CompUSA 333628, Руководство пользователя

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Glossary
Default Gateway (Router):
Every non-router IP device needs to configure a default gateway’s IP address. When the
device sends out an IP packet, if the destination is not on the same network, the device has to send the packet to its
default gateway, which will then send it out towards the destination.
DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. This protocol automatically gives every computer on your home network
an IP address.
DNS Server IP Address: DNS stands for Domain Name System, which allows Internet servers to have a domain
name (such as www.Broadbandrouter.com) and one or more IP addresses (such as 192.34.45.8). A DNS server
keeps a database of Internet servers and their respective domain names and IP addresses, so that when a domain
name is requested (as in typing "Broadbandrouter.com" into your Internet browser), the user is sent to the proper IP
address. The DNS server IP address used by the computers on your home network is the location of the DNS server
your ISP has assigned to you.
DSL Modem: DSL stands for Digital Subscriber Line. A DSL modem uses your existing phone lines to transmit data at
high speeds.
Ethernet: A standard for computer networks. Ethernet networks are connected by special cables and hubs, and move
data around at up to 10/100 million bits per second (Mbps).
Idle Timeout: Idle Timeout is designed so that after there is no traffic to the Internet for a pre-configured amount of
time, the connection will automatically be disconnected.
IP Address and Network (Subnet) Mask:
IP stands for Internet Protocol. An IP address consists of a series of four
numbers separated by periods, that identifies a single, unique Internet computer host in an IP network. Example:
192.168.2.1. It consists of 2 portions: the IP network address, and the host identifier.
The IP address is a 32-bit binary pattern, which can be represented as four cascaded decimal numbers separated by
“.”: aaa.aaa.aaa.aaa, where each “aaa” can be anything from 000 to 255, or as four cascaded binary numbers
separated by “.”: bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb, where each “b” can either be 0 or 1.
A network mask is also a 32-bit binary pattern, and consists of consecutive leading
1’s followed by consecutive trailing 0’s, such as
11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000. Therefore a network mask can sometimes be described simply as “x”
number of leading 1’s.
When both are represented side by side in their binary forms, all bits in the IP address that correspond to 1’s in the
network mask become part of the IP network address, and the remaining bits correspond to the host ID.
For example, if the IP address for a device is, in its binary form,
11011001.10110000.10010000.00000111, and if its network mask is,
11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000
It means the device’s network address is
11011001.10110000.10010000.00000000, and its host ID is,
00000000.00000000.00000000.00000111. This is a convenient and efficient method for routers to route IP packets to
their destination.
ISP Gateway Address: (see ISP for definition). The ISP Gateway Address is an IP address for the Internet router
located at the ISP's office.
ISP: Internet Service Provider. An ISP is a business that provides connectivity to the Internet for individuals and other
businesses or organizations.
LAN: Local Area Network. A LAN is a group of computers and devices connected together in a relatively small area
(such as a house or an office). Your home network is considered a LAN.
MAC Address: MAC stands for Media Access Control. A MAC address is the hardware address of a device
connected to a network. The MAC address is a unique identifier for a device with an Ethernet interface. It is comprised
of two parts: 3 bytes of data that corresponds to the Manufacturer ID (unique for each manufacturer), plus 3 bytes that
are often used as the product’s serial number.