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Router Bits
Types of router bits.
There are five basic types of router bits: straight, up shear, down shear,
combination (also called compression), and form tools (round over, ogee,
etc.).
1. Straight Router Bits.
These are the standard router bits that are commonly used with handheld
routers and are readily available at most home centers.
2. Up Shear Router Bits.
These bits have flutes that are spiraled upward (a standard twist drill is an example of this type
of bit). This bit design removes the chips from the kerf but has a tendency to chip the top
surface, especially veneers or melamine surfaces.
Ball nose Router Bits are a variation of the up shear bit design but have a radius end. These bits
are typically used for 3D surfacing applications.
3. Down Shear Router Bits.
These bits are similar to the up shear but with an opposite spiral that actually tends to pack the
chips into the kerf. These bits prevent chipping the material surface, especially with veneers or
melamine surfaces.
4. Combination (Compression) Router Bits.
These bits combine the advantages of both up shear and down shear designs. The top section
of the tool is down shear to prevent chipping the top surface of the material and the lower part of
the bit is up shear to prevent chipping the bottom surface of the material.
Combination Router Bits are the preferred configuration for machining veneered plywood as well
as melamine surfaced product. A va
riation of the bit is called the “Mortising Compression” router
bit. With this bit, the up shear portion of the bit is less than 1/4" (6mm) in length so that the bit
can be used on 1/4" (6mm) veneered plywood and for dados.
5. Form Router Bits.
Form Router Bits typically are available in standard profiles such as round over, ogee, etc.
Router bits that have a shape associated with them would be classified with this group.
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