth leads with 200mA 17 6 2 1 CAL mode 19 6 2 2 Description of anomalous results 20 6 3 M Measurement of the insulation resistance 22 6 3 1 Description of anomalous results 24 6 4 RCD Test on A type and AC type RCDs 26 6 4 1 AUTO mode 28 6 4 2 x mode 29 6 4 3 x1 x2 x5 mode 30 6 4 4 mode 31 6 4 5 RA mode 32 6 4 6 Descript...

Страница 4: ... 68 11 3 General characteristics 68 11 4 ENVIRONMENT 68 11 4 1 Environmental working conditions 68 11 5 Accessories 68 12 SERVICE 69 12 1 Warranty conditions 69 12 2 Service 69 13 PRACTICAL REPORTS FOR ELECTRICAL TESTS 70 13 1 Continuity measurement on protective conductors 70 13 1 1 Purpose of the test 70 13 1 2 Installation parts to be checked 70 13 1 3 Allowable values 70 13 2 Insulation resist...

Страница 5: ... systems 79 13 8 1 Purpose of the test 79 13 8 2 Installation parts to be checked 79 13 8 3 Allowable values 79 13 9 Voltage and current Harmonics 80 13 9 1 Theory 80 13 9 2 Limit values for harmonics 80 13 9 3 Presence of harmonics causes 81 13 9 4 Presence of harmonics consequences 82 13 10 Power and Power Factor definition 82 13 10 1 Note 83 13 10 2 Conventions on powers and power factors 83 ...

Страница 6: ...ngerous situations for the operator DC or AC voltage or current Unidirectional pulsating voltage or current 1 1 PRELIMINARY INSTRUCTIONS This instrument has been designed for use in the environmental conditions specified in 11 2 1 and 11 4 1 Do not use in different environmental conditions The instrument may be used for measuring and verifying the safety of electrical systems Do not use on systems...

Страница 7: ...EN61010 1 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement control and laboratory use Part 1 General requirements defines what a measurement category usually called overvoltage category is At 6 7 4 Measuring circuits it says Circuits are divided into the following measurement categories Measurement category IV is for measurements performed at the source of the low voltage installation ...

Страница 8: ...ductors with test current higher than 200mA and open circuit voltage between 4V and 24V M Insulation resistance measurement with a direct test voltage of 50V 100V 250V 500V or 1000V RCD Measurement of following parameters on A type and AC type general and or selective differential switches with nominal current up to 1A tripping time tripping current contact voltage Ut total earth resistance RA LOO...

Страница 9: ...fully charged a decrease in the number of bars to indicates that the batteries are almost low In this case interrupt tests and replace the batteries according to the indications given in 10 2 The instrument is able to keep data stored also with no batteries For the insertion of batteries follow the indications given in 10 2 The instrument is provided with advanced algorithms to maximize the batter...

Страница 10: ...e 2 E N P inputs 3 In1 input Fig 2 Description of the upper part of the instrument CAPTION 1 Connector for optoisolated cable Fig 3 Description of the instrument s side 4 2 BACKLIGHTING During instrument operation a further short pressing of the key turns on the display s backlighting if battery voltage level is sufficiently high In order to preserve battery efficiency backlighting automatically t...

Страница 11: ...ns between the instrument and the system being tested in the function set key short pressure to turn on the display s backlighting 4 4 DISPLAY DESCRIPTION The display is a graphic module with a resolution of 128 x 128 dots The display s first line indicates the type of active measurement and the battery charge indicator L O W R R m A m A Measuring AUTO 1 00 0 12 Func Lim CAL 4 5 INITIAL SCREEN Whe...

Страница 12: ...eported in Table 1 and confirming selection with ENTER the desired measurement is accessed 5 2 SET INSTRUMENT SETTINGS Move the cursor to SET by means of the arrow keys and confirm with ENTER Subsequently the displays shows the screen which allows accessing the various instrument settings The settings will remain valid also after switching off the instrument S E T L a n g u a g e A u t o p o w e r...

Страница 13: ...2 4 0 V V p p 4 1 5 V VAL 5 2 4 Frequency Move the cursor to Frequency by means of the arrow keys and confirm with ENTER Subsequently the displays shows the screen which allows setting the value of the mains frequency Select the desired option by means of the arrow keys To store settings press the ENTER key to exit the changes made press the ESC key F R E Q 5 0 H z 6 0 H z VAL 5 2 5 System Move th...

Страница 14: ... sequence of tests including the main tests regarding the electric safety of a system i e Measurement of earth resistance through socket outlet Measurement of RCD tripping time Measurement of insulation resistance between phase and earth CAUTION Testing the RCD s tripping time causes the RCD s tripping Therefore check that there are NO users or loads connected downstream of the RCD being tested wh...

Страница 15: ...ot available if the electrical system set is IT CAUTION When activating the test option for selective RDCs symbol S the time interval between the tests is 60 seconds 30 seconds for tests with IdN The instrument display shows a timer indicating the time remaining before the instrument can automatically perform the test UL The virtual UL key allows setting the limit value of contact voltage for the ...

Страница 16: ...ved by pressing the SAVE key twice or the SAVE key and subsequently the ENTER key 8 1 6 1 1 Description of anomalous results 1 The instrument detects a resistance higher than the calculated limit value UL IdN 1666Ω UL 50V and IdN 30mA or higher than the full scale value A screen similar to the one reported here to the side is displayed a long acoustic signal is given and the automatic test is inte...

Страница 17: ...ge reported here to the side is displayed Rotate the shuko plug or check the connection of the single cables A U T O R a T r c d m s R P P e M REVERSE P N The phase and neutral conductors are inverted 30mA 50V 500V IdN RCD UL VNom 6 If the instrument detects that the phase and earth leads are inverted the message reported here to the side is displayed check the connection of the cables A U T O R a...

Страница 18: ...rth voltage higher than the limit the message reported here to the side is displayed Check that the instrument is not phase to phase connected A U T O R a T r c d m s R P P e M High voltage High voltage detected 30mA 50V 500V IdN RCD UL VNom 9 The previous anomalous results cannot be saved ...

Страница 19: ...gh to be able to move the protective conductors while the instrument is performing the test in order to detect a possible bad connection R measurement with negative polarity and with the possibility of setting a test duration time In this case the operator may set a measuring time long enough to be able to move the protective conductors while the instrument is performing the test in order to detec...

Страница 20: ...ng according to the instructions given in 6 2 1 6 Use the arrow keys to select the virtual Func key and set the desired test mode by means of the arrow keys It is not necessary to confirm the selection with ENTER CAUTION Before connecting the test leads make sure that there is no voltage at the ends of the conductor to be tested 7 Connect the test leads to the ends of the conductor to be tested as...

Страница 21: ...st current and test time R 4 00 1s 0 21 Func Lim Temp CAL 12 The results displayed can be saved by pressing the SAVE key twice or the SAVE key and subsequently the ENTER key 8 1 6 2 1 CAL mode Fig 7 Calibration of single cables and remote probe 1 Use the arrow keys to select the virtual Func key and set the CAL test mode by means of the arrow keys It is not necessary to confirm the selection with ...

Страница 22: ...t gives a long acoustic signal and displays a screen similar to the one reported here to the side L O W 5 9 2 R R 5 9 2 5 9 1 2 1 0 m A 2 1 0 m A R LIM AUTO 4 00 0 21 Func Lim CAL 2 By using the AUTO R or R mode in case the detected value is higher than the full scale the instrument gives a long acoustic signal and displays a screen similar to the one reported here to the side L O W 9 9 9 R R 9 9 ...

Страница 23: ... 21 Func Lim CAL 7 By using the CAL mode if the instrument detects a resistance higher than 5 at input leads a screen similar to the one reported here to the side is displayed and the instrument remains in the condition of no resistance calibrated L O W R R m A m A Reset value CAL 4 00 0 21 Func Lim CAL 8 By using the CAL mode verifying the calibrated value at the end of the CAL procedure if the c...

Страница 24: ...s being tested while the instrument is performing the test For the whole measurement duration the instrument will give a short acoustic signal every 2 seconds in order to have a stable reading of resistance it is recommended to wait at least two acoustic signals before moving the test lead to another conductor While measuring if insulation resistance reaches a lower value than the set limit the in...

Страница 25: ...gator clips to the free ends of the cables It is also possible to use the remote probe by inserting its multipolar connector into the input lead P 5 Should the length of the cables provided be insufficient for the measurement to be performed extend the green cable CAUTION Before connecting the test leads make sure that there is no voltage at the ends of the conductors to be tested Disconnect any c...

Страница 26: ...essage OK which signals the positive result of the test and a screen similar to the one reported here to the side M 999M 5 2 6 V 2 s Insulation resistance Applied test voltage and test duration time OK MAN 500V 0 50M Func VNom Lim 12 The results displayed can be saved by pressing the SAVE key twice or the SAVE key and subsequently the ENTER key 8 1 6 3 1 Description of anomalous results 1 Should t...

Страница 27: ...SAVE key and subsequently the ENTER key 8 1 4 If the instrument detects a voltage of about 10V on the upper input leads it displays the message reported here to the side and stops measurement M M V s Vin Vlim MAN 500V 0 50M 15s Func VNom Lim Temp 5 The previous anomalous result cannot be saved ...

Страница 28: ... instrument performs measurement with a leakage current equal to five times the set value of nominal current the instrument performs measurement with an increasing leakage current This test could be performed to determine the real tripping current of the RCD RA the instrument performs measurement with a leakage current equal to half the set value of nominal current in order not to trip the RCD and...

Страница 29: ...ns of the arrow keys and confirm with ENTER Subsequently the instrument displays a screen similar to the one reported here to the side R C D 0 ms FRQ 50 0Hz Ut 0 0V VP N 230V VP Pe 230V x1 30mA 50V Func IdN RCD UL 2 Use the keys to select the parameter to be modified and the keys to modify the parameter value It is not necessary to confirm the selection with ENTER Func The virtual Func key allows ...

Страница 30: ...lligator clips or the remote probe to the electrical mains according to Fig 10 Fig 11 Fig 12 Fig 13 and Fig 14 6 4 1 AUTO mode 5 Press the GO STOP key on the instrument or the START key on remote probe The instrument will start the measurement 6 The instrument performs the following six tests referred to nominal current IdN x with 0 phase the RCD must not trip IdN x with 180 phase the RCD must not...

Страница 31: ... 1 m s x 5 8 m s 1 0 m s FRQ 50 0Hz Ut 1 4V VP N 228V VP Pe 228V Tripping times expressed in ms RCD OK AUTO 30mA 50V Func IdN RCD UL 8 The results displayed can be saved by pressing the SAVE key twice or the SAVE key and subsequently the ENTER key 8 1 6 4 2 x mode As an alternative 5 Press the GO STOP key on the instrument or the START key on the remote probe once The instrument will start measuri...

Страница 32: ... the START key on the remote probe before the hyphens disappear The instrument will start measuring with a 180 type current injecting a current in phase with the negative half wave of voltage CAUTION If message Measuring appears on the display the instrument is performing measurement During this whole stage do not disconnect the test leads of the instrument from the mains 6 The x5 test is not avai...

Страница 33: ...st for selective RCDs requires an interval of 60 seconds between the tests The mode is therefore unavailable for selective RCDs both of A and of AC type 7 While performing the test the instrument supplies an increasing leakage voltage and displays a screen similar to the one reported here to the side R C D 0 18mA 3 0 0 m s FRQ 50 0Hz Ut 1 4V VP N 228V VP Pe 228V 0 or 180 type current Test current ...

Страница 34: ...inal value of the set residual current OK RA 30mA 50V Func IdN RCD UL signals that the test has been completed successfully and displays a screen similar to the one reported here to the side 7 The results displayed can be saved by pressing the SAVE key twice or the SAVE key and subsequently the ENTER key 8 1 6 4 6 Description of anomalous results 1 By using the RA mode if the instrument detects a ...

Страница 35: ... FRQ 50 0Hz Ut 1 4V VP N 221V VP Pe 221V TIME NOT OK The tripping time is not compliant with Table 5 x1 30mA S 50V Func IdN RCD UL 5 If during a test in mode the RCD trips in a time exceeding the maximum duration time provided for the test the instrument gives a long acoustic signal which signals the negative result of the test and then displays a screen similar to the one reported here to the sid...

Страница 36: ...ase to earth voltage lower than the limit the message reported here to the side is displayed Check that the system being tested is energized R C D 0 ms FRQ 50 0Hz Ut 1 4V VP N 1V VP Pe 1V Low voltage Insufficient voltage x1 30mA 50V Func IdN RCD UL 11 If the instrument detects a phase to neutral voltage or a phase to earth voltage higher than the limit the message reported here to the side is disp...

Страница 37: ...t 0 0V VP N 231V VP Pe 231V Ut Ulim The instrument detects a dangerous contact voltage x1 30mA 50V Func IdN RCD UL 15 If the RCD trips while performing the preliminary checks automatically performed by the instrument before performing the selected test the instrument displays the message reported here to the side Check that all loads connected downstream of the R C D 0 ms FRQ 50 0Hz Ut 0 0V VP N 2...

Страница 38: ...loop impedance and calculates the prospective fault current CAUTION The measurement of line impedance or fault loop impedance involves the circulation of a maximum current according to the technical specifications of the instrument 11 1 This could cause the tripping of possible magnetothermal or differential protections at lower tripping currents Fig 15 Instrument connection for 230V single phase ...

Страница 39: ...fy the parameter value It is not necessary to confirm the selection with ENTER Func The virtual Func key allows setting the measuring mode of the instrument which may be P N P P P PE UL The virtual UL key active only when an IT electrical system and the P PE mode have been set 5 2 5 allows setting the limit value of contact voltage for the system being tested which may be 50V 25V Mod The virtual U...

Страница 40: ...in shuko cable into the corresponding input leads E N and P of the instrument As an alternative use the single cables and apply the relevant alligator clips to the free ends of the cables It is also possible to use the remote probe by inserting its multipolar connector into the input lead P Connect the shuko plug the alligator clips or the remote probe to the electrical mains according to Fig 15 F...

Страница 41: ...not disconnect the test leads of the instrument from the mains 7 Once test is completed if the measured impedance value is lower than the full scale the instrument gives a double acoustic signal and then displays a screen similar to the one reported here to the side L O O P 0 57 7 0 1 A FRQ 50 0Hz VP P 402V VP Pe 230V Measured impedance value Prospective short circuit current P P and P PE measured...

Страница 42: ...alue is lower than the full scale the instrument gives a double acoustic signal and then displays a screen similar to the one reported here to the side L O O P 0 1 07 2 1 5 A FRQ 50 0Hz VP N 230V VP Pe 230V 0 or 180 type current Measured impedance value Prospective short circuit current P P and P PE measured voltages P PE STD Func Mod Formula used for calculating the prospective fault current PE N...

Страница 43: ...5V IT Func UL 8 The results displayed can be saved by pressing the SAVE key twice or the SAVE key and subsequently the ENTER key 8 1 6 5 5 Description of anomalous results 1 If the instrument detects an impedance higher than the full scale at the and of the test it displays the screen reported here to the side and gives a long acoustic signal L O O P 199 9 A FRQ 50 0Hz VP P 402V VP Pe 230V Impedan...

Страница 44: ... the limit the message reported here to the side is displayed Check that the instrument is not phase to phase connected L O O P A FRQ 50 0Hz VP N 281V VP Pe 280V High voltage High voltage detected P N STD Func Mod 7 If the instrument detects a phase to neutral voltage lower than the minimum limit it does not perform the test and displays the message reported here to the side Check the efficiency o...

Страница 45: ...eck the L O O P 0 A FRQ 50 0Hz VP N 231V VP Pe 231V Ut Ulim Dangerous contact voltage P PE STD Func Mod efficiency of the protective conductor and the earthing 10 If after repeated tests the instrument has overheated the message reported here to the side is displayed Wait for this message to disappear before performing other tests L O O P A FRQ 50 0Hz VP N 231V VP Pe 231V Hot temperature Overheate...

Страница 46: ...l specifications of the instrument 11 1 This could cause the tripping of possible protections at lower tripping currents Fig 20 Instrument connection for 230V single phase or double phase P PE fault loop impedance measurement through shuko cable Fig 21 Instrument connection for 230V single phase or double phase P PE fault loop impedance measurement through single cables and remote probe Fig 22 Ins...

Страница 47: ...s and apply the relevant alligator clips to the free ends of the cables It is also possible to use the remote probe by inserting its multipolar connector into the input lead P Connect the shuko plug the alligator clips or the remote probe to the electrical mains according to Fig 20 Fig 21 Fig 22 and Fig 23 5 Press the GO STOP key on the instrument or the START key on remote probe The instrument wi...

Страница 48: ...test it displays the screen reported here to the side and gives a long acoustic signal R a 1999 A FRQ 50 0Hz VP N 230V VP Pe 230V Impedance value higher than the full scale P P and P PE measured voltages NOT OK 50V UL 2 If the instrument detects an impedance higher than the limit value calculated as ULIM 30mA 1666Ω ULIM 50V 833Ω ULIM 25V it displays the screen reported here to the side and gives a...

Страница 49: ...s energized R a A FRQ 50 0Hz VP N 1V VP Pe 1V Low voltage Insufficient voltage 50V UL 7 If the instrument detects a phase to neutral voltage or a phase to earth voltage higher than the limit the message reported here to the side is displayed Check that the instrument is not phase to phase connected R a A FRQ 50 0Hz VP N 281V VP Pe 280V High voltage High voltage detected 50V UL 8 If the instrument ...

Страница 50: ...erformed a contact voltage higher than the set limit would build up in the system being tested it does not perform the test and displays the message reported here to the side Check the efficiency of the R a 0 A FRQ 50 0Hz VP N 231V VP Pe 231V Ut Ulim Dangerous contact voltage 50V UL protective conductor and the earthing 11 If after repeated tests the instrument has overheated the message reported ...

Страница 51: ...keys and confirm with ENTER Subsequently the instrument displays a screen similar to the one reported here to the side 1 2 3 1T Func 2 Use the arrow keys to set the measuring mode of the instrument which may be 1T 2T It is not necessary to confirm the selection with ENTER 3 Insert the blue and black connectors of the single cables into the corresponding input leads N and P of the instrument Apply ...

Страница 52: ...t value on the test lead the instrument displays the screen reported here to the side and starts measuring the first voltage The instrument gives a long acoustic signal until input voltage is present 1 2 3 Measuring Measuring phase 1 1T Func 7 Once acquisition is completed the instrument switches to stand by mode and displays the screen reported here to the side until the test lead detects again a...

Страница 53: ... 1 Measuring Measuring phase 2 1T Func 10 Once acquisition is completed if the instrument has detected a correct phase sequence it displays 123 and the message OK It also gives a double acoustic signal 1 2 3 123 Correct phase sequence OK 1T Func 11 Once acquisition is completed if the instrument has detected two voltages in phase it displays a screen similar to the one reported here to the side an...

Страница 54: ...of the first and second voltage a time higher than the limit time has elapsed the instrument displays a screen similar to the one reported here to the side and gives a long acoustic signal 1 2 3 1 Time out 1T Func 4 If during voltage acquisition the instrument detects an input voltage higher than the maximum limit value it displays a screen similar to the one reported here to the side and stops me...

Страница 55: ...bsequently the instrument displays a screen similar to the one reported here to the side The instrument measures and shows on the display the instant value of the input parameter in real time and RUN appears in the right bottom part of the display A U X In1 7 08 Lux Lux LX 20 RUN Func FS 2 Use the keys to select the parameter to be modified and the keys to modify the parameter value It is not nece...

Страница 56: ...08 Lux Lux LX 20 STOP Func FS 5 Measures can be saved both in RUN and in STOP mode by pressing the SAVE key twice or the SAVE key and subsequently the ENTER key 8 1 6 8 2 Description of anomalous results 1 In AIR RH TMP F TMP C Lux or VOLT mode if the instrument measures an input value higher than the full scale it displays a screen similar to the one reported here to the side Check that the full ...

Страница 57: ... part of the display L E A K I 00 0 A Imax 00 0 A 100A RUN FS 2 Use the arrow keys to select the clamp full scale among the values 1A 10A 30A 100A 200A 300A 400A 1000A 2000A 3000A the changes made to the FS value will also be applied to the PWR function 7 1 It is not necessary to confirm the selection with ENTER 3 The FS set on the instrument has always to match the one on the clamp being used For...

Страница 58: ...ppears on the right bottom part of the display L E A K I 47 0 A Imax 86 4 A 100A STOP FS 7 The results displayed can be saved both in RUN and in STOP mode by pressing the SAVE key twice or the SAVE key and subsequently the ENTER key 8 1 6 9 1 Description of anomalous results 1 If the instrument detects that the current is higher than the one of the set full scale the screen on the side will be dis...

Страница 59: ...nput parameters and RUN appears on the right bottom part of the display P W R V 230 8 V I 27 2 A f 50 0 Hz P 5 09 kW S 6 28 kVA Q 2 14 kVAR pf 0 94 i dpf 0 94 i PAR 100A 4005 RUN Func FS TYPE 2 Use the keys to select the parameter to be modified and the keys to modify the parameter value It is not necessary to confirm the selection with ENTER Func The virtual Func key allows setting the measuring ...

Страница 60: ...play Press the same key again to restart the measurement and the real time display of the instant values of the input parameters In this case RUN appears on the right bottom part of the display P W R V 230 8 V I 27 2 A f 50 0 Hz P 5 09 kW Q 2 14 kVAR S 6 28 kVA pf 0 94 i dpf 0 94 i PAR 100A 4005 STOP Func FS TYPE 6 The results displayed can be saved both in RUN and in STOP mode by pressing the SAV...

Страница 61: ...ion in which the results will be saved and which keeps increasing 3 It is not possible to set the memory location in which the measure is saved The instrument always uses the first location available i e the next location available after the last used one 4 Use the keys to select the parameter to be modified and the keys to modify the parameter value As an alternative 5 or Press the ENTER or SAVE ...

Страница 62: ...he keys to select the parameter to be modified and the keys to modify the parameter value REC The virtual REC key scrolls down the measurements displayed one by one thus allowing the selection of the one to be recalled PAG The virtual PAG key scrolls down the measurement displayed in each page by groups of 7 measurements thus allowing a faster selection of the measure to be recalled CANC The virtu...

Страница 63: ...lar to the one reported here to the side is displayed M E M MEM TYPE P L 001 LOW 110 096 002 LOW 110 096 003 LOW 110 096 004 LOW 110 096 005 LOW 110 096 006 LOW 110 096 007 LOW 110 096 TOT 000 FREE 500 TOT REC PAG CANC Or 4 Press the ESC key to go back to the saved measures list 5 Press the ESC key to go back to the the main menu 8 2 3 Description of anomalous results 1 In case there is no measure...

Страница 64: ...ts invisible LED radiations Do not directly observe with optical instruments Class 1M LED apparatus according to standard IEC EN 60825 1 To transfer data to the PC follow this procedure 1 Switch on the instrument by pressing the ON OFF key 2 Connect the instrument to the PC via the provided optical USB cable C2006 3 Press the ESC MENU key to open the main menu 4 Use the arrow keys to select RS232 ...

Страница 65: ... be carried out by skilled technicians only Before carrying out this operation make sure that all cables have been removed from the input leads 1 Swicth off the instrument by pressing and holding the ON key 2 Remove the cables from the input leads 3 Unscrew the cover fastening screw from the battery compartment and remove it 4 Remove all the batteries from the battery compartment and replace with ...

Страница 66: ...9 0 1 100 249 1 250 499 1 5 0 rdg 2dgt 500 0 01 9 99 0 01 2 0 rdg 2dgt 10 0 99 9 0 1 100 499 1 500 999 1 5 0 rdg 2dgt 1000 0 01 9 99 0 01 2 0 rdg 2dgt 10 0 99 9 0 1 100 999 1 1000 1999 1 5 0 rdg 2dgt Open circuit test voltage 1 25 x nominal test voltage Short circuit current 15mA peak with each test voltage Generated voltage resolution 1V Accuracy 5 0 rdg 5dgt Rmis 0 5 FS Nominal test current 2 2m...

Страница 67: ...uency 50Hz 0 5Hz 60Hz 0 5Hz TT and TN systems Range Resolution Accuracy 0 01 19 99 0 01 5 0 rdg 3dgt 20 0 199 9 0 1 200 1999 phase earth only 1 Max peak test current at test voltage 3A 127V 6A 230V 10A 400V IT systems first fault current Range mA Resolution mA Accuracy 5 999 1 5 0 rdg 3dgt Contact voltage ULIM 25V 50V Global earth resistance Ra Range Resolution Accuracy 0 01 19 99 0 01 5 0 rdg 1 2...

Страница 68: ...Accuracy 5 0 265 0 0 1V 0 5 rdg 2dgt Max crest factor 1 5 Frequency 47 0 63 0 Hz Voltage harmonics measurement Range V Resolution V Order Accuracy 0 0 265 0 0 1V 2 15 2 0 rdg 5dgt 16 49 5 0 rdg 10dgt Frequency fundamental 47 0 63 0 Hz Current measurement Range A Resolution A Accuracy 0 005 1 2 x FS See Table 2 1 0 rdg 2dgt Max crest factor 3 Frequency 47 0 63 0 Hz Current harmonics measurement Ran...

Страница 69: ...racy 0 0 999 9 0 1 FS 1 1 0 rdg 6dgt 1 000 9 999 k 0 001 k 0 000 9 999 k 0 001 k 1 FS 10 10 00 99 99 k 0 01 k 0 00 99 99 k 0 01 k 10 FS 100 100 0 999 9 k 0 1 k 0 0 999 9 k 0 1 k 100 FS 3000 1000 9999 k 1 k Measurement of the power factor cos Vmis 60V f 50 0Hz Current range A Range Resolution Accuracy 0 005 0 1 x FS 0 80c 1 00 0 80i 0 01 2 0 1 1 2 x FS 1 ...

Страница 70: ...3in Weight batteries included 1250g 44ounces Power supply Battery type 6 batteries 1 5 V LR6 AA AM3 MN 1500 Low battery indication the symbol is displayed when the battery voltage is too low Battery life approx 600 tests in all safety tests approx 48 hours in PWR function Auto power off if set to ON after about 5 minutes from the last key press or measurement the instrument turns off automatically...

Страница 71: ... improper packaging Any repair that might be necessary as a consequence of service actions carried out by unauthorized personnel Any modification of the instrument carried out without the authorization of the manufacturer Use not provided for in the instrument s specifications or in the instruction manual The contents of this manual may not be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the manufact...

Страница 72: ...e water pipe and the other to the earth installation using for example the protective conductor of the closest socket Fig 32 Examples for continuity measurement on conductors Check the continuity among earth poles of all the plugs and earth collector or node earth terminals of class I instruments boiler etc and earth collector or node main external masses water gas pipes etc and earth collector or...

Страница 73: ... Fig 33 Insulation measurements on an installation The switches D and E are those installed near the load having the purpose of separating it from the installation In case the above said RCDs do not exist or they are monophase it is necessary to disconnect the users from the installation before effecting the insulation resistance test A procedure indicating how to effect the insulation resistance ...

Страница 74: ...ect the measurement another time Table 3 Procedure for insulation measurement referred to the installation reported in Fig 33 If the circuit is quite large the conductors running side by side make up a capacity which is to be charged by the instrument in order to carry out a correct measurement in this case it is recommended to keep the measurement key pressed in case a test is effected under manu...

Страница 75: ...essed in case a test is effected under manual mode until the result gets stable The indication 1999M or o r out of range warns that the insulation resistance measured by the instrument is higher than the maximum resistance limit see technical specifications this result is obviously far higher than the minimum limits of the above table therefore if during a test this symbol is displayed the insulat...

Страница 76: ...insulation not lower than that of the insulation 13 3 2 Purpose of the test The test to be effected in case the protection is realized through separation 64 8 6 612 4 SELV or PELV or electrical separation shall check that the insulation resistance measured according to the indications below depending on the separation type complies with the limits reported in the table relative to the insulation m...

Страница 77: ...eparated circuit and the other to one of the conductors of a non separated circuit TEST BETWEEN ACTIVE PARTS AND EARTH Connect an instrument probe to one of the two conductors of the separated circuit and the other to the equalizing potential node This test must be performed for SELV circuits or circuits with electrical separation only Equalising potential node Fig 34 Measurement of separation amo...

Страница 78: ...RCD fault rate this test however detects only 24 of defective RCDs 13 4 2 Installation parts to be checked All the RCDs shall be tested when installed In the low voltage installations the test is recommended to grant an acceptable safety level For the medical rooms this check shall be effected periodically every six months on all RCDs 13 4 3 Allowable values To compare the measurements make refere...

Страница 79: ...useful to effect this test to check the real RCD tripping current For RCDs with fixed differential current this test can be effected to detect any leakage of the installation users In case the earth installation is not available effect the test connecting one instrument s terminal on a conductor downstream the RCD and one terminal on the other conductor upstream the RCD itself 13 5 3 Allowable val...

Страница 80: ...e of the test The fault loop is the circuit of the current when there is a bad isolation of the electrical system toward earth The fault loop is composed transformer coil impedance the impedance of the line from the transformer to the fault the impedance of the protective conductor from the conductive part to the neutral of the transformer When the instrument measures fault loop impedance it detec...

Страница 81: ...btained by the tripping time test of the RCDs A AC RCDs S A AC see Ia tripping current in 5s of the RCD rated tripping current of the RCD in the case of RCD S 2 IdN 50 safety limit voltage reduced down to 25V in special rooms If the installation is protected by an RCD the measurement shall be effected upstream or downstream the RCD short circuiting it to avoid its tripping These methods provide va...

Страница 82: ...n 1 the index of the sigma is from 1 to the infinite What happens in reality is that a signal does not have an unlimited number of harmonics a number always exists after which the harmonics value is negligible The EN 50160 standard recommends to stop the index in the expression 1 in correspondence of the 40 th harmonic A fundamental element to detect the presence of harmonics is THD defined as 1 4...

Страница 83: ...r secondary transformers The secondary generally provides 230V AC from phase to neutral and 400V AC from phase to phase Balancing the loads on each phase has always represented an headache for electric systems designers Until some ten years ago in a balanced system the vectorial sum of the currents in the neutral was zero or quite low given the difficulty of obtaining a perfect balance The devices...

Страница 84: ...ower source This can cause distortion of the voltage wave so that any power factor correction capacitors on the line can be easily overloaded The 5 th and the 11 th harmonic contrast the current flow through the motors making its operation harder and shortening their average life In general the higher the ordinal harmonic number the smaller its energy is and therefore the impact it will have on th...

Страница 85: ...RMS value With the above given relation the increasing of power losses due to harmonics is added to that introduced by the presence of reactive power In effect even if the two phenomena contribute together to the increase of power losses in line it is not true in general that these causes of the power losses are in phase between each other and therefore that can be added one to the other mathemati...

Страница 86: ...rator Pfc Capacitive power factor Pfi Inductive power factor Qc Value of the capacitive reactive power Qi Value of the inductive reactive power Value Significance P The active power positive or negative is defined in the panel and therefore acquires the value of the active power in that moment Q The reactive power inductive or capacitive positive or negative is defined in the panel and therefore a...

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Страница 88: ...Via della Boaria 40 48018 Faenza RA Italy Tel 39 0546 621002 4 linee r a Fax 39 0546 621144 email ht htitalia it http www ht instruments com YAMUM0015HT0 ...

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