Glossary
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sending an e-mail message or the use of a program for pri-
vate data exchange (also known as file sharing or peer-to-
peer software).
Through traffic shaping these delays are avoided by pro-
viding the dispatch of confirmation packets with band-
width suitable for the given download activities. All of the
packets to be sent are also assigned a priority suitable for
their packet types.
Update
A more recent version of software or firmware is called an
update. Updates are often free of charge, resolve minor
programming errors, and sometimes also offer new func-
tions.
Upload
This term designates the procedure of transmitting files
from one’s own computer to another computer in the Inter-
net.
UPnP
abbreviation for Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)
UPnP is an extension of the Microsoft Plug & Play standard
that allows devices to network globally and to exchange
services – without a central server or computer.
UPnP allows devices from all kinds of manufacturers (ste-
reo systems, routers, printers, house controls) to be con-
trolled via an IP-based network, with or without central
control through a gateway. It is based on a number of
standardized network protocols and data formats. Ex-
pressed simplistically, devices can communicate with
each other using UPnP to exchange information.
Today the UPnP forum specifies the UPnP standard and
certifies devices that are compliant with the standard.
VoIP
abbreviation for Voice over IP, also known as Internet tele-
phony
Voice over IP makes telephone calls possible via the Inter-
net. The technology has already been in use for years, but
today it allows even private customers the convenience fa-
miliar from conventional telephony, usually at significant-
ly lower prices. VoIP has also made it considerably more
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